Paper  doi  abstract   bibtex   

@article{osullivan_self-management_2018,
	title = {Self-management needs of {Irish} adolescents with {Juvenile} {Idiopathic} {Arthritis} ({JIA}): how can a {Canadian} web-based programme meet these needs?},
	volume = {16},
	issn = {1546-0096},
	shorttitle = {Self-management needs of {Irish} adolescents with {Juvenile} {Idiopathic} {Arthritis} ({JIA})},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1186/s12969-018-0287-0},
	doi = {10.1186/s12969-018-0287-0},
	abstract = {Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA) affects over 1000 children and adolescents in Ireland, potentially impacting health-related quality-of-life. Accessible self-management strategies, including Internet-based interventions, can support adolescents in Ireland where specialist rheumatology care is geographically-centralised within the capital city. This study interviewed adolescents with JIA, their parents, and healthcare professionals to (i) explore the self-management needs of Irish adolescents; and (ii) evaluate the acceptability of an adapted version of a Canadian JIA self-management programme (Teens Taking Charge: Managing Arthritis Online, or TTC) for Irish users.},
	number = {1},
	urldate = {2018-11-13},
	journal = {Pediatric Rheumatology},
	author = {O’Sullivan, Grace and O’Higgins, Siobhán and Caes, Line and Saetes, Sophia and McGuire, Brian E. and Stinson, Jennifer},
	month = nov,
	year = {2018},
	keywords = {Adolescence, Adolescent, Adult, Arthritis, Juvenile, Canada, Child, Female, Focus Groups, Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice, Health Personnel, Humans, Internet, Ireland, Juvenile arthritis, Male, Middle Aged, Needs Assessment, Needs assessment, Online intervention, Parents, Patient Education as Topic, Program Evaluation, Qualitative Research, Self-Management, Self-management},
	pages = {68}
}

Paper  doi  bibtex   

@article{RN205,
   author = {Zhang, C. E. and Wong, S. M. and Uiterwijk, R. and Staals, J. and Backes, W. H. and Hoff, E. I. and Schreuder, T. and Jeukens, C. R. and Jansen, J. F. and van Oostenbrugge, R. J.},
   title = {Intravoxel Incoherent Motion Imaging in Small Vessel Disease: Microstructural Integrity and Microvascular Perfusion Related to Cognition},
   journal = {Stroke},
   volume = {48},
   number = {3},
   pages = {658-663},
   ISSN = {1524-4628 (Electronic)
0039-2499 (Linking)},
   DOI = {10.1161/STROKEAHA.116.015084},
   url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28196940},
   year = {2017},
   type = {Journal Article}
}

@article{pascual_bloodstream_2016,
	title = {Bloodstream infections caused by {Escherichia} coli producing {AmpC} β-lactamases: epidemiology and clinical features},
	volume = {35},
	issn = {1435-4373},
	shorttitle = {Bloodstream infections caused by {Escherichia} coli producing {AmpC} β-lactamases},
	doi = {10.1007/s10096-016-2752-3},
	abstract = {The aim of the study was to investigate the epidemiology and clinical features of bloodstream infections due to Escherichia coli producing AmpC β-lactamases (AmpC-Ec-BSI). In a multi-centre case-control study, all third-generation-cephalosporin-resistant Escherichia coli BSI (3GC-Ec-BSI) isolates were analysed. Acquired bla AmpC (bla ac-AmpC) detection was done by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequencing. Chromosomal bla AmpC (bla c-AmpC) expression was quantified by real-time PCR. Cases were patients with AmpC-Ec-BSI. Controls were patients with cephalosporin-susceptible E. coli BSI, matched 1:1 by sex and age. Demographics, comorbidities, intrinsic and extrinsic risk factors for antimicrobial resistance, clinical presentation and outcomes were investigated. Among 841 E. coli BSI, 17 were caused by AmpC-Ec (2 \%). Eleven isolates (58.8 \%) had bla ac-AmpC and six were bla c-AmpC overproducers. The mean age of cases was 66.2 years and 71 \% were men. Cases were more frequently healthcare-related (82 vs. 52 \% controls, p {\textless} 0.05) and presented more intrinsic and extrinsic risk factors. At least one risk factor was present in 94.1 \% of cases vs. 41.7 \% of controls (p = 0.002). Severity and length of stay (LOS) were higher among cases (mean Pitt Score 2.6 vs. 0.38 in controls, p = 0.03; LOS 17.5 days vs. 6 in controls, p = 0.02). Inappropriate empirical therapy (IET) was administered to 70.6 \% of cases and 23.5 \% of controls (p {\textless} 0.003). No differences were found in terms of cure rate at the 14th day and mortality. Bloodstream infections due to AmpC-Ec (mostly plasmid-mediated) are infrequent in our area. AmpC-Ec-BSI affects mainly patients with intrinsic risk factors and those with previous antibiotic exposure. A high proportion received IET.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {12},
	journal = {European Journal of Clinical Microbiology \& Infectious Diseases: Official Publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology},
	author = {Pascual, V. and Alonso, N. and Simó, M. and Ortiz, G. and Garcia, M. C. and Xercavins, M. and Rivera, A. and Morera, M. A. and Miró, E. and Espejo, E. and Navarro, F. and Gurguí, M. and Pérez, J. and Rodríguez-Carballeira, M. and Garau, J. and Calbo, E.},
	year = {2016},
	pmid = {27549108},
	keywords = {Adult, Age Distribution, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Bacteremia, Bacterial Proteins, Case-Control Studies, DNA, Bacterial, Escherichia coli, Escherichia coli Infections, Female, Humans, Length of Stay, Male, Middle Aged, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Risk Factors, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Severity of Illness Index, Treatment Outcome, beta-Lactamases},
	pages = {1997--2003},
}

