@misc{Carvalheiro2023,
abstract = {Electroconvulsive therapy is characterized by the electrical induction of generalized and self-limited seizures and is currently available for the treatment of severe psychiatric disorders in children and adults. There are no absolute contraindications to electroconvulsive therapy in children and adolescents; however, there might be some relative contraindications. Electroconvulsive therapy is considered one of the safest procedures performed under general anesthesia. Its side effects in children are generally well tolerated, transient, similar to those reported by adults, and tend to decrease in subsequent sessions. Although considered safe and effective, it is still little used in Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. The reasons for its low use are related to the scarcity of studies, legal restrictions imposed by some countries, stigma, doubts about its effectiveness and safety, variable usage in different countries, and issues of ethical nature. Despite the fears, there is no technical, scientific, or ethical reason to justify the non-performance of electroconvulsive therapy in children and adolescents. Based on the literature review, this study seems to be the first narrative review carried out in Portugal on the use of electroconvulsive therapy in Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, and no other Portuguese studies were found. Since there is a correlation between knowledge and positive attitudes towards the use of electroconvulsive therapy, it is necessary to increase the studies, education, and practical experience in this area in Portugal. This non-systematic literature review aimed to inform health professionals about the importance of electroconvulsive therapy in the treatment of children and adolescents with severe mental illness.},
author = {Carvalheiro, Ana Mafalda and Jorge, Ana Patr{\'{i}}cia and Gon{\c{c}}alves, Rita and Laureano, Maria},
booktitle = {Portuguese Journal of Pediatrics},
doi = {10.25754/pjp.2023.26502},
issn = {21844453},
keywords = {Adolescent,Child,Electroconvulsive Therapy/adverse effects,Electroconvulsive Therapy/ethics,Electroconvulsive Therapy/history,Electroconvulsive Therapy/methods,Electroconvulsive Therapy/trends,Mental Disorders/therapy},
title = {{Electroconvulsive Therapy in Child and Adolescent Psychiatry: Narrative Review}},
year = {2023}
}

Paper  doi  abstract   bibtex   

@article{GULEC2022107318,
title = {Adolescents' disease- and fitness-related online health information seeking behaviors: The roles of perceived trust in online health information, eHealth literacy, and parental factors},
journal = {Computers in Human Behavior},
volume = {134},
pages = {107318},
year = {2022},
issn = {0747-5632},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2022.107318},
url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0747563222001406},
author = {Hayriye Gulec and Nikol Kvardova and David Smahel},
keywords = {Online health information seeking, Trust, eHealth literacy, Parental mediation, Adolescent},
abstract = {Online health information seeking (OHIS) behaviors are prevalent among adolescents, which might guide their behaviors in the health domain, and therefore substantially impact their overall health. This study examined adolescent and parental factors in the disease- and fitness-related OHIS behaviors of adolescents. Trust in online health information and eHealth literacy were examined as adolescent factors, whereas parental OHIS mediation and behaviors were examined as parental factors. Czech adolescents (N = 1530; 50% girls) aged 13–18 and their parents (64% women) participated in the study. The results showed that adolescents' eHealth literacy — but not their trust in online health information — was associated with OHIS behaviors. Adolescents whose parents reported a higher frequency of OHIS behaviors and who were more frequently involved in mediating their children's OHIS behaviors were more likely to seek health information online. Furthermore, parental OHIS mediation and parental fitness-related OHIS behaviors moderated the association between the perceived trust in online health information and the OHIS behaviors. The findings highlighted parents as significant role models in adolescents' OHIS behaviors.}
}

@article{wang_global_2021,
	title = {Global hospital admissions and in-hospital mortality associated with all-cause and virus-specific acute lower respiratory infections in children and adolescents aged 5-19 years between 1995 and 2019: a systematic review and modelling study},
	volume = {6},
	issn = {2059-7908},
	shorttitle = {Global hospital admissions and in-hospital mortality associated with all-cause and virus-specific acute lower respiratory infections in children and adolescents aged 5-19 years between 1995 and 2019},
	doi = {10.1136/bmjgh-2021-006014},
	abstract = {INTRODUCTION: The burden of acute lower respiratory infections (ALRI), and common viral ALRI aetiologies among 5-19 years are less well understood. We conducted a systematic review to estimate global burden of all-cause and virus-specific ALRI in 5-19 years.
METHODS: We searched eight databases and Google for studies published between 1995 and 2019 and reporting data on burden of all-cause ALRI or ALRI associated with influenza virus, respiratory syncytial virus, human metapneumovirus and human parainfluenza virus. We assessed risk of bias using a modified Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. We developed an analytical framework to report burden by age, country and region when there were sufficient data (all-cause and influenza-associated ALRI hospital admissions). We estimated all-cause ALRI in-hospital deaths and hospital admissions for ALRI associated with respiratory syncytial virus, human metapneumovirus and human parainfluenza virus by region.
RESULTS: Globally, an estimated 5.5 million (UR 4.0-7.8) all-cause ALRI hospital admissions occurred annually between 1995 and 2019 in 5-19 year olds, causing 87 900 (UR 40 300-180 600) in-hospital deaths annually. Influenza virus and respiratory syncytial virus were associated with 1 078 600 (UR 4 56 500-2 650 200) and 231 800 (UR 142 700-3 73 200) ALRI hospital admissions in 5-19 years. Human metapneumovirus and human parainfluenza virus were associated with 105 500 (UR 57 200-181 700) and 124 800 (UR 67 300-228 500) ALRI hospital admissions in 5-14 years. About 55\% of all-cause ALRI hospital admissions and 63\% of influenza-associated ALRI hospital admissions occurred in those 5-9 years globally. All-cause and influenza-associated ALRI hospital admission rates were highest in upper-middle income countries, Asia-Pacific region and the Latin America and Caribbean region.
CONCLUSION: Incidence and mortality data for all-cause and virus-specific ALRI in 5-19 year olds are scarce. The lack of data in low-income countries and Eastern Europe and Central Asia, South Asia, and West and Central Africa warrants efforts to improve the development and access to healthcare services, diagnostic capacity, and data reporting.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {7},
	journal = {BMJ global health},
	author = {Wang, Xin and Li, You and Mei, Xin and Bushe, Erin and Campbell, Harry and Nair, Harish},
	month = jul,
	year = {2021},
	pmid = {34261758},
	pmcid = {PMC8281096},
	keywords = {Adolescent, Child, Global Health, Hospital Mortality, Hospitalization, Hospitals, Humans, Respiratory Tract Infections, epidemiology, paediatrics, pneumonia, respiratory infections, systematic review},
	pages = {e006014},
}

@article{hildebrandt_randomized_2020,
	title = {Randomized {Controlled} {Trial} {Comparing} {Health} {Coach}-{Delivered} {Smartphone}-{Guided} {Self}-{Help} {With} {Standard} {Care} for {Adults} {With} {Binge} {Eating}.},
	volume = {177},
	issn = {1535-7228 0002-953X},
	doi = {10/ghsrqp},
	abstract = {OBJECTIVE: Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) has shown efficacy in the treatment of eating disorders. The authors conducted a randomized controlled telemedicine trial  of CBT-guided self-help (CBT-GSH) assisted with a smartphone app, Noom Monitor, for  binge eating with or without purging. They hypothesized that coach-delivered CBT-GSH  telemedicine sessions plus Noom Monitor would yield greater reductions in symptoms  of binge eating, purging, and eating disorders compared with standard care. METHODS:  Fifty-two-week outcomes for CBT-GSH plus Noom Monitor (N=114) were compared with  outcomes for standard care (N=111) among members of an integrated health care system  in the Pacific Northwest. Patients in the health system who met inclusion criteria  were ≥18 years old, had a body mass index ≥18.5, met criteria for DSM-5 binge eating  disorder or bulimia nervosa, had 12 months of continuous health care enrollment in  Kaiser Permanente Northwest, and had a personal smartphone. Participants received  eight CBT-GSH telemedicine sessions over 12 weeks administered by health coaches,  and outcomes were assessed at baseline and at weeks 4, 8, 12, 26, and 52. The use of  available treatment offered within the Kaiser Permanente health care system was  permitted for participants assigned to standard care. RESULTS: Participants who  received CBT-GSH plus Noom Monitor reported significant reductions in objective  binge-eating days (β=-0.66, 95\% CI=-1.06, -0.25; Cohen's d=-1.46, 95\% CI=-4.63,  -1.09) and achieved higher rates of remission (56.7\% compared with 30\%; number  needed to treat=3.74) at 52 weeks compared with participants in standard care, none  of whom received any eating disorder treatment during the intervention period  (baseline and weeks 1-12). Similar patterns emerged for compensatory behaviors  (vomiting, use of laxatives, and excessive exercise; 76.3\% compared with 56.8\%;  number needed to treat=5.11), eating disorder symptoms (body shape, weight, eating  concerns, and dietary restraint), and clinical impairment (Cohen's d=-10.07, -2.15).  CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that CBT-GSH plus Noom Monitor delivered via  telemedicine by routine-practice health coaches in a nonacademic health care system  yields reductions in symptoms and impairment over 52 weeks compared with standard  care.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {2},
	journal = {The American journal of psychiatry},
	author = {Hildebrandt, Tom and Michaeledes, Andreas and Mayhew, Meghan and Greif, Rebecca and Sysko, Robyn and Toro-Ramos, Tatiana and DeBar, Lynn},
	month = feb,
	year = {2020},
	pmid = {32008396},
	note = {Place: United States},
	keywords = {*Cognitive, *Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, *Computers, *Eating Disorders, *Gender Differences, *Metabolism, *Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, *Smartphone, Adolescent, Adult, Binge-Eating Disorder/*therapy, Female, Humans, Male, Mentoring, Middle Aged, Telemedicine/*methods, Young Adult},
	pages = {134--142},
}

Paper  doi  bibtex   

@article{jansen_burden_2020,
	title = {Burden of {Illness} and {Quality} of {Life} in {Tuberous} {Sclerosis} {Complex}: {Findings} {From} the {TOSCA} {Study}},
	volume = {11},
	issn = {16642295},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85090896990&doi=10.3389%2ffneur.2020.00904&partnerID=40&md5=1faa143e97a93bf95e1228ed0c704c24},
	doi = {10.3389/fneur.2020.00904},
	language = {English},
	journal = {Frontiers in Neurology},
	author = {Jansen, A.C. and Vanclooster, S. and de Vries, P.J. and Fladrowski, C. and Beaure d'Augères, G. and Carter, T. and Belousova, E. and Benedik, M.P. and Cottin, V. and Curatolo, P. and Dahlin, M. and D'Amato, L. and Ferreira, J.C. and Feucht, M. and Hertzberg, C. and Jozwiak, S. and Lawson, J.A. and Macaya, A. and Marques, R. and Nabbout, R. and O'Callaghan, F. and Qin, J. and Sander, V. and Sauter, M. and Shah, S. and Takahashi, Y. and Touraine, R. and Youroukos, S. and Zonnenberg, B. and Kingswood, J.C. and Shinohara, N. and Horie, S. and Kubota, M. and Tohyama, J. and Imai, K. and Kaneda, M. and Kaneko, H. and Uchida, Y. and Kirino, T. and Endo, S. and Inoue, Y. and Uruno, K. and Serdaroglu, A. and Yapici, Z. and Anlar, B. and Altunbasak, S. and Lvova, O. and Belyaev, O.V.B. and Agranovich, O. and Levitina, E.V.L. and Maksimova, Y.V.M. and Karas, A. and Jiang, Y. and Zou, L. and Xu, K. and Zhang, Y. and Luan, G. and Zhang, Y. and Wang, Y. and Jin, M. and Ye, D. and Ye, D. and Zhou, L. and Liu, J. and Liao, J. and YAN, B. and Deng, Y. and Jiang, L. and Liu, Z. and Huang, S. and Li, H. and Kim, K. and Chen, P.-L. and Lee, H.-F. and Tsai, J.-D. and Chi, C.-S. and Huang, C.-C. and Riney, K. and Yates, D. and Kwan, P. and Likasitwattanakul, S. and Nabangchang, C. and Chomtho, L.T.K. and Katanyuwong, K. and Sriudomkajorn, S. and Wilmshurst, J. and Segel, R. and Gilboa, T. and Tzadok, M. and Fattal-Valevski, T. and Papathanasopoulos, P. and Papavasiliou, A.S.P. and Giannakodimos, S. and Gatzonis, S. and Pavlou, E. and Tzoufi, M. and Vergeer, A.M.H. and Dhooghe, M. and Verhelst, H. and Roelens, F. and Nassogne, M.C.N. and Defresne, P. and Waele, L.D.W. and Leroy, P. and Demonceau, N. and Legros, B. and Bogaert, P.V.B. and Ceulemans, B. and Dom, L. and Castelnau, P. and Martin, A.D.S. and Riquet, A. and Milh, M. and Cances, C. and Pedespan, J.-M. and Ville, D. and Roubertie, A. and Auvin, S. and Berquin, P. and Richelme, C. and Allaire, C. and Gueden, S. and Tich, S.N.T. and Godet, B. and da Silva Oliveira Monteiro, J.P. and de Oliveira Ferreira Leao, M.J.S. and Planas, J.C.P. and Bermejo, A.M.B. and Dura, P.S.D. and Aparicio, S.R.A. and Gonzalez, M.J.M. and Pison, J.L.P. and Barca, M.O.B. and Laso, E.L.L. and Luengo, O.A.L. and Rodriguez, F.J.A. and Dieguez, I.M.D. and Salas, A.C.S. and Carrera, I.M.C. and Salcedo, E.M.S. and Petri, M.E.Y. and Candela, R.C.C. and da Conceicao Carrilho, I. and Vieira, J.P.V. and da Silva Oliveira Monteiro, J.P. and de Oliveira Ferreira Leao, M.J.S. and Luis, C.S.M.R. and Mendonca, C.P.M. and Endziniene, M. and Strautmanis, J. and Talvik, I. and Canevini, M.P.C. and Gambardella, A. and Pruna, D. and Buono, S. and Fontana, E. and Bernardina, B.D.B. and Burloiu, C. and Cosma, I.S.B. and Vintan, M.A.V. and Popescu, L. and Zitterbart, K. and Payerova, J. and Bratsky, L. and Zilinska, Z. and Sedlmayr, U.G. and Baumann, M. and Haberlandt, E. and Rostasy, K. and Pataraia, E. and Elmslie, F. and Johnston, C.A.J. and Crawford, P. and Uldall, P. and Uvebrant, P. and Rask, O. and Bjoernvold, M. and Brodtkorb, E. and Sloerdahl, A. and Solhoff, R. and Jaatun, M.S.G. and Mandera, M. and Radzikowska, E.J.R. and Wysocki, M. and Fischereder, M. and Kurlemann, G. and Wilken, B. and K-ruel, A.W.K. and Budde, K. and Marquard, K. and Knuf, M. and Hahn, A. and Hartmann, H. and Merkenschlager, A. and Trollmann, R. and Investigators, TOSCA Consortium TOSCA},
	year = {2020},
	note = {Publisher: Frontiers Media S.A.},
	keywords = {Article, adolescent, adult, aged, career, caregiver, child, disease burden, educational status, employment, family life, female, human, informed consent, major clinical study, male, patient care, personal experience, psychological well-being, quality of life, questionnaire, social psychology, social support, tuberous sclerosis, unemployment, validation process},
}

Paper  doi  bibtex   

@article{brakoulias_rates_2020,
	title = {The rates of co-occurring behavioural addictions in treatment-seeking individuals with obsessive-compulsive disorder: a preliminary report},
	volume = {24},
	issn = {13651501},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85078016820&doi=10.1080%2f13651501.2019.1711424&partnerID=40&md5=f7662be6edcfacc238a638b465092af8},
	doi = {10.1080/13651501.2019.1711424},
	language = {English},
	number = {2},
	journal = {International Journal of Psychiatry in Clinical Practice},
	author = {Brakoulias, V. and Starcevic, V. and Albert, U. and Arumugham, S.S. and Bailey, B.E. and Belloch, A. and Borda, T. and Dell’Osso, L. and Elias, J.A. and Falkenstein, M.J. and Ferrao, Y.A. and Fontenelle, L.F. and Jelinek, L. and Kay, B. and Lochner, C. and Maina, G. and Marazziti, D. and Matsunaga, H. and Miguel, E.C. and Morgado, P. and Pasquini, M. and Perez-Rivera, R. and Potluri, S. and Reddy, J.Y.C. and Riemann, B.C. and do Rosario, M.C. and Shavitt, R.G. and Stein, D.J. and Viswasam, K. and Fineberg, N.A.},
	year = {2020},
	note = {Publisher: Taylor and Francis Ltd},
	keywords = {Addictive, Adolescent, Adult, Argentina, Article, Australia, Behavior, Brazil, Comorbidity, Female, Gambling, Germany, Humans, India, Internet, Internet Addiction Disorder, Italy, Japan, Male, Mexico, Middle Aged, Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, Portugal, Sexual Behavior, South Africa, Spain, United Kingdom, United States, Video Games, Young Adult, addiction, adolescent, adult, behavioral addiction, clinical trial, comorbidity, compulsive buying, female, gambling, game addiction, help seeking behavior, human, internet addiction, major clinical study, male, middle aged, multicenter study, obsessive compulsive disorder, pathological gambling, priority journal, sexual behavior, video game, young adult},
	pages = {173--175},
}

Paper  doi  abstract   bibtex   

@article{gutierrez-galve_association_2019,
	title = {Association of {Maternal} and {Paternal} {Depression} in the {Postnatal} {Period} with {Offspring} {Depression} at {Age} 18 {Years}},
	volume = {76},
	issn = {2168622X},
	url = {https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamapsychiatry/fullarticle/2719453},
	doi = {10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2018.3667},
	abstract = {Importance: Paternal depression during the postnatal period has been associated with adverse child outcomes. Family environment has been reported as a pathway for risk transmission from fathers to children. The influence of paternal depression during the postnatal period on offspring depression remains to be clarified. Objective: To investigate the association between paternal depression in the postnatal period and offspring depression and explore potential mediating and moderating factors that influence any association between paternal and offspring depression. Design, Setting, and Participants: This prospective study of a UK community-based birth cohort (the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children) of parents and their adolescent offspring investigated associations between paternal depression during the postnatal period and offspring depression at age 18 years. We tested a hypothesized moderator (ie, sex) and conducted path analysis to examine hypothesized mediators (ie, depression in the other parent, couple conflict, and paternal involvement and emotional problems, conduct problems, and hyperactivity in offspring at age 3.5 years) of the associations between both paternal and maternal depression and offspring depression. Data collection for the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children began in 1991 and is ongoing. Data analysis for this study was conducted from June 2015 to September 2018. Exposures: Depression symptoms in fathers at 8 weeks after the birth of their children. Main Outcomes and Measures: Offspring depression symptoms at age 18 years, using International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, Tenth Revision codes. Results: A total of 3176 father-offspring pairs were analyzed; of the children, 1764 were girls (55.5\%) and 1412 (44.5\%) were boys. Paternal mean (SD) age at delivery was 29.6 (9.6) years. The offspring of fathers who had depression during the postnatal period were at increased risk of experiencing depression symptoms at age 18 years (β = 0.053 [95\% CI, 0.02-0.09]). The association is mediated by maternal depression at 8 months after birth (β = 0.011 [95\% CI, 0.0008-0.02]; 21\% [0.011/0.053]) and conduct problems at 42 months after birth (β = 0.004; [95\% CI, -0.00004 to 0.009]; 7.5\% [0.004/0.053]). Couple conflict and paternal involvement do not mediate this association. The increased risk is seen in girls but not boys (interaction β = 0.095; P =.01). Conclusions and Relevance: The association between paternal depression in the postnatal period and depression in girls at age 18 years is partially explained by maternal depression. Couple conflict and paternal involvement were not found to play a role in the risk of transmission; this contrasts with the role that couple conflict was found to play in the risk of childhood behavior problems. Conduct problems in childhood appear to be a pathway for risk transmission between paternal depression and subsequent depression in offspring at age 18 years..},
	number = {3},
	urldate = {2020-06-23},
	journal = {JAMA Psychiatry},
	author = {Gutierrez-Galve, Leticia and Stein, Alan and Hanington, Lucy and Heron, Jon and Lewis, Glyn and O'Farrelly, Christine and Ramchandani, Paul G.},
	month = mar,
	year = {2019},
	pmid = {30586134},
	note = {Publisher: American Medical Association},
	keywords = {adolescent, child, depression, maternal, depressive disorders, father, parental mental health},
	pages = {290--296},
}

Paper  doi  abstract   bibtex   

@article{costa_impact_2019,
	title = {The impact of intimate partner violence on forgone healthcare: a population-based, multicentre {European} study},
	volume = {29},
	issn = {1464-360X},
	url = {https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30169658},
	doi = {10.1093/eurpub/cky167},
	abstract = {BACKGROUND: To examine the relationship between forgone healthcare and involvement in intimate partner violence (IPV) as victims, perpetrators or both. METHODS: This cross-sectional multicentre study assessed community non-institutionalized residents (n = 3496, aged 18-64) randomly selected from six European cities: Athens, Budapest, London, Östersund, Porto, Stuttgart. A common questionnaire was used, including self-reports of IPV and forgone healthcare ('Have you been in need of a certain care service in the past year, but did not seek any help?'). Odds ratios (ORs), 95\% confidence intervals (CIs) were computed fitting logistic regression models adjusted for city, chronic disease, self-assessed health status and financial strain. RESULTS: Participants experiencing past year IPV (vs. no violence) reported more often to forgone healthcare (n = 3279, 18.6\% vs. 15.3\%, P = 0.016). IPV experienced as both a victim and perpetrator was associated with forgone healthcare (adjusted OR, 95\%CI: 1.32, 1.02-1.70). CONCLUSION: IPV was associated with forgone healthcare, particularly for those experiencing violence as both victims and perpetrators. Results suggest that preventing IPV among adults may improve timely healthcare uptake.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {2},
	journal = {European journal of public health},
	author = {Costa, Diogo and Hatzidimitriadou, Eleni and Ioannidi-Kapolo, Elli and Lindert, Jutta and Soares, Joaquim and Sundin, Örjan and Toth, Olga and Barros, Henrique},
	month = apr,
	year = {2019},
	keywords = {Adolescent, Adult, Cross-Sectional Studies, Europe, Female, Health Status, Humans, Intimate Partner Violence/*statistics \& numerical data, Male, Middle Aged, Patient Acceptance of Health Care/*statistics \& numerical data, Socioeconomic Factors, Spouse Abuse/statistics \& numerical data, Young Adult},
	pages = {359--364},
}

Website  abstract   bibtex   

@article{
 title = {Prevalence of iron deficiency in a South African adolescent inpatient psychiatric population: Rates, risk factors and recommendations},
 type = {article},
 year = {2019},
 identifiers = {[object Object]},
 keywords = {Adolescent,Anaemia,Iron deficiency,Psychiatric illness,Risk factors},
 pages = {6},
 volume = {25},
 websites = {https://sajp.org.za/index.php/sajp/article/view/1347,http://files/255/Plessis et al. - 2019 - Prevalence of iron deficiency in a South African a.pdf,http://files/256/1347.html},
 month = {8},
 day = {25},
 id = {c3b15105-b68a-3c56-bdcc-70bdbbad7a41},
 created = {2020-09-17T09:27:40.239Z},
 file_attached = {false},
 profile_id = {20f87055-ac78-3c65-9cf5-216a3558d16a},
 group_id = {14ca8526-77d5-34fd-89de-e48cae5e6ee2},
 last_modified = {2020-09-17T09:27:40.239Z},
 read = {false},
 starred = {false},
 authored = {false},
 confirmed = {true},
 hidden = {false},
 source_type = {JOUR},
 language = {en},
 private_publication = {false},
 abstract = {Background: Severe iron deficiency is associated with anaemia, but iron deficiency with normal haemoglobin (Hb) may also affect morbidity and quality of life and contribute to psychiatric illness onset and severity. Psychiatric presentations in adolescence are often indicative of serious long-term morbidity, and addressing contributing health risk factors, such as iron deficiency, is important.Objectives: To determine rates of iron deficiency in a South African inpatient adolescent psychiatric population and possible associations between psychiatric diagnosis and iron deficiency risk factors.Methods: We conducted a retrospective chart review of all adolescent patients (13–18 years old) who were admitted to the Adolescent Psychiatric Inpatient Unit at Tygerburg Hospital (Cape Town, South Africa) during 2016. Patient records were limited to those with haemoglobin and ferritin levels available, as well as a psychiatric disorder diagnosed according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. The final sample consisted of 93 patients.Results: Of all participants, 7.6% were anaemic, while 22.6% were iron deficient. We found 29% of our population to have anaemia in the absence of iron deficiency. Gender was the only statistically significant correlate, with adolescent females at particular risk of compromised iron status as indicated by a low ferritin level (45% of female sample).Conclusion: Iron deficiency rates remain a relevant health concern, and testing Hb alone is inadequate to assess iron status in this population. Ferritin is a necessary additional parameter and should be included in the usual medical workup.},
 bibtype = {article},
 author = {Plessis, Theonie du and Moxley, Karis and Lachman, Anusha},
 journal = {South African Journal of Psychiatry},
 number = {0}
}

@article{compton_cannabis_2019,
	title = {Cannabis use disorders among adults in the {United} {States} during a time of increasing use of cannabis},
	volume = {204},
	issn = {1879-0046 (Electronic) 0376-8716 (Print) 0376-8716 (Linking)},
	doi = {10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2019.05.008},
	abstract = {BACKGROUND: Using U.S. National Surveys on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH) data, researchers found that prevalence of cannabis use among adults increased in recent years, but prevalence of DSM-IV cannabis use disorder (CUD) was stable. Examining trends of all individual CUD criteria and of CUD severity may elucidate reasons for the lack of increases in CUD. METHODS: Data were from 749,500 persons aged 18 or older who participated in the 2002-2017 NSDUH. Descriptive analyses and logistic regressions were applied. RESULTS: Among adults during 2002-2017, past-year prevalence of DSM-IV CUD remained stable at 1.5\% to 1.4\%, but cannabis use increased from 10.4\% to 15.3\%, daily/near daily use increased from 1.9\% to 4.2\%, and mild DSM-5 CUD increased from 1.4\% to 1.9\%. Among adult cannabis users, past-year prevalence of DSM-IV CUD decreased from 14.8\% to 9.3\%, daily/near daily use increased from 18.0\% to 27.2\%, and DSM-5 moderate (4-5 criteria) and severe (6+ criteria) CUD decreased from 4.3\% to 3.1\% and from 2.4\% to 1.3\%, respectively. Examining trends in individual CUD criteria during 2002-2017 among adults overall revealed increases in two criteria (tolerance; spending a lot of time getting/using cannabis or getting over cannabis effects) and decreases/no changes in other criteria; among adult cannabis users, there was no change in one criterion (tolerance) and decreases in other criteria. CONCLUSIONS: DSM-5's single dimension CUD measure may be more sensitive to diagnosis prevalence changes than the separate DSM-IV cannabis dependence and abuse categories. Future diagnostic approaches to assessing CUD may benefit from quantitatively oriented criteria.},
	journal = {Drug Alcohol Depend},
	author = {Compton, W. M. and Han, B. and Jones, C. M. and Blanco, C.},
	month = nov,
	year = {2019},
	pmcid = {PMC7028308},
	keywords = {Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Cannabis use, Cannabis use disorder, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Diagnostic criteria for cannabis use disorder, Dsm-5, Dsm-iv, Female, Health Surveys/methods/*trends, Humans, Male, Marijuana Abuse/diagnosis/*epidemiology/psychology, Marijuana Smoking/*epidemiology/psychology/*trends, Middle Aged, United States/epidemiology, Young Adult},
	pages = {107468},
}

@article{sullivan_controlled_2018,
	title = {A {Controlled} {Pilot} {Trial} of {PainTracker} {Self}-{Manager}, a {Web}-{Based} {Platform} {Combined} {With} {Patient} {Coaching}, to {Support} {Patients}' {Self}-{Management} of {Chronic} {Pain}},
	volume = {19},
	issn = {1528-8447},
	doi = {10.1016/j.jpain.2018.03.009},
	abstract = {The objective of this study was to develop and pilot test a chronic pain empowerment and self-management platform, derived from acceptance and commitment therapy, in a pain specialty setting. A controlled, sequential, nonrandomized study design was used to accommodate intervention development and to test the efficacy of the PainTracker Self-Manager (PTSM) intervention (Web-based educational modules and outcome tracking combined with tailored patient coaching sessions and provider guidance). Generalized estimating equations evaluated changes over time (baseline, 3 months, 6 months) in pain self-efficacy (primary outcome), chronic pain acceptance (activity engagement and pain willingness), perceived efficacy in patient-provider interactions, pain intensity and interference, and overall satisfaction with pain treatment (secondary outcomes) between intervention (n = 48) and usual care control groups (n = 51). The full study sample (N = 99) showed greater improvements over time (significant Group × Time interactions) in pain self-efficacy and satisfaction with pain treatment. Among study completers (n = 82), greater improvement in activity engagement as well as pain intensity and interference were also observed. These preliminary findings support the efficacy of the PTSM intervention in a pain specialty setting. Further research is needed to refine and expand the PTSM intervention and to test it in a randomized trial in primary care settings.
PERSPECTIVE: We developed a Web-based patient empowerment platform that combined acceptance and commitment therapy-based educational modules and tailored coaching sessions with longitudinal tracking of treatments and patient-reported outcomes, named PTSM. Pilot controlled trial results provide preliminary support for its efficacy in improving pain self-efficacy, activity engagement, pain intensity and interference, and satisfaction with pain treatment.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {9},
	journal = {The Journal of Pain},
	author = {Sullivan, Mark and Langford, Dale J. and Davies, Pamela Stitzlein and Tran, Christine and Vilardaga, Roger and Cheung, Gifford and Yoo, Daisy and McReynolds, Justin and Lober, William B. and Tauben, David and Vowles, Kevin E.},
	month = sep,
	year = {2018},
	pmid = {29605691},
	pmcid = {PMC6119625},
	keywords = {Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, Acceptance and commitment therapy, Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Chronic Pain, Female, Humans, Internet, Male, Middle Aged, Pain Management, Patient Education as Topic, Patient Reported Outcome Measures, Pilot Projects, Self-Management, Young Adult, health coaching, patient empowerment, patient-reported outcomes},
	pages = {996--1005},
}

@article{koyama_serum_2017,
	title = {Serum ferritin level is a prognostic marker in patients with peripheral {T}-cell lymphoma},
	volume = {39},
	issn = {1751-553X},
	doi = {10.1111/ijlh.12592},
	abstract = {INTRODUCTION

The prognostic value of serum ferritin level in patients with peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL) remains unknown.


