@unpublished{Llisterri:2018aa, Abstracturl = {http://liceu.uab.cat/~joaquim/phonetics/AESLA_18/AESLA_18.html}, Author = {Llisterri, Joaquim and Machuca, María Jesús and Ríos, Antonio}, Date = {2018-04}, Date-Added = {2018-04-25 07:18:20 +0000}, Date-Modified = {2018-09-20 09:11:42 +0200}, Keywords = {forensic, forensic phonetics, speaking styles, spontaneous speech, Spanish, disfluencies, pauses, duration, temporal factors, phonetics, prosody}, Location = {Cádiz, Spain}, Note = {Paper presented at the 36 Congreso Internacional de la Asociación Española de Lingüística Aplicada. Lingüística aplicada y transferencia del conocimiento: empleabilidad, internacionalización y retos sociales}, Organization = {AESLA, Asociación Española de Lingüística Aplicada -- Universidad de Cádiz}, Title = {Caracterización del hablante con fines judiciales: fenómenos fónicos propios del habla espontánea}, Year = {2018}, Bdsk-File-1 = 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@article{McDougall_2017, Author = {McDougall, Kirsty and Duckworth, Martin}, Date = {2017}, Date-Added = {2018-05-12 07:10:54 +0000}, Date-Modified = {2018-05-12 20:41:53 +0000}, Doi = {10.1016/j.specom.2017.10.001}, Journal = {Speech Communication}, Keywords = {disfluencies, English, filled pauses, forensic, forensic phonetics, pauses, phonetics, prosody, temporal factors}, Pages = {16–-27}, Title = {Profiling fluency: An analysis of individual variation in disfluencies in adult males}, Volume = {95}, Year = {2017}, Abstract = {Individual variation in non-fluency behaviour in normally fluent (NF) adults, is investigated. Differences among speakers in the usage of a range of features such as filled and silent pauses, sound prolongations, repetition of phrases, words or part-words, and self-interruptions is explored in the spontaneous speech of 20 male speakers of Standard Southern British English from the DyViS database. The speech analysed is semi-spontaneous, and taken from a simulated police interview task. A taxonomy of fluency features for forensic analysis (TOFFA) was applied to this speech data. The rate of occurrence of each feature per 100 syllables is calculated for each speaker. Results show that individuals vary considerably in the rates of these fluency features occurring in their speech and that between-speaker differences are present in the types of features speakers produce. Implications of the significance of these findings for forensic phonetics are discussed.}, Bdsk-File-1 = {YnBsaXN0MDDUAQIDBAUGJCVYJHZlcnNpb25YJG9iamVjdHNZJGFyY2hpdmVyVCR0b3ASAAGGoKgHCBMUFRYaIVUkbnVsbNMJCgsMDxJXTlMua2V5c1pOUy5vYmplY3RzViRjbGFzc6INDoACgAOiEBGABIAFgAdccmVsYXRpdmVQYXRoWWFsaWFzRGF0YV8QYC4uLy4uLy4uL0JpYmxpb2dyYWZpYS9QYXBlcnMvTWNEb3VnYWxsL1Byb2ZpbGluZyBmbHVlbmN5IEFuIGFuYWx5c2lzIG9mIGluZGl2aWR1YWwgdmFyaWF0aW9uLnBkZtIXCxgZV05TLmRhdGFPEQJaAAAAAAJaAAIAAAxNYWNpbnRvc2ggSEQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAADL9h/OSCsAABCGcXgfUHJvZmlsaW5nIGZsdWVuY3kgIzEzNDIwNkQ1LnBkZgAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAE0IG1dccYcxQREYgQ0FSTwADAAQAAAkgAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAACU1jRG91Z2FsbAAAEAAIAADL9gOuAAAAEQAIAADXHEWsAAAAAQAUEIZxeBCGZY4ABfxHAAX7mAAAwEYAAgBnTWFjaW50b3NoIEhEOlVzZXJzOgBqb2FxdWltX2xsaXN0ZXJyaToAQmlibGlvZ3JhZmlhOgBQYXBlcnM6AE1jRG91Z2FsbDoAUHJvZmlsaW5nIGZsdWVuY3kgIzEzNDIwNkQ1LnBkZgAADgB0ADkAUAByAG8AZgBpAGwAaQBuAGcAIABmAGwAdQBlAG4AYwB5ACAAQQBuACAAYQBuAGEAbAB5AHMAaQBzACAAbwBmACAAaQBuAGQAaQB2AGkAZAB1AGEAbAAgAHYAYQByAGkAYQB0AGkAbwBuAC4AcABkAGYADwAaAAwATQBhAGMAaQBuAHQAbwBzAGgAIABIAEQAEgBvVXNlcnMvam9hcXVpbV9sbGlzdGVycmkvQmlibGlvZ3JhZmlhL1BhcGVycy9NY0RvdWdhbGwvUHJvZmlsaW5nIGZsdWVuY3kgQW4gYW5hbHlzaXMgb2YgaW5kaXZpZHVhbCB2YXJpYXRpb24ucGRmAAATAAEvAAAVAAIAGP//AACABtIbHB0eWiRjbGFzc25hbWVYJGNsYXNzZXNdTlNNdXRhYmxlRGF0YaMdHyBWTlNEYXRhWE5TT2JqZWN00hscIiNcTlNEaWN0aW9uYXJ5oiIgXxAPTlNLZXllZEFyY2hpdmVy0SYnVHJvb3SAAQAIABEAGgAjAC0AMgA3AEAARgBNAFUAYABnAGoAbABuAHEAcwB1AHcAhACOAPEA9gD+A1wDXgNjA24DdwOFA4kDkAOZA54DqwOuA8ADwwPIAAAAAAAAAgEAAAAAAAAAKAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA8o=}, Bdsk-Url-1 = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.specom.2017.10.001}}
@article{G_sy_2017, Author = {Gósy, Mária and Gyarmathy, Dorottya and Beke, András}, Date = {2017}, Date-Added = {2018-01-26 10:50:16 +0000}, Date-Modified = {2018-05-14 08:00:11 +0000}, Doi = {10.1075/ijlcr.3.2.03gos}, Journal = {International Journal of Learner Corpus Research}, Keywords = {L2, L2 acquisition, EFL, Hungarian NL, disfluencies, pauses, filled pauses, phonetics, acoustic phonetics, temporal factors, prosody}, Number = {2}, Pages = {149–-174}, Title = {Phonetic analysis of filled pauses based on a Hungarian-English learner corpus}, Volume = {3}, Year = {2017}, Bdsk-File-1 = {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}, Bdsk-Url-1 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ijlcr.3.2.03gos}}
@inproceedings{Villa:2017aa, Address = {Santiago de Cuba}, Author = {Villa, José and Gil, Juana and Lahoz, José María}, Booktitle = {Nuevos estudios sobre comunicación social}, Date = {2017}, Date-Added = {2017-10-31 22:19:13 +0000}, Date-Modified = {2018-05-14 17:36:22 +0000}, Keywords = {Spanish, phonetics, acoustic cues, segmental, vowels, prosody, disfluencies, pauses, filled pauses, temporal factors, formant frequencies}, Pages = {165--169}, Publisher = {Centro de Lingüística Aplicada}, Title = {Las vocales de relleno en español: nuevos datos y algunas reflexiones}, Year = {2017}, Bdsk-File-1 = {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}}
@article{Cremades:2016aa, Author = {Cremades, Elga}, Date = {2016}, Date-Added = {2016-12-04 09:58:51 +0000}, Date-Modified = {2018-05-14 06:30:33 +0000}, Journal = {Estudios interlingüísticos}, Keywords = {phonetics, Spanish, Catalan, bilingualism, forensic, forensic phonetics, temporal factors, speech rate, prosody}, Pages = {13--35}, Title = {El tempo como factor discriminante en el análisis forense del habla: análisis descriptivo en hablantes bilingües (catalán-español)}, Url = {https://estudiosinterlinguisticos.files.wordpress.com/2016/12/04cremadescortiella.pdf}, Volume = {4}, Year = {2016}, Bdsk-File-1 = {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}, Bdsk-Url-1 = {https://estudiosinterlinguisticos.files.wordpress.com/2016/12/04cremadescortiella.pdf}}
@unpublished{Schwab:2016aa, Abstracturl = {http://liceu.uab.cat/~joaquim/applied_linguistics/SLAP_16/SLAP_16.html}, Author = {Schwab, Sandra and Llisterri, Joaquim and Garrido, Juan María and Fernández Trinidad, Marianela}, Date = {2016-11}, Date-Added = {2016-09-25 08:21:19 +0000}, Date-Modified = {2018-09-18 08:59:38 +0200}, Eventdate = {2016-11-18/2016-11-19}, Keywords = {prosody, ELE, French, rhythm, foreign accent, voice disguise, forensic, forensic phonetics, accent imitation}, Location = {Graz, Austria}, Note = {Paper presented at the 2nd Workshop on Second Language Prosody (SLaP 2016)}, Organization = {University of Graz}, Title = {Prosodic transfer in the imitation of a foreign accent}, Year = {2016}, Abstract = {Foreign accent imitation tasks have proved to be useful tools in the area of forensic phonetics (e.g., Neuhauser, 2008) and in L2 speech research (e.g., Rojczyk, 2015). In our experiment, we aim at obtaining new insights on prosodic transfer in situations in which the speaker has been asked to make a conscious effort to imitate a non-native accent. We used a subset of the corpus being collected within the framework of the DIANA project to compare the productions of Spanish speakers imitating a French accent (IA, Imitated Accent) with those of the same speakers in Spanish L1 (NA, Native Accent) on the one hand, and with those of native speakers of French speaking in Spanish L2 (RA, Real Accent) on the other. The recordings were automatically segmented into voiced and unvoiced intervals using Praat (Boersma & Weenink, 2016) in order to compute the rhythmical measurements proposed by Dellwo & Fourcin (2013). Additionally, long-term distributional measures of fundamental frequency, such as f0 mean and range were calculated. A preliminary exploration of the data on read speech (at the moment, N = 4) shows that the imitated accent differs from the native accent, but not from the real accent, in particular in voiced intervals. More specifically, we observe higher PVI values for voiced intervals (i.e., the average duration difference between two consecutive voiced intervals) in IA in comparison with NA, but not compared to RA. This finding could be explained by the variability introduced by the duration increase resulting from the attempt to imitate the French accentuation, which is realized by the lengthening of the final syllable of the rhythmic group (Lacheret-Dujour & Beaugendre, 1999). We also found that mean f0 value was higher in the imitated accent than in NA for one of the speakers, in line with the results reported by Neuhauser (2008) for German speakers imitating a French accent. It is expected that the study of a significant number of speakers and the inclusion of semi-spontaneous speech in our analyses will provide data on the L2 prosodic features which can be successfully imitated and on those which are the result of prosodic transfer from the L1. References Boersma, P., & Weenink, D. (2016). Praat: doing phonetics by computer [computer program]. Retrieved from http://www.praat.org/ Dellwo, V., & Fourcin, A. (2013). Rhythmic characteristics of voice between and within languages. Travaux Neuchâtelois de Linguistique, 59, 87-107. Lacheret-Dujour, A., & Beaugendre, F. (1999). La prosodie du français. Paris: Éditions du CNRS. Neuhauser, S. (2008). Voice disguise using a foreign accent: Phonetic and linguistic variation. International Journal of Speech Language and the Law, 15(2), 131-159. Rojczyk, A. (2015). Using FL accent Imitation in L1 in foreign-language speech research. In E. Waniek-Klimczak & M. Pawlak (Eds.), Teaching and researching the pronunciation of English. (pp. 223-233). 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@unpublished{Lo:2016aa, Abstracturl = {https://sites.google.com/a/york.ac.uk/iafpa-25/}, Author = {Lo, Justin Jing Hoi}, Date = {2016-07}, Date-Added = {2018-05-11 20:07:30 +0000}, Date-Modified = {2018-05-18 14:25:25 +0000}, Keywords = {forensic, forensic phonetics, disfluencies, pauses, filled pauses, bilingualism, phonetics, temporal factors, prosody}, Location = {York, UK}, Note = {Paper presented at the 25th Annual Conference of the International Association for Forensic Phonetics and Acoustics}, Title = {The effect of bilingualism on filled pauses and their discriminatory power}, Year = {2016}, Bdsk-File-1 = {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}, Bdsk-Url-1 = {https://sites.google.com/a/york.ac.uk/iafpa-25/}}
@incollection{Machuca:2016aa, Address = {Barcelona}, Author = {Machuca, María Jesús and Ríos, Antonio}, Booktitle = {53 reflexiones sobre aspectos de la fonética y otros temas de lingüística}, Date = {2016}, Date-Added = {2016-09-24 19:07:09 +0000}, Date-Modified = {2018-09-18 08:55:55 +0200}, Editor = {Fernández Planas, Ana María}, Keywords = {Spanish, prosody, temporal factors, pauses, phonetics,filled pauses, disfluencies}, Pages = {67-76}, Publisher = {Edicions de la Universitat de Barcelona}, Title = {Estructura formántica de las pausas sonoras en español}, Url = {http://stel.ub.edu/labfon/amper/homenaje-eugenio-martinez-celdran/53reflexiones/12-MMachuca-ARios.pdf}, Year = {2016}, Bdsk-File-1 = {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}, Bdsk-Url-1 = {http://stel.ub.edu/labfon/amper/homenaje-eugenio-martinez-celdran/53reflexiones/12-MMachuca-ARios.pdf}}
@article{ title = {Vocal acoustic analysis as a biometric indicator of information processing: Implications for neurological and psychiatric disorders}, type = {article}, year = {2015}, identifiers = {[object Object]}, keywords = {Affect,Cognition,Emotion,Expression,Load,Prosody,Speech}, volume = {226}, id = {bf550077-4a9a-30d0-a0f3-0c3f357bb6f6}, created = {2017-03-04T05:13:32.000Z}, file_attached = {false}, profile_id = {3ceb72d7-7086-31f0-ab93-b96a09f869e0}, last_modified = {2017-03-04T05:13:32.000Z}, read = {false}, starred = {false}, authored = {true}, confirmed = {false}, hidden = {false}, abstract = {© 2015 Elsevier Ireland Ltd.Vocal expression reflects an integral component of communication that varies considerably within individuals across contexts and is disrupted in a range of neurological and psychiatric disorders. There is reason to suspect that variability in vocal expression reflects, in part, the availability of "on-line" resources (e.g., working memory, attention). Thus, understanding vocal expression is a potentially important biometric index of information processing, not only across but within individuals over time. A first step in this line of research involves establishing a link between vocal expression and information processing systems in healthy adults. The present study employed a dual attention experimental task where participants provided natural speech while simultaneously engaged in a baseline, medium or high nonverbal processing-load task. Objective, automated, and computerized analysis was employed to measure vocal expression in 226 adults. Increased processing load resulted in longer pauses, fewer utterances, greater silence overall and less variability in frequency and intensity levels. These results provide compelling evidence of a link between information processing resources and vocal expression, and provide important information for the development of an automated, inexpensive and uninvasive biometric measure of information processing.}, bibtype = {article}, author = {Cohen, A.S. and Dinzeo, T.J. and Donovan, N.J. and Brown, C.E. and Morrison, S.C.}, journal = {Psychiatry Research}, number = {1} }
@inproceedings{gosy_development_2015, Author = {Gósy, Mária and Gyarmathy, Dorottya and Beke, András}, Booktitle = {Workshop on Phonetic Learner Corpora}, Date = {2015}, Date-Modified = {2018-07-21 09:55:06 +0000}, Eventdate = {2015-08-12}, Keywords = {EFL, filled pauses, Hungarian, L2, language resources, pauses, phonetics, prosody, read speech, speaking styles, speech corpus, spontaneous speech, task oriented dialogue, temporal factors, learner corpus}, Location = {Glasgow, Scotland, UK}, Title = {The development of a Hungarian-English learner speech database and a related analysis of filled pauses}, Url = {http://www.ifcasl.org/docs/Gosy_final.pdf}, Year = {2015}, Bdsk-File-1 = {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}, Bdsk-Url-1 = {http://www.ifcasl.org/docs/Gosy_final.pdf}}
@inproceedings{rose_temporal_2015, Address = {Glasgow}, Author = {Rose, Ralph}, Booktitle = {ICPhS 2015. Proceedings of the 18th International Congress of Phonetic Sciences}, Date = {2015}, Date-Modified = {2017-06-08 19:08:37 +0000}, Editor = {{The Scottish Consortium for ICPhS 2015}}, Keywords = {disfluencies, duration, EFL, fluency, Japanese, L2, pauses, phonetics, prosody, speaking styles, speech perception, speech production, speech rate, spontaneous speech, temporal factors}, Publisher = {The University of Glasgow}, Title = {Temporal variables in first and second language speech and perception of fluency}, Url = {https://www.internationalphoneticassociation.org/icphs-proceedings/ICPhS2015/Papers/ICPHS0405.pdf}, Year = {2015}, Abstract = {Evidence is accumulating that many temporal features of second language speech are correlated with those of first language speech. This study looks at the correlation between articulation rate, pause rate, and mean pause duration in Japanese first and English second language speech and how second language fluency raters perceive these. In a cross- linguistic corpus of spontaneous speech, mean pause duration was found to have a near-high correlation while the other two temporal variables have a moderate correlation. A subsequent elicitation of fluency judgments on the second language English speech via Amazon Mechanical Turk showed that ratings were highly dependent on pause duration, rather less on articulation rate, but not on pause rate. Results suggest that raters' perception of second language fluency is divergent from speakers' actual second language development: Ratings are related to features that are not indicative of second language development but rather of individual speech patterns}, Bdsk-File-1 = {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}, Bdsk-Url-1 = {https://www.internationalphoneticassociation.org/icphs-proceedings/ICPhS2015/Papers/ICPHS0405.pdf}}
@article{Bosker:2014aa, Author = {Bosker, Hans Rutger and Quené, Hugo and Sanders, Ted and de Jong, Nivja H}, Date = {2014}, Date-Added = {2018-04-28 08:34:58 +0000}, Date-Modified = {2018-05-14 06:19:13 +0000}, Doi = {10.1111/lang.12067}, Journal = {Language Learning}, Keywords = {phonetics, speech perception, L1, L2, L2 acquisition, fluency, disfluencies, pauses, speech rate, temporal factors, prosody}, Number = {3}, Pages = {579--614}, Title = {The perception of fluency in native and nonnative speech}, Url = {http://pubman.mpdl.mpg.de/pubman/item/escidoc:1900235:8/component/escidoc:2052558/Bosker_etal_2014.1pdf.pdf}, Volume = {64}, Year = {2014}, Abstract = {Where native speakers supposedly are fluent by default, nonnative speakers often have to strive hard to achieve a nativelike fluency level. However, disfluencies (such as pauses, fillers, repairs, etc.) occur in both native and nonnative speech and it is as yet unclear how fluency raters weigh the fluency characteristics of native and nonnative speech. Two rating experiments compared the way raters assess the fluency of native and nonnative speech. The fluency characteristics were controlled by using phonetic manipulations in pause (Experiment 1) and speed characteristics (Experiment 2). The results show that the ratings of manipulated native and nonnative speech were affected in a similar fashion. This suggests that there is no difference in the way listeners weigh the fluency characteristics of native and nonnative speakers.}, Bdsk-File-1 = {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}, Bdsk-Url-1 = {https://doi.org/10.1111/lang.12067}, Bdsk-Url-2 = {http://pubman.mpdl.mpg.de/pubman/item/escidoc:1900235:8/component/escidoc:2052558/Bosker_etal_2014.1pdf.pdf}}
@incollection{llisterri_acento_2014, Address = {Madrid}, Author = {Llisterri, Joaquim and Machuca, María Jesús and Ríos, Antonio and Schwab, Sandra}, Booktitle = {Fonética experimental, educación superior e investigación}, Date = {2014}, Date-Modified = {2018-06-02 19:46:29 +0000}, Editor = {Congosto, Yolanda and Montero, María Luisa and Salvador, Antonio}, Keywords = {acoustic phonetics, lexical stress, phonetics, prosody, Spanish}, Language = {es}, Pages = {357-376}, Publisher = {Arco/Libros}, Rating = {0}, Title = {El acento léxico en contexto: datos acústicos}, Volume = {1}, Year = {2014}, Bdsk-File-1 = {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}, Bdsk-File-2 = {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}}