@article{smallwood_neurophysiological_2016,
	title = {Neurophysiological mechanisms in acceptance and commitment therapy in opioid-addicted patients with chronic pain},
	volume = {250},
	issn = {1872-7506},
	doi = {10.1016/j.pscychresns.2016.03.001},
	abstract = {Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) has been effectively utilized to treat both chronic pain and substance use disorder independently. Given these results and the vital need to treat the comorbidity of the two disorders, a pilot ACT treatment was implemented in individuals with comorbid chronic pain and opioid addiction. This pilot study supported using neurophysiology to characterize treatment effects and revealed that, following ACT, participants with this comorbidity exhibited reductions in brain activation due to painful stimulus and in connectivity at rest.},
	language = {eng},
	journal = {Psychiatry Research. Neuroimaging},
	author = {Smallwood, Rachel F. and Potter, Jennifer S. and Robin, Donald A.},
	year = {2016},
	pmid = {27107155},
	pmcid = {PMC4842257},
	keywords = {Acceptation et toxicomanie},
	pages = {12--14}
}

@article{kiadaliri_absolute_2016,
	title = {Absolute and relative educational inequalities in obesity among adults in {Tehran}: {Findings} from the {Urban} {HEART} {Study}-2.},
	volume = {10 Suppl 1},
	issn = {1871-403X},
	shorttitle = {Absolute and relative educational inequalities in obesity among adults in {Tehran}},
	doi = {10.1016/j.orcp.2015.05.002},
	abstract = {BACKGROUND: The prevalence of obesity is increasing in Iran. Previous studies showed mixed results in relation to association between socioeconomic status and obesity in the country. The current study aimed to examine educational inequalities among adults in Tehran in 2011.
METHOD: Data on 90,435 persons 18 years and older from Urban Health Equity Assessment and Response Tool (Urban HEART-2) were analyzed. The Slope Index of Inequality (SII) and the Relative Index of Inequality (RII) were used for assessing educational inequalities in obesity. These measures were quantified using generalized linear models for the binomial family adjusted for sex and age. Subgroup analysis was conducted across sex, age groups and the 22 districts of Tehran.
RESULTS: Both SII and RII showed substantial educational inequalities in obesity in favour of more educated adults [RII and SII (95\% CI were equal to 2.91 (2.71-3.11) and 0.12 (0.12-0.13)), respectively]. These educational inequalities were persistent even after adjusting for employment, marital status and smoking. Subgroup analysis revealed that educational inequalities were more profound among women. While among men educational inequalities were generally increasing with age, an inverse trend was observed among women. Educational inequalities were observed within all 22 districts of Tehran and generally there were no statistically significant differences between districts.
CONCLUSION: An inverse association between education and obesity was observed in the current study. To decrease educational inequalities in Tehran, priority should be given to younger women and older men. Further analyses are needed to explain these inequalities.},
	language = {eng},
	journal = {Obesity Research \& Clinical Practice},
	author = {Kiadaliri, Aliasghar A. and Asadi-Lari, Mohsen and Kalantari, Naser and Jafari, Mehdi and Vaez Mahdavi, Mohammad Reza and Faghihzadeh, Soghrat},
	month = sep,
	year = {2016},
	pmid = {26003304},
	keywords = {Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Educational Status, Educational inequality, Female, Generalized linear model, Humans, Iran, Male, Middle Aged, Obesity, Sex Factors, Social Class, Socioeconomic Factors, Urban-HEART, Young Adult},
	pages = {S57--S63}
}