METHODS

We retrospectively analyzed clinical data from 78 consecutive patients with newly diagnosed PTCL that were treated with anthracycline-containing regimens between 1998 and 2011.


RESULTS

The patients consisted of 50 males and 28 females with a median age of 64 years (range, 16-83 years). The subtypes of PTCL were 39 PTCL, not otherwise specified and 39 angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL). The median observation period for the surviving patients was 50 months. The overall survival (OS) was poorer in patients with serum ferritin level above the upper normal limit (n = 28), compared with patients with serum ferritin level within normal range (n = 50; 4-year OS: 23\% vs. 72\%; P {\textless} 0.001). In the multivariate analysis, poor performance status (P = 0.006) and elevated serum ferritin level (P = 0.018) were independent risk factors for poor OS.


CONCLUSION

Serum ferritin level is a useful prognostic marker for PTCL.},
	number = {1},
	journal = {International journal of laboratory hematology},
	author = {Koyama, S and Fujisawa, S and Watanabe, R and Itabashi, M and Ishibashi, D and Ishii, Y and Hattori, Y and Nakajima, Y and Motohashi, K and Takasaki, H and Kawasaki, R and Hashimoto, C and Yamazaki, E and Koharazawa, H and Takemura, S and Tomita, N and Sakai, R and Motomura, S and Nakajima, H},
	month = feb,
	year = {2017},
	pmid = {27885817},
	keywords = {Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Anthracyclines, Disease-Free Survival, Female, Ferritins, Humans, Lymphoma, T-Cell, Peripheral, Male, Middle Aged, Retrospective Studies, Survival Rate},
	pages = {112--117}
}

Paper  abstract   bibtex   

@article{correa-selm_use_2017,
	title = {Use of {Biologics} in {Private} {Practice}: {Nine} {Years} of {Lessons} and {Learning}},
	volume = {16},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	issn = {1545-9616 (Print) 1545-9616 (Linking)},
	url = {https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28301616},
	abstract = {{\textless}p{\textgreater}Over a decade ago, the FDA approved biologics for psoriasis, which changed how the disease is treated and, in most cases, has a significant positive impact on the lives of patients. Side effects primarily identified during the investigational and research phase led to the development of specific guidelines for treatment. The treatment guidelines have been amended to incorporate better understandings of side-effects over the years that the disease has been treated. In this study, we focused on a chart review that included assessing the current guidelines and their alignment with modern patient management and the recent side effects presented. This life-cycle evaluation included over 100 patients, management of their treatment, laboratory abnormalities, criteria for choosing or changing to a different biologic, and the effects of the treatments management throughout the years. The review identified some recommended changes in the application and treatment of psoriasis with biologics. To further evidence our findings, we hope to expand this study to a larger scale with more patients.{\textless}/p{\textgreater} {\textless}p{\textgreater}{\textless}em{\textgreater}J Drugs Dermatol. 2017;16(3):215-217.{\textless}/em{\textgreater}{\textless}/p{\textgreater}.},
	number = {3},
	journal = {J Drugs Dermatol},
	author = {Correa-Selm, L. M. and Alamgir, M. and Rao, B. K.},
	month = mar,
	year = {2017},
	keywords = {Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Biological Products/administration \& dosage/adverse effects/*therapeutic use, Child, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Practice Guidelines as Topic, Private Practice/*trends, Psoriasis/blood/*drug therapy, Quality of Life, Retrospective Studies, Severity of Illness Index, Young Adult},
	pages = {215--217},
}

@article{engels_cancer-attributable_2017,
	title = {Cancer-{Attributable} {Mortality} {Among} {People} {With} {Treated} {Human} {Immunodeficiency} {Virus} {Infection} in {North} {America}},
	volume = {65},
	issn = {1537-6591},
	doi = {10.1093/cid/cix392},
	abstract = {Background: Cancer remains an important cause of morbidity and mortality in people with human immunodeficiency virus (PWHIV) on effective antiretroviral therapy (ART). Estimates of cancer-attributable mortality can inform public health efforts.
Methods: We evaluated 46956 PWHIV receiving ART in North American HIV cohorts (1995-2009). Using information on incident cancers and deaths, we calculated population-attributable fractions (PAFs), estimating the proportion of deaths due to cancer. Calculations were based on proportional hazards models adjusted for age, sex, race, HIV risk group, calendar year, cohort, CD4 count, and viral load.
Results: There were 1997 incident cancers and 8956 deaths during 267145 person-years of follow-up, and 11.9\% of decedents had a prior cancer. An estimated 9.8\% of deaths were attributable to cancer (cancer-attributable mortality rate 327 per 100000 person-years). PAFs were 2.6\% for AIDS-defining cancers (ADCs, including non-Hodgkin lymphoma, 2.0\% of deaths) and 7.1\% for non-AIDS-defining cancers (NADCs: lung cancer, 2.3\%; liver cancer, 0.9\%). PAFs for NADCs were higher in males and increased strongly with age, reaching 12.5\% in PWHIV aged 55+ years. Mortality rates attributable to ADCs and NADCs were highest for PWHIV with CD4 counts {\textless}100 cells/mm3. PAFs for NADCs increased during 1995-2009, reaching 10.1\% in 2006-2009.
Conclusions: Approximately 10\% of deaths in PWHIV prescribed ART during 1995-2009 were attributable to cancer, but this fraction increased over time. A large proportion of cancer-attributable deaths were associated with non-Hodgkin lymphoma, lung cancer, and liver cancer. Deaths due to NADCs will likely grow in importance as AIDS mortality declines and PWHIV age.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {4},
	journal = {Clinical Infectious Diseases: An Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America},
	author = {Engels, Eric A. and Yanik, Elizabeth L. and Wheeler, Willian and Gill, M. John and Shiels, Meredith S. and Dubrow, Robert and Althoff, Keri N. and Silverberg, Michael J. and Brooks, John T. and Kitahata, Mari M. and Goedert, James J. and Grover, Surbhi and Mayor, Angel M. and Moore, Richard D. and Park, Lesley S. and Rachlis, Anita and Sigel, Keith and Sterling, Timothy R. and Thorne, Jennifer E. and Pfeiffer, Ruth M. and {North American AIDS Cohort Collaboration on Research and
                    Design of the International Epidemiologic Databases to Evaluate AIDS} and {North American AIDS Cohort Collaboration on Research and Design
                    of the International Epidemiologic Databases to Evaluate AIDS}},
	month = aug,
	year = {2017},
	pmid = {29017269},
	pmcid = {PMC5849088},
	keywords = {AIDS, Adolescent, Adult, CD4 Lymphocyte Count, Female, HIV, HIV Infections, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Neoplasms, North America, Proportional Hazards Models, Retrospective Studies, Viral Load, Young Adult, aging, cancer, mortality},
	pages = {636--643},
}

Paper  abstract   bibtex   

@misc{kim_e.s._teduglutide:_2017,
	title = {Teduglutide: {A} {Review} in {Short} {Bowel} {Syndrome}},
	url = {http://rd.springer.com/journal/40265},
	abstract = {Subcutaneous teduglutide (Revestive), a glucagon-like peptide-2 analogue that increases intestinal absorption, is approved in the EU for the treatment of short bowel syndrome (SBS) in patients aged {\textgreater}1 year who are stable following a period of postsurgical intestinal adaptation. In a phase III trial in adults with SBS intestinal failure (IF) dependent on parenteral support (PS), a significantly greater proportion of teduglutide 0.05 mg/kg/day than placebo recipients achieved a {\textgreater}20\% reduction in weekly PS volume from baseline to week 20 and maintained it to week 24. The proportion of patients who had a reduction in one or more days on PS was also significant with teduglutide compared with placebo. Improved intestinal absorption and reduced PS requirements were generally maintained in the longer term. Results from a phase III trial in paediatric patients with SBS-IF dependent on PS were consistent with those in adults. Adverse events were mostly of mild to moderate severity and generally consistent with the underlying condition or known mechanism of the drug (e.g. central line-related issues, gastrointestinal events). Teduglutide is therefore a useful treatment option in children (aged {\textgreater}1 year), adolescents and adults with SBS. Copyright © 2017, Springer International Publishing Switzerland. All Right Reserved.},
	journal = {Drugs},
	author = {{Kim E.S.} and {Keam S.J.}},
	year = {2017},
	keywords = {*short bowel syndrome, *short bowel syndrome/dt [Drug Therapy], *short bowel syndrome/th [Therapy], *teduglutide, *teduglutide/ae [Adverse Drug Reaction], *teduglutide/dt [Drug Therapy], *teduglutide/pd [Pharmacology], *teduglutide/pk [Pharmacokinetics], *teduglutide/sc [Subcutaneous Drug Administration], Child, Parenteral nutrition, abdominal distension/si [Side Effect], acute cholecystitis/si [Side Effect], adolescent, adult, adverse drug reaction, article, catheter infection/co [Complication], central venous catheter, central venous catheter/am [Adverse Device Effect], clinical study, clinical trial, controlled clinical trial, controlled study, decreased appetite/si [Side Effect], disease severity, drug efficacy, drug therapy, drug tolerability, gastrointestinal dysplasia/si [Side Effect], gastrointestinal polyposis/si [Side Effect], gastrointestinal symptom/si [Side Effect], gastrointestinal tract, gastrointestinal tumor/si [Side Effect], human, infant, influenza/si [Side Effect], injection site erythema/si [Side Effect], intestinal failure, intestine absorption, intestine polyp/si [Side Effect], intestine stenosis/si [Side Effect], multicenter study (topic), nonhuman, peripheral edema/si [Side Effect], pharmacodynamic parameters, phase 3 clinical trial, phase 3 clinical trial (topic), placebo, recipient, rectum polyp/si [Side Effect], rhinopharyngitis/si [Side Effect], sepsis/co [Complication], short bowel syndrome/dt [Drug Therapy], side effect, stomach adenoma/si [Side Effect], systematic review, upper abdominal pain/si [Side Effect]}
}

Paper  abstract   bibtex   

@misc{soares_s.m.f._effects_2017,
	title = {The effects of tracheal tube cuffs filled with air, saline or alkalinised lidocaine on haemodynamic changes and laryngotracheal morbidity in children: a randomised, controlled trial},
	url = {http://www.interscience.wiley.com/jpages/0003-2409},
	abstract = {We studied the effects of tracheal tube cuffs filled with air, saline or alkalinised lidocaine on haemodynamic changes during tracheal extubation and postoperative laryngotracheal morbidity in children. We randomly allocated 164 children aged 3-13 years undergoing general anaesthesia to one of four groups; tracheal tube cuffs filled with air (n = 41); saline (n = 41); alkalinised lidocaine 0.5\% (n = 41); or alkalinised lidocaine 1\% (n = 41). Intracuff pressure was monitored and maintained below 20 cmH2O. The mean (SD) increases in systolic blood pressure after tracheal extubation compared with before extubation were 10.9 (10.8) mmHg, 7.3 (17.7) mmHg, 4.1 (10.5) mmHg and 1.9 (9.5) mmHg in the air, saline, 0.5\% and 1\% alkalinised lidocaine groups, respectively (p = 0.021). The mean (SD) increases in diastolic blood pressure after tracheal extubation compared with before extubation were 3.9 (9.7) mmHg, 7.9 (14.6) mmHg, 0.7 (10.4) mmHg and 3.6 (6.9) mmHg in the air, saline, 0.5\% and 1\% alkalinised lidocaine groups, respectively (p = 0.019). The mean (SD) increases in heart rate after tracheal extubation compared with before extubation were 14.2 (7.6) beats.min-1, 15.5 (13.1) beats.min-1, 5.2 (9.6) beats.min-1 and 4.1 (6.6) beats.min-1 in the air, saline, 0.5\% and 1\% alkalinised lidocaine groups, respectively (p {\textless} 0.001). The incidence of sore throat 8 h after tracheal extubation was 22.0\% in the air-filled group, 9.8\% in the saline group, 4.9\% in the 0.5\% alkalinised lidocaine group and 2.4\% in the 1\% alkalinised lidocaine group, p = 0.015. We conclude that filling the tracheal tube cuff with alkalinised lidocaine-filled reduces the haemodynamic response to tracheal extubation and postoperative laryngotracheal morbidity in children. Copyright © 2016 The Association of Anaesthetists of Great Britain and Ireland},
	journal = {Anaesthesia},
	author = {{Soares S.M.F.} and {Arantes V.M.} and {Modolo M.P.} and {dos Santos V.J.B.} and {Vane L.A.} and {Navarro e Lima L.H.} and {Braz L.G.} and {do Nascimento P.} and {Modolo N.S.P.}},
	year = {2017},
	keywords = {*air, *childhood mortality, *diastolic blood pressure, *endotracheal tube, *endotracheal tube cuff, *lidocaine, *lung hemodynamics, *morbidity, *pediatrics, *pneumatic cuff, *respiration control, *sodium chloride, *sore throat, Child, adolescent, alfentanil, anesthesia induction, article, atropine, controlled clinical trial, controlled study, diastolic blood pressure, dipyrone, extubation, female, fentanyl, general anesthesia, heart rate, human, major clinical study, male, neostigmine, ondansetron, postoperative analgesia, preschool child, pressure measurement, propofol, randomized controlled trial, rocuronium, sevoflurane, sore throat/co [Complication], surgery, systolic blood pressure, tramadol}
}

@article{kiadaliri_absolute_2016,
	title = {Absolute and relative educational inequalities in obesity among adults in {Tehran}: {Findings} from the {Urban} {HEART} {Study}-2.},
	volume = {10 Suppl 1},
	issn = {1871-403X},
	shorttitle = {Absolute and relative educational inequalities in obesity among adults in {Tehran}},
	doi = {10.1016/j.orcp.2015.05.002},
	abstract = {BACKGROUND: The prevalence of obesity is increasing in Iran. Previous studies showed mixed results in relation to association between socioeconomic status and obesity in the country. The current study aimed to examine educational inequalities among adults in Tehran in 2011.
METHOD: Data on 90,435 persons 18 years and older from Urban Health Equity Assessment and Response Tool (Urban HEART-2) were analyzed. The Slope Index of Inequality (SII) and the Relative Index of Inequality (RII) were used for assessing educational inequalities in obesity. These measures were quantified using generalized linear models for the binomial family adjusted for sex and age. Subgroup analysis was conducted across sex, age groups and the 22 districts of Tehran.
RESULTS: Both SII and RII showed substantial educational inequalities in obesity in favour of more educated adults [RII and SII (95\% CI were equal to 2.91 (2.71-3.11) and 0.12 (0.12-0.13)), respectively]. These educational inequalities were persistent even after adjusting for employment, marital status and smoking. Subgroup analysis revealed that educational inequalities were more profound among women. While among men educational inequalities were generally increasing with age, an inverse trend was observed among women. Educational inequalities were observed within all 22 districts of Tehran and generally there were no statistically significant differences between districts.
CONCLUSION: An inverse association between education and obesity was observed in the current study. To decrease educational inequalities in Tehran, priority should be given to younger women and older men. Further analyses are needed to explain these inequalities.},
	language = {eng},
	journal = {Obesity Research \& Clinical Practice},
	author = {Kiadaliri, Aliasghar A. and Asadi-Lari, Mohsen and Kalantari, Naser and Jafari, Mehdi and Vaez Mahdavi, Mohammad Reza and Faghihzadeh, Soghrat},
	month = sep,
	year = {2016},
	pmid = {26003304},
	keywords = {Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Educational Status, Educational inequality, Female, Generalized linear model, Humans, Iran, Male, Middle Aged, Obesity, Sex Factors, Social Class, Socioeconomic Factors, Urban-HEART, Young Adult},
	pages = {S57--S63},
}

@article{mitchell_physical_2016,
	title = {Physical {Activity} {Benefits} the {Skeleton} of {Children} {Genetically} {Predisposed} to {Lower} {Bone} {Density} in {Adulthood}},
	volume = {31},
	issn = {1523-4681},
	doi = {10.1002/jbmr.2872},
	abstract = {Both genetics and physical activity (PA) contribute to bone mineral density (BMD), but it is unknown if the benefits of physical activity on childhood bone accretion depend on genetic risk. We, therefore, aimed to determine if PA influenced the effect of bone fragility genetic variants on BMD in childhood. Our sample comprised US children of European ancestry enrolled in the Bone Mineral Density in Childhood Study (N = 918, aged 5 to 19 years, and 52.4\% female). We used a questionnaire to estimate hours per day spent in total, high-, and low-impact PA. We calculated a BMD genetic score (\% BMD lowering alleles) using adult genome-wide association study (GWAS)-implicated BMD variants. We used dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry to estimate femoral neck, total hip, and spine areal-BMD and total body less head (TBLH) bone mineral content (BMC) Z-scores. The BMD genetic score was negatively associated with each bone Z-score (eg, TBLH-BMC: estimate = -0.03, p = 1.3 × 10(-6) ). Total PA was positively associated with bone Z-scores; these associations were driven by time spent in high-impact PA (eg, TBLH-BMC: estimate = 0.05, p = 4.0 × 10(-10) ) and were observed even for children with lower than average bone Z-scores. We found no evidence of PA-adult genetic score interactions (p interaction {\textgreater} 0.05) at any skeletal site, and there was no evidence of PA-genetic score-Tanner stage interactions at any skeletal site (p interaction {\textgreater} 0.05). However, exploratory analyses at the individual variant level revealed that PA statistically interacted with rs2887571 (ERC1/WNT5B) to influence TBLH-BMC in males (p interaction = 7.1 × 10(-5) ), where PA was associated with higher TBLH-BMC Z-score among the BMD-lowering allele carriers (rs2887571 AA homozygotes: estimate = 0.08 [95\% CI 0.06, 0.11], p = 2.7 × 10(-9) ). In conclusion, the beneficial effect of PA on bone, especially high-impact PA, applies to the average child and those genetically predisposed to lower adult BMD (based on GWAS-implicated BMD variants). Independent replication of our exploratory individual variant findings is warranted. © 2016 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {8},
	journal = {Journal of Bone and Mineral Research: The Official Journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research},
	author = {Mitchell, Jonathan A. and Chesi, Alessandra and Elci, Okan and McCormack, Shana E. and Roy, Sani M. and Kalkwarf, Heidi J. and Lappe, Joan M. and Gilsanz, Vicente and Oberfield, Sharon E. and Shepherd, John A. and Kelly, Andrea and Grant, Struan Fa and Zemel, Babette S.},
	year = {2016},
	pmid = {27172274},
	pmcid = {PMC4970901},
	keywords = {Adolescent, Adult, BONE MINERAL DENSITY, Bone Density, Bone and Bones, CHILDREN, Child, Cohort Studies, EXERCISE, Exercise, Female, GENETIC, Genetic Loci, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Humans, Male, PHYSICAL ACTIVITY, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Risk Factors},
	pages = {1504--1512}
}

@article {1422,
	title = {An update on anxiety in youth with autism spectrum disorders.},
	journal = {Current Opinion in Psychiatry},
	volume = {28},
	year = {2015},
	month = {2015 Mar},
	pages = {83-90},
	abstract = {<p><b>PURPOSE OF REVIEW: </b>Anxiety is one of the most common co-occurring psychiatric conditions in youth with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). This article reviews recent evidence as well as earlier relevant studies regarding the characteristics, assessment, and treatment of anxiety in youth with ASD.</p><p><b>RECENT FINDINGS: </b>It is well established that the prevalence of anxiety in youth with an ASD is significantly greater than the prevalence of anxiety in the general population. Recent studies have highlighted the importance of informant, method, and instrument when measuring anxiety in this population. Despite the high prevalence, findings to date have been unable to identify any consistent risk factors for anxiety. New psychological treatments, including modified cognitive behavioral therapy for youth with high functioning ASD and co-occurring anxiety, are emerging. Pharmacological data, however, are scant. Existing studies show that youth with ASD are at increased risk for behavioral activation when taking SSRIs.</p><p><b>SUMMARY: </b>Clinicians working with youth with ASD are encouraged to routinely screen for anxiety. Until further data are available, clinical judgment is needed when prescribing treatments, particularly selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, which require close monitoring of side-effects. Research on risk factors, pathophysiology, and treatment of this condition is needed.</p>},
	keywords = {Adolescent, Anxiety, Child, Child Development Disorders, Pervasive, Humans},
	issn = {1473-6578},
	doi = {10.1097/YCO.0000000000000133},
	author = {Roma A. Vasa and Micah O Mazurek}
}

@article{short_anthropometric_2015,
	title = {Anthropometric models of bone mineral content and areal bone mineral density based on the bone mineral density in childhood study},
	volume = {26},
	issn = {1433-2965},
	doi = {10.1007/s00198-014-2916-x},
	abstract = {New models describing anthropometrically adjusted normal values of bone mineral density and content in children have been created for the various measurement sites. The inclusion of multiple explanatory variables in the models provides the opportunity to calculate Z-scores that are adjusted with respect to the relevant anthropometric parameters.
INTRODUCTION: Previous descriptions of children's bone mineral measurements by age have focused on segmenting diverse populations by race and sex without adjusting for anthropometric variables or have included the effects of a single anthropometric variable.
METHODS: We applied multivariate semi-metric smoothing to the various pediatric bone-measurement sites using data from the Bone Mineral Density in Childhood Study to evaluate which of sex, race, age, height, weight, percent body fat, and sexual maturity explain variations in the population's bone mineral values. By balancing high adjusted R(2) values with clinical needs, two models are examined.
RESULTS: At the spine, whole body, whole body sub head, total hip, hip neck, and forearm sites, models were created using sex, race, age, height, and weight as well as an additional set of models containing these anthropometric variables and percent body fat. For bone mineral density, weight is more important than percent body fat, which is more important than height. For bone mineral content, the order varied by site with body fat being the weakest component. Including more anthropometrics in the model reduces the overlap of the critical groups, identified as those individuals with a Z-score below -2, from the standard sex, race, and age model.
CONCLUSIONS: If body fat is not available, the simpler model including height and weight should be used. The inclusion of multiple explanatory variables in the models provides the opportunity to calculate Z-scores that are adjusted with respect to the relevant anthropometric parameters.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {3},
	journal = {Osteoporosis international: a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA},
	author = {Short, D. F. and Gilsanz, V. and Kalkwarf, H. J. and Lappe, J. M. and Oberfield, S. and Shepherd, J. A. and Winer, K. K. and Zemel, B. S. and Hangartner, T. N.},
	month = mar,
	year = {2015},
	pmid = {25311106},
	pmcid = {PMC4768717},
	keywords = {Absorptiometry, Photon, Adipose Tissue, Adolescent, Age Factors, Algorithms, Anthropometry, Body Height, Body Weight, Bone Density, Bone and Bones, Child, Child, Preschool, Continental Population Groups, Female, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Models, Theoretical, Sex Factors, Young Adult},
	pages = {1099--1108}
}

Paper  doi  bibtex   

@article{rousseaux_j_the_2015,
title = {The n-3 long-chain PUFAs modulate the impact of the GCKR Pro446Leu polymorphism on triglycerides in adolescents},
volume = {56},
issn = {0022-2275},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26136510},
DOI = {10.1194/jlr.M057570},
Language = {English},
Journal = {J. Lipid Res.},
author = {{Rousseaux J} and {Duhamel A} and {Dumont J} and {Dallongeville J} and {Molnar D} and {Widhalm K} and {Manios Y} and {Sjostrom M} and {Kafatos A} and {Breidenassel C} and {Gonzalez-Gross M} and {Cuenca-Garcia M} and {Censi L} and {Ascension M} and {De Henauw S} and {Moreno LA} and {Meirhaeghe A} and {Gottrand F}},
year = {2015},
keywords = {Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/genetics*, Adolescent, Fatty Acids, Omega-3/administration & dosage, Fatty Acids, Omega-3/genetics, Female, Genetic Association Studies, Glucose/metabolism, Humans, Lipid Metabolism/genetics, Male, Metabolic Syndrome/diet therapy*, Metabolic Syndrome/genetics*, Metabolic Syndrome/pathology, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Triglycerides/genetics*, Triglycerides/metabolism},
pages = {1774-1780}
}

Paper  abstract   bibtex   

@misc{plambech_m.z._dexmedetomidine_2015,
	title = {Dexmedetomidine in the pediatric population: {A} review},
	url = {http://www.minervamedica.it/en/getpdf/sbNvoPlJhvv6bbyfsqY76tEZcB64PRPRZhQ7XFLHe60Q6OIPvcRxmU6QbTTdsDC59xcyai%252BPQuY95g446wPjIA%253D%253D/R02Y2015N03A0320.pdf},
	abstract = {Dexmedetomidine, an alpha-2 agonist approved only for sedation in adult intensive care patients, is increasingly used off-label in- and outside Europe in the pediatric setting for various indications such as to prevent agitation, as premedication in the form of intranasal, buccal and oral solution, as adjunct for elective surgery, as sedative for magnetic resonance imaging, as intraoperative analgesia, for extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy, and as adjuvant to ropi- and bupivacaine for nerve blocks. Dexmedetomidine is also used intravenously at different intensive care units with the purpose of sedation of children. In this paper, we assess 51 minor trials in the form of 44 randomized controlled trials and 7 prospective observational studies in an attempt to update the available evidence on dexmedetomidine use in pediatrics. Furthermore, we discuss its potential indications, benefits and adverse effects. However, it is important to state that much of the existing evidence favoring dexmedetomidine in children is either extrapolated from adult studies or based on small randomized controlled trials and observational studies with their inherent methodological shortcomings and confounding factors. Based on the best current evidence dexmedetomidine is found suitable and safe for various indications. However, in order to discover its full potential, indications, dosing and safety profile for various ages and procedures, it should urgently be examined by conducting good quality pediatric trials. Finally, we provide the readers with guidance on how to apply and dose dexmedetomidine for pediatric sedation and for other indications. Copyright COPYRIGHT © 2015 EDIZIONI MINERVA MEDICA.},
	journal = {Minerva Anestesiologica},
	author = {{Plambech M.Z.} and {Afshari A.}},
	year = {2015},
	keywords = {*anesthesia, *child, *deep sedation, *dexmedetomidine, *dexmedetomidine/ae [Adverse Drug Reaction], *dexmedetomidine/ct [Clinical Trial], *dexmedetomidine/na [Intranasal Drug Administration], *human, *pediatrics, *population, Child, Europe, adjuvant, adolescent, adult, adverse drug reaction, agitation, agonist, analgesia, article, bupivacaine, cardiovascular effect, clinical protocol, elective surgery, extracorporeal lithotripsy, human, infant, intensive care, intensive care unit, intranasal drug administration, intraoperative analgesia, intraoperative period, meta analysis (topic), nerve block, newborn, nuclear magnetic resonance imaging, observational study, patient, pediatrics, perioperative period, phase 1 clinical trial (topic), premedication, procedures, randomized controlled trial (topic), reading, safety, sedation, sedative agent, side effect/si [Side Effect], systematic review (topic)}
}