@inproceedings{rose_crosslinguistic_2013, Author = {Rose, Ralph}, Booktitle = {Interspeech 2013. Proceedings of the 14th Annual Conference of the International Speech Communication Association}, Date = {2013}, Date-Modified = {2018-07-21 09:43:24 +0000}, Eventdate = {2013-08-25/2013-08-29}, Keywords = {contrastive, language resources, disfluencies, duration, L2, L2 acquisition, language resources, pauses, phonetics, prosody, speech corpus, speech rate, temporal factors, learner corpus}, Location = {Lyon, France}, Pages = {992--996}, Title = {Crosslinguistic Corpus of Hesitation Phenomena: A corpus for investigating first and second language speech performance}, Url = {http://www.roselab.sci.waseda.ac.jp/resources/file/2013_interspeech_rose_cchp_final.pdf}, Year = {2013}, Abstract = {There is a growing consensus that there is a need to evaluate second language speech performance with respect to first language speech behavior. To support this need, the Crosslinguistic Corpus of Hesitation Phenomena was developed. This freely available corpus is designed to investigate the crosslinguistic influence of speech patterns and consists of recordings of speakers producing first and second language speech samples in response to parallel elicitation tasks in each language. Preliminary results from the corpus are consistent with other findings that second language performance is sometimes correlated with first language speech behavior. In particular, findings show that silent pause rate and duration as well as other hesitation phenomena correlate with first language performance while speech rate does not. Interestingly, repeats also differ from first language production. Results show that the corpus may be a useful tool for researchers who wish to investigate the correspondence between first and second language speech, particularly with respect to the use of hesitation phenomena.}, Bdsk-File-1 = {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}, Bdsk-Url-1 = {http://www.roselab.sci.waseda.ac.jp/resources/file/2013_interspeech_rose_cchp_final.pdf}}
@unpublished{Duckworth:2013aa, Author = {Duckworth, Martin and McDougall, Kirsty}, Date = {2013-07}, Date-Added = {2018-05-12 19:44:51 +0000}, Date-Modified = {2018-05-18 14:24:43 +0000}, Keywords = {disfluencies, English, forensic, forensic phonetics, pauses, phonetics, prosody, temporal factors, speaking styles}, Location = {Tampa, FL, USA}, Note = {Paper presented at the 22st Annual Conference of the International Association for Forensic Phonetics and Acoustics}, Title = {Individual differences in fluency disruptions: A cross-style investigation}, Year = {2013}}
@article{contreras_velocidad_2013, Author = {Contreras, Sandra}, Date = {2013}, Date-Modified = {2018-05-14 06:26:00 +0000}, Journal = {Lengua y Habla}, Keywords = {América, descriptive, geographical variation, phonetics, prosody, Spanish, speaking styles, speech rate, temporal factors, Venezuela}, Language = {es}, Pages = {237--243}, Title = {La velocidad de habla como elemento diferenciados entre el registro formal e informal del habla}, Url = {http://erevistas.saber.ula.ve/index.php/lenguayhabla/article/view/4566}, Volume = {17}, Year = {2013}, Abstract = {En esta investigación se trató de determinar si los registros formal e informal, podían ser diferenciados a través de la velocidad de habla en un acto de comunicación. Estos registros estaban representados por la modalidad discursiva de la conversación y la de la clase. Se partió de la idea de que el contexto situacional podría estar influyendo la velocidad de habla. Los resultados arrojaron que ambas modalidades discursivas se diferencian claramente mediante la velocidad de habla.}, Bdsk-File-1 = {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}, Bdsk-Url-1 = {http://erevistas.saber.ula.ve/index.php/lenguayhabla/article/view/4566}}
@article{dingemanse_is_2013, Author = {Dingemanse, Mark and Torreira, Francisco and Enfield, Nicholas J}, Date = {2013}, Date-Modified = {2018-05-14 06:32:30 +0000}, Doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0078273}, Journal = {PLOS ONE}, Keywords = {acoustic phonetics, conversation, descriptive, disfluencies, evolution of language, f0, formant frequencies, linguistics, pauses, phonetics, prosody, repairs, speaking styles, temporal factors, universals}, Number = {11}, Pages = {1--10}, Title = {Is ``Huh?'' a universal word? Conversational infrastructure and the convergent evolution of linguistic items}, Volume = {8}, Year = {2013}, Abstract = {word like Huh?--used as a repair initiator when, for example, one has not clearly heard what someone just said-- is found in roughly the same form and function in spoken languages across the globe. We investigate it in naturally occurring conversations in ten languages and present evidence and arguments for two distinct claims: that Huh? is universal, and that it is a word. In support of the first, we show that the similarities in form and function of this interjection across languages are much greater than expected by chance. In support of the second claim we show that it is a lexical, conventionalised form that has to be learnt, unlike grunts or emotional cries. We discuss possible reasons for the cross-linguistic similarity and propose an account in terms of convergent evolution. Huh? is a universal word not because it is innate but because it is shaped by selective pressures in an interactional environment that all languages share: that of other-initiated repair. Our proposal enhances evolutionary models of language change by suggesting that conversational infrastructure can drive the convergent cultural evolution of linguistic items.}, Bdsk-File-1 = {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}, Bdsk-Url-1 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0078273}}
@inproceedings{gendrot_comparaison_2012, Author = {Gendrot, Cédric and Adda-Decker, Martine and Schmid, Carolin}, Booktitle = {Actes de la conférence conjointe JEP-TALN-RECITAL 2012. Volume 1: JEP}, Date = {2012}, Date-Modified = {2018-05-14 07:55:44 +0000}, Eventdate = {2012-06-04/2012-06-08}, Keywords = {acoustic phonetics, descriptive, disfluencies, duration, f0, formant frequencies, French, intonation, mass media, pauses, phonetics, prosody, speaking styles, speech rate, spontaneous speech, temporal factors}, Location = {Grenoble, France}, Pages = {649--656}, Title = {Comparaison de parole journalistique et de parole spontanée: analyses de séquences entre pauses}, Url = {http://www.aclweb.org/anthology/F12-1082}, Year = {2012}, Bdsk-File-1 = {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}, Bdsk-Url-1 = {http://www.aclweb.org/anthology/F12-1082}}
@phdthesis{merlo_dinamica_2012, Address = {Campinas}, Author = {Merlo, Sandra}, Date = {2012}, Date-Modified = {2018-05-14 08:30:14 +0000}, Keywords = {descriptive, disfluencies, filled pauses, pauses, phonetics, Portuguese, prosody, rhythm, silent pauses, speaking styles, spontaneous speech, temporal factors}, School = {Universidade Estadual de Campinas}, Title = {Dinâmica temporal de pausas e hesitações na fala semi-espontânea}, Type = {Tese de doutoramento}, Url = {http://www.bibliotecadigital.unicamp.br/document/?code=000850530}, Year = {2012}, Abstract = {Premissa: esta pesquisa partiu da premissa de que pausas demarcativas estão relacionadas ao planejamento conceitual e hesitações, à formulação linguística. O planejamento conceitual refere-se a um esquema abstrato do texto falado, composto pelas informações que o falante julga relevantes de acordo com sua meta comunicativa. A formulação linguística refere-se à seleção de lemas e sua organização em estruturas sintáticas e fonológicas. Se pausas demarcativas e hesitações estão relacionadas a processos tão cruciais para a produção falada, sua ocorrência não deve ser marginal e sua distribuição não deve ser aleatória ao longo do texto falado. Método: participaram da pesquisa dez sujeitos do sexo masculino, entre 20 e 34 anos, falantes nativos do português brasileiro, com alto grau de escolaridade e sem distúrbios de comunicação. Foram realizados cinco experimentos de fala semi-espontânea com as seguintes variáveis independentes: memória declarativa, memória operacional, macroplanejamento textual, tipos textuais e taxa de elocução. As variáveis dependentes (pausas demarcativas e hesitações) foram examinadas através de três medidas: proporção, duração e ciclos periódicos (p {\textless} 0,05). A variabilidade individual na manifestação das variáveis dependentes também foi avaliada. Resultados: em média, 24\% do texto falado é composto por pausas e 21\% por hesitações. Dois terços das pausas duram entre 0,5 e 1,5 s, enquanto dois terços das hesitações duram até 1 s. Todos os textos falados apresentam ciclos de pausas e de hesitações, sendo que dois terços dos ciclos de pausa apresentam períodos até 5 s, enquanto dois terços dos ciclos de hesitações apresentam períodos até 10 s. As séries temporais de pausas e de hesitações estão correlacionadas, de forma que mudanças nas séries de pausas precedem em 300 ms mudanças nas séries de hesitações. Apenas 15\% dos ciclos de pausas e hesitações são sincronizados e a grande maioria está em oposição de fase. Todos os cinco experimentos modificaram a dinâmica temporal das pausas demarcativas: textos que exigem elaboração conceitual, análise de novas informações e decisões mais conscientes sobre o sequenciamento de informações aumentam a proporção, a duração e/ou o período dos ciclos de pausas. Dois dos cinco experimentos modificaram a dinâmica temporal das hesitações: textos novos e pouco familiares aumentam a duração das hesitações em relação a textos previamente conhecidos. A variabilidade individual também interfere na dinâmica das pausas e das hesitações, existindo sujeitos que produzem esses fenômenos em abundância, enquanto outros os produzem com parcimônia. Conclusões: os resultados obtidos confirmam a hipótese de que as pausas demarcativas estão relacionadas ao planejamento conceitual e as hesitações, à formulação linguística. Também confirmam que a ocorrência desses fenômenos é significativa e que apresentam distribuição periódica no texto falado. Adicionalmente, os resultados indicam que pausas e hesitações são fenômenos dinâmicos da língua, que emergem de acordo com as necessidades da tarefa e o estilo do sujeito.}, Bdsk-File-1 = {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}, Bdsk-Url-1 = {http://www.bibliotecadigital.unicamp.br/document/?code=000850530}}
@unpublished{cicres_comparacion_2012, Author = {Cicres, Jordi}, Date = {2012-04}, Date-Modified = {2018-05-18 14:22:08 +0000}, Keywords = {Catalan, disfluencies, filled pauses, forensic, forensic phonetics, pauses, phonetics, prosody, temporal factors}, Location = {Lleida, Spain}, Note = {Paper presented at the XXX Congreso Internacional de la Asociación Española de Lingüística Aplicada}, Title = {Comparación forense de voces mediante el análisis multidimensional de las pausas rellenas}, Year = {2012}, Bdsk-File-1 = {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}}
@article{rodero_comparative_2012, Author = {Rodero, Emma}, Date = {2012}, Date-Modified = {2018-05-14 08:47:36 +0000}, Journal = {Text \& Talk}, Keywords = {descriptive, English, French, Italian, mass media, phonetics, prosody, radio, Spanish, speaking styles, speech perception, speech rate, temporal factors}, Number = {3}, Pages = {391--411}, Title = {A comparative analysis of speech rate and perception in radio bulletins}, Url = {http://prosodia.upf.edu/home/arxiu/publicacions/rodero/rodero_a-comparative-analysis-of-speech-rate-and-perception-in-radio-bulletins.pdf}, Volume = {32}, Year = {2012}, Abstract = {Speech rate is one of the most important elements in a news presentation, e specially on radio, a sound medium. Accordingly, this study seeks to compare broadcasters' speech rate and the number of pauses in 40 news bulletins from the BBC (United Kingdom), Radio France (France), RAI (Italy), and RNE (Spain). Most authors addressing the medium of radio recommend a speech rate of between 160 and 180 words per minute (wpm). If this rate is considered, only one radio station, BBC, would be within the suitable limits. Instead, higher speeds and fewer pauses have been identified in the RAI and RNE bul- letins. The second part of this study attempts to analyze whether perception in the news can be affected by different speech rates. The findings indicate that the extent to which the individuals surveyed experience subjective assessment varies according to the speech rate.}, Bdsk-File-1 = {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}, Bdsk-Url-1 = {http://prosodia.upf.edu/home/arxiu/publicacions/rodero/rodero_a-comparative-analysis-of-speech-rate-and-perception-in-radio-bulletins.pdf}}
@article{villar_use_2012, Author = {Villar, Gina and Arciuli, Joanne and Mallard, David}, Date = {2012}, Date-Modified = {2018-05-12 19:42:20 +0000}, Doi = {10.1017/S0142716411000117}, Journal = {Applied Psycholinguistics}, Keywords = {deception, disfluencies, filled pauses, forensic, forensic phonetics, pauses, phonetics, prosody, temporal factors}, Number = {1}, Pages = {83--95}, Title = {Use of ``um'' in the deceptive speech of a convicted murderer}, Volume = {33}, Year = {2012}, Abstract = {Previous studies have demonstrated a link between language behaviors and deception; however, questions remain about the role of specific linguistic cues, especially in real-life high-stakes lies. This study investigated use of the so-called filler, ``um,'' in externally verifiable truthful versus deceptive speech of a convicted murderer. The data revealed significantly fewer instances of ``um'' in deceptive speech. These results are in line with our recent study of ``um'' in laboratory elicited low-stakes lies. Rather than constituting a filled pause or speech disfluency, ``um'' may have a lexical status similar to other English words and may be under the strategic control of the speaker. In an attempt to successfully deceive, humans may alter their speech, perhaps in order to avoid certain language behaviors that they think might give them away.}, Bdsk-File-1 = {YnBsaXN0MDDUAQIDBAUGJCVYJHZlcnNpb25YJG9iamVjdHNZJGFyY2hpdmVyVCR0b3ASAAGGoKgHCBMUFRYaIVUkbnVsbNMJCgsMDxJXTlMua2V5c1pOUy5vYmplY3RzViRjbGFzc6INDoACgAOiEBGABIAFgAdccmVsYXRpdmVQYXRoWWFsaWFzRGF0YV8QZS4uLy4uLy4uL0JpYmxpb2dyYWZpYS9QYXBlcnMvVmlsbGFyL1VzZSBvZiBgYHVtJycgaW4gdGhlIGRlY2VwdGl2ZSBzcGVlY2ggb2YgYSBjb252aWN0ZWQgbXVyZGVyZXIucGRm0hcLGBlXTlMuZGF0YU8RAmYAAAAAAmYAAgAADE1hY2ludG9zaCBIRAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAMv2H85IKwAAEIZ3pB9Vc2Ugb2YgYGB1bScnIGluIHQjMTA4Njc3QTUucGRmAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAQhnel1AnUDAAAAAAAAAAAAAMABAAACSAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAGVmlsbGFyABAACAAAy/YDrgAAABEACAAA1Am37AAAAAEAFBCGd6QQhmWOAAX8RwAF+5gAAMBGAAIAZE1hY2ludG9zaCBIRDpVc2VyczoAam9hcXVpbV9sbGlzdGVycmk6AEJpYmxpb2dyYWZpYToAUGFwZXJzOgBWaWxsYXI6AFVzZSBvZiBgYHVtJycgaW4gdCMxMDg2NzdBNS5wZGYADgCEAEEAVQBzAGUAIABvAGYAIABgAGAAdQBtACcAJwAgAGkAbgAgAHQAaABlACAAZABlAGMAZQBwAHQAaQB2AGUAIABzAHAAZQBlAGMAaAAgAG8AZgAgAGEAIABjAG8AbgB2AGkAYwB0AGUAZAAgAG0AdQByAGQAZQByAGUAcgAuAHAAZABmAA8AGgAMAE0AYQBjAGkAbgB0AG8AcwBoACAASABEABIAdFVzZXJzL2pvYXF1aW1fbGxpc3RlcnJpL0JpYmxpb2dyYWZpYS9QYXBlcnMvVmlsbGFyL1VzZSBvZiBgYHVtJycgaW4gdGhlIGRlY2VwdGl2ZSBzcGVlY2ggb2YgYSBjb252aWN0ZWQgbXVyZGVyZXIucGRmABMAAS8AABUAAgAY//8AAIAG0hscHR5aJGNsYXNzbmFtZVgkY2xhc3Nlc11OU011dGFibGVEYXRhox0fIFZOU0RhdGFYTlNPYmplY3TSGxwiI1xOU0RpY3Rpb25hcnmiIiBfEA9OU0tleWVkQXJjaGl2ZXLRJidUcm9vdIABAAgAEQAaACMALQAyADcAQABGAE0AVQBgAGcAagBsAG4AcQBzAHUAdwCEAI4A9gD7AQMDbQNvA3QDfwOIA5YDmgOhA6oDrwO8A78D0QPUA9kAAAAAAAACAQAAAAAAAAAoAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAD2w==}, Bdsk-Url-1 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0142716411000117}}
@inproceedings{schwab_role_2012, Address = {Shanghai}, Author = {Schwab, Sandra and Llisterri, Joaquim}, Booktitle = {Speech Prosody 2012. Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Speech Prosody}, Date = {2012}, Date-Modified = {2017-12-06 22:02:01 +0000}, Editor = {Ma, Quiuwu and Ding, Hongwei and Hirst, Daniel}, Isbn = {978-7-5608-4869-3}, Keywords = {ELE, French NL, L2, lexical stress, phonetics, prosody, speech perception}, Language = {es}, Pages = {350-353}, Publisher = {Tongji University Press}, Title = {The role of acoustic correlates of stress in the perception of Spanish accentual contrasts by French speakers}, Url = {http://liceu.uab.cat/~joaquim/publicacions/Schwab_Llisterri_Perception_Lexical_Stress_12.pdf}, Volume = {1}, Year = {2012}, Abstract = {The aim of this research is to examine the role of the acoustic correlates of lexical stress in the integration of accentual information in French speakers. A shape/pseudoword matching task is used, as it implies not only a low-level acoustic processing, but also a lexical processing. Results show, on the one hand, an influence of the accentual pattern in the perception of stress; on the other, they suggest that French speakers' accentual representations seem to be more rigid than the native Spanish ones.}, Bdsk-File-1 = {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}, Bdsk-Url-1 = {http://liceu.uab.cat/~joaquim/publicacions/Schwab_Llisterri_Perception_Lexical_Stress_12.pdf}}
@article{adell_production_2012, Author = {Adell, Jordi and Escudero, David and Bonafonte, Antonio}, Date = {2012}, Date-Modified = {2018-05-13 21:55:54 +0000}, Doi = {10.1016/j.specom.2011.10.010}, Journal = {Speech Communication}, Keywords = {disfluencies, f0, filled pauses, pause duration, pauses, phonetics, prosody, repetitions, Spanish, speaking styles, speech synthesis, speech technology, temporal factors, text-to-speech}, Number = {3}, Pages = {459--476}, Title = {Production of filled pauses in concatenative speech synthesis based on the underlying fluent sentence}, Volume = {54}, Year = {2012}, Abstract = {Until now, speech synthesis has mainly involved reading-style speech. Today, however, text-to-speech systems must provide a variety of styles because users expect these interfaces to do more than just read information. If synthetic voices must be integrated into future technology, they must simulate the way people talk instead of the way people read. Existing knowledge about how disfluencies occur has made it possible to propose a general framework for synthesising disfluencies. We propose a model based on the definition of disfluency and the concept of underlying fluent sentences. The model incorporates the parameters of standard prosodic models for fluent speech with local modifications of prosodic parameters near the interruption point. The constituents of the local models for filled pauses are derived from the analysis corpus, and constituent's prosodic parameters are predicted via linear regression analysis. We also discuss the implementation details of the model when used in a real speech synthesis system. Objective and perceptual evaluations showed that the proposed models outperformed the baseline model. Perceptual evaluations of the system showed that it is possible to synthesise filled pauses without decreasing the overall naturalness of the system, and users stated that the speech produced is even more natural than the one produced without filled pauses.}, Bdsk-File-1 = {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}, Bdsk-Url-1 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.specom.2011.10.010}}