@article{gawri_link_2014,
	title = {Link {N} is cleaved by human annulus fibrosus cells generating a fragment with retained biological activity},
	volume = {32},
	issn = {1554-527X},
	doi = {10.1002/jor.22653},
	abstract = {Presently, there are no established treatments to prevent, stop or even retard back pain arising from disc degeneration. Previous studies have shown that Link N can act as a growth factor and stimulate the synthesis of proteoglycans and collagens, in IVD. However, the sequences in Link N involved in modulating cellular activity are not well understood. To determine if disc cells can proteolytically process Link N, human disc cells were exposed to native Link N over a 48 h period and mass spectrometric analysis revealed that a peptide spanning residues 1-8 was generated in the presence of AF cells but not NP cells. Link N 1-8 significantly induced proteoglycan production in the presence of IL-1β NP and AF cells, confirming that the biological effect is maintained in the first 8 amino acids of the peptide and indicating that the effect is sustained in an inflammatory environment. Thus Link-N 1-8 could be a promising candidate for biologically induced disc repair, and the identification of such a stable specific peptide may facilitate the design of compounds to promote disc repair and provide alternatives to surgical intervention for early stage disc degeneration.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {9},
	journal = {Journal of Orthopaedic Research: Official Publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society},
	author = {Gawri, Rahul and Ouellet, Jean and Önnerfjord, Patrik and Alkhatib, Bashar and Steffen, Thomas and Heinegård, Dick and Roughley, Peter and Antoniou, John and Mwale, Fackson and Haglund, Lisbet},
	month = sep,
	year = {2014},
	pmid = {24861010},
	keywords = {Adolescent, Adult, Amino Acid Sequence, Animals, Biological Factors, Cattle, Cells, Cultured, Collagen, Female, Humans, IVD degeneration and regeneration, Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins, Intervertebral Disc, Intervertebral Disc Degeneration, Link N, Lumbar Vertebrae, Male, Middle Aged, Molecular Sequence Data, Peptide Fragments, Proteoglycans, Regeneration, Thoracic Vertebrae, Young Adult, biological repair, organ culture},
	pages = {1189--1197},
}

Paper  doi  abstract   bibtex   

@article{johnson_growing_2014,
	title = {Growing up after extremely preterm birth: {Lifespan} mental health outcomes},
	volume = {19},
	issn = {1744165X},
	url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24290907},
	doi = {10.1016/j.siny.2013.11.004},
	abstract = {There is growing interest in the long-term mental health sequelae of extremely preterm birth. In this paper we review literature relating to mental health outcomes across the lifespan. Studies conducted in the preschool years, school age and adolescence, and adulthood show continuity in outcomes and point to an increased risk for inattention, socio-communicative problems and emotional difficulties in individuals born extremely preterm. Both behavioural and neuroimaging studies also provide evidence of a neurodevelopmental origin for mental health disorders in this population. Here we summarise contemporary evidence and highlight key methodological considerations for carrying out and interpreting studies in this field.},
	number = {2},
	urldate = {2015-03-11},
	journal = {Seminars in Fetal and Neonatal Medicine},
	author = {Johnson, Samantha and Marlow, Neil},
	month = apr,
	year = {2014},
	pmid = {24290907},
	keywords = {Adolescent, Adult, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity: dia, Child, Child Behavior Disorders, Child Behavior Disorders: diagnosis, Child, Preschool, Developmental Disabilities, Developmental Disabilities: diagnosis, Humans, Infant, Extremely Premature, Infant, Newborn, Mental Health, Risk Factors},
	pages = {97--104},
}

@article{wiwatanadate_acute_2014,
	title = {Acute air pollution-related symptoms among residents in {Chiang} {Mai}, {Thailand}},
	volume = {76},
	issn = {0022-0892},
	abstract = {Open burnings (forest fires, agricultural, and garbage burnings) are the major sources of air pollution in Chiang Mai, Thailand. A time series prospective study was conducted in which 3025 participants were interviewed for 19 acute symptoms with the daily records of ambient air pollutants: particulate matter less than 10 microm in size (PM10), carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), sulfur dioxide (SO2), and ozone (O3). PM10 was positively associated with blurred vision with an adjusted odds ratio (OR) of 1.009. CO was positively associated with lower lung and heart symptoms with adjusted ORs of 1.137 and 1.117. NO2 was positively associated with nosebleed, larynx symptoms, dry cough, lower lung symptoms, heart symptoms, and eye irritation with the range of adjusted ORs (ROAORs) of 1.024 to 1.229. SO2 was positively associated with swelling feet, skin symptoms, eye irritation, red eyes, and blurred vision with ROAORs of 1.205 to 2.948. Conversely, O3 was negatively related to running nose, burning nose, dry cough, body rash, red eyes, and blurred vision with ROAORs of 0.891 to 0.979.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {6},
	journal = {Journal of Environmental Health},
	author = {Wiwatanadate, Phongtape},
	month = feb,
	year = {2014},
	pmid = {24645417},
	note = {00003 },
	keywords = {Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Air Pollutants, Air Pollution, Environmental Exposure, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Odds Ratio, Particulate Matter, Prospective Studies, Respiration Disorders, Thailand, Weather},
	pages = {76--84}
}

@article{burgoyne_characterizing_2014,
	title = {Characterizing the ultrastructure of primary ciliary dyskinesia transposition defect using electron tomography},
	volume = {71},
	issn = {1949-3592},
	doi = {10.1002/cm.21171},
	abstract = {Primary ciliary dyskinesia is an autosomal recessive disorder affecting the motility of cilia. There are a range of ultrastructural ciliary defects that lead to associated clinical symptoms including ineffective mucus clearance, reduced lung function, infertility, and left-right isomerism. Mutations in radial spoke head proteins are a known cause of primary ciliary dyskinesia. Ultrastructually these defects are identified by a portion of cilia lacking a central pair and transposed outer microtubular doublets. We have repeatedly observed an intermittent loss of the central pair in patients with a transposition defect. To further understand the central pair changes in these radial spoke head mutations we employ electron tomography, a high resolution electron microscope technique, to elucidate in three dimensions the ultrastructural arrangements caused by mutation of the RSPH4A gene. We thereby provide an explanation of the structures observed by conventional electron microscopy studies. We demonstrate that the central pair can be present within the cilium. In some cilia, the central pair rotates at the base of the axoneme. We propose that it is this rotation that gives rise to an intermittent appearance of the central pair when viewed under conventional electron microscopy. We discuss the potential causes and consequences of these findings. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {5},
	journal = {Cytoskeleton (Hoboken, N.J.)},
	author = {Burgoyne, Thomas and Lewis, Amy and Dewar, Ann and Luther, Pradeep and Hogg, Claire and Shoemark, Amelia and Dixon, Mellisa},
	month = may,
	year = {2014},
	pmid = {24616277},
	keywords = {Adolescent, Child, Child, Preschool, Cilia, Electron Microscope Tomography, Female, Humans, Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted, Kartagener Syndrome, Male, Microtubules, Young Adult, central pair, cilia, radial spoke head, respiratory, tomogram},
	pages = {294--301}
}

Paper  doi  abstract   bibtex   

@article{poil_age_2014,
	title = {Age dependent electroencephalographic changes in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder ({ADHD}).},
	volume = {125},
	issn = {1872-8952},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1388245714000509},
	doi = {10.1016/j.clinph.2013.12.118},
	abstract = {OBJECTIVE: Objective biomarkers for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) could improve diagnostics or treatment monitoring of this psychiatric disorder. The resting electroencephalogram (EEG) provides non-invasive spectral markers of brain function and development. Their accuracy as ADHD markers is increasingly questioned but may improve with pattern classification.

METHODS: This study provides an integrated analysis of ADHD and developmental effects in children and adults using regression analysis and support vector machine classification of spectral resting (eyes-closed) EEG biomarkers in order to clarify their diagnostic value.

RESULTS: ADHD effects on EEG strongly depend on age and frequency. We observed typical non-linear developmental decreases in delta and theta power for both ADHD and control groups. However, for ADHD adults we found a slowing in alpha frequency combined with a higher power in alpha-1 (8-10Hz) and beta (13-30Hz). Support vector machine classification of ADHD adults versus controls yielded a notable cross validated sensitivity of 67\% and specificity of 83\% using power and central frequency from all frequency bands. ADHD children were not classified convincingly with these markers.

CONCLUSIONS: Resting state electrophysiology is altered in ADHD, and these electrophysiological impairments persist into adulthood.

SIGNIFICANCE: Spectral biomarkers may have both diagnostic and prognostic value.},
	number = {8},
	urldate = {2015-03-26},
	journal = {Clinical neurophysiology},
	author = {Poil, S-S and Bollmann, S and Ghisleni, C and O'Gorman, R L and Klaver, P and Ball, J and Eich-Höchli, D and Brandeis, D and Michels, L},
	month = aug,
	year = {2014},
	pmid = {24582383},
	keywords = {Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aging, Aging: physiology, Attention, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity: dia, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity: phy, Child, Electroencephalography, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Prognosis, Regression Analysis, Rest, Rest: physiology, Sensitivity and Specificity, Support Vector Machines, Young Adult},
	pages = {1626--38},
}

@article{fisher_fatal_2014,
	title = {Fatal unintentional non-fire-related carbon monoxide poisoning: {England} and {Wales}, 1979-2012},
	volume = {52},
	issn = {1556-9519},
	shorttitle = {Fatal unintentional non-fire-related carbon monoxide poisoning},
	doi = {10.3109/15563650.2014.887092},
	abstract = {CONTEXT: Unintentional carbon monoxide poisoning remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in England and Wales. METHODS.
STUDY DESIGN: observational case series. Data on fatal carbon monoxide poisoning in England and Wales from 1979 to 2012 were obtained from coroner reports. Data on unintentional non-fire-related carbon monoxide poisoning were extracted and were analysed by year of registration of death, sex, age group, and whether death occurred at a private house, flat, associated garage, or residential caravan ('home'), or elsewhere.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: There were 28,944 carbon monoxide-related deaths, of which 82\% were male. Deaths increased from 965 (1979) to 1700 (1987), and then fell to 182 (2012). Of these 2208 (64\% male) were recorded as unintentional non-fire-related deaths. Annual numbers of these latter deaths fell from 166 in 1979 to 25 in 2012 (i.e. from 3.37 to 0.44 per million population). Some 81 and 92\% of such deaths in males and in females, respectively, occurred at 'home'. A clear preponderance of male versus female deaths was seen in the 10-19, 20-39 and 40-64 years age groups, with similar numbers of deaths in males and in females in the younger ({\textless} 1 and 1-9 year) and higher (65-79 and 80 + years) age groups. A higher proportion of these excess deaths in males occurred outside the deceased's 'home' in those aged 10-19, 20-39 and 40-64 years.
CONCLUSION: Deaths from unintentional non-fire-related carbon monoxide poisoning are now much less common in England and Wales than in earlier years, but remain a cause for concern. Installation and proper maintenance of carbon monoxide alarms in dwellings and outhouses, for example, and education not only of the public, but also of health and other professionals as to the danger posed by carbon monoxide could help prevent such deaths.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {3},
	journal = {Clinical Toxicology (Philadelphia, Pa.)},
	author = {Fisher, D. S. and Leonardi, G. and Flanagan, R. J.},
	month = mar,
	year = {2014},
	pmid = {24533843},
	note = {00006 },
	keywords = {Adolescent, Adult, Age Factors, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Carbon Monoxide Poisoning, Child, England, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Sex Characteristics, Time Factors, Wales},
	pages = {166--170}
}

Paper  doi  abstract   bibtex   

@article{sollie_comparison_2013,
	title = {Comparison of mother, father, and teacher reports of {ADHD} core symptoms in a sample of child psychiatric outpatients.},
	volume = {17},
	issn = {1557-1246},
	url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22441890},
	doi = {10.1177/1087054711436010},
	abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To explore the significance of adding father ratings to mother and teacher ratings in the assessment of ADHD symptoms in children.

METHOD: The ADHD Rating Scale-IV, the Child Behavior Checklist, and the Teacher Report Form were filled out by all three informants for a sample of 48 clinically referred children (79\% boys) aged 6 to 15 (M = 10.1) years.

RESULTS: Correspondence between father and teacher reports on ADHD-specific symptoms (intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC] = .38) exceeded that between mothers and teachers (ICC = .23). Fathers rated their children as having fewer problems than did mothers and teachers on Total scale scores and the Inattention subscale of the ADHD Rating Scale-IV. Mother ratings were more sensitive to an ADHD diagnosis, whereas father ratings better predicted an ADHD diagnosis requiring the two-setting criterion.

CONCLUSION: The choice of parent informant and informant combination had a considerable impact on parent-teacher concordance and estimates of ADHD symptoms and subtypes in the child.},
	number = {8},
	urldate = {2015-05-12},
	journal = {Journal of attention disorders},
	author = {Sollie, Henrik and Larsson, Bo and Mørch, Willy-Tore},
	month = nov,
	year = {2013},
	pmid = {22441890},
	keywords = {Adolescent, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity: dia, Child, Faculty, Fathers, Female, Humans, Male, Mothers, Outpatients, Outpatients: psychology, Symptom Assessment},
	pages = {699--710},
}

@article{tan_identification_2013,
	title = {Identification of a new cyclovirus in cerebrospinal fluid of patients with acute  central nervous system infections.},
	volume = {4},
	issn = {2150-7511},
	doi = {10.1128/mBio.00231-13},
	abstract = {Acute central nervous system (CNS) infections cause substantial morbidity and mortality, but the etiology remains unknown in a large proportion of cases. We identified and characterized the full genome of a novel cyclovirus (tentatively named cyclovirus-Vietnam [CyCV-VN]) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) specimens of two Vietnamese patients with CNS infections of unknown etiology. CyCV-VN was subsequently detected in 4\% of 642 CSF specimens from Vietnamese patients with suspected CNS infections and none of 122 CSFs from patients with noninfectious neurological disorders. Detection rates were similar in patients with CNS infections of unknown etiology and those in whom other pathogens were detected. A similar detection rate in feces from healthy children suggested food-borne or orofecal transmission routes, while high detection rates in feces from pigs and poultry (average, 58\%) suggested the existence of animal reservoirs for such transmission. Further research is needed to address the epidemiology and pathogenicity of this novel, potentially zoonotic virus.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {3},
	journal = {mBio},
	author = {Tan, Le Van and van Doorn, H. Rogier and Nghia, Ho Dang Trung and Chau, Tran Thi Hong and Tu, Le Thi Phuong and de Vries, Michel and Canuti, Marta and Deijs, Martin and Jebbink, Maarten F. and Baker, Stephen and Bryant, Juliet E. and Tham, Nguyen Thi and BKrong, Nguyen Thi Thuy Chinh and Boni, Maciej F. and Loi, Tran Quoc and Phuong, Le Thi and Verhoeven, Joost T. P. and Crusat, Martin and Jeeninga, Rienk E. and Schultsz, Constance and Chau, Nguyen Van Vinh and Hien, Tran Tinh and van der Hoek, Lia and Farrar, Jeremy and de Jong, Menno D.},
	month = jun,
	year = {2013},
	pmid = {23781068},
	pmcid = {PMC3684831},
	keywords = {Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Animals, Central Nervous System Infections/epidemiology/*virology, Child, Child, Preschool, Circoviridae Infections/epidemiology/*virology, Circoviridae/*classification/genetics/*isolation \& purification, Cluster Analysis, DNA, Viral/chemistry/genetics, Female, Genome, Viral, Humans, Infant, Male, Middle Aged, Molecular Sequence Data, Phylogeny, Prevalence, Prospective Studies, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Vietnam, Young Adult},
	pages = {e00231--00213},
}

@article{theophile_comparison_2013,
	title = {Comparison of three methods (an updated logistic probabilistic method, the {Naranjo} and {Liverpool} algorithms) for the evaluation of routine pharmacovigilance case reports using consensual expert judgement as reference},
	volume = {36},
	issn = {1179-1942},
	doi = {10.1007/s40264-013-0083-1},
	abstract = {BACKGROUND: An updated probabilistic causality assessment method and the Liverpool algorithm presented as an improved version of the Naranjo algorithm, one of the most used and accepted causality assessment methods, have recently been proposed.
OBJECTIVE: In order to test the validity of the probabilistic method in routine pharmacovigilance, results provided by the Naranjo and Liverpool algorithms, as well as the updated probabilistic method, were each compared with a consensual expert judgement taken as reference.
METHODS: A sample of 59 drug-event pairs randomly sampled from spontaneous reports to the French pharmacovigilance system was assessed by expert judgement until reaching consensus and by members of a pharmacovigilance unit using the updated probabilistic method, the Naranjo and Liverpool algorithms. Probabilities given by the probabilistic method, and categories obtained by both the Naranjo and the Liverpool algorithms were compared as well as their sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values.
RESULTS: The median probability for drug causation given by the consensual expert judgement was 0.70 (inter-quartile range, IQR 0.54-0.84) versus 0.77 (IQR 0.54-0.91) for the probabilistic method. For the Naranjo algorithm, the 'possible' causality category was predominant (61 \%), followed by 'probable' (35 \%), 'doubtful', and 'almost certain' categories (2 \% each). Category distribution obtained with the Liverpool algorithm was similar to that obtained by the Naranjo algorithm with a majority of 'possible' (61 \%) and 'probable' (30 \%) followed by 'definite' (7 \%) and 'unlikely' (2 \%). For the probabilistic method, sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values were 0.96, 0.56, 0.92 and 0.71, respectively. For the Naranjo algorithm, depending on whether the 'possible' category was considered in favour or in disfavour of drug causation, sensitivity was, respectively, 1 or 0.42, specificity 0.11 or 0.89, negative predictive value 1 or 0.22 and positive predictive value 0.86 or 0.95; results were identical for the Liverpool algorithm.
CONCLUSION: The logistic probabilistic method gave results closer to the consensual expert judgment than either the Naranjo or Liverpool algorithms whose performance were strongly dependent on the meaning given to the 'possible' category. Owing to its good sensitivity and positive predictive value and by providing results as continuous probabilities, the probabilistic method seems worthy to use for a trustable assessment of adverse drug reactions in routine practice.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {10},
	journal = {Drug Safety},
	author = {Théophile, Hélène and André, Manon and Miremont-Salamé, Ghada and Arimone, Yannick and Bégaud, Bernard},
	month = oct,
	year = {2013},
	pmid = {23828659},
	keywords = {Adolescent, Adult, Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting Systems, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Algorithms, Child, Preschool, Consensus, Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions, Expert Testimony, Female, France, Humans, Infant, Judgment, Logistic Models, Male, Middle Aged, Pharmaceutical Preparations, Pharmacovigilance, Sensitivity and Specificity},
	pages = {1033--1044}
}

@article{dommett_features_2013,
	title = {Features of cancer in teenagers and young adults in primary care: a population-based nested case-control study},
	volume = {108},
	issn = {1532-1827},
	shorttitle = {Features of cancer in teenagers and young adults in primary care},
	doi = {10.1038/bjc.2013.191},
	abstract = {BACKGROUND: Teenagers and young adults (TYA, 15-24 years) diagnosed with cancer report repeated visits to primary care before referral. We investigated associations of symptoms and consultation frequency in primary care with TYA cancers.
METHODS: Population-based, case-control study was carried out using data from the Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD). A total of 1064 TYA diagnosed with cancer were matched to 13,206 controls. Symptoms independently associated with specific cancers were identified. Likelihood ratios (LRs) and positive predictive values (PPVs) were calculated.
RESULTS: In the 3 months before diagnosis, 397 (42.9\%) cases consulted {\textgreater} or =4 times vs 593(11.5\%) controls (odds ratio (OR): 12.1; 95\% CI: 9.7, 15.1), yielding a PPV for any cancer of 0.018\%. The LR of lymphoma with a head/neck mass was 434 (95\% CI: 60, 3158), with a PPV of 0.5\%. Corresponding figures in other cancers included - LR of leukaemia with lymphadenopathy (any site): 29 (95\% CI: 8, 112), PPV 0.015\%; LR of CNS tumour with seizure: 56 (95\% CI: 19, 163), PPV 0.024\%; and LR of sarcoma with lump/mass/swelling: 79 (95\% CI: 24, 264), PPV 0.042\%.
CONCLUSION: Teenagers and young adults with cancer consulted more frequently than controls in the 3 months before diagnosis. Primary care features of cancer match secondary care reports, but were of very low risk; nonetheless, some features increased the likelihood of cancer substantially and should be taken seriously when assessing TYA.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {11},
	journal = {British Journal of Cancer},
	author = {Dommett, R. M. and Redaniel, M. T. and Stevens, M. C. G. and Hamilton, W. and Martin, R. M.},
	month = jun,
	year = {2013},
	pmid = {23619924},
	pmcid = {PMC3681013},
	keywords = {Adolescent, Adult, Case-Control Studies, Great Britain, Humans, Neoplasms, Primary Health Care, Referral and Consultation, Risk, Young Adult},
	pages = {2329--2333}
}

@article{looker_lumbar_2012-1,
	title = {Lumbar spine and proximal femur bone mineral density, bone mineral content, and bone area: {United} {States}, 2005-2008},
	issn = {0083-1980},
	shorttitle = {Lumbar spine and proximal femur bone mineral density, bone mineral content, and bone area},
	abstract = {OBJECTIVE: This report presents bone measurement data from dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scans of the lumbar spine and proximal femur for persons aged 8 years and over from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2005-2008.
METHODS: Means, standard deviations, and selected percentiles were calculated for the proximal femur and lumbar spine (total and subregions) by sex, race and ethnicity, and age. Smoothed mean total lumbar spine and femur neck bone mineral density (BMD) were plotted by age, sex, and race and ethnicity. Multiple regression was used to test for significant interactions and to calculate mean total lumbar spine and femur neck BMD after adjusting for age, sex, and race and ethnicity. Differences by sex, race and ethnicity, and age were summarized by calculating the percent difference in adjusted means.
RESULTS: Among scanned individuals, 11\% lacked total lumbar spine data due to invalid data for one or more lumbar vertebrae, and 4\% had invalid data for the proximal femur. Non-Hispanic black persons had 6\% higher total lumbar spine BMD and 9\%-10\% higher femur neck BMD than non-Hispanic white persons. Mean total lumbar spine BMD and femur neck BMD did not differ between Mexican-American and non-Hispanic white persons in those under age 20. For those aged 20 and over, Mexican-American persons had 4\% lower total lumbar spine BMD but 1\% higher femur neck BMD than non-Hispanic white persons. Mean total lumbar spine BMD was 8\%-17\% higher in females aged 8-15 compared with males of the same age. In the age group 16-49, mean total lumbar spine BMD was similar or slightly higher for females compared with males, but after age 50 it was 60\%-15\% lower for females compared with males. Mean femur neck BMD was 5\%-13\% lower for females than males in all age groups except 12-15.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {251},
	journal = {Vital and Health Statistics. Series 11, Data from the National Health Survey},
	author = {Looker, Anne C. and Borrud, Lori G. and Hughes, Jeffery P. and Fan, Bo and Shepherd, John A. and Melton, L. Joseph},
	month = mar,
	year = {2012},
	pmid = {24261130},
	keywords = {Absorptiometry, Photon, Adolescent, Adult, Age Factors, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Bone Density, Child, Ethnic Groups, Female, Femur, Humans, Lumbar Vertebrae, Male, Middle Aged, Nutrition Surveys, Regression Analysis, Sex Factors, United States, Young Adult},
	pages = {1--132}
}

@article{spoendlin_study_2012,
	title = {A study on the epidemiology of rosacea in the {U}.{K}},
	volume = {167},
	issn = {1365-2133},
	doi = {10.1111/j.1365-2133.2012.11037.x},
	abstract = {BACKGROUND: Rosacea is a chronic facial skin disease of unclear origin. Epidemiological data are scarce and controversial, with reported prevalences ranging from 0·09\% to 22\%. To our knowledge, incidence rates have not been quantified before.
OBJECTIVES: In this observational study we quantified incidence rates of diagnosed rosacea in the U.K. and described demographic characteristics and the prevalence of ocular symptoms in patients with rosacea. We compared lifestyle factors such as smoking and alcohol consumption between patients with rosacea and controls.
METHODS: Using the U.K.-based General Practice Research Database, we identified patients with an incident diagnosis of rosacea between 1995 and 2009 and matched them (1:1) to rosacea-free control patients. We assessed person-time of all patients at risk and assessed incidence rates of rosacea, stratified by age, sex, year of diagnosis and region.
RESULTS: We identified 60,042 rosacea cases and 60,042 controls (61·5\% women). The overall incidence rate for diagnosed rosacea in the U.K. was 1·65 per 1000 person-years. Rosacea was diagnosed in some 80\% of cases after the age of 30 years. Ocular symptoms were recorded in 20·8\% of cases at the index date. We observed a significantly reduced relative risk of developing rosacea among current smokers (odds ratio 0·64, 95\% confidence interval 0·62-0·67). Alcohol consumption was associated with a marginal risk increase.
CONCLUSIONS: We quantified incidence rates and characteristics of patients with rosacea diagnosed in clinical practice in a large epidemiological study using primary care data from the U.K. Smoking was associated with a substantially reduced risk of developing rosacea.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {3},
	journal = {The British Journal of Dermatology},
	author = {Spoendlin, J. and Voegel, J. J. and Jick, S. S. and Meier, C. R.},
	month = sep,
	year = {2012},
	pmid = {22564022},
	keywords = {Adolescent, Adult, Age Distribution, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Alcohol Drinking, Child, Child, Preschool, Diagnosis, Differential, Epidemiologic Methods, Female, Great Britain, Humans, Infant, Life Style, Male, Middle Aged, Rosacea, Smoking, Young Adult, incidence},
	pages = {598--605}
}

@article{bhargav_evidence_2012,
	title = {Evidence for extended age dependent maternal immunity in infected children: mother to child transmission of {HIV} infection and potential interventions including  sulfatides of the human fetal adnexa and complementary or alternative medicines.},
	volume = {7},
	issn = {1556-8539},
	abstract = {The two neighboring southwestern states of India, Karnataka and Maharashtra, have high incidence of HIV/AIDS and are among the six most high prevalence HIV infected  states. In Karnataka state, the northern districts of Bagalkot, Belgaum and Bijapur  (the three Bs) and in Maharashtra state, the southern districts of Sangli, Satara,  and Solapur (the three Ss) are the areas with the highest incidence of HIV/AIDS. We  have evaluated the incidence of maternal to child transmission (MTCT) of HIV-1  infection in Belgaum District which is more than 500 kilometers distance by road  from the campus in greater Bangalore (Karnataka State). We have obtained the  prenatal CD4 counts of HIV infected pregnant mothers. We have also screened the HIV  infected children in two orphanages (rehabilitation centres for HIV infected  children) in Belgaum District. The clinical conditions of these infected children  were assessed for their CD4 counts, anti-retroviral therapy (ART) intake status,  outpatient illnesses and body composition. We have observed that there is an  influence of the age factor on the CD4 counts of the HIV infected children. Further,  in view of the role of our recently found involvement of sulfatide, 3-O-  galactosylceramide, in inhibition of HIV-1 replication and enhancement of  hematopoiesis which is otherwise inhibited due to such infection, we have discussed  the possible role of sulfatides that biologically occur in the fetal adnexa  (placentatrophoblasts /amnion/chorion-umbilical cord), in containing HIV infection  as a potential safer alternative to the ART regimens currently approved to be  clinically practiced. Lastly, we have discussed the complementary and alternative  medicine (CAM) therapies such as evidence based yoga and ayurveda as add-on to ART  in potential elimination of MTCT of HIV infection. Out of a total of 150 children  delivered by HIV infected mothers, 13 children were found to be positive as  determined by the dried blood smear (DBS) for virological testing, giving an  incidence of about 8.66\% in the Belgaum district during the last two years, in spite  of the prescription of currently available ART regimens. All the 13 HIV-transmitting  mothers had normal vaginal deliveries. Though 12\% of the total 150 deliveries  required lower segment caesarean section (LSCS), none among them resulted in MTCT of  HIV. Comparison of the prenatal CD4 counts between transmitting and non-transmitting  mothers did not show significant differences (p=0.25) thus suggesting indirectly  that HIV-1 proviral loads (undetermined / unavailable) need not necessarily  determine the fate of incidence of vertical transmission. The mean age of 44 HIV  infected children (14 females, 30 males) that were screened in two orphanages was  10.8±3.1 years. Out of these 44 children, 27 were taking ART (61.36\%) with mean  duration of consumption being 2.8±2.28 years. Fifty percent (n=22) of the children  were suffering from at least one outpatient illness, out of which 13 were taking  ART. Their mean basal metabolic rate (BMR), body mass index (BMI), muscle mass, fat  mass and fat \% were 795.45±106.9, 14.55±1.9 kg/m(2), 9.54±3.4 kg, 3.69±2.24 kg and  15.04±7.8\% respectively. Comparison between the children taking ART (on-ART, n=27)  and those not taking ART (non-ART, n= 17) showed that though there was no  significant difference in the average age of the two groups, on-ART children had  significantly higher BMR (p=0.05), and muscle mass (p=0.004), than non-ART. The CD4  counts, BMI, fat mass and fat percentage did not show significant statistical  differences between the two groups. The CD4 counts of the children (both on-ART and  non-ART) of age 8 years and below (n=12) were found to be significantly higher  (p=0.04) than those of age 14 and above (n=10). All the children in age group of 14  years and above (n=10) except one child were on ART, whereas 7 out of 12 children in  age group of 8 years and below were on-ART. In one of the rehabilitation centers  called Aadhar, among non-ART children, a significant correlation was observed  between the age of the child and CD4 counts (measured separately in the months of  June 2011 and December 2011). Both the CD4 counts measured in June 2011 (n=6;  r=-0.82, p= 0.04) as well as in December 2011 (n=6; r=-0.97, p=0.001) showed a  significant decline as the age progressed. Also, at the same center, among on-ART  children, the CD4 counts in June 2011 (n=7) and December 2011 (n=8) were  significantly different between the children in the age group of 8 below years, and  those in the age group of 14 years and above (p= 0.005). As HIV infected children  grow in age, they may lose maternal derived immunity as shown by the decrease in CD4  counts, irrespective of their ART status. It is to be expected from these results  that the conferred maternal immunity (possibly primarily humoral and secondarily  cytotoxic immune responses) to the virus acquired at child birth taper off and  eventually overcome by the generation of mutant HIV strains in the children, as the  life spans of the infected children progress. We have discussed safer therapeutic  interventions whose efficacy on HIV/AIDS may be synergistic to or even substitute  the existing treatment strategies. Some of such interventions may even be customized  to help eliminate MTCT. Further, these virus infected pregnant mother patient blood  / serum samples could prove useful in the vaccine development against HIV infection.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {3},
	journal = {Journal of stem cells},
	author = {Bhargav, Hemant and Huilgol, Vidya and Metri, Kashinath and Sundell, I. Birgitta and Tripathi, Satyam and Ramagouda, Nagaratna and Jadhav, Mahesh and Raghuram, Nagarathna and Ramarao, Nagendra Hongasandra and Koka, Prasad S.},
	year = {2012},
	pmid = {23619381},
	note = {Place: United States},
	keywords = {Humans, Adolescent, Adult, Female, Male, India, Age Factors, Pregnancy, Child, Child, Preschool, *Complementary Therapies, Amnion/immunology/metabolism/virology, Anti-Retroviral Agents/*therapeutic use, CD4 Lymphocyte Count, Chorion/immunology/metabolism/virology, HIV Infections/drug therapy/immunology/*transmission, HIV-1/drug effects/isolation \& purification, Infant, Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical/*prevention \& control, Mothers, Placenta/immunology/metabolism/virology, Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/immunology/*virology, Sulfoglycosphingolipids/*therapeutic use, Umbilical Cord/immunology/metabolism/virology, Viral Load},
	pages = {127--153}
}

Paper  doi  abstract   bibtex   

@article{nosarti_preterm_2012,
	title = {Preterm birth and psychiatric disorders in young adult life.},
	volume = {69},
	issn = {1538-3636},
	url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22660967},
	doi = {10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2011.1374},
	abstract = {CONTEXT: Preterm birth, intrauterine growth restriction, and delivery-related hypoxia have been associated with schizophrenia. It is unclear whether these associations pertain to other adult-onset psychiatric disorders and whether these perinatal events are independent.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationships among gestational age, nonoptimal fetal growth, Apgar score, and various psychiatric disorders in young adult life.

DESIGN: Historical population-based cohort study.

SETTING: Identification of adult-onset psychiatric admissions using data from the National Board of Health and Welfare, Stockholm, Sweden.

PARTICIPANTS: All live-born individuals registered in the nationwide Swedish Medical Birth Register between 1973 and 1985 and living in Sweden at age 16 years by December 2002 (n=1 301 522).

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Psychiatric hospitalization with nonaffective psychosis, bipolar affective disorder, depressive disorder, eating disorder, drug dependency, or alcohol dependency, diagnosed according to the International Classification of Diseases codes for 8 through 10. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to estimate hazard ratios and 95\% CIs.

RESULTS: Preterm birth was significantly associated with increased risk of psychiatric hospitalization in adulthood (defined as ≥16 years of age) in a monotonic manner across a range of psychiatric disorders. Compared with term births (37-41 weeks), those born at 32 to 36 weeks' gestation were 1.6 (95\% CI, 1.1-2.3) times more likely to have nonaffective psychosis, 1.3 (95\% CI, 1.1-1.7) times more likely to have depressive disorder, and 2.7 (95\% CI, 1.6-4.5) times more likely to have bipolar affective disorder. Those born at less than 32 weeks' gestation were 2.5 (95\% CI, 1.0-6.0) times more likely to have nonaffective psychosis, 2.9 (95\% CI, 1.8-4.6) times more likely to have depressive disorder, and 7.4 (95\% CI, 2.7-20.6) times more likely to have bipolar affective disorder.

CONCLUSIONS: The vulnerability for hospitalization with a range of psychiatric diagnoses may increase with younger gestational age. Similar associations were not observed for nonoptimal fetal growth and low Apgar score.},
	number = {6},
	urldate = {2015-05-26},
	journal = {Archives of general psychiatry},
	author = {Nosarti, Chiara and Reichenberg, Abraham and Murray, Robin M and Cnattingius, Sven and Lambe, Mats P and Yin, Li and MacCabe, James and Rifkin, Larry and Hultman, Christina M},
	month = jun,
	year = {2012},
	pmid = {22660967},
	keywords = {Adolescent, Adult, Age of Onset, Alcoholism, Alcoholism: epidemiology, Alcoholism: etiology, Apgar Score, Bipolar Disorder, Bipolar Disorder: epidemiology, Bipolar Disorder: etiology, Cohort Studies, Depressive Disorder, Depressive Disorder: epidemiology, Depressive Disorder: etiology, Eating Disorders, Eating Disorders: epidemiology, Eating Disorders: etiology, Female, Fetal Growth Retardation, Fetal Growth Retardation: epidemiology, Gestational Age, Hospitalization, Hospitalization: statistics \& numerical data, Humans, Infant, Newborn, Male, Mental Disorders, Mental Disorders: epidemiology, Mental Disorders: etiology, Pregnancy, Premature Birth, Premature Birth: epidemiology, Proportional Hazards Models, Psychotic Disorders, Psychotic Disorders: epidemiology, Psychotic Disorders: etiology, Registries, Risk Factors, Schizophrenia, Schizophrenia: epidemiology, Schizophrenia: etiology, Substance-Related Disorders, Substance-Related Disorders: epidemiology, Substance-Related Disorders: etiology, Sweden, Sweden: epidemiology, Young Adult},
	pages = {E1--8},
}

@article{ tapia_recollection_2012,
  title = {Recollection of negative information in posttraumatic stress disorder},
  volume = {25},
  issn = {1573-6598},
  doi = {10.1002/jts.21659},
  abstract = {The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of posttraumatic stress disorder ({PTSD}) associated with the effects of emotional valence on recall processes in recognition memory. Patients suffering from {PTSD} (n = 15) were compared with 15 nontraumatized patients with anxious and depressive symptoms and with 15 nontraumatized controls on the remember/know paradigm using negative, positive, and neutral words. The {PTSD} group remembered more negative words than the nontraumatized controls, F(1, 42) = 7.20, p = .01, but there was no difference between those with {PTSD} and those with anxiety or depression, F(1, 42) = 2.93, p = .09, or between the latter and controls, F(1, 42) {\textless} 1. This study did not allow us to determine whether this recollection bias for negative information was specific to the {PTSD} status or was triggered by the greater level of anxiety displayed in this group.},
  language = {eng},
  number = {1},
  journal = {Journal of Traumatic Stress},
  author = {Tapia, Géraldine and Clarys, David and Bugaiska, Aurélia and El-Hage, Wissam},
  month = {February},
  year = {2012},
  pmid = {22278745},
  keywords = {Adolescent, Adult, Female, Humans, Interviews as Topic, Male, Mental Recall, Middle Aged, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic, Terminology as Topic, Young Adult},
  pages = {120--123}
}

@article{127,
  abstract = {BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often use complementary and alternative medicine (CAM), usually along with other medical care. This study aimed to determine associations of ASD diagnostic category, co-existing conditions, and use of medications with use of CAM. METHODS: We used the Autism Speaks Autism Treatment Network patient registry, which collects information on CAM use, medical conditions, and psychotropic medication at enrollment. CAM was categorized as special diets versus "other" CAM; ASD was defined as autism, pervasive developmental disorder (PDD), or Asperger{\textquoteright}s. Gastrointestinal symptoms, seizure disorders, sleep problems, and medication use were determined from parent report. Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) scores were used to measure behavioral symptoms. Logistic regression was used to determine associations of diagnostic category, other medical conditions, and medication use with CAM treatments, controlling for demographic characteristics. RESULTS: Of 3413 subjects in the registry as of April 2011, 3173 had complete data on CAM use: 896 (28\%) reported any use; 548 (17\%), special diets; and 643 (20\%), other CAM. Higher rates of CAM use were associated with gastrointestinal symptoms (odds ratio [OR] = 1.88), seizures (OR = 1.58), and CBCL total score >70 (OR = 1.29). Children with PDD (OR = 0.62), Asperger{\textquoteright}s (OR = 0.66), or using medications (0.69) had lower rates. CONCLUSIONS: Children with ASD use more CAM when they have co-existing gastrointestinal symptoms, seizure disorders, and behavior problems. This study suggests the importance of asking about CAM use in children with ASD, especially those with complex symptoms.},
  added-at = {2021-02-17T03:07:48.000+0100},
  author = {Perrin, James M and Coury, Daniel L and Hyman, Susan L and Cole, Lynn and Reynolds, Ann M and Clemons, Traci E},
  biburl = {https://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/2c1fa498c5747e4372b8a4b7fce6ced79/acn},
  interhash = {b3519df22f582dc3acd14e93698fe987},
  intrahash = {c1fa498c5747e4372b8a4b7fce6ced79},
  journal = {Pediatrics},
  keywords = {Therapies, Female, IM, Preschool Studies, Disorder/th Complementary [Therapy], Child, Humans, Cross-Sectional Male, Adolescent, Autistic AIM,},
  month = Nov,
  note = {NLM Journal Code: oxv, 0376422},
  number = {Suppl 2},
  pages = {S77-82},
  timestamp = {2021-02-17T03:08:36.000+0100},
  title = {Complementary and alternative medicine use in a large pediatric autism sample.},
  volume = 130,
  year = 2012
}

Paper  abstract   bibtex   

@article{
 title = {Proton therapy for spinal ependymomas: planning, acute toxicities, and preliminary outcomes.},
 type = {article},
 year = {2012},
 identifiers = {[object Object]},
 keywords = {Adolescent,Child,Child, Preschool,Disease-Free Survival,Ependymoma,Ependymoma: pathology,Ependymoma: radiotherapy,Ependymoma: surgery,Erythema,Erythema: etiology,Erythema: pathology,Fatigue,Fatigue: etiology,Female,Follow-Up Studies,Humans,Infant,Male,Neoplasm Recurrence, Local,Neoplasm Recurrence, Local: radiotherapy,Protons,Protons: adverse effects,Protons: therapeutic use,Radiation Injuries,Radiotherapy Dosage,Spinal Neoplasms,Spinal Neoplasms: pathology,Spinal Neoplasms: radiotherapy,Spinal Neoplasms: surgery,Survival Rate,Treatment Outcome,Tumor Burden},
 pages = {1419-24},
 volume = {83},
 websites = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22245209},
 month = {8},
 publisher = {Elsevier Inc},
 day = {1},
 id = {ba888ca5-70c7-39d5-946d-244183b6d8d3},
 created = {2014-03-15T18:24:10.000Z},
 accessed = {2014-03-04},
 file_attached = {true},
 profile_id = {8c4ca2d5-86de-3b5d-86be-8408415f34e0},
 group_id = {a484ae4c-fcac-3c7e-9ac3-3fad0df719a2},
 last_modified = {2014-12-29T19:36:51.000Z},
 read = {false},
 starred = {false},
 authored = {false},
 confirmed = {true},
 hidden = {false},
 abstract = {PURPOSE: To report acute toxicities and preliminary outcomes for pediatric patients with ependymomas of the spine treated with proton beam therapy at the MD Anderson Cancer Center.

METHODS AND MATERIALS: Eight pediatric patients received proton beam irradiation between October 2006 and September 2010 for spinal ependymomas. Toxicity data were collected weekly during radiation therapy and all follow-up visits. Toxicities were graded according to the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events version 3.0.

RESULTS: All patients had surgical resection of the tumor before irradiation (7 subtotal resection and 1 gross total resection). Six patients had World Health Organization Grade I ependymomas, and two had World Health Organization Grade II ependymomas. Patients had up to 3 surgical interventions before radiation therapy (range, 1-3; median, 1). Three patients received proton therapy after recurrence and five as part of their primary management. The entire vertebral body was treated in all but 2 patients. The mean radiation dose was 51.1 cobalt gray equivalents (range, 45 to 54 cobalt gray equivalents). With a mean follow-up of 26 months from the radiation therapy start date (range, 7-51 months), local control, event-free survival, and overall survival rates were all 100%. The most common toxicities during treatment were Grade 1 or 2 erythema (75%) and Grade 1 fatigue (38%). No patients had a Grade 3 or higher adverse event. Proton therapy dramatically reduced dose to all normal tissues anterior to the vertebral bodies in comparison to photon therapy.

CONCLUSION: Preliminary outcomes show the expected control rates with favorable acute toxicity profiles. Proton beam therapy offers a powerful treatment option in the pediatric population, where adverse events related to radiation exposure are of concern. Extended follow-up will be required to assess for late recurrences and long-term adverse effects.},
 bibtype = {article},
 author = {Amsbaugh, Mark J and Grosshans, David R and McAleer, Mary Frances and Zhu, Ron and Wages, Cody and Crawford, Cody N and Palmer, Matthew and De Gracia, Beth and Woo, Shiao and Mahajan, Anita},
 journal = {International Journal of Radiation Oncology Biology Physics},
 number = {5}
}

@article {116,
	title = {Autism spectrum disorders and developmental disabilities in children from immigrant families in the United States.},
	journal = {Pediatrics},
	volume = {130},
	number = {Suppl 2},
	year = {2012},
	note = {NLM Journal Code: oxv, 0376422},
	month = {Nov},
	pages = {S191-7},
	abstract = {OBJECTIVES: Recent census data show that nearly one-quarter of US children have at least 1 immigrant parent; moreover, there has been a dramatic increase in children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) and select developmental disabilities (DDs). However, little is known about access to medical home and adequacy of insurance coverage for children with ASDs and select DDs from immigrant families. METHODS: By using the 2007 National Survey of Children{\textquoteright}s Health, we compared children with ASDs and select DDs from immigrant (n = 413, foreign born or reside with at least 1 immigrant parent) and nonimmigrant (n = 5411) families on various measures of medical home and insurance coverage. We used weighted logistic regression to examine the association between immigrant family and selected outcome measures while controlling for confounding factors. RESULTS: Compared with nonimmigrant families, children with ASD and select DD from immigrant families were more than twice as likely to lack usual source of care and report physicians not spending enough time with family. Furthermore, multivariable analyses indicate that insurance coverage is an important factor in mitigating health care barriers for immigrant families. CONCLUSIONS: The study demonstrates important areas of deficits in the health care experiences of children with ASD and select DD from immigrant households. Public policy implications include increasing access to existing insurance programs, augmenting public awareness resources for ASD and select DD, and offering assistance to immigrant families that are struggling with the medical needs of their children.},
	keywords = {Adolescent, AIM, airp, Child, Child Development Disorders, Developmental Disabilities/ep [Epidemiology], Emigrants and Immigrants/sn [Statistics \& Numerical Data], Female, Humans, IM, Male, Pervasive/ep [Epidemiology], Preschool, United States/ep [Epidemiology]},
	author = {S. C. Lin and S. M. Yu and Robin L Harwood}
}

Paper  doi  abstract   bibtex   

@article{luchinger_eegbold_2011,
	title = {{EEG}–{BOLD} correlations during (post-) adolescent brain maturation},
	volume = {56},
	issn = {10538119},
	url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21349336},
	doi = {10.1016/j.neuroimage.2011.02.050},
	abstract = {The transition from adolescence to adulthood is a critical stage in the human lifespan during which the brain still undergoes substantial structural and functional change. The changing frequency composition of the resting state EEG reflects maturation of brain function. This study investigated (post)adolescent brain maturation captured by two independently but simultaneously recorded neuronal signals: EEG and fMRI. Data were collected in a 20 min eyes-open/eyes-closed resting state paradigm. EEG, fMRI-BOLD signal and EEG-BOLD correlations were compared between groups of adults, age 25 (n=18), and adolescents, age 15 (n=18). A typical developmental decrease of low-frequency EEG power was observed even at this late stage of brain maturation. Frequency and condition specific EEG-fMRI correlations proved robust for multiple brain regions. However, no consistent change in the EEG-BOLD correlations was identified that would correspond to the neuronal maturation captured by the EEG. This result indicates that the EEG-BOLD correlation measures a distinct aspect of neurophysiological activity that presumably matures earlier, since it is less sensitive to late maturation than the neuronal activity captured by low-frequency EEG.},
	number = {3},
	urldate = {2015-04-10},
	journal = {NeuroImage},
	author = {Lüchinger, Rafael and Michels, Lars and Martin, Ernst and Brandeis, Daniel},
	month = jun,
	year = {2011},
	pmid = {21349336},
	keywords = {Adolescent, Adult, Aging, Aging: physiology, Alpha Rhythm, Alpha Rhythm: physiology, Brain, Brain: growth \& development, Data Interpretation, Delta Rhythm, Delta Rhythm: physiology, Electroencephalography, Female, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Models, Nerve Net, Nerve Net: growth \& development, Nerve Net: physiology, Neurological, Oxygen, Oxygen: blood, Photic Stimulation, Regression Analysis, Rest, Rest: physiology, Statistical, Theta Rhythm, Theta Rhythm: physiology, Young Adult},
	pages = {1493--1505},
}

@article{kelly_london_2011,
	title = {The {London} low emission zone baseline study},
	issn = {1041-5505},
	abstract = {On February 4, 2008, the world's largest low emission zone (LEZ) was established. At 2644 km2, the zone encompasses most of Greater London. It restricts the entry of the oldest and most polluting diesel vehicles, including heavy-goods vehicles (haulage trucks), buses and coaches, larger vans, and minibuses. It does not apply to cars or motorcycles. The LEZ scheme will introduce increasingly stringent Euro emissions standards over time. The creation of this zone presented a unique opportunity to estimate the effects of a stepwise reduction in vehicle emissions on air quality and health. Before undertaking such an investigation, robust baseline data were gathered on air quality and the oxidative activity and metal content of particulate matter (PM) from air pollution monitors located in Greater London. In addition, methods were developed for using databases of electronic primary-care records in order to evaluate the zone's health effects. Our study began in 2007, using information about the planned restrictions in an agreed-upon LEZ scenario and year-on-year changes in the vehicle fleet in models to predict air pollution concentrations in London for the years 2005, 2008, and 2010. Based on this detailed emissions and air pollution modeling, the areas in London were then identified that were expected to show the greatest changes in air pollution concentrations and population exposures after the implementation of the LEZ. Using these predictions, the best placement of a pollution monitoring network was determined and the feasibility of evaluating the health effects using electronic primary-care records was assessed. To measure baseline pollutant concentrations before the implementation of the LEZ, a comprehensive monitoring network was established close to major roadways and intersections. Output-difference plots from statistical modeling for 2010 indicated seven key areas likely to experience the greatest change in concentrations of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) (at least 3 microg/m3) and of PM with an aerodynamic diameter {\textless} or = 10 microm (PM10) (at least 0.75 microg/m3) as a result of the LEZ; these suggested that the clearest signals of change were most likely to be measured near roadsides. The seven key areas were also likely to be of importance in carrying out a study to assess the health outcomes of an air quality intervention like the LEZ. Of the seven key areas, two already had monitoring sites with a full complement of equipment, four had monitoring sites that required upgrades of existing equipment, and one required a completely new installation. With the upgrades and new installations in place, fully ratified (verified) pollutant data (for PM10, PM with an aerodynamic diameter {\textless} or = 2.5 microm [PM2.5], nitrogen oxides [NOx], and ozone [O3] at all sites as well as for particle number, black smoke [BS], carbon monoxide [CO], and sulfur dioxide [SO2] at selected sites) were then collected for analysis. In addition, the seven key monitoring sites were supported by other sites in the London Air Quality Network (LAQN). From these, a robust set of baseline air quality data was produced. Data from automatic and manual traffic counters as well as automatic license-plate recognition cameras were used to compile detailed vehicle profiles. This enabled us to establish more precise associations between ambient pollutant concentrations and vehicle emissions. An additional goal of the study was to collect baseline PM data in order to test the hypothesis that changes in traffic densities and vehicle mixes caused by the LEZ would affect the oxidative potential and metal content of ambient PM10 and PM2.5. The resulting baseline PM data set was the first to describe, in detail, the oxidative potential and metal content of the PM10 and PM2.5 of a major city's airshed. PM in London has considerable oxidative potential; clear differences in this measure were found from site to site, with evidence that the oxidative potential of both PM10 and PM2.5 at roadside monitoring sites was higher than at urban background locations. In the PM10 samples this increased oxidative activity appeared to be associated with increased concentrations of copper (Cu), barium (Ba), and bathophenanthroline disulfonate-mobilized iron (BPS Fe) in the roadside samples. In the PM2.5 samples, no simple association could be seen, suggesting that other unmeasured components were driving the increased oxidative potential in this fraction of the roadside samples. These data suggest that two components were contributing to the oxidative potential of roadside PM, namely Cu and BPS Fe in the coarse fraction of PM (PM with an aerodynamic diameter of 2.5 microm to 10 microm; PM(2.5-10)) and an unidentified redox catalyst in PM2.5. The data derived for this baseline study confirmed key observations from a more limited spatial mapping exercise published in our earlier HEI report on the introduction of the London's Congestion Charging Scheme (CCS) in 2003 (Kelly et al. 2011a,b). In addition, the data set in the current report provided robust baseline information on the oxidative potential and metal content of PM found in the London airshed in the period before implementation of the LEZ; the finding that a proportion of the oxidative potential appears in the PM coarse mode and is apparently related to brake wear raises important issues regarding the nature of traffic management schemes. The final goal of this baseline study was to establish the feasibility, in ethical and operational terms, of using the U.K.'s electronic primary-care records to evaluate the effects of the LEZ on human health outcomes. Data on consultations and prescriptions were compiled from a pilot group of general practices (13 distributed across London, with 100,000 patients; 29 situated in the inner London Borough of Lambeth, with 200,000 patients). Ethics approvals were obtained to link individual primary-care records to modeled NOx concentrations by means of post-codes. (To preserve anonymity, the postcodes were removed before delivery to the research team.) A wide range of NOx exposures was found across London as well as within and between the practices examined. Although we observed little association between NOx exposure and smoking status, a positive relationship was found between exposure and increased socioeconomic deprivation. The health outcomes we chose to study were asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, wheeze, hay fever, upper and lower respiratory tract infections, ischemic heart disease, heart failure, and atrial fibrillation. These outcomes were measured as prevalence or incidence. Their distributions by age, sex, socioeconomic deprivation, ethnicity, and smoking were found to accord with those reported in the epidemiology literature. No cross-sectional positive associations were found between exposure to NOx and any of the studied health outcomes; some associations were significantly negative. After the pilot study, a suitable primary-care database of London patients was identified, the General Practice Research Database responsible for giving us access to these data agreed to collaborate in the evaluation of the LEZ, and an acceptable method of ensuring privacy of the records was agreed upon. The database included about 350,000 patients who had remained at the same address over the four-year period of the study. Power calculations for a controlled longitudinal analysis were then performed, indicating that for outcomes such as consultations for respiratory illnesses or prescriptions for asthma there was sufficient power to identify a 5\% to 10\% reduction in consultations for patients most exposed to the intervention compared with patients presumed to not be exposed to it. In conclusion, the work undertaken in this study provides a good foundation for future LEZ evaluations. Our extensive monitoring network, measuring a comprehensive set of pollutants (and a range of particle metrics), will continue to provide a valuable tool both for assessing the impact of LEZ regulations on air quality in London and for furthering understanding of the link between PM's composition and toxicity. Finally, we believe that in combination with our modeling of the predicted population-based changes in pollution exposure in London, the use of primary-care databases forms a sound basis and has sufficient statistical power for the evaluation of the potential impact of the LEZ on human health.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {163},
	journal = {Research Report (Health Effects Institute)},
	author = {Kelly, Frank and Armstrong, Ben and Atkinson, Richard and Anderson, H. Ross and Barratt, Ben and Beevers, Sean and Cook, Derek and Green, Dave and Derwent, Dick and Mudway, Ian and Wilkinson, Paul and {HEI Health Review Committee}},
	month = nov,
	year = {2011},
	pmid = {22315924},
	keywords = {Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Air Pollutants, Air Pollution, Child, Child, Preschool, Cross-Sectional Studies, Environmental Exposure, Environmental Monitoring, Female, Health Status, Humans, Infant, London, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Metals, Middle Aged, Nitrogen Oxides, Particulate Matter, Pilot Projects, Primary Health Care, Small-Area Analysis, Smoking, Socioeconomic Factors, Vehicle Emissions, Young Adult},
	pages = {3--79}
}

@article{kotz_incidence_2011,
	title = {Incidence, prevalence, and trends of general practitioner-recorded diagnosis of peanut allergy in {England}, 2001 to 2005},
	volume = {127},
	issn = {1097-6825},
	doi = {10.1016/j.jaci.2010.11.021},
	abstract = {BACKGROUND: Previous descriptions of the epidemiology of peanut allergy have mainly been derived from small cross-sectional studies.
OBJECTIVE: To interrogate a large national research database to provide estimates for the incidence, prevalence, and trends of general practitioner (GP)-recorded diagnosis of peanut allergy in the English population.
METHODS: Version 10 of the QRESEARCH database was used with data from 2,958,366 patients who were registered with 422 United Kingdom general practices in the years 2001 to 2005. The primary outcome was a recording of clinician-diagnosed peanut allergy.
RESULTS: The age-sex standardized incidence rate of peanut allergy in 2005 was 0.08 per 1000 person-years (95\% CI, 0.07-0.08), and the prevalence rate was 0.51 per 1000 patients (95\% CI, 0.49-0.54). This translated into an estimated 4000 incident cases (95\% CI, 3500-4600) and 25,700 prevalent cases (95\% CI, 24,400-27,100) of GP-recorded diagnosis of peanut allergy in England in 2005. During the study period, the incidence rate of peanut allergy remained fairly stable, whereas the prevalence rate doubled. In those under 18 years of age, the crude lifetime prevalence rate was higher in males than females. A significant inverse relationship between prevalence and socioeconomic status was found.
CONCLUSION: These data on GP-recorded diagnosis of peanut allergy from a large general practice database suggest a much lower prevalence in peanut allergy than has hitherto been found. This difference may in part be explained by underrecording of peanut allergy in general practice. Further research is needed to assess the true frequency of peanut allergy in the population and whether there has been a true increase in recent years.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {3},
	journal = {The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology},
	author = {Kotz, Daniel and Simpson, Colin R. and Sheikh, Aziz},
	month = mar,
	year = {2011},
	pmid = {21236479},
	keywords = {Adolescent, Adult, Child, Child, Preschool, England, Female, General Practitioners, Great Britain, Humans, Infant, Male, Medical Records, Peanut Hypersensitivity, Prevalence, incidence},
	pages = {623--630.e1}
}

@article{ wicclair_conscientious_2011,
  title = {Conscientious refusals by hospitals and emergency contraception},
  volume = {20},
  issn = {1469-2147},
  doi = {10.1017/S0963180110000691},
  language = {eng},
  number = {1},
  journal = {Cambridge quarterly of healthcare ethics: {CQ}: the international journal of healthcare ethics committees},
  author = {Wicclair, Mark R},
  month = {January},
  year = {2011},
  pmid = {21223617},
  keywords = {Adolescent, Adult, Catholicism, Child Abuse, Sexual, Choice Behavior, Conscience, Contraception, Postcoital, Contraceptives, Postcoital, Emergency Service, Hospital, Female, Humans, Personal Autonomy, Pregnancy, Pregnancy Tests, Prescription Drugs, Rape, Refusal to Treat, Sex Offenses, Young Adult},
  pages = {130--138}
}