@incollection{schwab_percepcion_2012, Address = {Mons}, Author = {Schwab, Sandra and Alfano, Iolanda and Savy, Renata and Llisterri, Joaquim}, Booktitle = {Perception phonique et parole. Percepción fónica, habla y hablar}, Date = {2012}, Date-Modified = {2017-11-19 18:53:11 +0000}, Editor = {Calvo, María Victoria and Murillo, Julio}, Isbn = {978-2-87325-069-0}, Keywords = {ELE, French NL, Italian NL, L2, lexical stress, phonetics, prosody, speech perception}, Language = {es}, Pages = {279-296}, Publisher = {Centre International de Phonétique Appliquée}, Title = {La percepción del acento léxico en una lengua extranjera}, Url = {http://liceu.uab.cat/~joaquim/publicacions/Schwab_Alfano_Savy_Llisterri_AcentoL2_12.pdf}, Year = {2012}, Abstract = {En el presente trabajo se discuten algunos factores que intervienen en la percepción del acento léxico en una lengua extranjera (LE) analizando los resultados más relevantes de un conjunto de experimentos sobre la percepción del acento léxico en español por parte de hablantes nativos de italiano y de francés, así como sobre la percepción del acento léxico en italiano por parte de hablantes nativos de español.}, Bdsk-File-1 = {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}, Bdsk-File-2 = {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}, Bdsk-Url-1 = {http://liceu.uab.cat/~joaquim/publicacions/Schwab_Alfano_Savy_Llisterri_AcentoL2_12.pdf}}
@article{martinez_matos_prosodia_2011, Author = {Martínez Matos, Hernán and Rojas, Darcy}, Date = {2011}, Date-Modified = {2018-05-14 08:28:23 +0000}, Journal = {Lengua y Habla}, Keywords = {acoustic phonetics, América, descriptive, emotions, geographical variation, phonetics, prosody, Spanish, speaking styles, speech perception, speech rate, temporal factors, Venezuela}, Number = {1}, Pages = {59--72}, Title = {Prosodia y emociones: datos acústicos, velocidad de habla y percepción de un corpus actuado}, Url = {http://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/articulo?codigo=3979257}, Volume = {15}, Year = {2011}, Abstract = {El estado emocional del hablante suele ser transmitido fielmente a través de la prosodia. Los cambios que se producen en todos los estados emocionales son detectados y cuantificados en el producto acústico final, ya sea a través de diferentes herramientas de análisis acústico o a través de las valoraciones que hacen los oyentes en los tests de percepción. Los objetivos de esta investigación son: (1) revisar y analizar sistemáticamente los correlatos acústicos asociados a emociones actuadas (alegría, tristeza y rabia) y, (2) establecer cuál es la capacidad perceptiva de los oyentes para identificar esas emociones. El corpus utilizado para lograr estos objetivos está constituido por 20 grabaciones de la enunciado Prepara una torta interpretadas por 5 actores profesionales. Los actores simularon cada una de las emociones indicadas durante la emisión del enunciado. Estas grabaciones fueron tratadas con el programa Praat para obtener los correlatos acústicos asociados a cada una de las emociones. Posteriormente, se hizo un test de percepción en el que se le pidió a los informantes que identificaran cada una de las emociones. Los datos obtenidos del análisis acústico muestran que hay diferencias consistentes entre las características acústicas para cada una de los enunciados grabadas. A través del test de percepción, se pudo observar que las emociones, en más del 70\% de los casos, son identificadas claramente. Sin embargo, se observa la existencia de casos en los que los oyentes fallan en la identificación. Las razones de este hecho se discuten en el texto.}, Bdsk-File-1 = {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}, Bdsk-Url-1 = {http://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/articulo?codigo=3979257}}
@article{gayraud_syntactic_2011, Author = {Gayraud, Frédérique and Lee, Hyeran and Barkat-Defradas, Melissa}, Date = {2011}, Date-Modified = {2018-05-30 18:50:03 +0000}, Doi = {10.3109/02699206.2010.521612}, Journal = {Clinical Linguistics \& Phonetics}, Keywords = {age, Alzheimer, clinical, clinical phonetics, disfluencies, filled pauses, French, interspeaker variation, pause location, pauses, phonetics, prosody, silent pauses, temporal factors, phonetics}, Number = {3}, Pages = {198--209}, Title = {Syntactic and lexical context of pauses and hesitations in the discourse of Alzheimer patients and healthy elderly subjects}, Volume = {25}, Year = {2011}, Abstract = {Psycholinguistic studies dealing with Alzheimer's disease (AD) commonly consider verbal aspects of language. In this article, we investigated both verbal and non-verbal aspects of speech production in AD. We used pauses and hesitations as markers of planning difficulties and hypothesized that AD patients show different patterns in the process of discourse production. We compared the distribution, the duration and the frequency of speech dysfluencies in the spontaneous discourse of 20 AD patients with 20 age, gender and socio-economically matched healthy peers. We found that patients and controls differ along several lines: patients' discourse displays more frequent silent pauses, which occur more often outside syntactic boundaries and are followed by more frequent words. Overall patients show more lexical retrieval and planning difficulties, but where controls signal their planning difficulties using filled pauses, AD patients do not.}, Bdsk-File-1 = {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}, Bdsk-Url-1 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/02699206.2010.521612}}
@inproceedings{nicholson_um..._2010, Author = {Nicholson, Hannele and Eberhard, Kathleen and Scheutz, Matthias}, Booktitle = {DiSS-LPSS Joint Workshop 2010. Proceedings of the 5th Workshop on Disfluency in Spontaneous Speech and 2nd International Symposium on Linguistic Patterns in Spontaneous Speech}, Date = {2010}, Date-Modified = {2018-05-14 08:38:43 +0000}, Eventdate = {2010-09-25/2010-09-26}, Keywords = {descriptive, disfluencies, English, filled pauses, pauses, phonetics, prosody, repairs, speaking styles, task oriented dialogue, temporal factors}, Location = {Tokyo, Japan}, Pages = {89--92}, Title = {``Um... don't see any'': The function of filled pauses and repairs}, Url = {http://www.isca-speech.org/archive/diss_lpss_2010/dl10_089.html}, Year = {2010}, Abstract = {We investigate disfluency distribution rates within different moves from an interactive task-oriented experiment to further explore the suggestion by Bortfeld et al. [1] and Nicholson [2] that different types of disfluencies may fulfill varying functions. We focus on disfluency types within moves, or speech turns, where a speaker initiates something compared to a response to such a move. We find that filled pauses (FPs) such as um or uh fulfilled an interpersonal role for participants while repairs occurred out of difficulty.}, Bdsk-File-1 = {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}, Bdsk-Url-1 = {http://www.isca-speech.org/archive/diss_lpss_2010/dl10_089.html}}
@article{ title = {Understanding emotional expression using prosodic analysis of natural speech: Refining the methodology}, type = {article}, year = {2010}, identifiers = {[object Object]}, keywords = {Affect,Depression,Emotion,Expression,Laboratory,Mood,Prosody,Schizophrenia,Speech}, volume = {41}, id = {89de8e54-ac36-3df4-9fb0-b403da2f0281}, created = {2017-03-04T05:13:32.000Z}, file_attached = {false}, profile_id = {3ceb72d7-7086-31f0-ab93-b96a09f869e0}, last_modified = {2017-03-04T05:13:32.000Z}, read = {false}, starred = {false}, authored = {true}, confirmed = {false}, hidden = {false}, abstract = {Emotional expression is an essential function for daily life that can be severely affected in some psychological disorders. Laboratory-based procedures designed to measure prosodic expression from natural speech have shown early promise for measuring individual differences in emotional expression but have yet to produce robust within-group prosodic changes across various evocative conditions. This report presents data from three separate studies (total N = 464) that digitally recorded subjects as they verbalized their reactions to various stimuli. Format and stimuli were modified to maximize prosodic expression. Our results suggest that use of evocative slides organized according to either a dimensional (e.g., high and low arousal - pleasant, unpleasant and neutral valence) or categorical (e.g., fear, surprise, happiness) models produced robust changes in subjective state but only negligible change in prosodic expression. Alternatively, speech from the recall of autobiographical memories resulted in meaningful changes in both subjective state and prosodic expression. Implications for the study of psychological disorders are discussed. © 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.}, bibtype = {article}, author = {Cohen, A.S. and Lee Hong, S. and Guevara, A.}, journal = {Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry}, number = {2} }
@inproceedings{rao_final_2010, Address = {Somerville, MA}, Author = {Rao, Rajiv}, Booktitle = {Selected Proceedings of the 4th Conference on Laboratory Approaches to Spanish Phonology}, Date = {2010}, Date-Modified = {2018-05-14 08:45:13 +0000}, Editor = {Ortega-Llebaria, Marta}, Keywords = {América, Cuba, descriptive, disfluencies, duration, Ecuador, España, geographical variation, linguistics, pause duration, pauses, phonetics, prosody, segmental lengthening, Spanish, syntax, temporal factors}, Pages = {69--82}, Publisher = {Cascadilla Proceedings Project}, Title = {Final lengthening and pause duration in three dialects of Spanish}, Url = {http://www.lingref.com/cpp/lasp/4/paper2368.pdf}, Year = {2010}, Abstract = {The present study examines whether the duration of pauses correlates with final lengthening in three domains in Spanish: final word, final syllable, and final stressed syllable. The main findings reveal that final lengthening occurs in all three constituent types both in preboundary and in prepausal situations. The prepausal condition is conducive to increased lengthening of all three constituents involved, which could be a strategy to compensate for decreased intensity at the ends of phrases, or a method of increasing planning time for the production of upcoming ideas. Despite the fact that pauses in general affect final lengthening more than cases with no pause, in this study increased lengthening correlates with PPH boundaries, or shorter pauses. Therefore, for Spanish, there is not some set of cues that indicate stronger or higher ranked phrase boundaries (as seen for European Portuguese), but rather the same cues may function differently in order to cue different phrase boundaries and provide different pragmatic and communicative functions. The empirical findings of the study have theoretical implications as well. It is suggested that combinatory effects of phonetic cues may signal stronger PPH boundaries. The same could be the case for IPs, which implies that each type of phrase may have subcategories based on strength, similar to what is suggested by Frota (2000) for EP.}, Bdsk-File-1 = {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}, Bdsk-Url-1 = {http://www.lingref.com/cpp/lasp/4/paper2368.pdf}}
@incollection{mestreit_les_2010, Address = {Mons}, Author = {Mestreit, Claude}, Booktitle = {La langue et l'être communiquant. Hommage à Julio Murillo}, Date = {2010}, Date-Modified = {2018-05-14 08:30:47 +0000}, Editor = {Baqué, Lorraine and Estrada, Marta}, Keywords = {disfluencies, FLE, L2, pauses, phonetics, prosody, silent pauses, Spanish NL, temporal factors}, Pages = {229--248}, Publisher = {Éditions du CIPA}, Title = {Les pauses silencieuses: une étude en français langue étrangère}, Year = {2010}}
@article{banon_pausa_2010, Author = {Bañón, Antonio Miguel}, Date = {2010}, Date-Modified = {2018-05-13 21:57:22 +0000}, Journal = {Español actual: Revista del español vivo}, Keywords = {discourse, disfluencies, linguistics, pauses, phonetics, politeness, political discourse, pragmatics, prosody, Spanish, speaking styles, temporal factors}, Language = {es}, Pages = {9--46}, Title = {Pausa y descortesía en el debate político-electoral}, Volume = {94}, Year = {2010}}
@inproceedings{alfano_cross-language_2010, Address = {Torriana}, Author = {Alfano, Iolanda and Schwab, Sandra and Savy, Renata and Llisterri, Joaquim}, Booktitle = {AISV 2009. La dimensione temporale del parlato. Atti del 5\textsuperscript{o} Convegno Nazionale AISV - Associazione Italiana di Scienze della Voce. Università di Zurigo. 4-6 Febbraio 2009}, Date = {2010}, Date-Modified = {2017-12-06 20:56:12 +0000}, Editor = {Schmid, Stephan and Schwarzenbach, Michael and Studer, Dieter}, Isbn = {978-88-6368-087-4}, Keywords = {contrastive, ELE, French NL, Italian NL, L2, lexical stress, phonetics, prosody, speech perception}, Language = {en}, Pages = {455-474}, Publisher = {EDK Editore}, Title = {Cross-language speech perception: Lexical stress in Spanish with Italian and francophone subjects}, Url = {http://liceu.uab.cat/~joaquim/publicacions/Alfano_Schwab_Savy_Llisterri_10_Crosslexical_Perception_Stress.pdf}, Year = {2010}, Abstract = {The present work analyses the perception of lexical stress in Spanish by Italian and French native speakers, trying to take into account the differences between Italian, French and Spanish stress systems both in perception and in production. Our results indicate that native language influence is not sufficient to explain the perception process in a foreign language, suggesting that non-native subjects use not only purely 'linguistic' perception strategies, since their choices seem to be also determined by psycholinguistic factors and by acoustic properties of the signal.}, Bdsk-File-1 = {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}, Bdsk-Url-1 = {http://liceu.uab.cat/~joaquim/publicacions/Alfano_Schwab_Savy_Llisterri_10_Crosslexical_Perception_Stress.pdf}}
@article{heldner_pauses_2010, Author = {Heldner, Mattias and Edlund, Jens}, Date = {2010}, Date-Modified = {2018-05-14 08:02:54 +0000}, Doi = {10.1016/j.wocn.2010.08.002}, Journal = {Journal of Phonetics}, Keywords = {conversation, descriptive, disfluencies, linguistics, pauses, phonetics, pragmatics, prosody, speaking styles, temporal factors, turn-taking}, Number = {4}, Pages = {555--568}, Title = {Pauses, gaps and overlaps in conversations}, Volume = {38}, Year = {2010}, Abstract = {This paper explores durational aspects of pauses, gaps and overlaps in three different conversational corpora with a view to challenge claims about precision timing in turn-taking. Distributions of pause, gap and overlap durations in conversations are presented, and methodological issues regarding the statistical treatment of such distributions are discussed. The results are related to published minimal response times for spoken utterances and thresholds for detection of acoustic silences in speech. It is shown that turn-taking is generally less precise than is often claimed by researchers in the field of conversation analysis or interactional linguistics. These results are discussed in the light of their implications for models of timing in turn-taking, and for interaction control models in speech technology. In particular, it is argued that the proportion of speaker changes that could potentially be triggered by information immediately preceding the speaker change is large enough for reactive interaction controls models to be viable in speech technology.}, Bdsk-File-1 = {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}, Bdsk-Url-1 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wocn.2010.08.002}}
@inproceedings{merlo_periodic_2010, Author = {Merlo, Sandra and Barbosa, Plínio Almeida}, Booktitle = {DiSS-LPSS Joint Workshop 2010. Proceedings of the 5th Workshop on Disfluency in Spontaneous Speech and 2nd International Symposium on Linguistic Patterns in Spontaneous Speech}, Date = {2010}, Date-Modified = {2018-05-14 08:30:34 +0000}, Eventdate = {2010-09-25/2010-09-26}, Keywords = {descriptive, disfluencies, filled pauses, pauses, phonetics, Portuguese, prosody, rhythm, speaking styles, spontaneous speech, temporal factors}, Location = {Tokyo, Japan}, Pages = {19--22}, Title = {Periodic cycles of hesitation phenomena in spontaneous speech}, Url = {http://www.isca-speech.org/archive/diss_lpss_2010/dl10_019.html}, Year = {2010}, Abstract = {To verify whether hesitation phenomena are distributed periodically in spontaneous speech, twenty speech samples produced by five male adults were analyzed. Spectral analysis allowed for three main findings. First, hesitations present stationary behavior, which implies they did not accumulate in the beginning, in the middle, or in the end of speech samples. Second, periodic cycles of hesitation phenomena were detected in all speech samples (mean cycle duration around 13 seconds). This implies that regions with more hesitations tended to regularly alternate with regions with fewer hesitations. Third, periodic cycles accounted for about 30\% of variance in data.}, Bdsk-File-1 = {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}, Bdsk-Url-1 = {http://www.isca-speech.org/archive/diss_lpss_2010/dl10_019.html}}