Paper  doi  abstract   bibtex   

@article{gow_stability_2011,
	title = {Stability and change in intelligence from age 11 to ages 70, 79, and 87: the {Lothian} {Birth} {Cohorts} of 1921 and 1936.},
	volume = {26},
	issn = {1939-1498},
	url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20973608},
	doi = {10.1037/a0021072},
	abstract = {Investigating the predictors of age-related cognitive change is a research priority. However, it is first necessary to discover the long-term stability of measures of cognitive ability because prior cognitive ability level might contribute to the amount of cognitive change experienced within old age. These two issues were examined in the Lothian Birth Cohorts of 1921 and 1936. Cognitive ability data were available from age 11 years when the participants completed the Moray House Test No. 12 (MHT). The Lothian Birth Cohort 1936 (LBC1936) completed the MHT a second time at age 70. The Lothian Birth Cohort 1921 (LBC1921) completed the MHT at ages 79 and 87. We examined cognitive stability and change from childhood to old age in both cohorts, and within old age in the LBC1921. Raw stability coefficients for the MHT from 11-70, 11-79, and 11-87 years were .67, .66, and .51, respectively; and larger when corrected for range restriction in the samples. Therefore, minimum estimates of the variance in later-life MHT accounted for by childhood performance on the same test ranged from 26-44\%. This study also examined, in the LBC1921, whether MHT score at age 11 influenced the amount of change in MHT between ages 79 and 87. It did not. Higher intelligence from early life was apparently protective of intelligence in old age due to the stability of cognitive function across the lifespan, rather than because it slowed the decline experienced in later life.},
	number = {1},
	urldate = {2012-07-23},
	journal = {Psychology and aging},
	author = {Gow, Alan J and Johnson, Wendy and Pattie, Alison and Brett, Caroline E and Roberts, Beverly and Starr, John M and Deary, Ian J},
	month = mar,
	year = {2011},
	pmid = {20973608},
	keywords = {Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Aging, Aging: physiology, Aging: psychology, Child, Cognition, Cognition: physiology, Female, Humans, Intelligence, Intelligence Tests, Intelligence: physiology, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Middle Aged, Scotland, Young Adult},
	pages = {232--40},
}

@article{deramecourt_88-year_2011,
	title = {An 88-year old woman with long-lasting parkinsonism},
	volume = {21},
	issn = {1750-3639},
	doi = {10.1111/j.1750-3639.2011.00496.x},
	language = {eng},
	number = {4},
	journal = {Brain Pathology (Zurich, Switzerland)},
	author = {Deramecourt, Vincent and Maurage, Claude-Alain and Sergeant, Nicolas and Buée-Scherrer, Valérie and Buée, Luc and Defebvre, Luc},
	month = jul,
	year = {2011},
	pmid = {21668554},
	keywords = {Aged, Humans, Female, Middle Aged, Brain, Adult, Disease Progression, Aged, 80 and over, Adolescent, Child, Child, Preschool, Infant, Parkinson Disease, Postencephalitic},
	pages = {465--468}
}

Paper  doi  abstract   bibtex   

@article{gapin_effects_2011,
	title = {The effects of physical activity on attention deficit hyperactivity disorder symptoms: the evidence.},
	volume = {52 Suppl 1},
	issn = {1096-0260},
	url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21281664},
	doi = {10.1016/j.ypmed.2011.01.022},
	abstract = {Evidence supports the beneficial effects of physical activity (PA) on cognitive performance and suggests that effects might be particularly large for children. However, limited research has explored PA as a means of managing behavioral symptoms and improving cognitive performance of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The etiology of ADHD and the putative mechanisms for the effects of PA on cognitive performance suggest that PA might be especially important for this population.},
	urldate = {2012-03-13},
	journal = {Preventive Medicine},
	author = {Gapin, Jennifer I and Labban, Jeffrey D and Etnier, Jennifer L},
	month = jun,
	year = {2011},
	pmid = {21281664},
	note = {Publisher: Elsevier Inc.},
	keywords = {Adolescent, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity: phy, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity: psy, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity: the, Child, Child Behavior, Child Behavior: physiology, Child Behavior: psychology, Cognition, Exercise, Exercise: physiology, Exercise: psychology, Humans, Motor Activity, Motor Activity: physiology, Sports},
	pages = {S70--4},
}

@article{moola_perceptions_2011,
	title = {The perceptions of caregivers toward physical activity and health in youth with  congenital heart disease.},
	volume = {21},
	issn = {1049-7323 1049-7323},
	doi = {10.1177/1049732310384119},
	abstract = {Medical advances have reduced mortality in youth with congenital heart disease  (CHD). Although physical activity is associated with enhanced quality of life, most  patients are inactive. By addressing medical and psychological barriers, previous  literature has reproduced discourses of individualism which position cardiac youth  as personally responsible for physical inactivity. Few sociological investigations  have sought to address the influence of social barriers to physical activity, and  the insights of caregivers are absent from the literature. In this study, caregiver  perceptions toward physical activity for youth with CHD were investigated at a  Canadian hospital. Media representations, school liability, and parental  overprotection construct cardiac youth as "at risk" during physical activity, and  position their health precariously. Indeed, from the perspective of hospital staff,  the findings indicate the centrality of sociological factors to the physical  activity experiences of youth with CHD, and the importance of attending to the  contextual barriers that constrain their health and physical activity.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {2},
	journal = {Qualitative health research},
	author = {Moola, Fiona and Fusco, Caroline and Kirsh, Joel A.},
	month = feb,
	year = {2011},
	pmid = {20935236},
	note = {Place: United States},
	keywords = {*Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice, *Motor Activity, *Social Perception, Adolescent, Age Factors, Canada/epidemiology, Caregivers/*psychology, Child, Health Status, Heart Defects, Congenital/epidemiology/mortality/*psychology, Hospitals, Pediatric, Humans, Interview, Psychological, Qualitative Research, Quality of Life/*psychology, Risk},
	pages = {278--291},
}

Paper  doi  abstract   bibtex   

@article{obrien_self-help_2011,
	title = {Self-help parenting interventions for childhood behaviour disorders: a review of the evidence.},
	volume = {37},
	issn = {1365-2214},
	url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21585419},
	doi = {10.1111/j.1365-2214.2011.01231.x},
	abstract = {The use of self-help interventions for parents of children with behaviour problems is becoming more prevalent. This review critically evaluated the evidence supporting the efficacy of such programmes for children with behaviour problems. Using a systematic literature search, two modes of delivery were evaluated, namely bibliotherapy and multimedia. Programmes that included minimal therapist support were also included. Overall, there is good evidence supporting the efficacy of self-help programmes in improving child behaviour, over the short and longer term. Self-help programmes led to outcomes similar to those achieved with more intensive therapist input. Including minimal levels of therapist support in addition to self-help materials enhances child and parent outcomes. Parents view self-help favourably but significantly less so than programmes including some form of therapist input. The future directions for self-help parent programmes include the need for longer-term follow-ups, the identification of moderators of outcome and economic evaluations of self-help programmes.},
	number = {5},
	urldate = {2012-07-16},
	journal = {Child: care, health and development},
	author = {O'Brien, M and Daley, D},
	month = sep,
	year = {2011},
	pmid = {21585419},
	keywords = {Adolescent, Child, Child Behavior Disorders, Child Behavior Disorders: prevention \& control, Child Behavior Disorders: therapy, Cost-Benefit Analysis, Humans, Parenting, Parenting: psychology, Program Evaluation, Programmed Instruction as Topic, Programmed Instruction as Topic: economics, Psychotherapy, Group, Self Concept, Time Factors},
	pages = {623--37},
}

Website  abstract   bibtex   

@article{
 title = {ERPs and neural oscillations during volitional supporession of memory retrieval},
 type = {article},
 year = {2010},
 identifiers = {[object Object]},
 keywords = {Adolescent,Analysis of Variance,Association Learning,Association Learning: physiology,Biological Clocks,Biological Clocks: physiology,Brain,Brain Mapping,Brain: blood supply,Brain: physiology,Electroencephalography,Emotions,Emotions: physiology,Evoked Potentials,Evoked Potentials: physiology,Female,Humans,Image Processing, Computer-Assisted,Magnetic Resonance Imaging,Male,Mental Recall,Mental Recall: physiology,Oxygen,Oxygen: blood,Photic Stimulation,Reaction Time,Visual Perception,Young Adult},
 pages = {1-10},
 volume = {25},
 websites = {http://www.mitpressjournals.org/doi/abs/10.1162/jocn_a_00418#.Vgcwxo9Viko},
 month = {10},
 publisher = {MIT Press55 Hayward Street, Cambridge, MA 02142-1315USAjournals-info@mit.edu},
 day = {28},
 id = {9e3549f7-2c0d-33e4-84d8-bab5eb144557},
 created = {2015-09-27T00:17:34.000Z},
 accessed = {2015-09-26},
 file_attached = {false},
 profile_id = {50a856f4-e41b-3395-a32c-35f3a97eb9f9},
 group_id = {1d7f53de-0a60-3d99-b9ab-c9b479ac932e},
 last_modified = {2015-11-28T00:03:58.000Z},
 read = {false},
 starred = {false},
 authored = {false},
 confirmed = {true},
 hidden = {false},
 citation_key = {Depue2010m},
 language = {en},
 abstract = {Although investigations of memory and the dynamics of ERP components and neural oscillations as assessed through EEG have been well utilized, little research into the volitional nature of suppression over memory retrieval have used these methods. Oscillation analyses conducted on the Think/No-Think (TNT) task and volitional suppression of retrieval are of interest to broaden our knowledge of neural oscillations associated not only during successful memory retrieval but also when retrieval is unwanted or suppressed. In the current study, we measured EEG during a TNT task and performed ERP and EEG spectral power band analyses. ERP results replicated other researchers' observations of increases in 500-800 msec parietal effects for items where retrieval was instructed to be elaborated compared with being suppressed. Furthermore, EEG analyses indicated increased alpha (8-12 Hz) and theta (3-8 Hz) oscillations across parietal electrodes for items that were instructed to be suppressed versus those to be elaborated. Additionally, during the second half of the experiment (after repeated attempts at control), increases in theta oscillations were found across both frontal and parietal electrodes for items that were instructed to be suppressed and that were ultimately forgotten versus those ultimately remembered. Increased alpha power for items that were instructed to be suppressed versus elaborated may indicate reductions of retrieval attempts or lack of retrieval success. Increased theta power for items that were instructed to be suppressed versus elaborated may indicate increased or prolonged cognitive control to monitor retrieval events.},
 bibtype = {article},
 author = {Depue, Brendan Eliot and Ketz, Nick and Mollison, Matthew V and Nyhus, Erika and Banich, Marie T and Curran, Tim},
 journal = {Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience},
 number = {10}
}

@article{ cilliers_pyridoxal-5-phosphate_2010,
  title = {Pyridoxal-5-phosphate plasma concentrations in children receiving tuberculosis chemotherapy including isoniazid},
  volume = {99},
  issn = {1651-2227},
  doi = {10.1111/j.1651-2227.2010.01696.x},
  abstract = {AIM: Little is known about pyridoxine nutriture of children treated with isoniazid (INH) regimens. This study documents plasma pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP) concentrations in children, HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected, receiving INH regimens.
METHODS: Children from the Western Cape of South Africa hospitalized for tuberculosis (TB) management were studied. Plasma PLP concentrations were determined on enrolment, 1-month after commencing TB treatment, and again after 4-month's treatment. The children received a supplement meeting pyridoxine requirements.
RESULTS: Nineteen HIV-infected and 33 HIV-uninfected children received INH (dosage range 4-20 mg/kg) daily. Mean PLP plasma concentrations on enrolment were 8.32 (SD 6.75) ng/mL and 11.28 (SD 3.02) ng/mL in HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected children, respectively (p = 0.11) and after 4-month's treatment 6.75 (SD 2.71) ng/mL and 14.76 (SD 7.96) ng/mL (p {\textless} 0.001). On enrolment 9 (50%) HIV-infected and 5 (15%) HIV-uninfected children (p = 0.016) had suboptimal PLP concentrations ({\textless}6 ng/mL); after 4-month's treatment 8 (42%) and 2 (6%) (p = 0.004).
CONCLUSION: Plasma PLP concentrations in children treated for TB were low on enrolment in HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected children; after 4-month's treatment low values were still common in HIV-infected children. Additional pyridoxine supplementation of malnourished children treated for tuberculosis is advisable, particularly those HIV-infected.},
  language = {eng},
  number = {5},
  journal = {Acta Paediatrica (Oslo, Norway: 1992)},
  author = {Cilliers, K. and Labadarios, D. and Schaaf, H. S. and Willemse, M. and Maritz, J. S. and Werely, C. J. and Hussey, G. and Donald, P. R.},
  month = {May},
  year = {2010},
  pmid = {20146723},
  keywords = {AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections, Adolescent, Antitubercular Agents, Child, Child, Preschool, Female, Genotype, HIV Infections, Humans, Infant, Isoniazid, Male, Pyridoxal Phosphate, South Africa, Tuberculosis},
  pages = {705--710}
}

Paper  doi  abstract   bibtex   

@article{johnson_psychiatric_2010,
	title = {Psychiatric disorders in extremely preterm children: longitudinal finding at age 11 years in the {EPICure} study.},
	volume = {49},
	issn = {1527-5418},
	url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20431465},
	doi = {10.1016/j.jaac.2010.02.002},
	abstract = {To investigate the prevalence and risk factors for psychiatric disorders in extremely preterm children.},
	number = {5},
	urldate = {2012-05-01},
	journal = {Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry},
	author = {Johnson, Samantha and Hollis, Chris and Kochhar, Puja and Hennessy, Enid and Wolke, Dieter and Marlow, Neil},
	month = may,
	year = {2010},
	pmid = {20431465},
	keywords = {Adolescent, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity: dia, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity: epi, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity: eti, Child, Child Behavior Disorders, Child Behavior Disorders: diagnosis, Child Behavior Disorders: epidemiology, Child Behavior Disorders: etiology, Child Development Disorders, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disord, Great Britain, Great Britain: epidemiology, Humans, Infant, Ireland, Ireland: epidemiology, Newborn, Pervasive, Pervasive: diagnosis, Pervasive: epidemiolo, Pervasive: etiology, Premature, Prevalence, Questionnaires, Risk Factors},
	pages = {453--63.e1},
}

@article{devine_identification_2010,
	title = {The identification of pregnancies within the general practice research database},
	volume = {19},
	issn = {1099-1557},
	doi = {10.1002/pds.1862},
	abstract = {BACKGROUND: The United States is moving toward active drug safety surveillance using sources such as administrative claims and electronic medical records, but use of these data for studying teratogenicity has been challenging, as they typically do not allow for the easy identification of pregnancies. Our goal was to develop and validate an algorithm for the identification of pregnancies in the general practice research database (GPRD) that could be used to study pregnancy outcomes.
METHODS: The algorithm identified pregnancies in women 15-45-year-old that were pregnant between 1 January 1987 and 31 December 2006. We identified live births, stillbirths, and spontaneous and elective terminations within a woman's record. We validated the algorithm using the additional clinical details maternity (ACDM) file and de-identified free-text records.
RESULTS: We analyzed 16,035,394 records from 3,093,927 individuals and identified 383,184 women who had a total of 580,356 pregnancies. There were 415,221 full-term live births, 3080 pre- or post-term births, 1834 multi-fetus deliveries, 86,408 spontaneous abortions or miscarriages, 72 164 elective terminations, and 1649 stillbirths or fetal deaths. A marker of pregnancy care was identifiable for 86.3\% of the 580,356 pregnancies. The internal validation steps indicated that the algorithm produced consistent results with the ACDM file.
CONCLUSIONS: We were successful in identifying a large number of pregnancies in the GPRD. Our use of a hierarchical approach to identify pregnancy outcomes builds upon the methods suggested in previous work, while implementing additional steps to minimize potential misclassification of pregnancy outcomes.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {1},
	journal = {Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety},
	author = {Devine, Scott and West, Suzanne and Andrews, Elizabeth and Tennis, Pat and Hammad, Tarek A. and Eaton, Susan and Thorp, John and Olshan, Andrew},
	month = jan,
	year = {2010},
	pmid = {19823973},
	keywords = {Adolescent, Adult, Algorithms, Databases, Factual, Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions, Family Practice, Female, Humans, Medical Records Systems, Computerized, Pregnancy Complications, Pregnancy Outcome, Prenatal Care, Research, United States, pregnancy},
	pages = {45--50}
}

@article{cornish_risk_2010,
	title = {Risk of death during and after opiate substitution treatment in primary care: prospective observational study in {UK} {General} {Practice} {Research} {Database}},
	volume = {341},
	issn = {1756-1833},
	shorttitle = {Risk of death during and after opiate substitution treatment in primary care},
	abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of opiate substitution treatment at the beginning and end of treatment and according to duration of treatment.
DESIGN: Prospective cohort study. Setting UK General Practice Research Database.
PARTICIPANTS: Primary care patients with a diagnosis of substance misuse prescribed methadone or buprenorphine during 1990-2005. 5577 patients with 267 003 prescriptions for opiate substitution treatment followed-up (17 732 years) until one year after the expiry of their last prescription, the date of death before this time had elapsed, or the date of transfer away from the practice.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Mortality rates and rate ratios comparing periods in and out of treatment adjusted for sex, age, calendar year, and comorbidity; standardised mortality ratios comparing opiate users' mortality with general population mortality rates.
RESULTS: Crude mortality rates were 0.7 per 100 person years on opiate substitution treatment and 1.3 per 100 person years off treatment; standardised mortality ratios were 5.3 (95\% confidence interval 4.0 to 6.8) on treatment and 10.9 (9.0 to 13.1) off treatment. Men using opiates had approximately twice the risk of death of women (morality rate ratio 2.0, 1.4 to 2.9). In the first two weeks of opiate substitution treatment the crude mortality rate was 1.7 per 100 person years: 3.1 (1.5 to 6.6) times higher (after adjustment for sex, age group, calendar period, and comorbidity) than the rate during the rest of time on treatment. The crude mortality rate was 4.8 per 100 person years in weeks 1-2 after treatment stopped, 4.3 in weeks 3-4, and 0.95 during the rest of time off treatment: 9 (5.4 to 14.9), 8 (4.7 to 13.7), and 1.9 (1.3 to 2.8) times higher than the baseline risk of mortality during treatment. Opiate substitution treatment has a greater than 85\% chance of reducing overall mortality among opiate users if the average duration approaches or exceeds 12 months.
CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians and patients should be aware of the increased mortality risk at the start of opiate substitution treatment and immediately after stopping treatment. Further research is needed to investigate the effect of average duration of opiate substitution treatment on drug related mortality.},
	language = {eng},
	journal = {BMJ (Clinical research ed.)},
	author = {Cornish, Rosie and Macleod, John and Strang, John and Vickerman, Peter and Hickman, Matt},
	year = {2010},
	pmid = {20978062},
	pmcid = {PMC2965139},
	keywords = {Adolescent, Adult, Buprenorphine, Female, Great Britain, Humans, Male, Methadone, Middle Aged, Narcotics, Opioid-Related Disorders, Prospective Studies, Risk Factors, Time Factors, Young Adult},
	pages = {c5475}
}

Paper  doi  abstract   bibtex   

@article{williams_rare_2010,
	title = {Rare chromosomal deletions and duplications in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: a genome-wide analysis},
	volume = {376},
	issn = {01406736},
	url = {http://www.thelancet.com/article/S0140673610611099/fulltext},
	doi = {10.1016/S0140-6736(10)61109-9},
	abstract = {BACKGROUND: Large, rare chromosomal deletions and duplications known as copy number variants (CNVs) have been implicated in neurodevelopmental disorders similar to attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). We aimed to establish whether burden of CNVs was increased in ADHD, and to investigate whether identified CNVs were enriched for loci previously identified in autism and schizophrenia.

METHODS: We undertook a genome-wide analysis of CNVs in 410 children with ADHD and 1156 unrelated ethnically matched controls from the 1958 British Birth Cohort. Children of white UK origin, aged 5-17 years, who met diagnostic criteria for ADHD or hyperkinetic disorder, but not schizophrenia and autism, were recruited from community child psychiatry and paediatric outpatient clinics. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were genotyped in the ADHD and control groups with two arrays; CNV analysis was limited to SNPs common to both arrays and included only samples with high-quality data. CNVs in the ADHD group were validated with comparative genomic hybridisation. We assessed the genome-wide burden of large ({\textgreater}500 kb), rare ({\textless}1\% population frequency) CNVs according to the average number of CNVs per sample, with significance assessed via permutation. Locus-specific tests of association were undertaken for test regions defined for all identified CNVs and for 20 loci implicated in autism or schizophrenia. Findings were replicated in 825 Icelandic patients with ADHD and 35,243 Icelandic controls.

FINDINGS: Data for full analyses were available for 366 children with ADHD and 1047 controls. 57 large, rare CNVs were identified in children with ADHD and 78 in controls, showing a significantly increased rate of CNVs in ADHD (0·156 vs 0·075; p=8·9×10(-5)). This increased rate of CNVs was particularly high in those with intellectual disability (0·424; p=2·0×10(-6)), although there was also a significant excess in cases with no such disability (0·125, p=0·0077). An excess of chromosome 16p13.11 duplications was noted in the ADHD group (p=0·0008 after correction for multiple testing), a finding that was replicated in the Icelandic sample (p=0·031). CNVs identified in our ADHD cohort were significantly enriched for loci previously reported in both autism (p=0·0095) and schizophrenia (p=0·010).

INTERPRETATION: Our findings provide genetic evidence of an increased rate of large CNVs in individuals with ADHD and suggest that ADHD is not purely a social construct.

FUNDING: Action Research; Baily Thomas Charitable Trust; Wellcome Trust; UK Medical Research Council; European Union.},
	language = {English},
	number = {9750},
	urldate = {2015-04-06},
	journal = {The Lancet},
	author = {Williams, Nigel M and Zaharieva, Irina and Martin, Andrew and Langley, Kate and Mantripragada, Kiran and Fossdal, Ragnheidur and Stefansson, Hreinn and Stefansson, Kari and Magnusson, Pall and Gudmundsson, Olafur O and Gustafsson, Omar and Holmans, Peter and Owen, Michael J and O'Donovan, Michael and Thapar, Anita},
	month = oct,
	year = {2010},
	pmid = {20888040},
	note = {Publisher: Elsevier},
	keywords = {Adolescent, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity: gen, Autistic Disorder, Autistic Disorder: genetics, Child, Child, Preschool, Chromosome Aberrations, Chromosome Deletion, DNA Copy Number Variations, DNA Copy Number Variations: genetics, Female, Genetic Variation, Genome-Wide Association Study, Humans, Male, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide: genetics, Schizophrenia, Schizophrenia: genetics},
	pages = {1401--1408},
}

Paper  abstract   bibtex   

@article{
 title = {Dissemination limits the survival of patients with anaplastic ependymoma after extensive surgical resection, meticulous follow up, and intensive treatment for recurrence.},
 type = {article},
 year = {2010},
 identifiers = {[object Object]},
 keywords = {Adjuvant,Adolescent,Adult,Brain Neoplasms,Brain Neoplasms: diagnosis,Brain Neoplasms: mortality,Brain Neoplasms: pathology,Brain Neoplasms: therapy,Chemotherapy,Child,Ependymoma,Ependymoma: diagnosis,Ependymoma: mortality,Ependymoma: pathology,Ependymoma: therapy,Female,Follow-Up Studies,Humans,Kaplan-Meier Estimate,Local,Local: therapy,Magnetic Resonance Imaging,Male,Middle Aged,Neoplasm Recurrence,Preschool,Radiotherapy,Retrospective Studies,Survival Rate},
 pages = {185-91; discussion 191-2},
 volume = {33},
 websites = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20186454},
 month = {4},
 id = {095ad00f-60e1-3a2f-8cae-2eb3aba8490a},
 created = {2013-09-07T05:22:53.000Z},
 accessed = {2013-09-07},
 file_attached = {true},
 profile_id = {8c4ca2d5-86de-3b5d-86be-8408415f34e0},
 group_id = {a484ae4c-fcac-3c7e-9ac3-3fad0df719a2},
 last_modified = {2014-11-22T16:36:56.000Z},
 read = {false},
 starred = {false},
 authored = {false},
 confirmed = {true},
 hidden = {false},
 abstract = {The extent of resection is the most consistent factor affecting outcome of intracranial ependymomas. The outcomes in patients with intracranial anaplastic ependymomas who underwent more than subtotal resection and intensive treatment for recurrence were reviewed retrospectively. Between 1989 and 2007, 18 patients underwent more than subtotal resection at Tohoku University Hospital. Adjuvant chemoradiation therapy was conducted in 16 patients. Meticulous follow-up was performed for early detection of recurrence. Intensive therapy including surgery and chemoradiation therapy was added for recurrence. Median survival in all 18 patients was 136 months. The 5- and 10-year survival rates were 59.1% and 50.7%, respectively. Eight patients died during the observation period, five of dissemination, but none of uncontrollable local recurrence. High resection rate, meticulous follow-up, and intensive treatment for recurrence improved the survival of patients with anaplastic ependymoma. Dissemination was the life-determining factor in this series of patients.},
 bibtype = {article},
 author = {Saito, Ryuta and Kumabe, Toshihiro and Kanamori, Masayuki and Sonoda, Yukihiko and Tominaga, Teiji},
 journal = {Neurosurgical Review},
 number = {2}
}

@Article{Zacks2009,
  author   = {J. M. Zacks and Shawn Kumar and Richard A Abrams and Ritesh Mehta},
  journal  = {Cognition},
  title    = {Using movement and intentions to understand human activity.},
  year     = {2009},
  number   = {2},
  pages    = {201-16},
  volume   = {112},
  abstract = {During perception, people segment continuous activity into discrete
	events. They do so in part by monitoring changes in features of an
	ongoing activity. Characterizing these features is important for
	theories of event perception and may be helpful for designing information
	systems. The three experiments reported here asked whether the body
	movements of an actor predict when viewers will perceive event boundaries.
	Body movements were recorded using a magnetic motion tracking system
	and compared with viewers' segmentation of his activity into events.
	Changes in movement features were strongly associated with segmentation.
	This was more true for fine-grained than for coarse-grained boundaries,
	and was strengthened when the stimulus displays were reduced from
	live-action movies to simplified animations. These results suggest
	that movement variables play an important role in the process of
	segmenting activity into meaningful events, and that the influence
	of movement on segmentation depends on the availability of other
	information sources.},
  doi      = {10.1016/j.cognition.2009.03.007},
  keywords = {Adolescent, Female, Functional Laterality, Humans, Male, Motion Pictures as Topic, Motor Activity, Movement, Perception, Set (Psychology), Young Adult, 19497569},
}

Paper  doi  abstract   bibtex   

@article{wharf_higgins_social_2009,
	title = {A {Social} {Ecological} {Conceptual} {Framework} for {Understanding} {Adolescent} {Health} {Literacy} in the {Health} {Education} {Classroom}},
	volume = {44},
	copyright = {© 2009 Society for Community Research and Action},
	issn = {1573-2770},
	url = {http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1007/s10464-009-9270-8/abstract},
	doi = {10.1007/s10464-009-9270-8},
	abstract = {With the rising concern over chronic health conditions and their prevention and management, health literacy is emerging as an important public health issue. As with the development of other forms of literacy, the ability for students to be able to access, understand, evaluate and communicate health information is a skill best developed during their years of public schooling. Health education curricula offer one approach to develop health literacy, yet little is known about its influence on neither students nor their experiences within an educational context. In this article, we describe our experience applying a social ecological model to investigating the implementation of a health education curriculum in four high schools in British Columbia, Canada. We used the model to guide a conceptual understanding of health literacy, develop research questions, select data collection strategies, and interpret the findings. Reflections and recommendations for using the model are offered.},
	language = {en},
	number = {3-4},
	urldate = {2016-02-10},
	journal = {American Journal of Community Psychology},
	author = {Wharf Higgins, Joan and Begoray, Deborah and MacDonald, Marjorie},
	month = dec,
	year = {2009},
	keywords = {Adolescent, Health education, Health literacy, Social ecological framework},
	pages = {350--362},
}

Paper  doi  abstract   bibtex   

@article{hirvikoski_high_2009,
	title = {High self-perceived stress and many stressors, but normal diurnal cortisol rhythm, in adults with {ADHD} (attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder).},
	volume = {55},
	issn = {1095-6867},
	url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19162030},
	doi = {10.1016/j.yhbeh.2008.12.004},
	abstract = {Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in adults is associated with significant impairment in many life activities and may thus increase the risk of chronic stress in everyday life. We compared adults with a DSM-IV ADHD diagnosis (n=28) with healthy controls (n=28) regarding subjective stress and amounts of stressors in everyday life, diurnal salivary cortisol in the everyday environment and salivary cortisol before and after cognitive stress in a laboratory setting. The association between cortisol concentrations and impulsivity was also investigated. Consistent with assumptions, individuals with ADHD reported significantly more self-perceived stress than controls, and subjective stress correlated with the amount of stressors in everyday life. The two groups were comparable with respect to overall diurnal cortisol levels and rhythm, as well as in pre- and post-stress cortisol concentrations. Post-stress cortisol (but not baseline cortisol) concentration was positively correlated with impulsivity. The group with high post-stress cortisol also reported more symptoms of depression and anxiety, as well as self-perceived stress and stressors in every-day life. The diagnosis of ADHD significantly increased the risk of belonging to the group with high post-stress cortisol levels. The results in this study warrant a focus not only on the primary diagnosis of ADHD, but also calls for a broader assessment of stressors and subjective stress in everyday life, as well as support comprising stress management and coping skills.},
	number = {3},
	urldate = {2014-05-26},
	journal = {Hormones and behavior},
	author = {Hirvikoski, Tatja and Lindholm, Torun and Nordenström, Anna and Nordström, Anna-Lena and Lajic, Svetlana},
	month = mar,
	year = {2009},
	pmid = {19162030},
	keywords = {Adolescent, Adult, Anxiety, Anxiety: psychology, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity: met, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity: psy, Circadian Rhythm, Circadian Rhythm: physiology, Depression, Depression: psychology, Female, Humans, Hydrocortisone, Hydrocortisone: metabolism, Impulsive Behavior, Impulsive Behavior: psychology, Life Change Events, Male, Middle Aged, Neuropsychological Tests, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Self Concept, Socioeconomic Factors, Stress, Psychological, Stress, Psychological: metabolism, Stress, Psychological: psychology, Young Adult},
	pages = {418--24},
}

@article{menzies_survey_2009,
	title = {A survey of pediatric caudal extradural anesthesia practice},
	volume = {19},
	issn = {1460-9592},
	doi = {10.1111/j.1460-9592.2009.03116.x},
	abstract = {BACKGROUND

Caudal extradural blockade is one of the most commonly performed procedures in pediatric anesthesia. However, there is little information available on variations in clinical practice.


OBJECTIVES

To perform a survey of members of the Association of Paediatric Anaesthetists of Great Britain and Ireland who undertake caudal anesthesia. Methods: An 'online' World Wide Web questionnaire collected information on various aspects of clinical practice. The survey ran from April to June 2008.


RESULTS

There were 366 questionnaires completed. The majority of respondents had {\textgreater}5 years of pediatric experience and performed up to ten caudal extradural procedures a month. The commonest device used was a cannula (69.7\%) with 68.6\% using a 22G device. There was a trend toward the use of a cannula in those anesthetists with {\textless}15 years experience, while those with {\textgreater}15 years experience tended to use a needle. Most anesthetists (91.5\%) did not believe that there was a significant risk of implantation of dermoid tissue into the caudal extradural space. The majority used a combination of clinical methods to confirm correct placement. Only 27 respondents used ultrasound. The most popular local anesthetics were bupivacaine (43.4\%) and levobupivacaine (41.7\%). The most common additives were clonidine (42.3\%) and ketamine (37.5\%). The caudal catheter technique was used by 43.6\%. Most anesthetists (74\%) wear gloves for a single shot caudal injection.


CONCLUSIONS

This survey provides a snapshot of current practice and acts a useful reference for the development of enhanced techniques and new equipment in the future.},
	number = {9},
	journal = {Paediatric anaesthesia},
	author = {Menzies, Robert and Congreve, Kate and Herodes, Veiko and Berg, Simon and Mason, David G},
	month = sep,
	year = {2009},
	pmid = {19691690},
	keywords = {Adolescent, Anesthesia, Anesthesia, Caudal, Anesthesia, Epidural, Anesthetics, Local, Asepsis, Child, Child, Preschool, Gloves, Surgical, Health Care Surveys, Humans, Infection Control, Marketingaktiv, Masks, Questionnaires},
	pages = {829--836}
}

Paper  doi  bibtex   

@article{boggio_temporal_2009,
	title = {Temporal lobe cortical electrical stimulation during the encoding and retrieval phase reduces false memories},
	volume = {4},
	url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=19319182},
	doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0004959},
	number = {3},
	journal = {PLoS One},
	author = {Boggio, P.S. and Fregni, F. and Valasek, C. and Ellwood, S. and Chi, R. and Gallate, J. and Pascual-Leone, A. and Snyder, A.},
	year = {2009},
	keywords = {\#nosource, *Electric Stimulation, *Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation, Adolescent, Female, Humans, Learning, Male, Memory/*physiology, Temporal Lobe/*physiology, Young Adult},
	pages = {e4959},
}

Paper  doi  abstract   bibtex   

@article{preston_role_2009,
	title = {The role of multidimensional attentional abilities in academic skills of children with {ADHD}.},
	volume = {42},
	issn = {0022-2194},
	url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19264927},
	doi = {10.1177/0022219408331042},
	abstract = {Despite reports of academic difficulties in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), little is known about the relationship between performance on tests of academic achievement and measures of attention. The current study assessed intellectual ability, parent-reported inattention, academic achievement, and attention in 45 children (ages 7-15) diagnosed with ADHD. Hierarchical regressions were performed with selective, sustained, and attentional control/switching domains of the Test of Everyday Attention for Children as predictor variables and with performance on the Wechsler Individual Achievement Test-Second Edition as dependent variables. It was hypothesized that sustained attention and attentional control/switching would predict performance on achievement tests. Results demonstrate that attentional control/ switching accounted for a significant amount of variance in all academic areas (reading, math, and spelling), even after accounting for verbal IQ and parent-reported inattention. Sustained attention predicted variance only in math, whereas selective attention did not account for variance in any achievement domain. Therefore, attentional control/switching, which involves components of executive functions, plays an important role in academic performance.},
	number = {3},
	urldate = {2012-07-23},
	journal = {Journal of learning disabilities},
	author = {Preston, Andrew S and Heaton, Shelley C and McCann, Sarah J and Watson, William D and Selke, Gregg},
	year = {2009},
	pmid = {19264927},
	keywords = {Achievement, Adolescent, Aptitude, Attention, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity: cla, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity: dia, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity: psy, Child, Female, Humans, Intelligence, Male, Mathematics, Personality Assessment, Reading, Verbal Learning, Wechsler Scales},
	pages = {240--9},
}

@article{setakis_changes_2008,
	title = {Changes in the characteristics of patients prescribed selective cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitors after the 2004 withdrawal of rofecoxib},
	volume = {59},
	issn = {0004-3591},
	doi = {10.1002/art.23925},
	abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the impact of rofecoxib withdrawal on the characteristics of patients prescribed selective cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) inhibitors.
METHODS: The General Practice Research Database was used to identify patients age {\textgreater} or =18 years who were prescribed a selective COX-2 inhibitor. Various patient characteristics were noted at the start of therapy: age, sex, nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug-related risk factors for upper gastrointestinal (GI) events, and the Framingham risk score for cardiovascular disease. Logistic regression was used to compare patients using selective COX-2 inhibitors before and after September 2004.
RESULT: The study population included 171,645 patients receiving selective COX-2 inhibitors. The number of users substantially increased over time until September 2004 and sharply declined thereafter. Approximately 80\% stopped selective COX-2 inhibitor therapy within 6 months. Patients receiving selective COX-2 inhibitors after September 2004 were younger and included more men compared with those receiving therapy before September 2004. There was no change before and after September 2004 in the proportion of patients with GI risk factors or high Framingham risk scores, after adjustment for age and sex. A correlation was found between presence of GI risk factors and high Framingham risk scores. Only 20\% of patients receiving selective COX-2 inhibitors had GI risk factors but low Framingham risk score, which did not change after September 2004.
CONCLUSION: There was no channeling in the usage of selective COX-2 inhibitors toward patients with a high risk of GI and low risk of cardiovascular disease following the withdrawal of rofecoxib.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {8},
	journal = {Arthritis and Rheumatism},
	author = {Setakis, E. and Leufkens, H. G. M. and van Staa, T. P.},
	month = aug,
	year = {2008},
	pmid = {18668614},
	keywords = {Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Cardiovascular Diseases, Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors, Databases, Factual, Drug Prescriptions, Drug Utilization Review, Female, Gastrointestinal Diseases, Great Britain, Humans, Lactones, Logistic Models, Male, Middle Aged, Rheumatic Diseases, Risk Factors, Sulfones, incidence},
	pages = {1105--1111}
}

@article{kottegoda_reproductive_2008,
	title = {Reproductive health concerns in six conflict-affected areas of {Sri} {Lanka}.},
	volume = {16},
	issn = {1460-9576 0968-8080},
	doi = {10.1016/S0968-8080(08)31359-7},
	abstract = {This article draws on a study conducted by the Women and Media Collective between  2004 and 2005 to highlight some of the reproductive health concerns of women from  Sinhalese, Tamil and Muslim ethnic groups, living in situations of conflict in Sri  Lanka. The study focussed on women from six conflict-affected areas in the north and  east of the country: Jaffna (Northern Province), Mannar and Puttalam (North-Western  Province), Polonnaruwa (North-Central Province), Batticaloa and Ampara (Eastern  Province). Higher levels of poverty, higher rates of school drop-out, low pay and  precarious access to work, mainly in the informal sector, higher rates of early  marriage, pregnancy and home births, higher levels of maternal mortality and lower  levels of contraceptive use were found. Economic, social and physical insecurity  were key to these phenomena. Physically and psychologically, women were at high risk  of sexual and physical violence, mainly from their partners/spouses but also from  family members, often related to dowry. The article brings out the voices of women  whose lives have been overshadowed by conflict and displacement, and the nature of  structural barriers that impede their right to health care services, to make  informed decisions about their lives and to live free of familial violence.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {31},
	journal = {Reproductive health matters},
	author = {Kottegoda, Sepali and Samuel, Kumudini and Emmanuel, Sarala},
	month = may,
	year = {2008},
	pmid = {18513609},
	note = {Place: Netherlands},
	keywords = {*Health Services Accessibility, *Reproductive Medicine/statistics \& numerical data, *Warfare, Adolescent, Adult, Female, Human Rights, Humans, Interviews as Topic, Middle Aged, Poverty Areas, Refugees, Reproductive Health Services/*statistics \& numerical data, Sri Lanka, Surveys and Questionnaires},
	pages = {75--82},
}

@article{cardwell_no_2008,
	title = {No association between routinely recorded infections in early life and subsequent risk of childhood-onset {Type} 1 diabetes: a matched case-control study using the {UK} {General} {Practice} {Research} {Database}},
	volume = {25},
	issn = {1464-5491},
	shorttitle = {No association between routinely recorded infections in early life and subsequent risk of childhood-onset {Type} 1 diabetes},
	doi = {10.1111/j.1464-5491.2007.02351.x},
	abstract = {AIMS: To determine whether children with infections in early life (recorded routinely in general practice) have a reduced risk of Type 1 diabetes, as would be expected from the hygiene hypothesis.
METHODS: Children with Type 1 diabetes and up to 20 matched (on year of birth, sex and region) control subjects were selected from a cohort of children born in the UK at General Practice Research Database practices. For each child, the frequency of general practitioner consultations for infections and prescriptions for antibiotics in the first year of life were determined. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95\% confidence intervals (95\%CIs) were calculated using conditional logistic regression.
RESULTS: The main analysis included 367 case and 4579 matched control subjects. There was no evidence of any reduction in the subsequent risk of Type 1 diabetes in children with at least one infection in the first year of life (OR = 1.03, 95\%CI 0.79, 1.34) or in children prescribed antibiotics in the first year of life (OR = 1.03, 95\%CI 0.82, 1.29). Further analyses also revealed little evidence of a difference in subsequent risk of Type 1 diabetes after different types of infection in the first year of life (including gastrointestinal, conjunctivitis, otitis media and upper and lower respiratory tract). Analyses of infections in the first 2 years of life reached similar conclusions.
CONCLUSIONS: This study provides no evidence of an association between infections in early life and subsequent risk of childhood-onset Type 1 diabetes and therefore does not support the hygiene hypothesis.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {3},
	journal = {Diabetic Medicine: A Journal of the British Diabetic Association},
	author = {Cardwell, C. R. and Carson, D. J. and Patterson, C. C.},
	month = mar,
	year = {2008},
	pmid = {18201209},
	keywords = {Adolescent, Case-Control Studies, Child, Child, Preschool, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1, Great Britain, Humans, Infant, databases as topic, infection},
	pages = {261--267}
}

Paper  doi  abstract   bibtex   

@article{wiles_physical_2008,
	title = {Physical activity and emotional problems amongst adolescents : a longitudinal study.},
	volume = {43},
	issn = {0933-7954},
	url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18438732},
	doi = {10.1007/s00127-008-0362-9},
	abstract = {Promotion of physical activity (PA) is at the top of the public health agenda. However, there are few longitudinal studies investigating the relationship between PA and children's mental health. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the association between self-reported physical activity (PA) and emotional problems 1-year later in a cohort of schoolchildren.},
	number = {10},
	urldate = {2012-03-27},
	journal = {Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology},
	author = {Wiles, Nicola J and Jones, Gareth T and Haase, Anne M and Lawlor, Debbie a and Macfarlane, Gary J and Lewis, Glyn},
	month = oct,
	year = {2008},
	pmid = {18438732},
	keywords = {Adolescent, Affective Symptoms, Affective Symptoms: diagnosis, Affective Symptoms: epidemiology, Affective Symptoms: prevention \& control, Affective Symptoms: psychology, Child Behavior Disorders, Child Behavior Disorders: diagnosis, Child Behavior Disorders: epidemiology, Child Behavior Disorders: psychology, Cohort Studies, Comorbidity, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Great Britain, Health Promotion, Health Promotion: methods, Health Surveys, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Motor Activity, Physical Education and Training, Physical Education and Training: statistics \& nume, Sports, Sports: psychology, Sports: statistics \& numerical data},
	pages = {765--72},
}

@Article{Elliot2007,
  author   = {Andrew J Elliot and Markus A Maier and Arlen C Moller and Ron Friedman and J\"org Meinhardt},
  journal  = {J Exp Psychol Gen},
  title    = {Color and psychological functioning: the effect of red on performance attainment.},
  year     = {2007},
  number   = {1},
  pages    = {154-68},
  volume   = {136},
  abstract = {This research focuses on the relation between color and psychological
	functioning, specifically, that between red and performance attainment.
	Red is hypothesized to impair performance on achievement tasks, because
	red is associated with the danger of failure in achievement contexts
	and evokes avoidance motivation. Four experiments demonstrate that
	the brief perception of red prior to an important test (e.g., an
	IQ test) impairs performance, and this effect appears to take place
	outside of participants' conscious awareness. Two further experiments
	establish the link between red and avoidance motivation as indicated
	by behavioral (i.e., task choice) and psychophysiological (i.e.,
	cortical activation) measures. The findings suggest that care must
	be taken in how red is used in achievement contexts and illustrate
	how color can act as a subtle environmental cue that has important
	influences on behavior.},
  doi      = {10.1037/0096-3445.136.1.154},
  keywords = {Achievement, Adolescent, Adult, Color Perception, Escape Reaction, Female, Humans, Male, Psychology, 17324089},
}

Paper  abstract   bibtex   

@article{bidwell_testing_2007,
	title = {Testing for neuropsychological endophenotypes in siblings discordant for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.},
	volume = {62},
	url = {http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=2687149&tool=pmcentrez&rendertype=abstract},
	abstract = {BACKGROUND: Neurocognitive deficits associated with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) might be useful intermediate endophenotypes for determining specific genetic pathways that contribute to ADHD. METHODS: This study administered 17 measures from prominent neuropsychological theories of ADHD (executive function, processing speed, arousal regulation and, motivation/delay aversion) in dizygotic (DZ) twin pairs discordant for ADHD and control twin pairs (ages 8-18 years) to compare performance between twins affected with ADHD (n = 266), their unaffected co-twins (n = 228), and control children from twin pairs without ADHD or learning difficulties (n = 332). RESULTS: The ADHD subjects show significant impairment on executive function, processing speed, and response variability measures compared with control subjects. Unaffected co-twins of ADHD subjects are significantly impaired on nearly all the same measures as their ADHD siblings, even when subclinical symptoms of ADHD are controlled. CONCLUSIONS: Executive function, processing speed, and response variability deficits might be useful endophenotypes for genetic studies of ADHD.},
	number = {9},
	journal = {Biological Psychiatry},
	author = {Bidwell, L Cinnamon and Willcutt, Erik G and Defries, John C and Pennington, Bruce F},
	year = {2007},
	note = {Publisher: Department of Psychology, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USA. lcb@colorado.edu},
	keywords = {adolescent, analysis variance, attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity, attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity gen, attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity phy, child, cognition disorders, cognition disorders genetics, cognition disorders physiopathology, diseases twins, diseases twins genetics, diseases twins psychology, female, genetic predisposition disease, genetic predisposition disease genetics, humans, intelligence tests, male, neuropsychological tests, neuropsychological tests statistics \& numerical d, phenotype, problem solving, reading, sex factors, twins},
	pages = {991--998},
}

Website  abstract   bibtex   

@article{
 title = {Adolescent female murderers: characteristics and treatment implications.},
 type = {article},
 year = {2007},
 identifiers = {[object Object]},
 keywords = {Adolescent,Criminal Law,Criminal Law: legislation & jurisprudence,Female,Homicide,Homicide: psychology,Humans,Psychotic Disorders,Psychotic Disorders: epidemiology,Psychotic Disorders: psychology,Psychotic Disorders: therapy},
 pages = {489-96},
 volume = {77},
 websites = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17696677},
 month = {7},
 id = {85485f9c-e2ab-3dd3-a69d-2ca4757631df},
 created = {2016-09-13T00:48:33.000Z},
 accessed = {2016-09-05},
 file_attached = {false},
 profile_id = {c7856f8a-4963-3e63-90cb-57986d91c9b0},
 group_id = {1fd78437-06d9-37cf-b89d-417b03940b66},
 last_modified = {2016-09-13T05:55:50.000Z},
 read = {false},
 starred = {false},
 authored = {false},
 confirmed = {false},
 hidden = {false},
 abstract = {This study examines individual and family characteristics of a population of 29 adolescent females charged with homicide or attempted homicide in the juvenile justice system. The purpose of this study is to contribute to the limited knowledge about adolescent females charged with homicide. Data were collected including the MAYSI-2, a risk classification instrument, and social, educational and family histories. Findings include high rates of reported substance use, delinquent peers, early indicators of mental health problems, and limited control and supervision by parents. The most common weapon used was a car and the most common victim was a known person. A comparison was conducted on girls charged with homicide during the commission of another crime or committed during a conflict. The conflict group was found to victimize friends and family significantly more often than the crime group. The crime group showed higher use of alcohol and drugs, used a gun more and had co-offenders at a higher rate. A profile was developed to describe the typical adolescent female homicide offender found in this study. Treatment recommendations and future research were discussed.},
 bibtype = {article},
 author = {Roe-Sepowitz, Dominique},
 journal = {The American journal of orthopsychiatry},
 number = {3}
}

@article{fox_prevalence_2006,
	title = {Prevalence of inadequate glycemic control among patients with type 2 diabetes in the {United} {Kingdom} general practice research database: {A} series of retrospective analyses of data from 1998 through 2002},
	volume = {28},
	issn = {0149-2918},
	shorttitle = {Prevalence of inadequate glycemic control among patients with type 2 diabetes in the {United} {Kingdom} general practice research database},
	doi = {10.1016/j.clinthera.2006.03.005},
	abstract = {BACKGROUND: Since the mid-1990s, the development of new oral antidiabetic agents (OAs) and treatment guidelines have created an opportunity to improve glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes.
OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to assess the prevalence of good and inadequate glycemic control across a 5-year period among patients with diabetes in the United Kingdom. It also investigated the factors associated with achieving glycemic targets.
METHODS: This was a retrospective, cross-sectional analysis of data from the General Practice Research Database. Three limits were used to assess glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c): 6.5\%, 7.0\%, or 7.5\%. Values above the cutoffs indicated inadequate control of HbA1c; those at or below the cutoffs indicated good control. The study evaluated clinical and pharmacy data from the years 1998 to 2002 for patients with type 2 diabetes, {\textgreater} or =2 years of follow-up, and {\textgreater} or =2 HbA1c measurements during the first year. Five independent cross-sectional analyses were conducted, grouping data by year. Statistical significance was determined by Student t and chi2 tests.
RESULTS: Data were analyzed for 10,663 patients aged 17 to 98 years. The number of total eligible type 2 diabetes patients increased over the course of the study period: 5674 patients in 1998, 6553 in 1999, 7314 in 2000, 7323 in 2001, and 6192 in 2002. Overall, the study population had a mean (SD) age of 66 (11.0) years, was 53\% male (3033/5674), and had a body mass index of 29 kg/m(2). Seventy-six percent of patients had HbA1c {\textgreater}7.0\% and 37\% were taking {\textgreater} or =2 oral agents. In 1998 and 2002, 79\% (4482/5674) and 76\% (4732/6192) of patients, respectively, had inadequate glycemic control, defined as HbA1c {\textgreater}7.0\%. When defined as HbA1c {\textgreater}7.5\%, 69\% (3923/5674) and 62\% (3814/6192) of patients, respectively, had inadequate control. Finally, when defined as HbA1c {\textgreater}6.5\%, 88\% (5011/5674) of patients in both 1998 and 2002 had inadequate control. Compared with patients with good disease control (HbA1c {\textless} or =7.0\%), patients with inadequate control were approximately 2 years younger (P {\textless} 0.001) and had been prescribed more OAs: 41\% received {\textgreater} or =2 OAs in 1998 and 52\% in 2002, compared with 23\% and 34\% (both, P = 0.001), respectively, of patients with good glycemic control (P {\textless} 0.02). Sex, number of diabetes complications, and number of comorbidities did not differ between groups (P = NS).
CONCLUSIONS: Despite the introduction of new OAs and treatment guidelines, the prevalence of inadequate glycemic control remains high ({\textgreater}60\%) in patients with type 2 diabetes in the United Kingdom. Regardless of the HbA1c cutoff, patients with inadequate control were younger and received prescriptions for more OAs than patients with good control.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {3},
	journal = {Clinical Therapeutics},
	author = {Fox, Kathleen M. and Gerber Pharmd, Robert A. and Bolinder, Bjorn and Chen, Jack and Kumar, Sanjaya},
	month = mar,
	year = {2006},
	pmid = {16750453},
	keywords = {Administration, Oral, Adolescent, Adult, Age Factors, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Body Mass Index, Cross-Sectional Studies, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Family Practice, Female, Great Britain, Hemoglobin A, Glycosylated, Humans, Hypoglycemic Agents, Insulin, Male, Middle Aged, Prevalence, Retrospective Studies, databases as topic},
	pages = {388--395}
}

Website  abstract   bibtex   

@article{
 title = {Child passenger safety for inner-city Latinos: new approaches from the community.},
 type = {article},
 year = {2006},
 identifiers = {[object Object]},
 keywords = {Adolescent,Adult,Attitudes,Automobiles,Child,Community Health Services,Community Health Services: organization & administ,Female,Health Education,Health Education: methods,Health Knowledge,Hispanic Americans,Humans,Infant,Infant Equipment,Infant Equipment: utilization,Male,Middle Aged,Newborn,Parents,Practice,Preschool,Program Evaluation,United States,Urban Health Services,Urban Health Services: organization & administrati,Wounds and Injuries,Wounds and Injuries: ethnology,Wounds and Injuries: prevention & control},
 pages = {99-104},
 volume = {12},
 websites = {http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=2577363&tool=pmcentrez&rendertype=abstract},
 month = {4},
 id = {87fdea4a-6f0c-3a6b-86a9-61cad4b0a1b7},
 created = {2016-09-13T00:48:25.000Z},
 accessed = {2016-09-05},
 file_attached = {false},
 profile_id = {c7856f8a-4963-3e63-90cb-57986d91c9b0},
 group_id = {1fd78437-06d9-37cf-b89d-417b03940b66},
 last_modified = {2016-09-13T05:55:52.000Z},
 read = {false},
 starred = {false},
 authored = {false},
 confirmed = {false},
 hidden = {false},
 abstract = {Motor vehicle crashes injuries, the leading cause of death for Latino children in the United States, can be reduced by the correct use of child safety seats. This study evaluated the ability of a community health worker education program to improve proper child safety seat usage in urban low income Latino families.},
 bibtype = {article},
 author = {Martin, M. and Holden, J. and Chen, Z. and Quinlan, K.},
 journal = {Injury prevention : journal of the International Society for Child and Adolescent Injury Prevention},
 number = {2}
}

Paper  abstract   bibtex   

@article{nelson_physical_2006,
	title = {Physical activity and sedentary behavior patterns are associated with selected adolescent health risk behaviors.},
	volume = {117},
	issn = {1098-4275},
	url = {http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/117/4/1281},
	abstract = {OBJECTIVE: Little is known about how physical activity (PA), sedentary behavior, and various adolescent health risk behaviors are associated. The objective of this study was to examine relationships between PA and sedentary behavior patterns and an array of risk behaviors, including leading causes of adolescent morbidity/mortality. METHODS: Nationally representative self-reported data were collected (National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health; wave I: 1994-1995; II: 1996; N = 11957). Previously developed and validated cluster analyses identified 7 homogeneous groups of adolescents sharing PA and sedentary behaviors. Poisson regression predicted the relative risk of health risk behaviors, other weekly activities, and self-esteem across the 7 PA/sedentary behavior clusters controlling for demographics and socioeconomic status. Main outcome measures were adolescent risk behaviors (eg, truancy, cigarette smoking, sexual intercourse, delinquency), other weekly activities (eg, work, academic performance, sleep), self-esteem. RESULTS: Relative to high television (TV) and video viewers, adolescents in clusters characterized by skating and video gaming, high overall sports and sports participation with parents, using neighborhood recreation center, strict parental control of TV, reporting few activities overall, and being active in school were less likely to participate in a range of risky behaviors, ranging from an adjusted risk ratio (ARR) of 0.42 (outcome: illegal drug use, cluster: strict parental control of TV) to 0.88 (outcome: violence, cluster: sports with parents). Active teens were less likely to have low self-esteem (eg, adolescents engaging in sports with parents, ARR: 0.73) and more likely to have higher grades (eg, active in school, ARR: 1.20). CONCLUSIONS: Participation in a range of PA-related behaviors, particularly those characterized by high parental sports/exercise involvement, was associated with favorable adolescent risk profiles. Adolescents with high TV/video viewership were less likely to have positive risk behavior outcomes. Enhancing opportunities for PA and sport may have a beneficial effect on leading adolescent risk behaviors.},
	number = {4},
	urldate = {2014-03-19},
	journal = {Pediatrics},
	author = {Nelson, Melissa C and Gordon-Larsen, Penny},
	month = apr,
	year = {2006},
	pmid = {16585325},
	keywords = {Absenteeism, Adolescent, Adolescent Behavior, Alcohol Drinking, Exercise, Female, Health Behavior, Humans, Male, Risk-Taking, Self Concept, Sexual Behavior, Smoking, Socioeconomic Factors},
	pages = {1281--90},
}

Paper  doi  abstract   bibtex   

@article{mazard_neural_2005,
	title = {Neural impact of the semantic content of visual mental images and visual percepts},
	volume = {24},
	url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=16099355},
	doi = {10/cwgtzc},
	abstract = {The existence of hemispheric lateralization of visual mental imagery remains controversial. In light of the literature, we used fMRI to test whether processing of mental images of object drawings preferentially engages the left hemisphere to compared non-object drawings. An equivalent comparison was also made while participants actually perceived object and non-object drawings. Although these two conditions engaged both hemispheres, activation was significantly stronger in the left occipito-temporo-frontal network during mental inspection of object than of non-object drawings. This network was also activated when perception of object drawings was compared to that of non-object drawings. An interaction was nonetheless observed: this effect was stronger during imagery than during perception in the left inferior frontal and the left inferior temporal gyrus. Although the tasks subjects performed did not explicitly require semantic analysis, activation of this network probably reflected, at least in part, a semantic and possibly a verbal retrieval component when object drawings were processed. Mental imagery tasks elicited activation of early visual cortex at a lower level than perception tasks. In the context of the imagery debate, these findings indicate that, as previously suggested, figurative imagery could involve primary visual cortex and adjacent areas.},
	number = {3},
	journal = {Brain Res Cogn Brain Res},
	author = {Mazard, A. and Laou, L. and Joliot, M. and Mellet, E.},
	year = {2005},
	keywords = {\#nosource, Adolescent, Adult, Cerebral Cortex/*physiology, Data Interpretation, Statistical, Female, Functional Laterality/physiology, Humans, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Imagination/*physiology, Learning/physiology, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Memory/*physiology, Nerve Net/physiology, Photic Stimulation, Semantics, Visual Cortex/physiology, Visual Perception/*physiology},
	pages = {423--35},
}