@inproceedings{adell_modelling_2010, Author = {Adell, Jordi and Bonafonte, Antonio and Escudero, David}, Booktitle = {Speech Prosody 2010. Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Speech Prosody}, Date = {2010}, Date-Modified = {2018-05-13 21:55:14 +0000}, Eventdate = {2010-05-11/2010-05-14}, Keywords = {conversation, disfluencies, duration, filled pauses, pause duration, pauses, phonetics, prosody, rhythm, segmental lengthening, Spanish, speaking styles, speech synthesis, speech technology, temporal factors, text-to-speech}, Location = {Chicago, IL, USA}, Pages = {1--4}, Title = {Modelling filled pauses prosody to synthesise disfluent speech}, Url = {http://www.isca-speech.org/archive/sp2010/sp10_624.html}, Year = {2010}, Abstract = {In the present paper we present a new approach to the synthesis of filled pauses since they are as frequent as most frequent words in conversational speech. The problem is tackled from the point of view of disfluent speech synthesis. Based on the synthetic disfluent speech model, we analyse the features that describe filled pauses and propose a model to predict them. The model was implemented and perceptually evaluated with successful results.}, Bdsk-File-1 = {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}, Bdsk-Url-1 = {http://www.isca-speech.org/archive/sp2010/sp10_624.html}}
@inproceedings{alfano_sulla_2009, Address = {Torriana}, Author = {Alfano, Iolanda and Savy, Renata and Llisterri, Joaquim}, Booktitle = {AISV 2007. La fonetica sperimentale. Metodo e applicazioni. Atti del 4\textsuperscript{o} Convegno Nazionale AISV - Associazione Italiana di Scienze della Voce. Università della Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende (CS). 3-5 Dicembre 2007}, Date = {2009}, Date-Modified = {2017-12-06 20:55:16 +0000}, Editor = {Romito, Luciano and Galatà, Vincenzo and Lio, Rosita}, Isbn = {978-88-6368-046-1}, Keywords = {acoustic phonetics, duration, Italian, L2, lexical stress, phonetics, prosody, segmental, Spanish, speech perception, temporal factors, vowels, contrastive}, Pages = {22-39}, Publisher = {EDK Editore}, Title = {Sulla realtà acustica dell'acento lessicale in italiano ed in spagnolo: la durata vocalica in produzione e percezione}, Url = {http://liceu.uab.cat/~joaquim/publicacions/Alfano_Savy_Llisterri_07_Durata_Vocalica_Italiano_Spagnolo.pdf}, Year = {2009}, Abstract = {Il presente lavoro mira ad approfondire aspetti controversi relativi alle caratteristiche acustiche in produzione e in percezione dell'accento lessicale in italiano e in spagnolo, emersi in precedenti studi realizzati sulle due lingue con analoghe e pertanto comparabili metodologie sperimentali. L'idea che muove i lavori cui facciamo riferimento (Llisterri et al., 2005; Alfano, 2006; Alfano et al., 2007) nasce dall'intento di valutare il peso dei correlati acustici dell'accento lessicale in percezione. Tali indagini sono state condotte partendo da esperimenti percettivi realizzati con stimoli (parole e non parole in isolamento) ottenuti in seguito alla manipolazione sistematica di durata e frequenza fondamentale. A dispetto delle rilevanti proprietà strutturali condivise dai due sistemi linguistici, in italiano la durata risulta giocare un ruolo dominante (Alfano, 2006), mentre in spagnolo la f0 si delinea come il parametro responsabile della percezione dell'accento, se manipolato però insieme alla durata o all'intensità (Llisterri et al., 2005). I risultati mostrano, per ambedue le lingue, la natura complessa del processo di percezione, ma ancor più articolata si delinea l'analisi dei dati relativi allo stesso protocollo sperimentale impiegato in un lavoro linguisticamente incrociato, con stimoli in italiano e parlanti nativi di spagnolo (Alfano et al., 2007). Tale esperimento era stato messo a punto per capire se, ed eventualmente in che modo, la strategia percettiva dipende dalla lingua madre; i soggetti spagnoli paiono reagire all'ascolto di input in italiano diversamente da come fanno nella propria lingua. Mentre, infatti, in spagnolo si mostrano del tutto insensibili alla sola alterazione del fattore temporale, in italiano reagiscono agli stimoli con la durata alterata presentando evidenti difficoltà, sia nell'identificazione che nella discriminazione. Un'analisi del grado di coerenza delle risposte in relazione alla tipologia di modifica mostra, in conseguenza della manipolazione della durata, una situazione fortemente problematica. Data la peculiarità del comportamento dei soggetti in risposta all'alterazione di questo parametro, ci è parso necessario effettuare un'analisi delle caratteristiche acustiche di durata vocalica in italiano e in spagnolo. Presentiamo, dunque, un'analisi contrastiva della durata vocalica nei corpora impiegati negli esperimenti rispetto a: a) posizione della vocale, b) sua tonicità/atonicità, c) profilo accentuale della parola. Tale indagine rileva differenze interessanti e talvolta inaspettate tra i due sistemi, che porgiamo altresì come chiave interpretativa della strategia percettiva impiegata in lingua straniera.}, Bdsk-File-1 = {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}, Bdsk-Url-1 = {http://liceu.uab.cat/~joaquim/publicacions/Alfano_Savy_Llisterri_07_Durata_Vocalica_Italiano_Spagnolo.pdf}}
@incollection{rios_signos_2009, Address = {Barcelona}, Author = {Ríos, Antonio}, Booktitle = {Lengua, comunicación y libros de estilo}, Date = {2009}, Date-Modified = {2018-05-14 08:47:05 +0000}, Editor = {Alcoba, Santiago}, Keywords = {disfluencies, mass media, pauses, phonetics, prosody, punctuation, Spanish, temporal factors, writing}, Pages = {161--173}, Title = {Signos de puntuación y libros de estilo}, Url = {http://dfe.uab.es/dfeblog/salcoba/files/2009/07/libro-estilo.pdf}, Year = {2009}, Bdsk-File-1 = {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}, Bdsk-Url-1 = {http://dfe.uab.es/dfeblog/salcoba/files/2009/07/libro-estilo.pdf}}
@inproceedings{garcia_amaya_new_2009, Address = {Somerville, MA}, Author = {García Amaya, Lorenzo}, Booktitle = {Selected Proceedings of the 11th Hispanic Linguistics Symposium}, Date = {2009}, Date-Modified = {2018-05-14 07:54:34 +0000}, Editor = {Collentine, Joseph and García, Maryellen and Lafford, Barbara and Marcos Marín, Francisco}, Keywords = {disfluencies, ELE, filled pauses, fluency, L2, pauses, phonetics, prosody, repairs, repetitions, speech rate, temporal factors}, Pages = {68--80}, Publisher = {Cascadilla Proceedings Project}, Title = {New findings of fluency measures across three different learning contexts}, Url = {http://www.lingref.com/cpp/hls/11/abstract2203.html}, Year = {2009}, Abstract = {This investigation examines different measures of oral fluency for second language learners of Spanish in three different learning contexts: formal or at home (AH); intensive overseas immersion (IM); and study abroad (SA). A total of 25 participants divided equally in five groups participated in the study: AH1, AH2, IM, SA, and a Spanish NS group for a baseline comparison. The data analysis focused on the 15 longest turns produced by each participant in a 30-40 minute sociolinguistic interview. Results indicate that no learner group was proven to be superior with regard to all fluency measures. In terms of rate of speech, ratio of filled pauses per syllables, and percentage of syllables in repetition per total syllables, the IM group was shown to be superior. As for number of spoken words, total number of seconds per turn, and percentage of syllables in repair per total syllables, the SA group was shown to be superior.}, Bdsk-File-1 = {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}, Bdsk-Url-1 = {http://www.lingref.com/cpp/hls/11/abstract2203.html}}
@article{quene_multilevel_2008, Author = {Quené, Hugo}, Date = {2008}, Date-Modified = {2018-05-14 08:44:52 +0000}, Doi = {10.1121/1.2821762}, Journal = {The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America}, Keywords = {age, conversation, descriptive, dialectology, Dutch, gender, geographical variation, interspeaker variation, intraspeaker variation, phonetics, prosody, speaking styles, speech rate, spontaneous speech, temporal factors}, Number = {2}, Pages = {1104--1113}, Title = {Multilevel modeling of between-speaker and within-speaker variation in spontaneous speech tempo}, Volume = {123}, Year = {2008}, Abstract = {Speech tempo (articulation rate) varies both between and within speakers. The present study investigates several factors affecting tempo in a corpus of spoken Dutch, consisting of interviews with 160 high-school teachers. Speech tempo was observed for each phrase separately, and analyzed by means of multilevel modeling of the speaker's sex, age, country, and dialect region (between speakers) and length, sequential position of phrase, and autocorrelated tempo (within speakers). Results show that speech tempo in this corpus depends mainly on phrase length, due to anticipatory shortening, and on the speaker's country, with different speaking styles in The Netherlands (faster, less varied) and in Flanders (slower, more varied). Additional analyses showed that phrase length itself is shorter in The Netherlands than in Flanders, and decreases with speaker's age. Older speakers tend to vary their phrase length more (within speakers), perhaps due to their accumulated verbal proficiency.}, Bdsk-File-1 = {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}, Bdsk-Url-1 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.2821762}}
@incollection{albala_vile:_2008, Address = {Granada}, Author = {Albalá, María José and Battaner, Elena and Carranza, Mario and de la Mota, Carme and Gil, Juana and Llisterri, Joaquim and Machuca, María Jesús and Madrigal, Natalia and Marquina, Montserrat and Marrero, Victoria and Riera, Montserrat and Ríos, Antonio}, Booktitle = {Language Design. Journal of Theoretical and Experimental Linguistics. Special Issue 2: Experimental Prosody}, Date = {2008}, Date-Modified = {2018-05-14 11:27:09 +0000}, Editor = {Pamies, Antonio and Amorós, Mari Cruz and Pazos, José Manuel}, Issn = {1139-4218}, Keywords = {acoustic phonetics, disfluencies, filled pauses, forensic, forensic phonetics, intonation, pauses, phonetics, prosody, read speech, Spanish, speaking styles, spontaneous speech, temporal factors, VILE}, Pages = {15--22}, Publisher = {Método Ediciones}, Title = {VILE: Análisis estadístico de los parámetros relacionados con el grupo de entonación}, Url = {http://liceu.uab.cat/~joaquim/phonetics/VILE/VILE_IVCFE08_GrupoEntonacion.pdf}, Year = {2008}, Bdsk-File-1 = {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}, Bdsk-File-2 = {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}, Bdsk-Url-1 = {http://liceu.uab.cat/~joaquim/phonetics/VILE/VILE_IVCFE08_GrupoEntonacion.pdf}}
@inproceedings{moniz_filled-pauses_2007, Author = {Moniz, Helena and Mata, Ana Isabel and Viana, Maria do Céu}, Booktitle = {Interspeech 2007. Proceedings of the 8th Annual Conference of the International Speech Communication Association}, Date = {2007}, Date-Modified = {2018-05-14 08:31:24 +0000}, Eventdate = {2007-08-27/2007-08-31}, Keywords = {descriptive, disfluencies, duration, filled pauses, pauses, phonetics, Portuguese, prosody, segmental lengthening, speaking styles, spontaneous speech, temporal factors}, Location = {Antwerp, Belgium}, Pages = {2645--2648}, Title = {On filled-pauses and prolongations in European Portuguese}, Url = {http://www.inesc-id.pt/pt/indicadores/Ficheiros/4060.pdf}, Year = {2007}, Abstract = {This paper reports preliminary results from a study of disfluencies in European Portuguese, based on a corpus of prepared (non-scripted) and spontaneous oral presentations in high school context. We will focus on the contextual distribution and temporal patterns of filled pauses and segmental prolongations, as well as on the way those are rated by listeners. Results suggest that filled pauses and segmental prolongations behave alike, have similar functions and may be considered in complementary distribution, obeying general syntactic and prosodic constraints.}, Bdsk-File-1 = {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}, Bdsk-Url-1 = {http://www.inesc-id.pt/pt/indicadores/Ficheiros/4060.pdf}}
@inproceedings{kendall_listening_2007, Address = {Barcelona}, Author = {Kendall, Tyler}, Booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2nd European IAFL Conference on Forensic Linguistics / Language and the Law}, Date = {2007}, Date-Modified = {2018-07-20 19:19:48 +0000}, Editor = {Turell, M Teresa and Spassova, Maria and Cicres, Jordi}, Keywords = {disfluencies, forensic, forensic phonetics, forensic linguistics, orthographic transcription, pauses, phonetics, prosody, temporal factors, transcription}, Pages = {323--332}, Publisher = {Institut Universitari de Lingüística Aplicada, Universitat Pompeu Fabra}, Title = {Listening to silence: interpretation and transcription of pause in deposition}, Url = {http://pages.uoregon.edu/tsk/pdfs/kendall_pause-in-deposition.pdf}, Year = {2007}, Bdsk-File-1 = {YnBsaXN0MDDUAQIDBAUGJCVYJHZlcnNpb25YJG9iamVjdHNZJGFyY2hpdmVyVCR0b3ASAAGGoKgHCBMUFRYaIVUkbnVsbNMJCgsMDxJXTlMua2V5c1pOUy5vYmplY3RzViRjbGFzc6INDoACgAOiEBGABIAFgAdccmVsYXRpdmVQYXRoWWFsaWFzRGF0YV8QZy4uLy4uLy4uL0JpYmxpb2dyYWZpYS9QYXBlcnMvS2VuZGFsbC9MaXN0ZW5pbmcgdG8gc2lsZW5jZSBpbnRlcnByZXRhdGlvbiBhbmQgdHJhbnNjcmlwdGlvbiBvZiBwYXVzZS5wZGbSFwsYGVdOUy5kYXRhTxECbgAAAAACbgACAAAMTWFjaW50b3NoIEhEAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAy/YfzkgrAAAQhm7WH0xpc3RlbmluZyB0byBzaWxlbiMxMDg2NkVENy5wZGYAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAABCGbtfUCdN6AAAAAAAAAAAAAwAEAAAJIAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAdLZW5kYWxsAAAQAAgAAMv2A64AAAARAAgAANQJt1oAAAABABQQhm7WEIZljgAF/EcABfuYAADARgACAGVNYWNpbnRvc2ggSEQ6VXNlcnM6AGpvYXF1aW1fbGxpc3RlcnJpOgBCaWJsaW9ncmFmaWE6AFBhcGVyczoAS2VuZGFsbDoATGlzdGVuaW5nIHRvIHNpbGVuIzEwODY2RUQ3LnBkZgAADgCGAEIATABpAHMAdABlAG4AaQBuAGcAIAB0AG8AIABzAGkAbABlAG4AYwBlACAAaQBuAHQAZQByAHAAcgBlAHQAYQB0AGkAbwBuACAAYQBuAGQAIAB0AHIAYQBuAHMAYwByAGkAcAB0AGkAbwBuACAAbwBmACAAcABhAHUAcwBlAC4AcABkAGYADwAaAAwATQBhAGMAaQBuAHQAbwBzAGgAIABIAEQAEgB2VXNlcnMvam9hcXVpbV9sbGlzdGVycmkvQmlibGlvZ3JhZmlhL1BhcGVycy9LZW5kYWxsL0xpc3RlbmluZyB0byBzaWxlbmNlIGludGVycHJldGF0aW9uIGFuZCB0cmFuc2NyaXB0aW9uIG9mIHBhdXNlLnBkZgATAAEvAAAVAAIAGP//AACABtIbHB0eWiRjbGFzc25hbWVYJGNsYXNzZXNdTlNNdXRhYmxlRGF0YaMdHyBWTlNEYXRhWE5TT2JqZWN00hscIiNcTlNEaWN0aW9uYXJ5oiIgXxAPTlNLZXllZEFyY2hpdmVy0SYnVHJvb3SAAQAIABEAGgAjAC0AMgA3AEAARgBNAFUAYABnAGoAbABuAHEAcwB1AHcAhACOAPgA/QEFA3cDeQN+A4kDkgOgA6QDqwO0A7kDxgPJA9sD3gPjAAAAAAAAAgEAAAAAAAAAKAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA+U=}, Bdsk-Url-1 = {http://pages.uoregon.edu/tsk/pdfs/kendall_pause-in-deposition.pdf}}
@article{menjura_fluidez_2007, Author = {Menjura, Martha Patricia}, Date = {2007}, Date-Modified = {2018-05-14 08:29:17 +0000}, Journal = {Ogigia. Revista electrónica de estudios hispánicos}, Keywords = {assessment, descriptive, discourse, disfluencies, duration, false starts, fluency, pauses, phonetics, prosody, repetitions, segmental lengthening, Spanish, temporal factors}, Pages = {7--16}, Title = {La fluidez discursiva oral. Una propuesta de evaluación}, Url = {http://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/articulo?codigo=2279117}, Volume = {1}, Year = {2007}, Abstract = {Las repeticiones, pausas, silencios, alargamientos, enunciados truncados o inconclusos, gestos, vacilaciones y ruidos son fenómenos normales dentro de la comunicación oral y constituyen recursos importantes que usa el hablante para precisar el significado de una expresión, para multiplicar la emotividad de un enunciado, para generar espacios de participación con el interlocutor, o simplemente para respirar. Sin embargo, estos fenómenos no siempre aportan calidad al discurso, y su presencia reiterada o excesiva por parte del hablante, genera ruidos o interferencias en la comunicación. Este texto señala los momentos en los cuales los fenómenos orales pueden incidir positiva o negativamente en la calidad del discurso de acuerdo con el contexto y la intencionalidad del hablante.}, Bdsk-File-1 = {YnBsaXN0MDDUAQIDBAUGJCVYJHZlcnNpb25YJG9iamVjdHNZJGFyY2hpdmVyVCR0b3ASAAGGoKgHCBMUFRYaIVUkbnVsbNMJCgsMDxJXTlMua2V5c1pOUy5vYmplY3RzViRjbGFzc6INDoACgAOiEBGABIAFgAdccmVsYXRpdmVQYXRoWWFsaWFzRGF0YW8QYQAuAC4ALwAuAC4ALwAuAC4ALwBCAGkAYgBsAGkAbwBnAHIAYQBmAGkAYQAvAFAAYQBwAGUAcgBzAC8ATQBlAG4AagB1AHIAYQAvAEwAYQAgAGYAbAB1AGkAZABlAHoAIABkAGkAcwBjAHUAcgBzAGkAdgBhACAAbwByAGEAbAAuACAAVQBuAGEAIABwAHIAbwBwAHUAZQBzAHQAYQAgAGQAZQAgAGUAdgBhAGwAdQBhAGMAaQBvAwEAbgAuAHAAZABm0hcLGBlXTlMuZGF0YU8RAl4AAAAAAl4AAgAADE1hY2ludG9zaCBIRAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAMv2H85IKwAAEIZxlR9MYSBmbHVpZGV6IGRpc2N1cnMjMTA4NjcxOTYucGRmAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAQhnGW0+pH9AAAAAAAAAAAAAMABAAACSAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAHTWVuanVyYQAAEAAIAADL9gOuAAAAEQAIAADT6ivUAAAAAQAUEIZxlRCGZY4ABfxHAAX7mAAAwEYAAgBlTWFjaW50b3NoIEhEOlVzZXJzOgBqb2FxdWltX2xsaXN0ZXJyaToAQmlibGlvZ3JhZmlhOgBQYXBlcnM6AE1lbmp1cmE6AExhIGZsdWlkZXogZGlzY3VycyMxMDg2NzE5Ni5wZGYAAA4AegA8AEwAYQAgAGYAbAB1AGkAZABlAHoAIABkAGkAcwBjAHUAcgBzAGkAdgBhACAAbwByAGEAbAAuACAAVQBuAGEAIABwAHIAbwBwAHUAZQBzAHQAYQAgAGQAZQAgAGUAdgBhAGwAdQBhAGMAaQBvAwEAbgAuAHAAZABmAA8AGgAMAE0AYQBjAGkAbgB0AG8AcwBoACAASABEABIAcVVzZXJzL2pvYXF1aW1fbGxpc3RlcnJpL0JpYmxpb2dyYWZpYS9QYXBlcnMvTWVuanVyYS9MYSBmbHVpZGV6IGRpc2N1cnNpdmEgb3JhbC4gVW5hIHByb3B1ZXN0YSBkZSBldmFsdWFjaW/MgW4ucGRmAAATAAEvAAAVAAIAGP//AACABtIbHB0eWiRjbGFzc25hbWVYJGNsYXNzZXNdTlNNdXRhYmxlRGF0YaMdHyBWTlNEYXRhWE5TT2JqZWN00hscIiNcTlNEaWN0aW9uYXJ5oiIgXxAPTlNLZXllZEFyY2hpdmVy0SYnVHJvb3SAAQAIABEAGgAjAC0AMgA3AEAARgBNAFUAYABnAGoAbABuAHEAcwB1AHcAhACOAVMBWAFgA8IDxAPJA9QD3QPrA+8D9gP/BAQEEQQUBCYEKQQuAAAAAAAAAgEAAAAAAAAAKAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAABDA=}, Bdsk-Url-1 = {http://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/articulo?codigo=2279117}}
@article{cicres_alisis_2007, Author = {Cicres, Jordi}, Date = {2007}, Date-Modified = {2018-05-14 18:05:45 +0000}, Doi = {10.4206/sint.tecnol.2007.v3n2-04}, Journal = {Síntesis Tecnológica}, Keywords = {Catalan, disfluencies, f0, voice quality, filled pauses, forensic, forensic phonetics, acoustic phonetics, pauses, phonetics, prosody, speaking styles, spontaneous speech, temporal factors}, Number = {2}, Pages = {87--96}, Title = {Análisis discriminante de un conjunto de parámetros fonético-acústicos de las pausas llenas para identificar hablantes}, Volume = {3}, Year = {2007}, Bdsk-File-1 = {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}, Bdsk-Url-1 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4206/sint.tecnol.2007.v3n2-04}}
@inproceedings{stepanova_features_2007, Author = {Stepanova, Svetlana}, Booktitle = {ICPhS 2007. Proceedings of the 16th International Congress of Phonetic Sciences}, Date = {2007}, Date-Modified = {2018-05-14 09:29:29 +0000}, Editor = {Trouvain, Jürgen and Barry, William J}, Eventdate = {2007-08-06/2007-08-10}, Keywords = {descriptive, disfluencies, filled pauses, pauses, phonetics, prosody, Russian, speaking styles, spontaneous speech, temporal factors}, Location = {Saarbrücken, Germany}, Pages = {1325--1328}, Title = {Some features of filled hesitation pauses in spontaneous Russian}, Url = {http://www.icphs2007.de/conference/Papers/1261/1261.pdf}, Year = {2007}, Abstract = {This article examines the results of research conducted on different varieties of hesitation phenomena. The research, based on the spontaneous speech recordings of 10 Russian speakers, compares the spectral characteristics of these speakers' vocalizations from hesitation pauses and the vowels /a / and /e/ within words from spontaneous monologues.}, Bdsk-File-1 = {YnBsaXN0MDDUAQIDBAUGJCVYJHZlcnNpb25YJG9iamVjdHNZJGFyY2hpdmVyVCR0b3ASAAGGoKgHCBMUFRYaIVUkbnVsbNMJCgsMDxJXTlMua2V5c1pOUy5vYmplY3RzViRjbGFzc6INDoACgAOiEBGABIAFgAdccmVsYXRpdmVQYXRoWWFsaWFzRGF0YV8QVC4uLy4uLy4uL0JpYmxpb2dyYWZpYS9QYXBlcnMvU3RlcGFub3ZhL1NvbWUgZmVhdHVyZXMgb2YgZmlsbGVkIGhlc2l0YXRpb24gcGF1c2VzLnBkZtIXCxgZV05TLmRhdGFPEQI2AAAAAAI2AAIAAAxNYWNpbnRvc2ggSEQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAADL9h/OSCsAABCGdngfU29tZSBmZWF0dXJlcyBvZiBmIzEwODY3Njc5LnBkZgAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAEIZ2edQJ0/gAAAAAAAAAAAADAAQAAAkgAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAACVN0ZXBhbm92YQAAEAAIAADL9gOuAAAAEQAIAADUCbfYAAAAAQAUEIZ2eBCGZY4ABfxHAAX7mAAAwEYAAgBnTWFjaW50b3NoIEhEOlVzZXJzOgBqb2FxdWltX2xsaXN0ZXJyaToAQmlibGlvZ3JhZmlhOgBQYXBlcnM6AFN0ZXBhbm92YToAU29tZSBmZWF0dXJlcyBvZiBmIzEwODY3Njc5LnBkZgAADgBcAC0AUwBvAG0AZQAgAGYAZQBhAHQAdQByAGUAcwAgAG8AZgAgAGYAaQBsAGwAZQBkACAAaABlAHMAaQB0AGEAdABpAG8AbgAgAHAAYQB1AHMAZQBzAC4AcABkAGYADwAaAAwATQBhAGMAaQBuAHQAbwBzAGgAIABIAEQAEgBjVXNlcnMvam9hcXVpbV9sbGlzdGVycmkvQmlibGlvZ3JhZmlhL1BhcGVycy9TdGVwYW5vdmEvU29tZSBmZWF0dXJlcyBvZiBmaWxsZWQgaGVzaXRhdGlvbiBwYXVzZXMucGRmAAATAAEvAAAVAAIAGP//AACABtIbHB0eWiRjbGFzc25hbWVYJGNsYXNzZXNdTlNNdXRhYmxlRGF0YaMdHyBWTlNEYXRhWE5TT2JqZWN00hscIiNcTlNEaWN0aW9uYXJ5oiIgXxAPTlNLZXllZEFyY2hpdmVy0SYnVHJvb3SAAQAIABEAGgAjAC0AMgA3AEAARgBNAFUAYABnAGoAbABuAHEAcwB1AHcAhACOAOUA6gDyAywDLgMzAz4DRwNVA1kDYANpA24DewN+A5ADkwOYAAAAAAAAAgEAAAAAAAAAKAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA5o=}, Bdsk-Url-1 = {http://www.icphs2007.de/conference/Papers/1261/1261.pdf}}
@article{cabedo_caracterizacion_2007, Author = {Cabedo, Adrián}, Date = {2007}, Date-Modified = {2018-05-14 06:21:57 +0000}, Journal = {ELUA. Estudios de Lingüística de la Universidad de Alicante}, Keywords = {conversation, descriptive, duration, f0, intonation, linguistics, phonetics, pragmatics, prosody, Spanish, speaking styles, speech rate, temporal factors}, Language = {es}, Pages = {53--64}, Title = {Caracterización prosódica del estilo directo de habla en la conversación coloquial}, Url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10045/9932}, Volume = {21}, Year = {2007}, Abstract = {Este artículo pretende caracterizar desde un punto de vista prosódico el estilo directo de habla que podemos encontrar de modo habitual en cualquier intervención de una conversación coloquial. Así pues, nuestro propósito es comparar fragmentos de estilo directo con fragmentos normales de habla (sin estilo directo), para poder extraer conclusiones de carácter prosódico. En ese sentido, hemos analizado la frecuencia fundamental media, el rango tonal, la duración y la velocidad de habla de grupos entonativos procedentes de una conversación coloquial}, Bdsk-File-1 = {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}, Bdsk-Url-1 = {http://hdl.handle.net/10045/9932}}
@incollection{simpson_hesitation_2006, Address = {Oxford}, Author = {Simpson, Adrian P}, Booktitle = {Encyclopedia of Language \& Linguistics}, Date = {2006}, Date-Modified = {2018-05-12 22:37:01 +0000}, Doi = {10.1016/B0-08-044854-2/00580-0}, Edition = {2}, Editor = {Brown, Keith}, Keywords = {disfluencies, general, pauses, phonetics, prosody, temporal factors}, Pages = {284--288}, Publisher = {Elsevier}, Title = {Hesitation phenomena and pauses}, Year = {2006}, Abstract = {This article describes some of the phonetic strategies that speakers use when they are confronted with formulation problems, such as finding an appropriate lexical item or expression. First, the reasons for suspension are examined followed by a description of different types of silent pause. The form of hesitation particles (um, er) in filled pauses in English and other languages are described, as is use of lengthening and sound quality. Finally, a short excerpt from a map task dialogue is used to illustrate the different types of hesitation that can occur in a single short stretch of utterance.}, Bdsk-File-1 = {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}, Bdsk-Url-1 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/B0-08-044854-2/00580-0}}
@article{carlson_prosodic_2006, Author = {Carlson, Rolf and Gustafson, Kjell and Strangert, Eva}, Date = {2006}, Date-Modified = {2018-05-14 06:23:17 +0000}, Journal = {Lund Working Papers in Linguistics}, Keywords = {descriptive, disfluencies, duration, f0, intonation, pause duration, pauses, phonetics, prosody, segmental lengthening, speech perception, temporal factors, voice quality}, Pages = {21--24}, Title = {Prosodic cues for hesitation}, Url = {http://journals.lub.lu.se/index.php/LWPL/article/view/2286/1861}, Volume = {52}, Year = {2006}, Abstract = {In our efforts to model spontaneous speech for use in, for example, spoken dialogue systems, a series of experiments have been conducted in order to investigate correlates to perceived hesitation. Previous work has shown that it is the total duration increase that is the valid cue rather than the contribution by either of the two factors pause duration and final lengthening. In the present experiment we explored the effects of FO slope variation and the preserve vs. absence of creaky voice in addition to durational cues, using synthetic stimuli. The results showed that variation of both FO slope and creaky voice did have perceptual effects, but to a much lesser degree than the durational increase.}, Bdsk-File-1 = {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}, Bdsk-Url-1 = {http://journals.lub.lu.se/index.php/LWPL/article/view/2286/1861}}
@phdthesis{blondet_variaciones_2006, Address = {Mérida}, Author = {Blondet, María Alejandra}, Date = {2006}, Date-Modified = {2018-05-13 22:04:40 +0000}, Keywords = {América, descriptive, geographical variation, phonetics, prosody, Spanish, speech rate, temporal factors, Venezuela}, School = {Universidad de Los Andes}, Title = {Variaciones de la velocidad de habla en español: patrones fonéticos y estrategias fonológicas. Un estudio desde la producción}, Type = {Tesis doctoral}, Url = {http://bdigital.ula.ve/documento/2388}, Year = {2006}, Abstract = {La premisa fundamental de este trabajo sostiene que cada velocidad de habla se encuentra codificada en la estructura fonológica de la lengua. En consecuencia, se puede afirmar que cada hablante dispone de las estrategias para variar la velocidad y del perfil temporal asociado a cada una de ellas. Se asume que el tempo es una interfase fonológica que regula la información emitida por cada uno de los niveles lingüísticos. Las diferentes estructuraciones y duraciones silábicas y pausales impuestas por los diferentes niveles lingüísticos se ven regidas por la acción del tempo en tanto interfase o principio rector de la temporalidad. Afirmamos, que o partir de la estructuración temporal del habla es posible predecir la información que corresponde a cado uno de los niveles lingüísticos subyacentes, y que se representa en las diferentes duraciones y organizaciones silábicas y pausales los objetivos que plantea esta investigación son: I) Determinar las estrategias y los patrones temporales utilizados por los hablantes paro variar la velocidad de habla. II) Comprobar que hay correlación entre la estructuración temporal y lo sintáctica. Para alcanzar los objetivos propuestos este trabajo fundamenta su ámbito de acción en tres presupuestos fundamentales: a) la estructura temporal del habla tiene un carácter fonológico. b) los cambios de velocidad se evidencian mediante la distribución, duración y número de sílabos, y no sólo o través de lo distribución, duración y número de pausas silenciosos. Asimismo, estos cambios no suponen modificaciones simétricas ni homogéneas: variar lo velocidad de habla no implica cambios uniformes de duración silábico y pausal. Las estrategias utilizadas poro modificar lo velocidad no son idénticas: cuando se posa de velocidad normal a lenta se recurre a medios diferentes a los utilizados para pasar de normal o rápido. Los cambios acusados en las duraciones silábicas y pausales tampoco se distribuyen uniformemente: no todos las sílabas resultan modificadas, ni los que son modificados registran la misma toso de variación temporal. c) las fronteras sintácticas están señalados por la duración silábica y/o pausal, y consideramos que la jerarquía sintáctica de los constituyentes es directamente proporcional a la duración de las variables temporales. Sostenemos que, independientemente de cuál sea la última sílaba acentuada del constituyente o silaba nuclear, siempre será la última silaba la que va a marcar, a través de la duración, el límite o la frontera sintáctica. Hemos estructurado este trabajo en cinco capítulos. El primero de ellos muestra el amplio espectro de razones de orden lingüístico, paralingüístico y extralingüístico que motivan los cambios de velocidad de habla. El segundo capítulo presenta los diferentes unidades propuestas para medir la velocidad de habla y aborda la diferencia entre velocidad de habla (incluye las pausas) y de elocución (excluye las pausas). Consideramos pertinente en este capítulo explicar los conceptos de cambios locales y globales de velocidad, para luego discurrir sobre la existencia de una unidad fonológica que regula el tempo de habla, para la cual hemos acuñado un término en este trabajo: temporema. El capítulo tres distingue los diversos factores que motivan los cambios en la duración silábica y reflexiona sobre la escogencia de la sílaba, en lugar del segmento, como unidad de estudio para este trabajo. Se sigue la teoría de la acomodación silábica (Campbell, 1992b) para apoyar la premisa de que los segmentos se acomodan para formar parte de una supra-estructura, la sílaba El cuarto capítulo se ocupa de evidenciar la fuerte correspondencia entre la estructuración sintáctica y lo prosódico. Muestra, también, cómo lo duración pausal señala el límite sintáctico y agrupo a las unidades de un enunciado. Hacia el final del capítulo, se sugieren algunas aplicaciones del estudio de la estructuración pausal del habla en programas de síntesis del español. El quinto capítulo expone el protocolo experimental utilizado en la recolección del corpus, en miras a la obtención de la muestra seleccionada para este estudio. Luego, expone los lineamientos acordados para la segmentación acústica de las sílabas fonéticas y de las pausas como unidades de análisis para cada velocidad de hablo seleccionada. El capítulo sexto, Análisis de los datos, presenta los valores promedios de duración silábica y pausal con el propósito de evidenciar el uso de estrategias fonológicas para cada velocidad de habla. También se muestran aquí, los patrones empleados para variar la velocidad de habla. Finalmente, en la discusión exponemos los hallazgos más importantes encontrados en esta investigación, partiendo de la comprobación y relación entre las hipótesis y los objetivos propuestos inicialmente. Esta discusión antecede las conclusiones.}, Bdsk-Url-1 = {http://bdigital.ula.ve/documento/2388}}
@inproceedings{campione_pauses_2005, Author = {Campione, Estelle and Véronis, Jean}, Booktitle = {DISS 2005. Proceedings of the ISCA Tutorial and Research Workshop Disfluency in Spontaneous Speech}, Date = {2005}, Date-Modified = {2018-05-14 06:22:31 +0000}, Editor = {Véronis, Jean and Campione, Estelle}, Eventdate = {2005-09-10/2005-09-12}, Keywords = {descriptive, disfluencies, duration, filled pauses, French, pauses, phonetics, prosody, segmental lengthening, speaking styles, spontaneous speech, temporal factors}, Location = {Aix-en-Provence, France}, Pages = {43--46}, Title = {Pauses and hesitations in French spontaneous speech}, Url = {http://www.isca-speech.org/archive_open/diss_05/dis5_043.html}, Year = {2005}, Abstract = {In traditional terminology, silent and filled pauses are grouped together, whereas hesitation lengthening is put into a separate category. However, while these various phenomena are very often associated, there have been few studies on how they interact. We analyzed an hour of spontaneous speech to show that silent and filled pauses operate in a totally different way, and that contrary to common belief, silent pauses by themselves never serve as hesitation markers, but only do so when coupled with other markers - mostly syllabic lengthening and filled pauses. These last two hesitation markers have similar acoustic and articulatory characteristics; they are also distributed and function alike.}, Bdsk-File-1 = {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}, Bdsk-Url-1 = {http://www.isca-speech.org/archive_open/diss_05/dis5_043.html}}
@inproceedings{boula_de_mareuil_quantitative_2005, Author = {Boula de Mareüil, Philippe and Habert, Benoît and Bénard, Frédérique and Adda-Decker, Martine and Barras, Claude and Adda, Gilles and Paroubek, Patrick}, Booktitle = {DISS 2005. Proceedings of the ISCA Tutorial and Research Workshop Disfluency in Spontaneous Speech}, Date = {2005}, Date-Modified = {2018-05-14 06:19:24 +0000}, Editor = {Véronis, Jean and Campione, Estelle}, Eventdate = {2005-09-10/2005-09-12}, Keywords = {conversation, descriptive, disfluencies, filled pauses, French, mass media, pauses, phonetics, prosody, radio, repairs, repetitions, speaking styles, spontaneous speech, temporal factors}, Location = {Aix-en-Provence, France}, Pages = {27--32}, Title = {A quantitative study of disfluencies in French broadcast interviews}, Url = {http://www.isca-speech.org/archive_open/diss_05/dis5_027.html}, Year = {2005}, Abstract = {The reported study aims at increasing our understanding of spontaneous speech-related phenomena from sibling corpora of speech and orthographic transcriptions at various levels of elaboration. It makes use of 9 hours of French broadcast interview archives, involving 10 journalists and 10 personalities from political or civil society. First we considered press-oriented transcripts, where most of the so-called disfluencies are discarded. They were then aligned with automatic transcripts, by using the LIMSI speech recogniser. This facilitated the production of exact transcripts, where all audible phenomena in non-overlapping speech segments were transcribed manually. Four types of disfluencies were distinguished: discourse markers, filled pauses, repetitions and revisions, each of which accounts for about 2\% of the corpus (8\% in total). They were analysed by utterance, speaker and disfluency pattern types. Four question were raised. Where do disfluencies occur in the utterance? What is the influence of the speakers' status? And what are the most frequent disfuency patterns?}, Bdsk-File-1 = {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}, Bdsk-Url-1 = {http://www.isca-speech.org/archive_open/diss_05/dis5_027.html}}
@inproceedings{bouraoui_disfluency_2005, Author = {Bouraoui, Jean-Leon and Vigouroux, Nadine}, Booktitle = {DISS 2005. Proceedings of the ISCA Tutorial and Research Workshop Disfluency in Spontaneous Speech}, Date = {2005}, Date-Modified = {2018-05-14 06:21:14 +0000}, Editor = {Véronis, Jean and Campione, Estelle}, Eventdate = {2005-09-10/2005-09-12}, Keywords = {descriptive, disfluencies, duration, English, false starts, filled pauses, French, pauses, phonetics, prosody, repetitions, segmental lengthening, speaking styles, task oriented dialogue, temporal factors}, Location = {Aix-en-Provence, France}, Pages = {33--37}, Title = {Disfluency phenomena in an apprenticeship corpus}, Url = {http://www.isca-speech.org/archive_open/diss_05/dis5_033.html}, Year = {2005}, Abstract = {This papers presents a study carried out on an apprenticeship corpus. It features dialogues between air traffic controllers in formation and "pseudo-pilots". "Pseudo-pilots" are people (often instructors) that simulate the behavior of real pilots, in real situations. Its main specificities are the apprenticeship characteristic, and the fact that the production is subordinate to a particular phraseology. Our study is related to the many kinds of disfluency phenomena that occur in this specific corpus. We define 6 main categories of these phenomena, and take position in regard to the terminology used in literature. We then present the distribution of these categories. It appears that some of the occurrences frequencies largely differs from those observed in other studies. Our explanation is based on the corpus specificity: in reason of their responsibilities, both controllers and pseudo-pilots have to be especially careful to the mistakes they could do, since they could lead to some dramas. The remainder of our paper is dedicated to the more deepen study of a disfluency class: the "false starts". It consists of the beginning utterance of a word, that is not achieved. We show that this category consists of several sub-categories, of which we study the distribution.}, Bdsk-File-1 = {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}, Bdsk-Url-1 = {http://www.isca-speech.org/archive_open/diss_05/dis5_033.html}}
@article{tapia_produccion_2005, Author = {Tapia, Mónica}, Date = {2005}, Date-Modified = {2018-05-14 09:30:12 +0000}, Journal = {Anales de Psiquiatría}, Keywords = {age, América, Chile, descriptive, disfluencies, geographical variation, interspeaker variation, pauses, phonetics, prosody, psycholinguistics, Spanish, speech production, temporal factors}, Number = {5}, Pages = {215--222}, Title = {Producción de habla y fenómenos de vacilación en la conversación de adultos jóvenes y adultos mayores}, Url = {https://www.academia.edu/12816737/Producci?n_de_habla_y_fen?menos_de_vacilaci?n_en_la_conversaci?n_de_adultos_j?venes_y_adultos_mayores}, Volume = {21}, Year = {2005}, Abstract = {En psicolingüística se ha planteado la necesidad de desvelar los aspectos cognitivos que se reflejan en la producción del habla. Los estudios sobre producción lingüística consideran el análisis de fenómenos verbales (sílabas, palabras, enunciados, entre otros) y no verbales (repeticiones de palabras, reformulaciones y pausas silentes y llenas). El presente trabajo tiene por objetivo comparar las unidades verbales y no verbales en la producción de habla de 25 adultos mayores y de 25 adultos jóvenes. Para ello, se obtuvieron muestras de habla de entrevistas grabadas a modo de conversación sobre la descripción de un barrio de la ciudad de Concepción (Chile) y de la lámina ¿El robo de las galletas¿ del test de Boston. El análisis de los resultados indica que los adultos mayores producen más unidades lingüísticas, más palabras inconclusas y menos reformulaciones que los adultos jóvenes. Si bien los adultos mayores producen más palabras, aportan menos información nueva, pues presentan más circunloquios. Además las reformulaciones, o cambio de tópico que no interrumpen los enunciados, parecen demandar más carga cognitiva que otros recursos de vacilación, dado que son actividades que requieren de un mayor control sobre la producción del habla. Al parecer, con la edad se pierde la capacidad de realizar precisiones o cambios de tópico no previstos durante la locución.}, Bdsk-File-1 = {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}, Bdsk-Url-1 = {https://www.academia.edu/12816737/Producci?n_de_habla_y_fen?menos_de_vacilaci?n_en_la_conversaci?n_de_adultos_j?venes_y_adultos_mayores}}