Paper  doi  abstract   bibtex   

@article{cherry_defining_2005,
	title = {Defining pertussis epidemiology: clinical, microbiologic and serologic perspectives},
	volume = {24},
	issn = {0891-3668},
	shorttitle = {Defining pertussis epidemiology},
	url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15876920},
	doi = {00006454-200505001-00005},
	abstract = {In the past decade, numerous sources have noted an increase in reported pertussis in highly immunized populations. This has been accompanied by a perceived change in disease epidemiology, characterized by a significant increase in reported pertussis incidence among adolescents and adults. In populations where children are routinely immunized, adolescents and adults now constitute the main source of infection in infants. However, a range of factors makes delineation of these epidemiologic trends difficult. Reported cases of pertussis represent only a fraction of the actual number of Bordetella pertussis symptomatic infections, because underconsulting, underrecognition and underdiagnosis are widespread and are a particular problem in adolescents and adults. Possible explanations for failure to diagnose pertussis include the heterogeneity in pertussis disease expression and low physician awareness and index of suspicion. Consequently defining pertussis from a clinical perspective is difficult, and this is reflected by a lack of consistency between case definitions. Although case definitions for specific circumstances have been established by the World Health Organization and the United States Centers for Disease Control, these are not universally useful, making intercountry comparisons and global evaluation difficult. Less-than-optimal and poorly performed laboratory tests, or their lack of availability, also make confirmation of B. pertussis infection difficult. To overcome these problems, clinical case definitions should be standardized for outbreak and endemic situations. Rapid, easy-to-use and inexpensive laboratory diagnostic techniques also must be made available and be widely implemented. In particular, polymerase chain reaction and single serum serology are 2 techniques that should be more widely adopted.},
	number = {5 Suppl},
	urldate = {2008-10-01},
	journal = {The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal},
	author = {Cherry, James D and Grimprel, Emmanuel and Guiso, Nicole and Heininger, Ulrich and Mertsola, Jussi},
	month = may,
	year = {2005},
	pmid = {15876920},
	keywords = {Adolescent, Adult, Age Distribution, Bordetella pertussis, Child, Child, Preschool, Communicable Disease Control, Cough, Diphtheria-Tetanus-Pertussis Vaccine, Disease Notification, Female, Humans, Incidence, Infant, Male, Risk Assessment, Serologic Tests, Sex Distribution, Vaccination, Whooping Cough, World Health, World Health Organization},
	pages = {S25--34},
}

@article{helms_utility_2005,
	title = {Utility of routinely acquired primary care data for paediatric disease epidemiology and pharmacoepidemiology},
	volume = {59},
	issn = {0306-5251},
	doi = {10.1111/j.1365-2125.2005.02404.x},
	abstract = {BACKGROUND: The majority of medicines prescribed for children are prescribed in primary care for common acute and chronic conditions. This is in contrast to prescribing in secondary care where the population of children admitted is small but where a large number of different medicines are prescribed to treat more serious and less common conditions.
METHODS: Data on prescribing was extracted from the General Practice Administration System for Scotland (GPASS) for the year November 1999 to October 2000 and prescribing patterns for children aged 0-16 years expressed as percentages. A comparison of age specific consultations for asthma, as an example of a common paediatric condition, was also made between two separate general practice data sets, the General Practice Research Database (GRPD) and the continuous morbidity recording (CMR) subset of GPASS.
RESULTS: Of 214 medicines investigated for unlicensed and off-label prescribing no unlicensed prescribing was identified. Off-label prescribing due to age was most common among younger and older children. The most common reasons for off-label prescriptions were, in order of frequency, lower than recommended dose, higher than recommended dose, below the recommended age, and unlicensed formulation. Age and gender specific consultations for asthma were similar in the two representative databases, GPRD and CMR, both showing disappearance of the male predominance in the teenage years.
CONCLUSIONS: Large primary care data sets available within a unified health care system such as the UK National Health Service (NHS) are likely to be broadly compatible and produce similar results. The prescribing of off-label medicines to children is common in primary care, most commonly due to prescribing out with the recommended dosage regimen.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {6},
	journal = {British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology},
	author = {Helms, Peter J. and Ekins Daukes, Suzie and Taylor, Michael W. and Simpson, Colin R. and McLay, James S.},
	month = jun,
	year = {2005},
	pmid = {15948933},
	pmcid = {PMC1884863},
	keywords = {Adolescent, Age Distribution, Asthma, Child, Child, Preschool, Databases, Factual, Drug Approval, Drug Prescriptions, Female, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Male, Medical Records Systems, Computerized, Pediatrics, Primary Health Care, Reproducibility of Results, Scotland, State Medicine, pharmacoepidemiology},
	pages = {684--690}
}

Paper  abstract   bibtex   

@article{oner_attentional_2005,
	title = {Attentional and neurocognitive characteristics of high-risk offspring of parents with schizophrenia compared with {DSM}-{IV} attention deficit hyperactivity disorder children.},
	volume = {76},
	issn = {0920-9964},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0920996405000447},
	abstract = {Offspring of individuals with schizophrenia are at increased baseline risk for a range of early mental disorders. Studies investigating the premorbid characteristics of individuals with schizophrenia indicate that they suffer from social, behavioral, attentional and neurocognitive impairments, often resembling attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). In this study, we compared the executive functioning and general intelligence among three groups: (i) children and adolescents with DSM-IV ADHD (n=41), (ii) "high-risk" (HR) offspring of parents with DSM-IV schizophrenia, and (iii) normal comparison subjects (n=35). Our results indicated that both HR and ADHD groups had lower Verbal IQ scores. ADHD cases had significantly lower percent correct and total errors in Wisconsin Cart Sorting Test when compared with normal comparison subjects. The HR cases also had lower Performance IQ scores as well as worse abstraction--flexibility and comprehension performance. The HR group was further stratified with (HR-A) and without (HR-NA) comorbid ADHD, and HR-A subjects were significantly noted to be more impaired on most tests. The overall worse performance of HR offspring was attributable to significantly lower performance among the HR-A youth. Further, our results suggested that the most profoundly impaired HR subjects were in fact children and adolescents who also met criteria for ADHD. Future studies with broader neuropsychological test batteries are necessary to investigate the differences and similarities between ADHD and the HR-A subgroup.},
	number = {2-3},
	urldate = {2014-05-23},
	journal = {Schizophrenia research},
	author = {Oner, Ozgür and Munir, Kerim},
	month = jul,
	year = {2005},
	keywords = {Adolescent, Attention, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity: dia, Child, Child of Impaired Parents, Child of Impaired Parents: psychology, Cognition Disorders, Cognition Disorders: diagnosis, Cognition Disorders: etiology, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disord, Female, Humans, Male, Neuropsychological Tests, Risk Assessment, Risk Factors, Schizophrenia, Schizophrenia: complications, Schizophrenia: diagnosis, Schizophrenia: genetics, Severity of Illness Index},
	pages = {293--9},
}

Paper  abstract   bibtex   

@article{
 title = {The preparation of reach-to-grasp movements in adults, children, and children with movement problems.},
 type = {article},
 year = {2005},
 identifiers = {[object Object]},
 pages = {1249-1263},
 volume = {58},
 id = {6655dc6a-a75f-3c4b-9034-d2a3d072dd0b},
 created = {2016-01-12T14:18:51.000Z},
 file_attached = {true},
 profile_id = {d5b53108-91c5-30b8-8e6c-dd027f636bcd},
 last_modified = {2017-03-16T06:19:45.131Z},
 read = {false},
 starred = {false},
 authored = {true},
 confirmed = {true},
 hidden = {false},
 abstract = {This study explored the use of advance information in the control of reach-to-grasp movements. The paradigm required participants to reach and grasp illuminated blocks with their right hand. Four target blocks were positioned on a table surface, two each side of the mid-saggital plane. In the complete precue condition, advance information precisely specified target location. In the partial precue condition, advance information indicated target location relative to the midsaggital plane (left or right). In the null condition, the advance information was entirely ambiguous. Participants produced fastest responses in the complete precue condition, intermediate response times in the partial condition, and the slowest responses in the null condition. This result was observed in adults and four groups of children including a group aged 4-6 years. In contrast, children with Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD, n=11, aged 7--13 years) showed no advantage of partial precueing. Movement duration was determined by target location but was unaffected by precue condition. Movement duration was a clear function of age apart from children in the DCD group who showed equivalent movement times to those of the youngest children. These findings provide important insights into the control of reach-to-grasp movements and highlight that partial cues are exploited by children as young as 4 years but are not used in situations of abnormal development.},
 bibtype = {article},
 author = {Mon-Williams, M and Tresilian, J R and Bell, V E and Coppard, V L and Nixdorf, M and Carson, R G},
 journal = {The Quarterly journal of experimental psychology. A, Human experimental psychology},
 number = {October 2014}
}

@Article{Backwell2004,
  author   = {Patricia R Y Backwell and Michael D Jennions},
  journal  = {Nature},
  title    = {Animal behaviour: {C}oalition among male fiddler crabs.},
  year     = {2004},
  number   = {6998},
  pages    = {417},
  volume   = {430},
  abstract = {Until now, no compelling evidence has emerged from studies of animal
	territoriality to indicate that a resident will strategically help
	a neighbour to defend its territory against an intruder. We show
	here that territory-owning Australian fiddler crabs will judiciously
	assist other crabs in defending their neighbouring territories. This
	cooperation supports the prediction that it is sometimes less costly
	to assist a familiar neighbour than to renegotiate boundaries with
	a new, and possibly stronger, neighbour.},
  doi      = {10.1038/430417a},
  keywords = {Animals, Attention, Brain, Decision Making, Face, Female, Haplorhini, Housing, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Models, Neurological, Pattern Recognition, Visual, Photic Stimulation, Prefrontal Cortex, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S., Visual Perception, Choice Behavior, Cognition, Dopamine, Learning, Schizophrenia, Substance-Related Disorders, Generalization (Psychology), Motor Skills, Non-P.H.S., Nerve Net, Neuronal Plasticity, Perception, Cerebral Cortex, Memory, Neurons, Sound Localization, Synapses, Synaptic Transmission, Neural Pathways, Non-, Acoustic Stimulation, Adult, Age of Onset, Aging, Blindness, Child, Preschool, Infant, Newborn, Pitch Perception, Analysis of Variance, Animal Welfare, Laboratory, Behavior, Animal, Hybridization, Genetic, Maze Learning, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Inbred DBA, Phenotype, Reproducibility of Results, Darkness, Deafness, Finches, Sleep, Sound, Sunlight, Time Factors, Vocalization, Energy Metabolism, Evolution, Fossils, History, Ancient, Hominidae, Biological, Physical Endurance, Running, Skeleton, Walking, Acoustics, Auditory Perception, Cues, Discrimination Learning, Pair Bond, Social Behavior, Songbirds, Adolescent, England, Habituation (Psychophysiology), Korea, Language, Semantics, Vocabulary, Action Potentials, Hippocampus, Pyramidal Cells, Rats, Rotation, Australia, Brachyura, Cooperative Behavior, Logistic Models, Territoriality, 15269757},
}

@article{steen_violence_2004,
	title = {Violence in an urban community from the perspective of an accident and emergency department: a two-year prospective study},
	volume = {10},
	issn = {1234-1010},
	shorttitle = {Violence in an urban community from the perspective of an accident and emergency department},
	abstract = {BACKGROUND: Information about violence in a given community is usually based on crime statistics. The aim of this study was to explore violence in an urban community from the perspective of an accident and emergency department.
MATERIAL/METHODS: All assault victims treated at the Bergen Accident and Emergency Department (AED) during a two-year period (1994-1996) were prospectively registered, and data were collected about the patients and the assault incidents. To assess the proportion of unrecognized assault victims treated at the AED, an anonymous questionnaire was sent to all adult patients (first-time consultations) who visited the AED during a ten-day period in 1997.
RESULTS: 1803 assault victims were registered, 433 of whom (24\%) were females. Most of the victims were young men assaulted at public locations, under the influence of alcohol, often by unknown attackers, and frequently feeling that the attack was unprovoked (and thus defined as street violence). Few victims of child abuse or elder abuse were identified. About 40\% of the females were victims of domestic violence. Non-Norwegians, unemployed, and people living in economically deprived areas of the community were over represented. A minority of the assault victims wanted to press legal charges. From the postal survey (n=1264, response rate 43\%) few unrecognized victims of violence could be identified among our patients.
CONCLUSIONS: An accident and emergency department registration of violence victims will mostly identify male victims of street violence.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {2},
	journal = {Medical Science Monitor: International Medical Journal of Experimental and Clinical Research},
	author = {Steen, Knut and Hunskaar, Steinar},
	month = feb,
	year = {2004},
	pmid = {14737047},
	keywords = {Adolescent, Adult, Child, Child, Preschool, Crime Victims, Domestic Violence, Emergency Service, Hospital, Female, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Male, Middle Aged, Periodicity, Prospective Studies, Surveys and Questionnaires, Time Factors, Urban Population, Violence},
	pages = {CR75--79},
}

Paper  abstract   bibtex   

@article{riva_use_2003,
	title = {The use of the internet in psychological research: comparison of online and offline questionnaires.},
	volume = {6},
	issn = {1094-9313},
	url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12650565},
	abstract = {The Internet can be an effective medium for the posting, exchange, and collection of information in psychology-related research and data. The relative ease and inexpensiveness of creating and maintaining Web-based applications, associated with the simplicity of use via the graphic-user interface format of form-based surveys, can establish a new research frontier for the social and behavioral sciences. To explore the possible use of Internet tools in psychological research, this study compared Web-based assessment techniques with traditional paper-based methods of different measures of Internet attitudes and behaviors in an Italian sample. The collected data were analyzed to identify both differences between the two samples and in the psychometric characteristics of the questionnaires. Even if we found significant differences between the two samples in the Internet attitudes and behaviors, no relevant differences were found in the psychometric properties of the different questionnaires. This result, similar to the ones previously obtained in Web-based assessments of personality constructs, is even more interesting given the lack of control on the characteristics of the online sample. These finding suggests that, if sampling control and validity assessment is provided, Internet-based questionnaires can be a suitable alternative to more traditional paper-based measures.},
	number = {1},
	urldate = {2012-07-29},
	journal = {Cyberpsychology \& behavior : the impact of the Internet, multimedia and virtual reality on behavior and society},
	author = {Riva, Giuseppe and Teruzzi, Tiziana and Anolli, Luigi},
	month = feb,
	year = {2003},
	keywords = {Adolescent, Adult, Female, Humans, Internet, Male, Psychology, Psychology: instrumentation, Psychometrics, Psychometrics: instrumentation, Questionnaires, Research, Research: instrumentation},
	pages = {73--80},
}

Paper  abstract   bibtex   

@article{aman_methylphenidate_2003,
	title = {Methylphenidate treatment in children with borderline {IQ} and mental retardation: analysis of three aggregated studies},
	volume = {13},
	issn = {1044-5463},
	url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12804124},
	abstract = {To determine response of low-IQ children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms to methylphenidate (MPH).},
	number = {1},
	urldate = {2012-07-23},
	journal = {Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology},
	author = {Aman, Michael G and Buican, Brett and Arnold, L. Eugene},
	month = jan,
	year = {2003},
	keywords = {Adolescent, Adolescent Behavior, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity: com, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity: dru, Central Nervous System Stimulants, Central Nervous System Stimulants: therapeutic use, Child, Child Behavior, Female, Humans, Intellectual Disability, Intellectual Disability: complications, Intellectual Disability: drug therapy, Intelligence Tests, Male, Methylphenidate, Methylphenidate: therapeutic use, Preschool, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Psychomotor Performance, Treatment Outcome},
	pages = {29--40},
}

Paper  doi  abstract   bibtex   

@article{geller_dsm-iv_2002,
	title = {{DSM}-{IV} mania symptoms in a prepubertal and early adolescent bipolar disorder phenotype compared to attention-deficit hyperactive and normal controls.},
	volume = {12},
	issn = {1044-5463},
	url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12014591},
	doi = {10.1089/10445460252943533},
	abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To compare the prevalence of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th edition (DSM-IV) mania symptoms in a prepubertal and early adolescent bipolar disorder phenotype (PEA-BP) to those with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and normal community controls (CC).

METHODS: To optimize generalizeability, subjects with PEA-BP and ADHD were consecutively ascertained from outpatient pediatric and psychiatric sites, and CC subjects were obtained from a random survey. All 268 subjects (93 with PEA-BP, 81 with ADHD, and 94 CC) received comprehensive, blind, baseline research assessments of mothers about their children and of children about themselves. PEA-BP was defined by DSM-IV mania with elation and/or grandiosity as one criterion to ensure that subjects had one of the two cardinal symptoms of mania and to avoid diagnosing mania only by criteria that overlapped with those for ADHD.

RESULTS: Five symptoms (i.e., elation, grandiosity, flight of ideas/racing thoughts, decreased need for sleep, and hypersexuality) provided the best discrimination of PEA-BP subjects from ADHD and CC controls. These five symptoms are also mania-specific in DSM-IV (i.e., they do not overlap with DSM-IV symptoms for ADHD). Irritability, hyperactivity, accelerated speech, and distractibility were very frequent in both PEA-BP and ADHD groups and therefore were not useful for differential diagnosis. Concurrent elation and irritability occurred in 87.1\% of subjects with PEA-BP. Data on suicidality, psychosis, mixed mania, and continuous rapid cycling were also provided.

CONCLUSION: Unlike late teenage/adult onset bipolar disorder, even subjects with PEA-BP selected for DSM-IV mania with cardinal symptoms have high rates of comorbid DSM-IV ADHD. High rates of concurrent elation and irritability were similar to those in adult mania.},
	number = {1},
	urldate = {2015-05-23},
	journal = {Journal of child and adolescent psychopharmacology},
	author = {Geller, Barbara and Zimerman, Betsy and Williams, Marlene and Delbello, Melissa P and Bolhofner, Kristine and Craney, James L and Frazier, Jeanne and Beringer, Linda and Nickelsburg, Michael J},
	month = jan,
	year = {2002},
	pmid = {12014591},
	keywords = {Adolescent, Age Factors, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity: cla, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity: com, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity: gen, Bipolar Disorder, Bipolar Disorder: classification, Bipolar Disorder: complications, Bipolar Disorder: genetics, Child, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disord, Disorders of Excessive Somnolence, Disorders of Excessive Somnolence: classification, Disorders of Excessive Somnolence: etiology, Disorders of Excessive Somnolence: genetics, Female, Humans, Male, Mental Disorders, Mental Disorders: classification, Mental Disorders: etiology, Mental Disorders: genetics, Mood Disorders, Mood Disorders: classification, Mood Disorders: etiology, Mood Disorders: genetics, Phenotype, Reference Values, Sexuality, Sexuality: classification},
	pages = {11--25},
}

Paper  abstract   bibtex   

@article{biederman_impact_2002,
	title = {Impact of exposure to parental attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder on clinical features and dysfunction in the offspring.},
	volume = {32},
	issn = {0033-2917},
	url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12171376},
	abstract = {Although genes are known to influence the aetiology of ADHD, the impact of exposure to parental ADHD has received limited scientific scrutiny. This study investigated the impact of exposure to parental ADHD on clinical features and dysfunction in offspring.},
	number = {5},
	journal = {Psychological medicine},
	author = {Biederman, J and Faraone, S V and Monuteaux, M C},
	month = jul,
	year = {2002},
	pmid = {12171376},
	keywords = {Adolescent, Adult, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity: gen, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity: psy, Case-Control Studies, Child, Child of Impaired Parents, Child of Impaired Parents: psychology, Educational Status, Female, Humans, Male, Personality Development, Risk, Social Environment},
	pages = {817--27},
}

Paper  doi  abstract   bibtex   

@article{li_peculiar_2002,
	title = {Peculiar unilateral fixed drug eruption of the breast},
	volume = {41},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	issn = {0011-9059 (Print) 0011-9059 (Linking)},
	url = {https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11982645},
	doi = {10.1046/j.1365-4362.2002.01405.x},
	abstract = {BACKGROUND: Fixed drug eruption (FDE) is a common cutaneous disorder which develops within hours of taking the offending drug and recurs at the same site with subsequent exposure to the same drug. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are common offending drugs. METHODS: A 14-year-old girl initially presented with a 1-year history of a recurrent reddish-brown plaque around her right areola. The lesion became pruritic and raised during menses, and subsided during the remainder of her menstrual cycle with the exception of persistent residual hyperpigmentation. The patient had a pattern of naproxen use during menses for dysmenorrhea. RESULTS: The skin biopsy specimen revealed focal bullae formation and scattered necrotic keratinocytes in epidermis, hydropic degeneration of the basal cell layer, pigmentary incontinence and a perivascular infiltrate composed of lymphocytes and eosinophils. These changes confirmed the diagnosis of fixed drug eruption. CONCLUSION: Fixed drug eruption to nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs is common. However, FDE due to naproxen, one of the NSAIDs, is rarely reported. We describe an unusual case of FDE, which recurred at each menses.},
	number = {2},
	journal = {Int J Dermatol},
	author = {Li, H. and Wiederkehr, M. and Rao, Bk and Samady, J. A. and Gardner, B. and Lambert, W. C. and Schwartz, R. A.},
	month = feb,
	year = {2002},
	keywords = {Adolescent, Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/*adverse effects, Breast Diseases/*chemically induced/*pathology, Drug Eruptions/*etiology/*pathology, Female, Humans, Naproxen/*adverse effects},
	pages = {96--8},
}

@Article{Wolff2001,
  author   = {C Wolff and E Schr\"oger},
  journal  = {Brain Res Cogn Brain Res},
  title    = {Activation of the auditory pre-attentive change detection system by tone repetitions with fast stimulation rate.},
  year     = {2001},
  number   = {3},
  pages    = {323-7},
  volume   = {10},
  abstract = {The human automatic pre-attentive change detection system indexed
	by the mismatch negativity (MMN) component of the auditory event-related
	brain potential is known to be highly adaptive. The present study
	showed that even infrequent repetitions of tones can elicit MMN,
	independently of attention, when tones of varying frequency are rapidly
	presented in an isochronous rhythm. This demonstrates that frequency
	variation can be extracted as an invariant feature of the acoustic
	environment revealing the capacity for adaptation of the auditory
	pre-attentive change detection system. It is argued that this capacity
	is related to the temporal-window of integration.},
  keywords = {Computing Methodologies, Human, Language, Learning, Mental Processes, Models, Theoretical, Stochastic Processes, Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S., Cognition, Linguistics, Neural Networks (Computer), Practice (Psychology), Non-U.S. Gov't, Memory, Psychological, Task Performance and Analysis, Time Factors, Visual Perception, Adult, Attention, Discrimination Learning, Female, Male, Short-Term, Mental Recall, Orientation, Pattern Recognition, Visual, Perceptual Masking, Reading, Concept Formation, Form Perception, Animals, Corpus Striatum, Shrews, P.H.S., Visual Cortex, Visual Pathways, Acoustic Stimulation, Auditory Cortex, Auditory Perception, Cochlea, Ear, Gerbillinae, Glycine, Hearing, Neurons, Space Perception, Strychnine, Adolescent, Decision Making, Reaction Time, Astrocytoma, Brain Mapping, Brain Neoplasms, Cerebral Cortex, Electric Stimulation, Electrophysiology, Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe, Evoked Potentials, Frontal Lobe, Noise, Parietal Lobe, Scalp, Child, Language Development, Psycholinguistics, Brain, Perception, Speech, Vocalization, Animal, Discrimination (Psychology), Hippocampus, Rats, Calcium, Chelating Agents, Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials, Glutamic Acid, Guanosine Diphosphate, In Vitro, Neuronal Plasticity, Pyramidal Cells, Receptors, AMPA, Metabotropic Glutamate, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate, Somatosensory Cortex, Synapses, Synaptic Transmission, Thionucleotides, Action Potentials, Calcium Channels, L-Type, Electric Conductivity, Entorhinal Cortex, Neurological, Long-Evans, Infant, Mathematics, Statistics, Probability Learning, Problem Solving, Psychophysics, Association Learning, Child Psychology, Habituation (Psychophysiology), Probability Theory, Analysis of Variance, Semantics, Symbolism, Behavior, Eye Movements, Macaca mulatta, Prefrontal Cortex, Cats, Dogs, Haplorhini, Photic Stimulation, Electroencephalography, Nervous System Physiology, Darkness, Grasshoppers, Light, Membrane Potentials, Neural Inhibition, Afferent, Picrotoxin, Vision, Deoxyglucose, Injections, Microspheres, Neural Pathways, Rhodamines, Choice Behavior, Speech Perception, Verbal Learning, Dominance, Cerebral, Fixation, Ocular, Language Tests, Random Allocation, Comparative Study, Saguinus, Sound Spectrography, Species Specificity, Audiometry, Auditory Threshold, Calibration, Data Interpretation, Statistical, Anesthesia, General, Electrodes, Implanted, Pitch Perception, Sound Localization, Paired-Associate Learning, Serial Learning, Auditory, Age Factors, Motion Perception, Brain Injuries, Computer Simulation, Blindness, Psychomotor Performance, Color Perception, Signal Detection (Psychology), Judgment, ROC Curve, Regression Analysis, Music, Probability, Arm, Cerebrovascular Disorders, Hemiplegia, Movement, Muscle, Skeletal, Myoclonus, Robotics, Magnetoencephalography, Phonetics, Software, Speech Production Measurement, Epilepsies, Partial, Laterality, Stereotaxic Techniques, Germany, Speech Acoustics, Verbal Behavior, Child Development, Instinct, Brain Stem, Coma, Diagnosis, Differential, Hearing Disorders, Hearing Loss, Central, Neuroma, Acoustic, Dendrites, Down-Regulation, Patch-Clamp Techniques, Wistar, Up-Regulation, Aged, Aphasia, Middle Aged, Cones (Retina), Primates, Retina, Retinal Ganglion Cells, Tympanic Membrane, Cell Communication, Extremities, Biological, Motor Activity, Rana catesbeiana, Spinal Cord, Central Nervous System, Motion, Motor Cortex, Intelligence, Macaca fascicularis, Adoption, Critical Period (Psychology), France, Korea, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Multilingualism, Auditory Pathways, Cochlear Nerve, Loudness Perception, Neural Conduction, Sensory Thresholds, Sound, Language Disorders, Preschool, Generalization (Psychology), Vocabulary, Biophysics, Nerve Net, Potassium Channels, Sodium Channels, Cues, Differential Threshold, Arousal, Newborn, Sucking Behavior, Ferrets, Microelectrodes, Gestalt Theory, Mathematical Computing, Perceptual Closure, Vestibulocochlear Nerve, Brain Damage, Chronic, Regional Blood Flow, Thinking, Tomography, Emission-Computed, Case-Control Studies, Multivariate Analysis, Artificial Intelligence, Depth Perception, Broca, Encephalitis, Herpes Simplex, Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery, X-Ray Computed, 11167055},
}

Website  abstract   bibtex   

@article{
 title = {Multivariate frailty model with a major gene: application to genealogical data},
 type = {article},
 year = {2000},
 identifiers = {[object Object]},
 keywords = {*Genetic Predisposition to Disease,*Models, Genetic,Adolescent,Adult,Alleles,Child,Child, Preschool,Female,Genotype,Humans,Infant,Infant, Newborn,Longevity/*genetics,Male,Mathematical Computing,Multivariate Analysis,Quebec,Risk,Software,Survival Analysis},
 pages = {412-416},
 volume = {77},
 websites = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=11187585},
 id = {23588418-0e3c-33dd-b0e4-fed475556b34},
 created = {2017-06-19T13:44:21.917Z},
 file_attached = {false},
 profile_id = {de68dde1-2ff3-3a4e-a214-ef424d0c7646},
 group_id = {b2078731-0913-33b9-8902-a53629a24e83},
 last_modified = {2017-06-19T13:44:22.080Z},
 read = {false},
 starred = {false},
 authored = {false},
 confirmed = {true},
 hidden = {false},
 source_type = {Journal Article},
 notes = {<m:note>0926-9630<m:linebreak/>Journal Article</m:note>},
 abstract = {Multivariate survival models are shown to be appropriate for the analysis of the genetic and the environmental nature of a human life-span. Models which involve continuously distributed individual frailty, play an important role in the genetic analysis of an individual's susceptibility to disease and death. These models, however, are not appropriate for the detection of the effects of separate genes on survival. For this purpose we developed a 'major gene' frailty model of multivariate survival and applied it to simulated and real pedigree data. The analysis shows that this model can be used for the detection of the presence of major genes in the population and for the evaluation of the effects of such genes on survival.},
 bibtype = {article},
 author = {Begun, A and Desjardins, B and Iachine, I and Yashin, A},
 journal = {Stud Health Technol Inform}
}