@unpublished{de_la_mota_alignment_2005, Abstracturl = {http://webs2002.uab.es/filologiacatalana/papi/files/delaMota.pdf}, Author = {de la Mota, Carme}, Date = {2005}, Date-Modified = {2018-05-14 08:42:37 +0000}, Eventdate = {2005-06-20/2006-06-21}, Keywords = {acoustic phonetics, descriptive, intonation, lexical stress, phonetics, prosody, Spanish, speech rate, temporal factors}, Location = {Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain}, Note = {Paper presented at PaPI 2005. Phonetics and Phonology in Iberia}, Sortkey = {Mota, Carme de la}, Title = {Alignment, word boundaries and speech rate in Castilian Spanish}, Year = {2005}, Bdsk-File-1 = {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}, Bdsk-Url-1 = {http://webs2002.uab.es/filologiacatalana/papi/files/delaMota.pdf}}
@article{banziger_role_2005, series = {Quantitative {Prosody} {Modelling} for {Natural} {Speech} {Description} and {GenerationInternational} {Conference} on {Speech} {Prosody}}, title = {The role of intonation in emotional expressions}, volume = {46}, issn = {0167-6393}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167639305000890}, doi = {10.1016/j.specom.2005.02.016}, abstract = {The influence of emotions on intonation patterns (more specifically F0/pitch contours) is addressed in this article. A number of authors have claimed that specific intonation patterns reflect specific emotions, whereas others have found little evidence supporting this claim and argued that F0/pitch and other vocal aspects are continuously, rather than categorically, affected by emotions and/or emotional arousal. In this contribution, a new coding system for the assessment of F0 contours in emotion portrayals is presented. Results obtained for actor portrayed emotional expressions show that mean level and range of F0 in the contours vary strongly as a function of the degree of activation of the portrayed emotions. In contrast, there was comparatively little evidence for qualitatively different contour shapes for different emotions.}, number = {3–4}, urldate = {2017-02-14TZ}, journal = {Speech Communication}, author = {Bänziger, Tanja and Scherer, Klaus R.}, month = jul, year = {2005}, keywords = {Emotion, Expression, Expressive-speech, Intonation, Pitch-contour, \_tablet}, pages = {252--267} }
@unpublished{Tschape:2005aa, Author = {Tschäpe, Nadja and Trouvain, Jürgen and Bauer, Dominik and Jessen, Michael}, Date = {2005-08}, Date-Added = {2018-05-12 11:53:26 +0000}, Date-Modified = {2018-05-18 14:24:21 +0000}, Keywords = {disfluencies, filled pauses, forensic, forensic phonetics, pauses, phonetics, prosody, temporal factors, German}, Location = {Marrakesh, Morocco}, Note = {Paper presented at the 14th Annual Conference of the International Association for Forensic Phonetics and Acoustics}, Title = {Idiosyncratic patterns of filled pauses}, Url = {https://www.slideserve.com/reia/idiosyncratic-patterns-of-filled-pauses-1179796}, Year = {2005}, Bdsk-File-1 = {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}, Bdsk-Url-1 = {https://www.slideserve.com/reia/idiosyncratic-patterns-of-filled-pauses-1179796}}
@article{bryant_is_2005, title = {Is there an ironic tone of voice?}, volume = {48}, issn = {0023-8309}, abstract = {Research on nonverbal vocal cues and verbal irony has often relied on the concept of an ironic tone of voice. Here we provide acoustic analysis and experimental evidence that this notion is oversimplified and misguided. Acoustic analyses of spontaneous ironic speech extracted from talk radio shows, both ambiguous and unambiguous in written form, revealed only a difference in amplitude variability compared to matched nonironic speech from the same sources, and that was only among the most clear-cut items. In a series of experiments, participants rated content-filtered versions of the same ironic and nonironic utterances on a range of affective and linguistic dimensions. Listeners did not rely on any set of vocal cues to identify verbal irony that was separate from other emotional and linguistic judgments. We conclude that there is no particular ironic tone of voice and that listeners interpret verbal irony by combining a variety of cues, including information outside of the linguistic context.}, language = {eng}, number = {3}, journal = {Language and speech}, author = {Bryant, Gregory A and Fox Tree, Jean E}, year = {2005}, keywords = {irony}, pages = {257--277} }
@incollection{fant_individual_2004, Address = {Dordrecht}, Author = {Fant, Gunnar and Kruckenberg, Anita and Barbosa Ferreira, Joana}, Booktitle = {Speech acoustics and phonetics}, Date = {2004}, Date-Modified = {2018-05-14 06:47:48 +0000}, Keywords = {descriptive, disfluencies, intraspeaker variation, pauses, phonetics, prosody, read speech, speaking styles, Swedish, temporal factors}, Origdate = {2003}, Pages = {244--248}, Publisher = {Kluwer}, Title = {Individual variation in pausing, a study of read speech}, Year = {2004}}
@article{blondet_breve_2004, Author = {Blondet, María Alejandra and Méndez Seijas, Jorge and Mora, Elsa}, Date = {2004}, Date-Modified = {2018-05-14 06:10:46 +0000}, Journal = {Lengua y Habla}, Keywords = {América, descriptive, duration, geographical variation, linguistics, phonetics, prosody, Spanish, speech rate, syllable, syntax, temporal factors, Venezuela}, Pages = {9--16}, Title = {Breve descripción de la duración silábica como señal de frontera sintáctica en tres velocidades de elocución}, Url = {http://erevistas.saber.ula.ve/index.php/lenguayhabla/article/view/3563}, Volume = {8}, Year = {2004}, Abstract = {El objetivo de esta investigación es determinar si las sílabas que son frontera de constituyente sintáctico señalan esta condición a través de la duración; y, si esta estrategia temporal es similar al variar la velocidad de elocución. En este trabajo consideramos que una sílaba se encuentra en frontera sintáctica cuando esté al inicio o al final de un constituyente, sea mayor o menor. Nuestros datos indican que en español las sílabas ubicadas en las fronteras sintácticas señalan este límite a través de una duración mayor que las sílabas que no se encuentran en frontera. Por tanto, consideramos que una de las estrategias prosódicas para marcar la frontera entre los constituyentes sintácticos es la duración silábica. Ahora bien, trataremos de evidenciar a lo largo de este trabajo si la estrategia temporal varía o no en las diferentes velocidades. Se entiende por velocidad de elocución el tiempo empleado por un hablante para pronunciar una cantidad determinada de sílabas fonéticas, sin incluir las pausas; mientras mayor cantidad de sílabas producidas, mayor su velocidad de elocución.}, Bdsk-File-1 = {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}, Bdsk-Url-1 = {http://erevistas.saber.ula.ve/index.php/lenguayhabla/article/view/3563}}
@article{tapia_produccion_2003, Author = {Tapia, Mónica and Quiroga, Pilar and Valdivieso, Humberto}, Date = {2003}, Date-Modified = {2018-05-30 18:50:16 +0000}, Journal = {Anales de Psiquiatría}, Keywords = {Alzheimer, América, Chile, clinical, clinical phonetics, disfluencies, geographical variation, pauses, phonetics, prosody, Spanish, speech production, temporal factors, phonetics}, Number = {8}, Pages = {323--328}, Title = {Producción de unidades lingüísticas y no lingüísticas en el habla de pacientes con enfermedad de Alzheimer}, Url = {https://www.academia.edu/12817044/Producci?n_de_unidades_ling??sticas_y_no_ling??sticas_en_el_habla_de_pacientes_con_enfermedad_de_Alzheimer}, Volume = {19}, Year = {2003}, Abstract = {Estudios en sujetos con enfermedad de Alzheimer (EA) revelan diferencias en su producción del habla comparada con la de personas mayores normales. El hallazgo más frecuente ha sido un menor número de unidades lingüísticas y una mayor duración de las pausas en el habla. En este artículo, se presentan los resultados de las unidades lingüísticas y no lingüísticas durante entrevistas grabadas a 16 pacientes con EA y 21 senescentes normales. Los diagnósticos fueron efectuados por psiquiatras, (Proyecto "Demencias asociadas a edad" Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Concepción, Chile) mediante procedimiento multifásico: tamizaje validado para deterioro cognitivo, criterios clínicos estandarizados para demencia y escalas de estadio, igualmente validadas. Los pacientes, mostraron una producción de secuencias de habla más pequeñas y más turnos en la conversación. Esto concuerda con hallazgos anteriores que identifican la variable duración de las pausas como la más discriminante entre los grupos, lo que sugiere que la búsqueda de palabras y la planificación del discurso estarían alteradas en ellos, debido a los procesos degenerativos propios de la EA.}, Bdsk-File-1 = {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}, Bdsk-Url-1 = {https://www.academia.edu/12817044/Producci?n_de_unidades_ling??sticas_y_no_ling??sticas_en_el_habla_de_pacientes_con_enfermedad_de_Alzheimer}}
@article{tapia_alisis_2003, Author = {Tapia, Mónica}, Date = {2003}, Date-Modified = {2018-05-30 18:50:16 +0000}, Journal = {Revista de Lingüística Teórica y Aplicada}, Keywords = {age, Alzheimer, América, Chile, clinical, clinical phonetics, disfluencies, geographical variation, interspeaker variation, pauses, phonetics, prosody, Spanish, temporal factors, phonetics}, Pages = {103--118}, Title = {Análisis de los enunciados producidos despues de una pausa en la conversación de enfermos de Alzheimer y de senescentes normales}, Volume = {41}, Year = {2003}, Abstract = {Studies about speech characteristics of Alzheimer patients reveal their difficulties to search for words and their problems to produce utterances according to the communicative situation. This article examines the utterances produced by mild and moderate Alzheimer patients and normal elderly subjects after pausing during a conversation. The sample was constituted by 21 normal elderly subjects and 16 Alzheimer patients. Both groups were assessed within The Age Associated Dementia Project at the School of Medicine in the University of Concepción through a multiphasic procedure in which the MMSEm and PFAQm criteria for cognitive impairment and the DSM-III and CIE-10 criteria for dementia were used. The speech samples were gathered through recorded conversations with the subjects. The speech material was transcribed into simple notation. The utterance content after a pause that expressed a difficulty in discourse planning was besides analysed. The findings reveal that Alzheimer patients show difficulties to complete coherently utterances interrupted by a pause.}}
@article{marin_placing_2002, Author = {Marín, Rafael and Aguilar, Lourdes and Casacuberta, David}, Date = {2002}, Date-Modified = {2018-06-02 19:46:29 +0000}, Journal = {Language Design. Journal of Theoretical and Experimental Linguistics}, Keywords = {disfluencies, pause location, pauses, phonetics, prosody, silent pauses, Spanish, speech synthesis, speech technology, temporal factors, text-to-speech, lexical stress, stress group}, Pages = {49--66}, Title = {Placing pauses in read spoken Spanish: a model and an algorithm}, Url = {http://elies.rediris.es/Language_Design/LD4/marin-aguilar-casacuberta.pdf}, Volume = {4}, Year = {2002}, Abstract = {The purpose of this work is to describe the appearance and location of typographically unmarked pauses in any Spanish text to be read. An experiment is designed to derive pause location from natural speech: results show that Intonation Group length constraints guide the appearance of pauses, which are placed depending on syntactic information. Then, a rule-based algorithm is developed to automatically place pauses whose performance is tested by means of qualitative tests. The evaluation shows that the system adequately places pauses in read texts, since it predicts 81\% of orthographically unmarked pauses; when pauses associated to punctuation signs are included, the percentage of correct prediction increases to 92\%}, Bdsk-File-1 = {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}, Bdsk-Url-1 = {http://elies.rediris.es/Language_Design/LD4/marin-aguilar-casacuberta.pdf}}
@inproceedings{gosy_double_2001, Author = {Gósy, Mária}, Booktitle = {DiSS 2001. Proceedings of the ISCA Tutorial and Research Workshop Disfluency in Spontaneous Speech}, Date = {2001}, Date-Modified = {2018-05-14 07:58:42 +0000}, Eventdate = {2001-08-29/2001-08-31}, Keywords = {disfluencies, Hungarian, pauses, phonetics, prosody, psycholinguistics, speaking styles, speech perception, spontaneous speech, temporal factors}, Location = {Edinburgh, Scotland, UK}, Pages = {57--60}, Title = {The double function of disfluency phenomena in spontaneous speech}, Url = {http://www.isca-speech.org/archive_open/diss_01/dis1_057.html}, Year = {2001}, Abstract = {Disfluency in spontaneous speech is the outcome of a speaker's indecision about what to say next. The listener, however, is continuously adapted to both the language signals and the types of disfluency of the heard text. What is in the background of this adaptation process? This paper analyses the types and characteristics of the disfluency phenomena of a 78-minute spontaneous speech sample (produced by 10 adults). The author's intention is to explain the characteristics of disharmony between speech planning and articulation within the speech production process. In order to explain the hypothesized double function of disfluency in terms of perceptual necessity from the listener's side various experiments have been carried out. Three different samples of spontaneous speech have been selected for experimental purposes. Three groups of listeners (altogether 60 university students) participated in the experiments. One of the groups had to detect the instances of disfluency in the texts marking them on a paper sheet. The subjects of the other group listened to the same texts and then wrote down their contents. The pauses and hesitations were then eliminated from the texts. The third group of the subjects had the same comprehension task as the previous one had. Results show that (i) instances of disfluency are consequences of the speaker's speech planning processes, (ii) their reasons and occurrences are unconsciously known by the listener as well, (iii) disfluency phenomena are relatively well predicted, (iv) the listeners need pauses and hesitations in order to comprehend the heard texts successfully.}, Bdsk-File-1 = {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}, Bdsk-Url-1 = {http://www.isca-speech.org/archive_open/diss_01/dis1_057.html}}
@inproceedings{wainschenker_estudio_2001, Address = {Santiago de Cuba}, Author = {Wainschenker, Rubén and Doorn, Jorge and Castro, Marcela}, Booktitle = {Actas del VII Simposio Internacional de Comunicación Social}, Date = {2001}, Date-Modified = {2018-05-14 09:39:05 +0000}, Keywords = {descriptive, phonetics, prosody, Spanish, speech rate, temporal factors}, Publisher = {Centro de Lingüística Aplicada - Editorial Academia}, Title = {Estudio de la velocidad de habla}, Url = {http://www.cla.cu/simposio/descargar.php?d=988}, Volume = {2}, Year = {2001}, Abstract = {La magnitud velocidad del habla no tiene una definición precisa, pese a que es abundantemente utilizada tanto en la actividades diarias como en ocupaciones tales como la locución, la dactilografía y la taquigrafía entre otras. En el contexto del estudio del comportamiento y caracterización de los alófonos típicos de un idioma, como componentes fundamentales en la síntesis robusta del habla, dicho concepto es trascendental, no hallándose bibliografía precisa. En este artículo se presenta una caracterización cuantitativa de las nociones intuitivas de la velocidad normal, lenta y rápida del habla. Este trabajo tiene una raíz fuertemente experimental ya que sus conclusiones son obtenidas de mediciones realizadas sobre 120 textos emitidos por diferentes locutores a distinta velocidad en un contexto completamente libre de condicionamientos y preconceptos.}, Bdsk-File-1 = {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}, Bdsk-Url-1 = {http://www.cla.cu/simposio/descargar.php?d=988}}
@inproceedings{hutchinson_um_2001, Author = {Hutchinson, Ben and Pereira, Cécile}, Booktitle = {DiSS 2001. Proceedings of the ISCA Tutorial and Research Workshop Disfluency in Spontaneous Speech}, Date = {2001}, Date-Modified = {2018-05-14 08:03:37 +0000}, Eventdate = {2001-08-29/2001-08-31}, Keywords = {conversation, disfluencies, filled pauses, pauses, phonetics, prosody, repairs, speaking styles, speech recognition, speech technology, spontaneous speech, temporal factors}, Location = {Edinburgh, Scotland, UK}, Pages = {77--80}, Title = {Um, one large pizza. A preliminary study of disfluency modelling for improving ASR}, Url = {http://www.isca-speech.org/archive_open/diss_01/dis1_077.html}, Year = {2001}, Abstract = {A corpus of spontaneous telephone transactions between call centre operators of a pizza company and its customers is examined for disfluencies (fillers and speech repairs) with the aim of improving automatic speech recognition. From this, a subset of the customer orders is selected as a test set. An architecture is presented which allows filled pauses and repairs to be detected and corrected. A language repair module removes fillers and reparanda and transforms utterances containing them into fluent utterances. An experiment on filled pauses using this module and architecture is then described. A speech recognition grammar for recognising fluent speech is used to provide a baseline. This grammar is then enriched with filled pauses, based on their placement in relation to syntactic boundaries. Evaluation is done at the level of understanding, using a metric on feature structures. Initial results indicate that incorporating filled pauses at syntactic boundaries improves the recognition results for spontaneous continuous speech containing disfluencies.}, Bdsk-File-1 = {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}, Bdsk-Url-1 = {http://www.isca-speech.org/archive_open/diss_01/dis1_077.html}}
@article{cenoz_pauses_2000, Author = {Cenoz, Jasone}, Date = {2000}, Date-Modified = {2018-05-14 06:24:21 +0000}, Journal = {ITL: Review of Applied Linguistics}, Keywords = {disfluencies, filled pauses, L2, pauses, phonetics, prosody, temporal factors}, Pages = {53-69}, Title = {Pauses and hesitation phenomena in second language production}, Volume = {127--128}, Year = {2000}, Abstract = {This article focuses on the study of pauses in second language production by analysing the frequency of silent and filled pauses and their functions. It also examines the combination of pauses and other hesitation phenomena in second language production and it explores the relationship between pauses and language proficiency. The results confirm that pauses and hesitations are frequent phenomena in second language production and the individual variation in their occurrence. It was also found that pauses are often associated with other hesitation phenomena and that filled and silent pauses can have the same functions.}}
@phdthesis{schwab_perception_1999, Address = {Neuchâtel}, Author = {Schwab, Sandra}, Date = {1999}, Date-Modified = {2018-05-14 09:23:18 +0000}, Keywords = {L2, phonetics, prosody, speech perception, speech rate, temporal factors}, School = {Université de Neuchâtel}, Title = {La perception du débit en langue seconde}, Type = {Thèse de maîtrise}, Year = {1999}}
@inproceedings{fernandez_planas_aproximacion_1999, Address = {Salamanca}, Author = {Fernández Planas, Ana María}, Booktitle = {Lingüística para el sigo XXI. III Congreso de Lingüística General}, Date = {1999}, Date-Modified = {2018-05-14 07:53:07 +0000}, Editor = {Fernández González, J and Fernández Juncal, C and Marcos Sánchez, M and de los Mozos, Emilio and Santos Río, Luis}, Keywords = {consonant clusters, consonants, descriptive, phonetics, prosody, segmental, Spanish, speech rate, temporal factors}, Pages = {641-652}, Publisher = {Ediciones de la Universidad de Salamanca}, Title = {Aproximación al estudio de la influencia de la velocidad de habla en grupos consonánticos intervocálicos -ST-}, Year = {1999}}
@inproceedings{shriberg_phonetic_1999, Author = {Shriberg, Elizabeth Ellen}, Booktitle = {ICPhS 1999. Proceedings of the 14th International Congress of Phonetic Sciences}, Date = {1999}, Date-Modified = {2018-05-14 09:28:37 +0000}, Editor = {Ohala, John J and Hasegawa, Yoko and Ohala, Majari and Granville, Daniel and Bailey, Ashlee C}, Eventdate = {1999-08-01/1999-08-07}, Keywords = {acoustic phonetics, descriptive, disfluencies, English, general, phonetics, prosody, speaking styles, spontaneous speech, temporal factors}, Location = {San Francisco, CA, USA}, Pages = {619--622}, Title = {Phonetic consequences of speech disfluency}, Url = {https://www.internationalphoneticassociation.org/icphs-proceedings/ICPhS1999/p14_0619.html}, Year = {1999}, Abstract = {Unlike read or laboratory speech, spontaneous speech contains high rates of disfluencies (e.g., repetitions, repairs, filled pauses). Such events reflect production problems frequently encountered in everyday conversation. Analyses of American English show that disfluency affects a variety of phonetic aspects of speech, including segment durations, intonation, voice quality, vowel quality, and coarticulation patterns. These effects provide clues about production processes, and can guide methods for disfluency processing in speech recognition applications}, Bdsk-File-1 = {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}, Bdsk-Url-1 = {https://www.internationalphoneticassociation.org/icphs-proceedings/ICPhS1999/p14_0619.html}}
@inproceedings{martinez_towards_1998, Author = {Martínez, Fernando and Tapias, Daniel and Álvarez Cercadillo, Jorge}, Booktitle = {Proceedings of the 1998 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing}, Date = {1998}, Date-Modified = {2018-05-14 08:27:27 +0000}, Doi = {10.1109/ICASSP.1998.675367}, Eventdate = {1998-05-12/1998-05-15}, Keywords = {phonetics, prosody, Spanish, speech rate, speech recognition, speech technology, temporal factors}, Location = {Seattle, WA, USA}, Pages = {725--728}, Title = {Towards speech rate independence in large vocabulary continuous speech recognition}, Volume = {2}, Year = {1998}, Abstract = {We present a new speech rate classifier (SRC) which is directly based on the dynamic coefficients of the feature vectors and it is suitable to be used in real time. We also report the study that has been carried out to determine what parameters of speech are the best regarding the speech rate classification problem. In this study we analyse the correlation between several speech parameters and the average speech rate of the utterance. Finally, we report a compensation technique, which is used together with the SRC. This technique provides with a word error rate (WER) reduction of a 64.1\% for slow speech rate and a 32\% reduction of the average WER}, Bdsk-File-1 = {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}, Bdsk-Url-1 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ICASSP.1998.675367}}
@article{duez_signification_1997, Author = {Duez, Danielle}, Date = {1997}, Date-Modified = {2018-05-14 06:39:44 +0000}, Journal = {Revue PArole}, Keywords = {descriptive, disfluencies, French, pauses, phonetics, prosody, speech perception, speech production, temporal factors}, Number = {4}, Pages = {273--298}, Title = {La signification des pauses dans la production et perception de la parole}, Volume = {3}, Year = {1997}, Abstract = {La parole est une succession de séquences sonores et de silences. Les silences, couramment appelés pauses, correspondent à une cessation apparente de l'activité verbale qui se traduit au niveau acoustique par une interruption du signal sonore. Cependant, ce n'est pas parce qu'il ne se passe rien en surface, qu'il ne se passe rien en réalité. La pause recouvre, bien au contraire, une intense activité respiratoire et cognitive. Le locuteur marque des pauses pour respirer, pour chercher ses mots, pour planifier le contenu de son message, pour structurer son énoncé, pour mettre en évidence ses idées, pour partager son temps avec l'allocutaire. L'importance des pauses dans la parole a cependant longtemps été sous-estimée par les sciences cognitives et ce n'est que depuis une trentaine d'années que l'on s'intéresse de manière rigoureuse aux pauses. Cet article s'est donc donné pour objectif de faire un bilan des travaux portant sur le rôle des pauses dans la production et la perception des pauses. Il souligne aussi la complexité de ce phénomène qui interagit à différents niveaux avec les variables linguistiques de l'énoncé.}}
@inproceedings{barbosa_model_1997, Author = {Barbosa, Plínio Almeida}, Booktitle = {Eurospeech 1997. Proceedings of the 5th European Conference on Speech Communication and Technology}, Date = {1997}, Date-Modified = {2018-05-13 21:57:46 +0000}, Eventdate = {1997-09-22/2007-09-25}, Keywords = {disfluencies, duration, pause location, pauses, phonetics, Portuguese, prosody, rhythm, speech synthesis, speech technology, temporal factors, text-to-speech}, Location = {Rhodes, Greece}, Pages = {2655--2658}, Title = {A model of segment (and pause) duration generation for Brazilian Portuguese text-to-speech synthesis}, Url = {http://www.isca-speech.org/archive/eurospeech_1997/e97_2655.html}, Year = {1997}, Abstract = {This work presents and evaluates a model of segmental duration generation for Brazilian Portuguese where the notion of macrorhythmic unit is the starting point to drastically simplify duration assignment and to allow pause insertion as an integrated procedure of generation. This model is preferred to random assignment with the same error distribution. Some aspects of rhythm phonetics and phonology are also discussed that constitute a first step to the understanding of the prosodic component of the language under study.}, Bdsk-File-1 = {YnBsaXN0MDDUAQIDBAUGJCVYJHZlcnNpb25YJG9iamVjdHNZJGFyY2hpdmVyVCR0b3ASAAGGoKgHCBMUFRYaIVUkbnVsbNMJCgsMDxJXTlMua2V5c1pOUy5vYmplY3RzViRjbGFzc6INDoACgAOiEBGABIAFgAdccmVsYXRpdmVQYXRoWWFsaWFzRGF0YV8QUC4uLy4uLy4uL0JpYmxpb2dyYWZpYS9QYXBlcnMvQmFyYm9zYS9BIG1vZGVsIG9mIHNlZ21lbnQgKGFuZCBwYXVzZSkgZHVyYXRpb24ucGRm0hcLGBlXTlMuZGF0YU8RAioAAAAAAioAAgAADE1hY2ludG9zaCBIRAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAMv2H85IKwAAEIZm/h9BIG1vZGVsIG9mIHNlZ21lbnQjMTA4NjY2RkYucGRmAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAQhmb/1AnS9wAAAAAAAAAAAAMABAAACSAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAHQmFyYm9zYQAAEAAIAADL9gOuAAAAEQAIAADUCbbXAAAAAQAUEIZm/hCGZY4ABfxHAAX7mAAAwEYAAgBlTWFjaW50b3NoIEhEOlVzZXJzOgBqb2FxdWltX2xsaXN0ZXJyaToAQmlibGlvZ3JhZmlhOgBQYXBlcnM6AEJhcmJvc2E6AEEgbW9kZWwgb2Ygc2VnbWVudCMxMDg2NjZGRi5wZGYAAA4AWAArAEEAIABtAG8AZABlAGwAIABvAGYAIABzAGUAZwBtAGUAbgB0ACAAKABhAG4AZAAgAHAAYQB1AHMAZQApACAAZAB1AHIAYQB0AGkAbwBuAC4AcABkAGYADwAaAAwATQBhAGMAaQBuAHQAbwBzAGgAIABIAEQAEgBfVXNlcnMvam9hcXVpbV9sbGlzdGVycmkvQmlibGlvZ3JhZmlhL1BhcGVycy9CYXJib3NhL0EgbW9kZWwgb2Ygc2VnbWVudCAoYW5kIHBhdXNlKSBkdXJhdGlvbi5wZGYAABMAAS8AABUAAgAY//8AAIAG0hscHR5aJGNsYXNzbmFtZVgkY2xhc3Nlc11OU011dGFibGVEYXRhox0fIFZOU0RhdGFYTlNPYmplY3TSGxwiI1xOU0RpY3Rpb25hcnmiIiBfEA9OU0tleWVkQXJjaGl2ZXLRJidUcm9vdIABAAgAEQAaACMALQAyADcAQABGAE0AVQBgAGcAagBsAG4AcQBzAHUAdwCEAI4A4QDmAO4DHAMeAyMDLgM3A0UDSQNQA1kDXgNrA24DgAODA4gAAAAAAAACAQAAAAAAAAAoAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAADig==}, Bdsk-Url-1 = {http://www.isca-speech.org/archive/eurospeech_1997/e97_2655.html}}
@techreport{llisterri_prosody_1996, Author = {Llisterri, Joaquim}, Date = {1996}, Date-Modified = {2017-12-01 10:24:22 +0000}, Institution = {LRE-62050 MULTEXT, Multilingual Text Tools and Corpora}, Keywords = {intonation, INTSINT, phonetics, prosody, suprasegmental transcription, transcription}, Title = {Prosody tools efficiency and failures. WP 4 Corpus. T4.6 Speech markup and validation}, Type = {Deliverable 4.5.2. Final Report}, Url = {http://liceu.uab.cat/~joaquim/publicacions/Prosody_tools_96.pdf}, Year = {1996}, Bdsk-File-1 = {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}, Bdsk-Url-1 = {http://liceu.uab.cat/~joaquim/publicacions/Prosody_tools_96.pdf}}
@article{whiteside_temporal-based_1996, Author = {Whiteside, Sandra P}, Date = {1996}, Date-Modified = {2018-05-14 09:39:52 +0000}, Doi = {10.1017/S0025100300005302}, Journal = {Journal of the International Phonetic Association}, Keywords = {descriptive, duration, English, gender, interspeaker variation, phonetics, prosody, read speech, speaking styles, temporal factors}, Number = {1}, Pages = {23--40}, Title = {Temporal-based acoustic-phonetic patterns in read speech: some evidence for speaker sex differences}, Volume = {26}, Year = {1996}, Abstract = {The perception of speaker sex depends on the listener's integration of a complex range of factors. These may relate, for example, to the style of delivery, the use of particular language, pronunciation (Trudgill, 1983; Smith, 1979), the use of particular intonation patterns (McConnell-Ginet, 1983) and the perceived pitch of the speaker (Aronovitch, 1976, Elyan, 1978; Lass et al., 1976). Some acoustic-phonetic investigations have explored through instrumental analysis how speaker sex differences are perceived. These have shown that acoustic phonetic differences exist between the read speech of men and women speakers. It has been demonstrated that fundamental frequency differences exist between men and women, with men having on average, lower fundamental frequencies (Aronovitch, 1976; Coleman, 1973a). This can be explained in part by their larger larynges. However it is also acknowledged that it is not a low overall average fundamental frequency alone that contributes to the perception of an adult male voice. Some evidence shows for example that use of a wider pitch range will contribute to the perception of femininity, even where the overall pitch is low (Terrango, 1966). In addition women have been found to have on average higher formant frequencies (Coleman, 1976; Henton, 1986; Peterson \& Barney, 1952; Childers \& Wu, 1991; Wu \& Childers, 1991) as a result of the smaller vocal tract. Women have different glottal source characteristics (Karlsson, 1989) which are reflected in the filter characteristics of the speech signal (Klatt \& Klatt, 1990). There is also some evidence to suggest that other speaker sex differences exist in the temporal domain. Byrd (1992) found differences between men and women speakers in speaking rate in read speech in American English in the TIMIT database. Byrd states that under the recording conditions used for the TIMIT database, women spoke appreciably more slowly than the men and that men tended to reduce vowels to schwa ([xs0259]) more often than the women. Byrd also found that female speakers in the TIMIT database released stops in sentence-final position more frequently and produced more glottal stops than male speakers. All these findings were statistically significant.}, Bdsk-File-1 = {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}, Bdsk-Url-1 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0025100300005302}}
@inproceedings{artigas_contribucio_1995, Address = {Bellaterra}, Author = {Artigas, Rosa and Fernández, Josep Maria and Garrido, Juan María and Llisterri, Joaquim}, Booktitle = {Jornades sobre Llengua i Ensenyament}, Date = {1995}, Date-Modified = {2017-11-19 18:43:50 +0000}, Keywords = {Catalan, intonation, phonetics, prosody}, Pages = {14-40}, Publisher = {Servei de Publicacions de la Univesitat Autònoma de Barcelona}, Title = {Contribució a l'estudi de les modalitats oracionals del català I i II}, Url = {http://liceu.uab.cat/~joaquim/publicacions/Artigas_Fernandez_Garrido_Llisterri_95_Modalitat_oracional_catala.pdf}, Volume = {2}, Year = {1995}, Bdsk-File-1 = {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}, Bdsk-File-2 = {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}}
@incollection{garrido_estudio_1995, Address = {Bilbao}, Author = {Garrido, Juan María and Llisterri, Joaquim and de la Mota, Carme and Ríos, Antonio}, Booktitle = {Phonetica. Trabajos de fonética experimental}, Date = {1995}, Date-Modified = {2018-06-02 19:46:29 +0000}, Editor = {Elejabeitia, Ana and Iribar, Alexander}, Isbn = {84-7485-395-8}, Keywords = {acoustic phonetics, intonation, lexical stress, phonetics, prosody, Spanish, speaking styles}, Pages = {173-194}, Publisher = {Universidad de Deusto}, Title = {Estudio comparado de las características prosódicas de la oración simple en español en dos modalidades de lectura}, Url = {http://liceu.uab.cat/~joaquim/publicacions/Deusto95.pdf}, Year = {1995}, Bdsk-File-1 = {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}, Bdsk-Url-1 = {http://liceu.uab.cat/~joaquim/publicacions/Deusto95.pdf}}
@techreport{llisterri_prosody_1994, Author = {Llisterri, Joaquim}, Date = {1994}, Date-Modified = {2018-07-21 08:52:03 +0000}, Institution = {LRE-62050 MULTEXT, Multilingual Text Tools and Corpora}, Keywords = {language resources, phonetics, prosody, speech corpora, suprasegmental transcription, transcription}, Title = {Prosody encoding survey. WP 1 Specifications and Standards. T1.5. Markup Specifications}, Type = {Deliverable 1.5.3. Final version}, Url = {http://liceu.uab.cat/~joaquim/publicacions/Prosody_encoding_94.pdf}, Year = {1994}, Bdsk-File-1 = {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}, Bdsk-Url-1 = {http://liceu.uab.cat/~joaquim/publicacions/Prosody_encoding_94.pdf}}
@article{bruyninckx_language-induced_1994, Author = {Bruyninckx, Marielle and Harmegnies, Bernard and Llisterri, Joaquim and Poch, Dolors}, Date = {1994}, Date-Modified = {2017-11-19 18:43:50 +0000}, Issn = {0095-4470}, Journal = {Journal of Phonetics}, Keywords = {acoustic phonetics, bilingualism, Catalan, LTAS, phonation, phonetics, prosody, Spanish, speech production, voice quality}, Number = {1}, Pages = {19-31}, Title = {Language-induced voice quality variability in bilinguals}, Url = {http://liceu.uab.cat/~joaquim/publicacions/Bruyninckx_Harmegnies_Llisterri_Poch_94_VoiceQuality_Bilinguals.pdf}, Volume = {22}, Year = {1994}, Bdsk-File-1 = {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}, Bdsk-Url-1 = {http://liceu.uab.cat/~joaquim/publicacions/Bruyninckx_Harmegnies_Llisterri_Poch_94_VoiceQuality_Bilinguals.pdf}}
@inproceedings{garrido_prosodic_1993, Address = {Berlin, Germany. 21-23 September, 1993}, Author = {Garrido, Juan María and Llisterri, Joaquim and de la Mota, Carme and Ríos, Antonio}, Booktitle = {Eurospeech 1993. Proceedings of the 3rd European Conference on Speech Communication and Technology}, Date = {1993}, Date-Modified = {2018-06-02 19:46:29 +0000}, Keywords = {intonation, lexical stress, phonetics, prosody, Spanish, speaking styles, acoustic phonetics}, Pages = {573-576}, Title = {Prosodic differences in reading style: Isolated vs. contextualized sentences}, Url = {http://liceu.uab.cat/~joaquim/publicacions/Garrido_Llisterri_Mota_Rios_93_Prosody_Reading_Style.pdf}, Volume = {1}, Year = {1993}, Abstract = {Global properties of the F0 contour and local phenomena related to lexical stress have been analyzed in a set of read isolated sentences. The results have been compared with those obtained for the same set of sentences embedded in paragraphs. The results show that the main differences are concentrated on global F0 contours.}, Bdsk-File-1 = {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}, Bdsk-Url-1 = {http://liceu.uab.cat/~joaquim/publicacions/Garrido_Llisterri_Mota_Rios_93_Prosody_Reading_Style.pdf}}
@article{riggenbach_toward_1991, Author = {Riggenbach, Heidi}, Date = {1991}, Date-Modified = {2018-05-14 08:46:52 +0000}, Doi = {10.1080/01638539109544795}, Journal = {Discourse Processes}, Keywords = {disfluencies, EFL, filled pauses, fluency, L2, pauses, phonetics, prosody, repairs, speech rate, temporal factors}, Number = {4}, Pages = {423--441}, Title = {Toward an understanding of fluency: A microanalysis of nonnative speaker conversations}, Volume = {14}, Year = {1991}, Abstract = {There have been few attempts to specify precisely what fluency is, although it is a term that is used and understood by both laypeople and linguists. With one objective being to achieve a greater understanding of what comprises fluency, this study explores the speech of six nonnative speakers of English who had been rated by English instructors as either ``fluent'' or ``nonfluent.'' Excerpts of audiotaped dialogues were analyzed, both at the utterance level and at the discourse level, in terms of the frequency and possible function of features that have often been ascribed to fluency (hesitation phenomena, repair, and rate of speech). More functionally oriented pragmatic features that relate to topic control and initiation were also examined. Comparison of subgroups on the basis of perceived fluency or lack of fluency provided few statistically significant results, although the findings of qualitative analyses suggest that fluency is a complex, high‐order linguistic phenomenon and that intuitive judgments about fluency level---such as those made by the raters for this study---may take into account a wide range of linguistic phenomena. Thus, this study offers an innovative approach to understanding fluency, with possibly implications for the teaching and testing of languages, as well as for research on second language acquisition processes.}, Bdsk-File-1 = {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}, Bdsk-Url-1 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01638539109544795}}