@Article{Thoroughman2000,
  author   = {KA Thoroughman and R Shadmehr},
  journal  = {Nature},
  title    = {Learning of action through adaptive combination of motor primitives.},
  year     = {2000},
  number   = {6805},
  pages    = {742-7},
  volume   = {407},
  abstract = {Understanding how the brain constructs movements remains a fundamental
	challenge in neuroscience. The brain may control complex movements
	through flexible combination of motor primitives, where each primitive
	is an element of computation in the sensorimotor map that transforms
	desired limb trajectories into motor commands. Theoretical studies
	have shown that a system's ability to learn action depends on the
	shape of its primitives. Using a time-series analysis of error patterns,
	here we show that humans learn the dynamics of reaching movements
	through a flexible combination of primitives that have gaussian-like
	tuning functions encoding hand velocity. The wide tuning of the inferred
	primitives predicts limitations on the brain's ability to represent
	viscous dynamics. We find close agreement between the predicted limitations
	and the subjects' adaptation to new force fields. The mathematical
	properties of the derived primitives resemble the tuning curves of
	Purkinje cells in the cerebellum. The activity of these cells may
	encode primitives that underlie the learning of dynamics.},
  doi      = {10.1038/35037588},
  keywords = {Computing Methodologies, Human, Language, Learning, Mental Processes, Models, Theoretical, Stochastic Processes, Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S., Cognition, Linguistics, Neural Networks (Computer), Practice (Psychology), Non-U.S. Gov't, Memory, Psychological, Task Performance and Analysis, Time Factors, Visual Perception, Adult, Attention, Discrimination Learning, Female, Male, Short-Term, Mental Recall, Orientation, Pattern Recognition, Visual, Perceptual Masking, Reading, Concept Formation, Form Perception, Animals, Corpus Striatum, Shrews, P.H.S., Visual Cortex, Visual Pathways, Acoustic Stimulation, Auditory Cortex, Auditory Perception, Cochlea, Ear, Gerbillinae, Glycine, Hearing, Neurons, Space Perception, Strychnine, Adolescent, Decision Making, Reaction Time, Astrocytoma, Brain Mapping, Brain Neoplasms, Cerebral Cortex, Electric Stimulation, Electrophysiology, Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe, Evoked Potentials, Frontal Lobe, Noise, Parietal Lobe, Scalp, Child, Language Development, Psycholinguistics, Brain, Perception, Speech, Vocalization, Animal, Discrimination (Psychology), Hippocampus, Rats, Calcium, Chelating Agents, Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials, Glutamic Acid, Guanosine Diphosphate, In Vitro, Neuronal Plasticity, Pyramidal Cells, Receptors, AMPA, Metabotropic Glutamate, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate, Somatosensory Cortex, Synapses, Synaptic Transmission, Thionucleotides, Action Potentials, Calcium Channels, L-Type, Electric Conductivity, Entorhinal Cortex, Neurological, Long-Evans, Infant, Mathematics, Statistics, Probability Learning, Problem Solving, Psychophysics, Association Learning, Child Psychology, Habituation (Psychophysiology), Probability Theory, Analysis of Variance, Semantics, Symbolism, Behavior, Eye Movements, Macaca mulatta, Prefrontal Cortex, Cats, Dogs, Haplorhini, Photic Stimulation, Electroencephalography, Nervous System Physiology, Darkness, Grasshoppers, Light, Membrane Potentials, Neural Inhibition, Afferent, Picrotoxin, Vision, Deoxyglucose, Injections, Microspheres, Neural Pathways, Rhodamines, Choice Behavior, Speech Perception, Verbal Learning, Dominance, Cerebral, Fixation, Ocular, Language Tests, Random Allocation, Comparative Study, Saguinus, Sound Spectrography, Species Specificity, Audiometry, Auditory Threshold, Calibration, Data Interpretation, Statistical, Anesthesia, General, Electrodes, Implanted, Pitch Perception, Sound Localization, Paired-Associate Learning, Serial Learning, Auditory, Age Factors, Motion Perception, Brain Injuries, Computer Simulation, Blindness, Psychomotor Performance, Color Perception, Signal Detection (Psychology), Judgment, ROC Curve, Regression Analysis, Music, Probability, Arm, Cerebrovascular Disorders, Hemiplegia, Movement, Muscle, Skeletal, Myoclonus, Robotics, Magnetoencephalography, Phonetics, Software, Speech Production Measurement, Epilepsies, Partial, Laterality, Stereotaxic Techniques, Germany, Speech Acoustics, Verbal Behavior, Child Development, Instinct, Brain Stem, Coma, Diagnosis, Differential, Hearing Disorders, Hearing Loss, Central, Neuroma, Acoustic, Dendrites, Down-Regulation, Patch-Clamp Techniques, Wistar, Up-Regulation, Aged, Aphasia, Middle Aged, Cones (Retina), Primates, Retina, Retinal Ganglion Cells, Tympanic Membrane, Cell Communication, Extremities, Biological, Motor Activity, Rana catesbeiana, Spinal Cord, Central Nervous System, Motion, Motor Cortex, Intelligence, Macaca fascicularis, Adoption, Critical Period (Psychology), France, Korea, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Multilingualism, Auditory Pathways, Cochlear Nerve, Loudness Perception, Neural Conduction, Sensory Thresholds, Sound, Language Disorders, Preschool, Generalization (Psychology), Vocabulary, Biophysics, Nerve Net, Potassium Channels, Sodium Channels, Cues, Differential Threshold, Arousal, Newborn, Sucking Behavior, Ferrets, Microelectrodes, Gestalt Theory, Mathematical Computing, Perceptual Closure, Vestibulocochlear Nerve, Brain Damage, Chronic, Regional Blood Flow, Thinking, Tomography, Emission-Computed, Case-Control Studies, Multivariate Analysis, Artificial Intelligence, Depth Perception, 11048700},
}

@article{jick_risk_2000-1,
	title = {Risk of venous thromboembolism among users of third generation oral contraceptives compared with users of oral contraceptives with levonorgestrel before and after 1995: cohort and case-control analysis},
	volume = {321},
	issn = {0959-8138},
	shorttitle = {Risk of venous thromboembolism among users of third generation oral contraceptives compared with users of oral contraceptives with levonorgestrel before and after 1995},
	abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To compare the risk of idiopathic venous thromboembolism among women taking third generation oral contraceptives (with gestodene or desogestrel) with that among women taking oral contraceptives with levonorgestrel.
DESIGN: Cohort and case-control analyses derived from the General Practice Research Database.
SETTING: UK general practices, January 1993 to December 1999.
PARTICIPANTS: Women aged 15-39 taking third generation oral contraceptives or oral contraceptives with levonorgestrel.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Relative incidence (cohort study) and odds ratios (case-control study) as measures of the relative risk of venous thromboembolism.
RESULTS: The adjusted estimates of relative risk for venous thromboembolism associated with third generation oral contraceptives compared with oral contraceptives with levonorgestrel was 1.9 (95\% confidence interval 1.3 to 2.8) in the cohort analysis and 2.3 (1.3 to 3.9) in the case-control study. The estimates for the two types of oral contraceptives were similar before and after the warning issued by the Committee on Safety of Medicines in October 1995. A shift away from the use of third generation oral contraceptives after the scare was more pronounced among younger women (who have a lower risk of venous thromboembolism) than among older women. Fewer cases of venous thromboembolism occurred in 1996 and later than would have been expected if the use of oral contraceptives had remained unchanged.
CONCLUSIONS: These findings are consistent with previously reported studies, which found that compared with oral contraceptives with levonorgestrel, third generation oral contraceptives are associated with around twice the risk of venous thromboembolism.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {7270},
	journal = {BMJ (Clinical research ed.)},
	author = {Jick, H. and Kaye, J. A. and Vasilakis-Scaramozza, C. and Jick, S. S.},
	month = nov,
	year = {2000},
	pmid = {11073511},
	pmcid = {PMC27524},
	keywords = {Adolescent, Adult, Age Distribution, Body Mass Index, Case-Control Studies, Cohort Studies, Contraceptives, Oral, Contraceptives, Oral, Synthetic, Female, Humans, Levonorgestrel, Odds Ratio, Risk Factors, Smoking, Thromboembolism, Time Factors},
	pages = {1190--1195}
}

Paper  abstract   bibtex   

@article{young_genetic_2000,
	title = {Genetic and environmental influences on behavioral disinhibition.},
	volume = {96},
	issn = {0148-7299},
	url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11054778},
	abstract = {Comorbidity among childhood disruptive behavioral disorders is commonly reported in both epidemiologic and clinical studies. These problems are also associated with early substance use and other markers of behavioral disinhibition. Previous twin research has suggested that much of the covariation between antisocial behavior and alcohol dependence is due to common genetic influences. Similar results have been reported for conduct problems and hyperactivity. For the present study, an adolescent sample consisting of 172 MZ and 162 DZ twin pairs, recruited through the Colorado Twin Registry and the Colorado Longitudinal Twin Study were assessed using standardized psychiatric interviews and personality assessments. DSM-IV symptom counts for conduct disorder and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, along with a measure of substance experimentation and novelty seeking, were used as indices of a latent behavioral disinhibition trait. A confirmatory factor model fit to individual-level data showed a strong common factor accounting for 16-42\% of the observed variance in each measure. A common pathway model evaluating the genetic and environmental architecture of the latent phenotype suggested that behavioral disinhibition is highly heritable (a(2) = 0.84), and is not influenced significantly by shared environmental factors. A residual correlation between conduct disorder and substance experimentation was explained by shared environmental effects, and a residual correlation between attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and novelty seeking was accounted for by genetic dominance. These results suggest that a variety of adolescent problem behaviors may share a common underlying genetic risk.},
	number = {5},
	urldate = {2015-04-13},
	journal = {American journal of medical genetics},
	author = {Young, S E and Stallings, M C and Corley, R P and Krauter, K S and Hewitt, J K},
	month = oct,
	year = {2000},
	pmid = {11054778},
	keywords = {Adolescent, Adolescent Behavior, Adolescent Behavior: psychology, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity: gen, Comorbidity, Conduct Disorder, Conduct Disorder: genetics, Data Interpretation, Statistical, Environment, Humans, Inhibition (Psychology), Models, Genetic, Personality Disorders, Personality Disorders: genetics, Phenotype, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Psychology, Adolescent, Substance-Related Disorders, Substance-Related Disorders: genetics, Twins, Dizygotic, Twins, Dizygotic: genetics, Twins, Dizygotic: psychology, Twins, Monozygotic, Twins, Monozygotic: genetics, Twins, Monozygotic: psychology},
	pages = {684--95},
}

@Article{Eimas1999,
  author   = {PD Eimas},
  journal  = {Science},
  title    = {Do infants learn grammar with algebra or statistics?},
  year     = {1999},
  number   = {5413},
  pages    = {435-6; author reply 436-7},
  volume   = {284},
  keywords = {Computing Methodologies, Human, Language, Learning, Mental Processes, Models, Theoretical, Stochastic Processes, Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S., Cognition, Linguistics, Neural Networks (Computer), Practice (Psychology), Non-U.S. Gov't, Memory, Psychological, Task Performance and Analysis, Time Factors, Visual Perception, Adult, Attention, Discrimination Learning, Female, Male, Short-Term, Mental Recall, Orientation, Pattern Recognition, Visual, Perceptual Masking, Reading, Concept Formation, Form Perception, Animals, Corpus Striatum, Shrews, P.H.S., Visual Cortex, Visual Pathways, Acoustic Stimulation, Auditory Cortex, Auditory Perception, Cochlea, Ear, Gerbillinae, Glycine, Hearing, Neurons, Space Perception, Strychnine, Adolescent, Decision Making, Reaction Time, Astrocytoma, Brain Mapping, Brain Neoplasms, Cerebral Cortex, Electric Stimulation, Electrophysiology, Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe, Evoked Potentials, Frontal Lobe, Noise, Parietal Lobe, Scalp, Child, Language Development, Psycholinguistics, Brain, Perception, Speech, Vocalization, Animal, Discrimination (Psychology), Hippocampus, Rats, Calcium, Chelating Agents, Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials, Glutamic Acid, Guanosine Diphosphate, In Vitro, Neuronal Plasticity, Pyramidal Cells, Receptors, AMPA, Metabotropic Glutamate, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate, Somatosensory Cortex, Synapses, Synaptic Transmission, Thionucleotides, Action Potentials, Calcium Channels, L-Type, Electric Conductivity, Entorhinal Cortex, Neurological, Long-Evans, Infant, Mathematics, Statistics, 9872745},
}

Website  abstract   bibtex   

@article{
 title = {Asthma on Tristan da Cunha: looking for the genetic link. The University of Toronto Genetics of Asthma Research Group},
 type = {article},
 year = {1996},
 identifiers = {[object Object]},
 keywords = {Adolescent,Adult,Age Distribution,Aged,Aged, 80 and over,Allergens/diagnostic use,Asthma/epidemiology/*genetics,Atlantic Ocean,Bronchoconstrictor Agents/diagnostic use,Child,Child, Preschool,Consanguinity,Female,Forced Expiratory Volume,Founder Effect,Humans,Linkage (Genetics),Male,Methacholine Chloride/diagnostic use,Middle Aged,Prevalence,Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't,Sex Distribution,Skin Tests},
 pages = {1902-1906},
 volume = {153},
 websites = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=8665053},
 id = {ba377ad3-36ac-3937-b8d3-44f6b08c99e3},
 created = {2017-06-19T13:44:45.103Z},
 file_attached = {false},
 profile_id = {de68dde1-2ff3-3a4e-a214-ef424d0c7646},
 group_id = {b2078731-0913-33b9-8902-a53629a24e83},
 last_modified = {2017-06-19T13:44:45.287Z},
 read = {false},
 starred = {false},
 authored = {false},
 confirmed = {true},
 hidden = {false},
 source_type = {Journal Article},
 notes = {<m:note>1073-449x<m:linebreak/>Journal Article</m:note>},
 abstract = {Although asthma has a significant heritable component, the mode of inheritance remains controversial because of the complexity of the disease and the influence of environmental factors. Isolated, inbred populations serve to reduce variability, thus increasing the probability of gene localization. We studied the inbred population of the remote island of Tristan da Cunha to document asthma prevalence for the purpose of genetic linkage analysis. Medical histories and skin atopy were determined on 282 islanders, representing 97% of the population, and airway responsiveness was measured in 254; 226 by methacholine challenge (tidal breathing method) and 28 by bronchodilator response (400 micrograms salbutamol aerosol). Blood samples were collected from 275 islanders. Participants ranged in age from 3 to 94 yr. Asthma was defined as increased airway responsiveness (AR+: PC20 < 4 mg/ml or > or = 15% increase in FEV1 postbronchodilator) combined with a positive history (Hx+). Fifty-seven percent of the islanders had at least partial evidence of asthma (Hx+ and/or AR+) and 23% had a definitive diagnosis of asthma (AR+ with Hx+). Overall 47% of the population were atopic, atopy was proportionally higher in asthmatics (74%) than nonasthmatics (32%; p < 0.01). Analysis of the methacholine dose-response curves demonstrated that asthmatics were significantly (p < 0.01) more responsive than those with AR+ only, and nonasthmatics (AR-, Hx-) were more responsive than laboratory control subjects (p < 0.05), suggesting that these islanders may also carry an airway hyperresponsiveness gene. A frequency plot of the percent fall in FEV1 for all Hx- subjects compared with control data suggests a bimodal distribution consistent with a major gene mechanism for airway responsiveness. Genealogy mapping revealed that the islanders are direct descendants of the 15 original settlers, and historical records suggest at least two founders may have been asthmatic. The data confirm previous reports of a high asthma prevalence on Tristan and support the postulate that this prevalence is a result of gene enrichment occurring in isolated populations by virtue of extensive inbreeding and a probable founder effect.},
 bibtype = {article},
 author = {Zamel, N and McClean, P A and Sandell, P R and Siminovitch, K A and Slutsky, A S},
 journal = {Am J Respir Crit Care Med},
 number = {6 Pt 1}
}

@Article{Kitzes1996,
  author   = {LM Kitzes and GS Hollrigel},
  journal  = {Hear Res},
  title    = {Response properties of units in the posterior auditory field deprived of input from the ipsilateral primary auditory cortex.},
  year     = {1996},
  note     = {as cited in \citeNP{Heil1998}},
  number   = {1-2},
  pages    = {120-30},
  volume   = {100},
  abstract = {The influence of the ipsilateral primary auditory field (AI) on the
	response properties of neurons in the posterior auditory field (Field
	P) was examined in three cats anesthetized with sodium pentobarbital.
	Rate/level functions were obtained, by extracellular recording, from
	single units in Field P before (n = 38) and after (n = 50) subpial
	aspiration of AI. The ablations were primarily confined to the medial
	ectosylvian gyrus, although in one case extended into the high-frequency
	portion of the anterior auditory field. Comparisons between the behavior
	of units isolated before and after AI ablation failed to demonstrate
	any changes in the response properties of neurons in Field P attributable
	to the ablation. Nonmonotonic response profiles, first spike latency,
	variability in latency, threshold and maximal discharge rates of
	the units to acoustic stimuli were not significantly altered by the
	AI ablation. These results indicate that the basic response properties
	of neurons in Field P do not depend on input from the ipsilateral
	AI. This suggests that these properties are most likely determined
	by thalamic input or by circuitry within Field P.},
  keywords = {Computing Methodologies, Human, Language, Learning, Mental Processes, Models, Theoretical, Stochastic Processes, Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S., Cognition, Linguistics, Neural Networks (Computer), Practice (Psychology), Non-U.S. Gov't, Memory, Psychological, Task Performance and Analysis, Time Factors, Visual Perception, Adult, Attention, Discrimination Learning, Female, Male, Short-Term, Mental Recall, Orientation, Pattern Recognition, Visual, Perceptual Masking, Reading, Concept Formation, Form Perception, Animals, Corpus Striatum, Shrews, P.H.S., Visual Cortex, Visual Pathways, Acoustic Stimulation, Auditory Cortex, Auditory Perception, Cochlea, Ear, Gerbillinae, Glycine, Hearing, Neurons, Space Perception, Strychnine, Adolescent, Decision Making, Reaction Time, Astrocytoma, Brain Mapping, Brain Neoplasms, Cerebral Cortex, Electric Stimulation, Electrophysiology, Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe, Evoked Potentials, Frontal Lobe, Noise, Parietal Lobe, Scalp, Child, Language Development, Psycholinguistics, Brain, Perception, Speech, Vocalization, Animal, Discrimination (Psychology), Hippocampus, Rats, Calcium, Chelating Agents, Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials, Glutamic Acid, Guanosine Diphosphate, In Vitro, Neuronal Plasticity, Pyramidal Cells, Receptors, AMPA, Metabotropic Glutamate, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate, Somatosensory Cortex, Synapses, Synaptic Transmission, Thionucleotides, Action Potentials, Calcium Channels, L-Type, Electric Conductivity, Entorhinal Cortex, Neurological, Long-Evans, Infant, Mathematics, Statistics, Probability Learning, Problem Solving, Psychophysics, Association Learning, Child Psychology, Habituation (Psychophysiology), Probability Theory, Analysis of Variance, Semantics, Symbolism, Behavior, Eye Movements, Macaca mulatta, Prefrontal Cortex, Cats, Dogs, Haplorhini, Photic Stimulation, Electroencephalography, Nervous System Physiology, Darkness, Grasshoppers, Light, Membrane Potentials, Neural Inhibition, Afferent, Picrotoxin, Vision, Deoxyglucose, Injections, Microspheres, Neural Pathways, Rhodamines, Choice Behavior, Speech Perception, Verbal Learning, Dominance, Cerebral, Fixation, Ocular, Language Tests, Random Allocation, Comparative Study, Saguinus, Sound Spectrography, Species Specificity, Audiometry, Auditory Threshold, Calibration, Data Interpretation, Statistical, Anesthesia, General, Electrodes, Implanted, Pitch Perception, Sound Localization, Paired-Associate Learning, Serial Learning, Auditory, Age Factors, Motion Perception, Brain Injuries, Computer Simulation, Blindness, Psychomotor Performance, Color Perception, Signal Detection (Psychology), Judgment, ROC Curve, Regression Analysis, 8922986},
}

Paper  doi  abstract   bibtex   

@article{dror_mental_1994,
	title = {Mental imagery and aging},
	volume = {9},
	url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=8185873},
	doi = {10/d6nhx3},
	abstract = {Young adult and elderly Ss performed 4 visual mental imagery tasks, each of which tapped different processes. The elderly had relatively impaired image rotation and image activation (the process of accessing and activating stored visual memories), and there was a hint that aging may impair the ability to maintain images. In contrast, the elderly were able to compose (the process of generating the segments of the shape, 1 by 1) and scan visual mental images as well as young adults. However, when the authors correlated the mean performance of each age group across all the tasks, they found that the response times of the elderly were almost perfectly predicted by the performance of the young Ss but that the error rates were not correlated. These findings suggest that although there is slowing with age, individual imaging processes are affected selectively by aging.},
	number = {1},
	journal = {Psychol Aging},
	author = {Dror, I.E. and Kosslyn, S.M.},
	year = {1994},
	keywords = {\#nosource, *Imagination, *Orientation, *Pattern Recognition, Visual, Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aging/*psychology, Attention, Concept Formation, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Psychomotor Performance, Reaction Time, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.},
	pages = {90--102},
}

Paper  abstract   bibtex   

@article{
 title = {Intramedullary spinal cord ependymomas--a study of 45 cases with long-term follow-up.},
 type = {article},
 year = {1992},
 identifiers = {[object Object]},
 keywords = {Adolescent,Adult,Aged,Child,Child, Preschool,Combined Modality Therapy,Ependymoma,Ependymoma: diagnosis,Ependymoma: radiotherapy,Ependymoma: surgery,Female,Follow-Up Studies,Humans,Magnetic Resonance Imaging,Male,Middle Aged,Neoplasm Recurrence, Local,Neoplasm Recurrence, Local: diagnosis,Neoplasm Recurrence, Local: radiotherapy,Neoplasm Recurrence, Local: surgery,Neurologic Examination,Reoperation,Retrospective Studies,Spinal Cord Neoplasms,Spinal Cord Neoplasms: diagnosis,Spinal Cord Neoplasms: radiotherapy,Spinal Cord Neoplasms: surgery},
 pages = {74-9},
 volume = {119},
 websites = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1481757},
 month = {1},
 id = {08111960-a49a-3d5e-890c-10bb4dbadd57},
 created = {2013-09-04T15:14:24.000Z},
 file_attached = {true},
 profile_id = {8c4ca2d5-86de-3b5d-86be-8408415f34e0},
 group_id = {a484ae4c-fcac-3c7e-9ac3-3fad0df719a2},
 last_modified = {2014-11-22T16:36:55.000Z},
 read = {false},
 starred = {false},
 authored = {false},
 confirmed = {true},
 hidden = {false},
 abstract = {Of the 62 patients with intramedullary spinal cord ependymoma treated surgically at our Neurosurgery Division between January 1951 and December 1990 45 had a follow-up of at least 3 years and the longest 30 years. The 28 conus-cauda equina-filum ependymomas operated during the same period are not considered in this study. An analysis of our cases and of the larger published series shows that favourable prognostic factors, apart of course from total tumour removal, which is now usually possible, are a site below the high cervical segments and a mild pre-operative symptom pattern. Patient age at diagnosis, tumour size and "low dose" (< 40 Gy) radiotherapy seem to have no influence on the prognosis. Aggressive surgical removal is the treatment of choice and also for long-term recurrence.},
 bibtype = {article},
 author = {Ferrante, L and Mastronardi, L and Celli, P and Lunardi, P and Acqui, M and Fortuna, a},
 journal = {Acta Neurochirurgica},
 number = {1-4}
}

@Article{Phillips1985,
  author   = {DP Phillips and JR Mendelson and MS Cynader and RM Douglas},
  journal  = {Exp Brain Res},
  title    = {Responses of single neurones in cat auditory cortex to time-varying stimuli: {F}requency-modulated tones of narrow excursion.},
  year     = {1985},
  number   = {3},
  pages    = {443-54},
  volume   = {58},
  abstract = {In the primary auditory cortex of cats anaesthetized with nitrous
	oxide, single neurones were examined with respect to their responses
	to tone bursts and linear modulations of the frequency of an on-going
	continuous tone. Using FM ramps of 2.0 kHz excursion and varying
	centre frequency, each of 39 neurones was examined for its preference
	for the direction of frequency change of a ramp whose centre frequency
	was varied in and around the neurone's response area. Direction preference
	was strictly associated with the slopes of the cell's spike count-versus-frequency
	function over the frequency range covered by the ramp. Preferences
	for upward- and downward-directed ramps were associated with the
	low- and high-frequency slopes of the spike count function, respectively.
	The strength of the cell's direction preference was associated with
	the relative steepness of the spike count function over the frequency
	range covered by the ramp. The timing of discharges elicited by the
	frequency modulations was found to be the sum of the cell's latent
	period for tone bursts plus the time after ramp onset that the stimulus
	frequency fell within the neurone's response area. The implications
	of these data for the processing of narrow and broad frequency-modulated
	ramps are discussed.},
  keywords = {Computing Methodologies, Human, Language, Learning, Mental Processes, Models, Theoretical, Stochastic Processes, Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S., Cognition, Linguistics, Neural Networks (Computer), Practice (Psychology), Non-U.S. Gov't, Memory, Psychological, Task Performance and Analysis, Time Factors, Visual Perception, Adult, Attention, Discrimination Learning, Female, Male, Short-Term, Mental Recall, Orientation, Pattern Recognition, Visual, Perceptual Masking, Reading, Concept Formation, Form Perception, Animals, Corpus Striatum, Shrews, P.H.S., Visual Cortex, Visual Pathways, Acoustic Stimulation, Auditory Cortex, Auditory Perception, Cochlea, Ear, Gerbillinae, Glycine, Hearing, Neurons, Space Perception, Strychnine, Adolescent, Decision Making, Reaction Time, Astrocytoma, Brain Mapping, Brain Neoplasms, Cerebral Cortex, Electric Stimulation, Electrophysiology, Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe, Evoked Potentials, Frontal Lobe, Noise, Parietal Lobe, Scalp, Child, Language Development, Psycholinguistics, Brain, Perception, Speech, Vocalization, Animal, Discrimination (Psychology), Hippocampus, Rats, Calcium, Chelating Agents, Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials, Glutamic Acid, Guanosine Diphosphate, In Vitro, Neuronal Plasticity, Pyramidal Cells, Receptors, AMPA, Metabotropic Glutamate, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate, Somatosensory Cortex, Synapses, Synaptic Transmission, Thionucleotides, Action Potentials, Calcium Channels, L-Type, Electric Conductivity, Entorhinal Cortex, Neurological, Long-Evans, Infant, Mathematics, Statistics, Probability Learning, Problem Solving, Psychophysics, Association Learning, Child Psychology, Habituation (Psychophysiology), Probability Theory, Analysis of Variance, Semantics, Symbolism, Behavior, Eye Movements, Macaca mulatta, Prefrontal Cortex, Cats, Dogs, Haplorhini, Photic Stimulation, Electroencephalography, Nervous System Physiology, Darkness, Grasshoppers, Light, Membrane Potentials, Neural Inhibition, Afferent, Picrotoxin, Vision, Deoxyglucose, Injections, Microspheres, Neural Pathways, Rhodamines, Choice Behavior, Speech Perception, Verbal Learning, Dominance, Cerebral, Fixation, Ocular, Language Tests, Random Allocation, Comparative Study, Saguinus, Sound Spectrography, Species Specificity, Audiometry, Auditory Threshold, Calibration, Data Interpretation, Statistical, Anesthesia, General, Electrodes, Implanted, Pitch Perception, Sound Localization, Paired-Associate Learning, Serial Learning, Auditory, Age Factors, Motion Perception, Brain Injuries, Computer Simulation, Blindness, Psychomotor Performance, Color Perception, Signal Detection (Psychology), Judgment, ROC Curve, Regression Analysis, Music, Probability, Arm, Cerebrovascular Disorders, Hemiplegia, Movement, Muscle, Skeletal, Myoclonus, Robotics, Magnetoencephalography, Phonetics, Software, Speech Production Measurement, Epilepsies, Partial, Laterality, Stereotaxic Techniques, Germany, Speech Acoustics, Verbal Behavior, Child Development, Instinct, Brain Stem, Coma, Diagnosis, Differential, Hearing Disorders, Hearing Loss, Central, Neuroma, Acoustic, Dendrites, Down-Regulation, Patch-Clamp Techniques, Wistar, Up-Regulation, Aged, Aphasia, Middle Aged, Cones (Retina), Primates, Retina, Retinal Ganglion Cells, Tympanic Membrane, Cell Communication, Extremities, Biological, Motor Activity, Rana catesbeiana, Spinal Cord, Central Nervous System, Motion, Motor Cortex, Intelligence, Macaca fascicularis, Adoption, Critical Period (Psychology), France, Korea, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Multilingualism, Auditory Pathways, Cochlear Nerve, Loudness Perception, Neural Conduction, 4007088},
}

@Article{Banks1975,
  author   = {MS Banks and Richard N Aslin and RD Letson},
  journal  = {Science},
  title    = {Sensitive period for the development of human binocular vision.},
  year     = {1975},
  number   = {4215},
  pages    = {675-7},
  volume   = {190},
  abstract = {Twenty-four subjects with abnormal binocular experience, due to a
	condition of convergent strabismus that existed during different
	periods of their lives, were tested. Interocular transfer of the
	tilt-aftereffect was used to assess binocularity. Individuals between
	1 and 3 years of age are most susceptible to abnormal binocular experience.},
  keywords = {Adolescent, Adult, Age Factors, Child, Preschool, Human, Infant, Newborn, Strabismus, Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S., Visual Cortex, Visual Perception, 1188363},
}