@inproceedings{bruyninckx_effects_1991, Address = {Aix-en-Provence}, Author = {Bruyninckx, Marielle and Harmegnies, Bernard and Llisterri, Joaquim and Poch, Dolors}, Booktitle = {ICPhS 1991. Actes du 12\textsuperscript{e} Congrès International de Sciences Phonétiques}, Date = {1991}, Date-Modified = {2017-12-06 21:09:13 +0000}, Isbn = {2-85399-260-8}, Keywords = {acoustic phonetics, bilingualism, Catalan, LTAS, phonation, phonetics, prosody, Spanish, speech production, voice quality}, Pages = {398-401}, Publisher = {Université de Provence, Service des Publications}, Rating = {1}, Title = {Effects of language change on voice quality. An experimental study of Catalan-Castilian bilinguals}, Url = {http://liceu.uab.cat/~joaquim/publicacions/Bruyninckx_Harmegnies_Llisterri_Poch_91_VoiceQuality_Language_Bilinguals.pdf}, Volume = {2}, Year = {1991}, Bdsk-File-1 = {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}, Bdsk-Url-1 = {http://liceu.uab.cat/~joaquim/publicacions/Bruyninckx_Harmegnies_Llisterri_Poch_91_VoiceQuality_Language_Bilinguals.pdf}}
@inproceedings{carrio_contrastive_1991, Address = {Aix-en-Provence}, Author = {Carrió, Mar and Ríos, Antonio}, Booktitle = {ICPhS 1991. Actes du 12\textsuperscript{e} Congrès International de Sciences Phonétiques}, Date = {1991}, Date-Modified = {2018-05-14 06:23:42 +0000}, Keywords = {acoustic phonetics, Catalan, contrastive, descriptive, phonetics, prosody, rhythm, Spanish, temporal factors}, Pages = {246--249}, Publisher = {Université de Provence, Service des Publications}, Rating = {1}, Read = {1}, Title = {A contrastive analysis of Spanish and Catalan rhythm}, Volume = {3}, Year = {1991}}
@inproceedings{llisterri_phonetic_1991-1, Address = {Tübingen}, Author = {Llisterri, Joaquim and Poch, Dolors}, Booktitle = {Dialoganalyse III. Referate der 3. Arbeitstagung Bologna 1990. Teil 2}, Date = {1991}, Date-Modified = {2017-11-19 18:43:49 +0000}, Editor = {Stati, S and Weigand, E and Hundsnurcher, F}, Isbn = {3-484-75002-2}, Keywords = {discourse, interpreting, phonetics, prosody}, Pages = {295-305}, Publisher = {Max Niemeyer}, Title = {A phonetic analysis of discourse construction procedures in simultaneous interpreting}, Url = {http://liceu.uab.cat/~joaquim/publicacions/Llisterri_Poch_91_Interpreting.pdf}, Year = {1991}, Bdsk-File-1 = {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}, Bdsk-Url-1 = {http://liceu.uab.cat/~joaquim/publicacions/Llisterri_Poch_91_Interpreting.pdf}}
@incollection{bruyninckx_bilinguisme_1990, Address = {Mons}, Author = {Bruyninckx, Marielle and Harmegnies, Bernard and Llisterri, Joaquim and Poch, Dolors}, Booktitle = {Mélanges de phonétique et didactique des langues. Hommage au professeur Renard}, Date = {1990}, Date-Modified = {2018-01-13 08:42:35 +0000}, Editor = {Landercy, Albert}, Isbn = {2-86460-160-5}, Keywords = {acoustic phonetics, bilingualism, LTAS, phonation, phonetics, prosody, speech production, voice quality}, Pages = {43-53}, Publisher = {Presses Universitaries de Mons -- Didier Érudition}, Title = {Bilinguisme et qualité vocale. Contribution à l'analyse des variations du spectre à long terme sous l'effet du changement de langue}, Url = {http://liceu.uab.cat/~joaquim/publicacions/Bruyninckx_Harmegnies_Llisterri_Poch_90_Qualite_vocale_bilinguisme.pdf}, Year = {1990}, Bdsk-File-1 = {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}, Bdsk-Url-1 = {http://liceu.uab.cat/~joaquim/publicacions/Bruyninckx_Harmegnies_Llisterri_Poch_90_Qualite_vocale_bilinguisme.pdf}}
@article{bochner_pausing_1987, Author = {Bochner, Joseph H and Barefoot, Sidney M and Johnson, Barbara Ann}, Date = {1987}, Date-Modified = {2018-05-30 18:49:59 +0000}, Journal = {Journal of Phonetics}, Keywords = {audiology, clinical, clinical phonetics, disfluencies, English, hearing impairment, intelligibility, pause duration, pause location, pauses, phonetics, prosody, read speech, speaking styles, speech perception, speech rate, temporal factors, phonetics}, Number = {4}, Pages = {323--333}, Title = {Pausing in the speech of deaf young adults}, Url = {https://www.researchgate.net/publication/258265868_Pausing_in_the_speech_of_deaf_young_adults}, Volume = {15}, Year = {1987}, Bdsk-File-1 = {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}, Bdsk-Url-1 = {https://www.researchgate.net/publication/258265868_Pausing_in_the_speech_of_deaf_young_adults}}
@inproceedings{toledo_influence_1987, Address = {Tallinn}, Author = {Toledo, Guillermo Andrés and Antoñanzas-Barroso, Norma}, Booktitle = {ICPhS 1987. Proceedings of the 11th International Congress of Phonetic Sciences}, Date = {1987}, Date-Modified = {2018-05-14 09:31:13 +0000}, Keywords = {descriptive, diphthongs, phonetics, prosody, segmental, Spanish, speech rate, temporal factors, vowels}, Pages = {125--128}, Publisher = {Academy of Sciences of the Estonian S.S.R., Institute of Language and Literature.}, Title = {Influence of speaking rate on Spanish diphthongs}, Volume = {3}, Year = {1987}}
@article{duez_perception_1985, Author = {Duez, Danielle}, Date = {1985}, Date-Modified = {2018-05-14 06:39:16 +0000}, Journal = {Language and Speech}, Keywords = {conversation, descriptive, discourse, disfluencies, duration, French, pause duration, pauses, phonetics, political discourse, prosody, segmental lengthening, silent pauses, speaking styles, speech perception, spontaneous speech, temporal factors}, Number = {4}, Pages = {377--389}, Title = {Perception of silent pauses in continuous speech}, Volume = {28}, Year = {1985}, Abstract = {The perception of silent pauses in continuous speech was investigated experimentally in three genres: political speeches, political interviews and casual interviews. Normal and inverted speech yielded similar perception. The result is interpreted as being an indicator of the salient role of the prosodic structures. The distributional patterning of pauses proves to be responsible for the variability of perception. Pause duration is the essential parameter; pause identification rate is positively correlated with it, and it interacts with the parameter values of the vowel preceding the pause.}, Bdsk-File-1 = {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}}
@book{loprete_lenguaje_1984, Address = {Buenos Aires}, Author = {Loprete, Carlos A}, Date = {1984}, Date-Modified = {2018-07-20 08:07:46 +0000}, Keywords = {L1 teaching, oral expression, phonetics, prosody, Spanish, speech rate, temporal factors, L1}, Publisher = {Plus Ultra}, Title = {El lenguaje oral: fundamentos, formas y técnicas}, Year = {1984}, Bdsk-File-1 = {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}}
@incollection{oconnell_pausology_1983, Address = {Berlin - New York - Amsterdam}, Author = {O'Connell, Daniel C and Kowal, Sabine}, Booktitle = {Computers in language research}, Date = {1983}, Date-Modified = {2018-05-14 08:39:03 +0000}, Editor = {Sedelow, Walter A and Sedelow, Sally Yeates}, Keywords = {general, pauses, phonetics, prosody, temporal factors}, Pages = {221--276}, Publisher = {Mouton}, Title = {Pausology}, Volume = {2}, Year = {1983}}
@article{apple_effects_1979, Author = {Apple, William and Streeter, Lynn A and Krauss, Robert M}, Date = {1979}, Date-Modified = {2018-05-13 21:56:18 +0000}, Doi = {10.1037/0022-3514.37.5.715}, Journal = {Journal of Personality and Social Psychology}, Keywords = {English, f0, forensic, forensic phonetics, phonetics, prosody, speech perception, speech rate, temporal factors}, Number = {5}, Pages = {715--727}, Title = {Effects of pitch and speech rate on personal attributions}, Volume = {37}, Year = {1979}, Abstract = {In 3 experiments, 61 undergraduates listened to recordings of male speakers answering 2 interview questions and rated the speakers on a variety of semantic differential scales. The recordings had been altered so that the pitch of the speakers' voices was raised or lowered by 20\% or left at its normal level, and speech rate was expanded or compressed by 30\% or left at its normal rate. The results provide clear evidence that listeners use these acoustic properties in making personal attributions to speakers. Speakers with high-pitched voices were judged less truthful, less emphatic, less "potent" (smaller, thinner, faster), and more nervous. Slow-talking speakers were judged less truthful, less fluent, and less persuasive and were seen as more "passive" (slower, colder, passive, weaker) but more "potent." However, the effects of the acoustic manipulations on personal attributions also depended on the particular question that elicited the response.}, Bdsk-File-1 = {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}, Bdsk-Url-1 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.37.5.715}}
@article{grosjean_breathing_1979, Author = {Grosjean, François and Collins, Maryann}, Date = {1979}, Date-Modified = {2018-09-13 14:02:50 +0200}, Doi = {10.1159/000259950}, Journal = {Phonetica}, Keywords = {disfluencies, English, filled pauses, pause location, pauses, phonetics, prosody, psycholinguistics, read speech, respiration, silent pauses, speaking styles, speech production, speech rate, syntax, temporal factors}, Number = {2}, Pages = {98--114}, Title = {Breathing, pausing and reading}, Volume = {36}, Year = {1979}, Abstract = {An analysis of the breathing patterns of speakers in a variable-rate reading task shows that the duration and frequency of breathing pauses are dependent both on the rate of speaking and the syntactic nature of the pause location. Non-breathing pauses follow the same pattern of occurrence as breathing pauses, but are always shorter and tend to occur primarily at minor constituent breaks. At slow and normal rates, speakers accommodate their need to inhale to the preplanned pause patterns. At fast rates, however, the physiological need to breathe is the sole determinant of pausing.}, Bdsk-File-1 = {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}, Bdsk-Url-1 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000259950}}
@incollection{rochester_ropauses_1977, Address = {Montréal}, Author = {Rochester, Sherry R}, Booktitle = {Psycholinguistique expérimentale et théorique}, Date = {1977}, Date-Modified = {2018-05-14 08:47:24 +0000}, Editor = {Sarrasin, R}, Keywords = {disfluencies, filled pauses, general, pauses, phonetics, prosody, silent pauses, speaking styles, spontaneous speech, temporal factors}, Pages = {221--255}, Publisher = {Les Presses de l'Université du Québec}, Title = {Le rôle des pauses en langage spontané}, Year = {1977}}
@article{grosjean_analyse_1973, Author = {Grosjean, François and Deschamps, Alain}, Date = {1973}, Date-Modified = {2018-05-14 08:01:20 +0000}, Doi = {10.1159/000259456}, Journal = {Phonetica}, Keywords = {contrastive, descriptive, English, filled pauses, French, linguistics, mass media, pause duration, pause location, pauses, phonetics, prosody, radio, silent pauses, speaking styles, syntax, temporal factors}, Number = {3--4}, Pages = {191--226}, Title = {Analyse des variables temporelles du français spontané. II. Comparaison du français oral dans la description avec l'anglais (description) et avec le français (interview radiophonique)}, Volume = {28}, Year = {1973}, Abstract = {This second study of the time variables of spoken French unravels the main values of these variables in a forced language activity (the description of cartoons) and compares them with those found in radio interviews. As regards the primary variables, the difference between these two tasks is highly significant. A comparison with English in respect to a similar description task shows a great similarity at the level of the complex variables and the rate of articulation, but a significant difference in the length of the runs and of unfilled pauses. The comparison of the syntactic distribution of unfilled pauses in interviews and in descriptions shows a similarity in the occurrence of pauses at different syntactic positions (in particular finally and medially in sentences), but an increase in the number of pauses and -- by about 100\% -- of their median length. Finally, a very great stability in the classification by order of size of the secondary variables (other hesitation pauses) is noted, which does not prevent these pauses from being distributed differently and two to three times as frequent in the descriptions.}, Bdsk-File-1 = {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}, Bdsk-Url-1 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000259456}}
@article{grosjean_analyse_1972, Author = {Grosjean, François and Deschamps, Alain}, Date = {1972}, Date-Modified = {2018-05-14 08:01:01 +0000}, Doi = {10.1159/000259407}, Journal = {Phonetica}, Keywords = {descriptive, disfluencies, false starts, filled pauses, French, pause duration, pause location, pauses, phonetics, prosody, repetitions, silent pauses, speaking styles, speech rate, spontaneous speech, temporal factors}, Language = {fr}, Number = {3}, Pages = {129--156}, Title = {Analyse des variables temporelles du français spontané}, Volume = {26}, Year = {1972}, Abstract = {This paper reviews the inherent time variables of speech and then discusses the importance of these variables for spontaneous speech activities in French. A comparison with English shows that the French speak faster than the English, this being mainly due to the smaller number of pauses introduced into their discourse, not to the rate of articulation, nor to the length of pauses. Moreover, it follows from the analysis of the syntactic distribution of unfilled pauses that 75 \% occur at the end of sense groups (60 \% at the end of clauses) and that pauses inside clauses are shorter (median 0.40 sec) than final ones (median 0.50 sec). Finally, the investigation of secondary variables (other hesitation pauses) shows the importance of `articulation' pauses (which consist of filled pauses and of drawls) and the prime role played by grammatical words in the categories: drawls, repetitions and false starts.}, Bdsk-File-1 = {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}, Bdsk-Url-1 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000259407}}
@article{hawkins_syntactic_1971, Author = {Hawkins, Peter R}, Date = {1971}, Date-Modified = {2018-07-20 08:07:07 +0000}, Journal = {Language and Speech}, Keywords = {descriptive, disfluencies, L1 acquisition, linguistics, pause location, pauses, phonetics, prosody, speaking styles, spontaneous speech, syntax, temporal factors, L1}, Number = {3}, Pages = {277--288}, Title = {The syntactic location of hesitation pauses}, Volume = {14}, Year = {1971}, Abstract = {Spontaneous narrative speech was obtained from 48 children by asking them to make up a story. A grammatical analysis of the hesitation pauses was carried out. Two-thirds of all the pauses, and three-quarters of the pause-time, was found to occur at boundaries between clauses. Pauses occasioned by lexical items occurred more frequently at a group boundary than within the group. It is suggested that the high frequency of clause-boundary pausing is a function of (a) the speech situation and (b) the range of options confronting the speaker at the beginning of a clause.}, Bdsk-File-1 = {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}}
@book{goldman-eisler_psycholinguistics:_1968, Address = {London}, Author = {Goldman-Eisler, Frieda}, Date = {1968}, Date-Modified = {2017-06-08 18:50:00 +0000}, Keywords = {pauses, phonetics, prosody, psycholinguistics, speaking styles, speech production, spontaneous speech, temporal factors}, Publisher = {Academic Press}, Title = {Psycholinguistics: Experiments in spontaneous speech}, Year = {1968}}
@article{boomer_hesitation_1962, Author = {Boomer, Donald S and Dittmann, Allen T}, Date = {1962}, Date-Modified = {2018-05-14 06:11:37 +0000}, Journal = {Language and Speech}, Keywords = {descriptive, disfluencies, English, pause duration, pauses, phonetics, prosody, speech perception, temporal factors}, Number = {4}, Pages = {215--220}, Title = {Hesitation pauses and juncture pauses in speech}, Volume = {5}, Year = {1962}, Abstract = {A psychophysical comparison of speech pause perception thresholds for juncture and hesitation pauses yielded significantly lower thresholds for the latter. On the basis of these and other data, a functional and methodological distinction between these two types of pause is proposed.}, Bdsk-File-1 = {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}}
@article{Maclay_1959, Author = {Maclay, Howard and Osgood, Charles E}, Date = {1959}, Date-Added = {2017-12-20 14:20:10 +0000}, Date-Modified = {2018-05-14 08:20:48 +0000}, Doi = {10.1080/00437956.1959.11659682}, Journal = {Word}, Keywords = {phonetics, speaking styles, spontaneous speech, English, disfluencies, pauses, repetitions, false starts, temporal factors, prosody}, Number = {1}, Pages = {19–-44}, Title = {Hesitation phenomena in spontaneous English speech}, Volume = {15}, Year = {1959}, Bdsk-File-1 = {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}, Bdsk-Url-1 = {https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00437956.1959.11659682}}
@article{goldman-eisler_variability_1954, Author = {Goldman-Eisler, Frieda}, Date = {1954}, Date-Modified = {2018-05-14 07:56:59 +0000}, Doi = {10.1111/j.2044-8295.1954.tb01232.x}, Journal = {British Journal of Psychology. General Section}, Keywords = {conversation, descriptive, interspeaker variation, intraspeaker variation, phonetics, prosody, speaking styles, speech rate, temporal factors}, Number = {2}, Pages = {94--107}, Title = {On the variability of the speed of talking and on its relation to the length of utterances in conversations}, Volume = {45}, Year = {1954}, Bdsk-File-1 = {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}, Bdsk-Url-1 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8295.1954.tb01232.x}}