Paper  doi  abstract   bibtex   

@article{nagel_association_2015,
	title = {The association between antibody levels before and after 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine immunization and subsequent pneumococcal infection in chronic arthritis patients.},
	volume = {17},
	issn = {1478-6362 1478-6354},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1186%2Fs13075-015-0636-z},
	doi = {10.1186/s13075-015-0636-z},
	abstract = {INTRODUCTION: The aim of present study is to inverstigate the association between antibody levels after vaccination with 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) and subsequent serious pneumococcal infections in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and spondylarthropathy (SpA) patients. METHODS: A cohort of 497 patients (RA=248 and SpA=249) received a single dose of PCV7. At vaccination, patients were treated with methotrexate (MTX; n=85), anti-tumour necrosis factor (anti-TNF) + MTX (n=169), anti-TNF monotherapy (n=158) and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)/analgesics (n=85). Antibody levels of serotypes  6B and 23B were analyzed before and 4 to 6 weeks after vaccination using standard enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Serious pneumococcal infections (pneumonia/lower respiratory tract infection, meningitis, sepsis, septic arthritis) occurring within 4.5 years after vaccination were identified in the Skane Healthcare Register using the International Classification of Diseases, tenth revision (ICD-10) codes. The association between post-vaccination antibody  levels and protection against infections and determination of protective cutoff levels was explored using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Predictors of infection were studied using regression analyses. RESULTS: Eighteen infections were registered in 15 patients before vaccination and 27 infections in 23 patients after vaccination. Patients with serious infections after vaccination had significantly lower post-vaccination antibody titres for both 6B (P=0.04) and 23 F (P=0.04). Post-vaccination antibody levels of at least 1.29 mg/L and 1.01 mg/L for 6B and 23, respectively, were associated with better protection from serious infections. Higher age, concomitant prednisolone but not MTX or anti-TNF  were associated with such infections. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with more robust antibody responses after vaccination with pneumococcal conjugate vaccine were less likely to suffer from serious infections. High age and prednisolone at vaccination were associated with putative serious pneumococcal infections in this cohort. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: EudraCT EU 2007-006539-29 and NCT00828997 . Registered 23 January 2009.},
	language = {eng},
	journal = {Arthritis research \& therapy},
	author = {Nagel, Johanna and Geborek, Pierre and Saxne, Tore and Jonsson, Goran and Englund, Martin and Petersson, Ingemar F. and Nilsson, Jan-Ake and Truedsson, Lennart and Kapetanovic, Meliha C.},
	year = {2015},
	pmid = {25986458},
	pmcid = {PMC4436875},
	keywords = {Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Antibodies, Bacterial/*blood, Arthritis, Rheumatoid/blood/*complications/immunology, Chronic Disease, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, Female, Heptavalent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine/*therapeutic use, Humans, Immunization/*methods, Immunologic Factors/therapeutic use, Male, Middle Aged, Pneumococcal Infections/complications/microbiology/*prevention \& control, Young Adult},
	pages = {124},
}

@article{
 title = {Quality of life in older people with dementia: a multilevel study of individual attributes and residential care center characteristics},
 type = {article},
 year = {2015},
 identifiers = {[object Object]},
 keywords = {Aged,Aged, 80 and over,Cross-Sectional Studies,Dementia/epidemiology/psychology,Female,Health Status,Humans,Institutionalization,Male,Middle Aged,Nursing Homes,Quality of Life,Questionnaires,Retrospective Studies,Spain/epidemiology,dementia,multilevel analysis,older adults,residential care centers},
 pages = {104-110},
 volume = {15},
 month = {1},
 publisher = {Japan Geriatrics Society},
 city = {Department "G.F. Ingrassia", Hygiene and Public Health, University of Catania, Catania, Italy; National School of Public Health, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain.},
 id = {35f0e744-a287-3daf-8594-25c38c57ad04},
 created = {2016-08-20T16:52:14.000Z},
 file_attached = {false},
 profile_id = {217ced55-4c79-38dc-838b-4b5ea8df5597},
 group_id = {408d37d9-5f1b-3398-a9f5-5c1a487116d4},
 last_modified = {2017-03-14T09:54:45.334Z},
 read = {false},
 starred = {false},
 authored = {false},
 confirmed = {true},
 hidden = {false},
 source_type = {JOUR},
 notes = {CI: (c) 2014; JID: 101135738; OTO: NOTNLM; 2013/12/10 [accepted]; 2014/01/24 [aheadofprint]; ppublish},
 folder_uuids = {f1983289-bfcc-4bbc-aa58-64df97457698},
 private_publication = {false},
 abstract = {AIM: To analyze how the characteristics of institutionalized older people with dementia and residential care centers are associated with the individual's quality of life (QoL). METHODS: Data were collected from a survey carried out on 525 elderly people aged 60 years or older in 14 nursing care homes across Spain. Multilevel linear analysis to assess the differences in QoL level between centers and individuals was carried out. RESULTS: The characteristics of the individuals that were associated with a higher QoL were functional independence, health status and gathering with family, friends or neighbors. In contrast, higher levels of dementia, depression and the length of institutionalization had a negative effect on QoL. In relation to the residential care center characteristics, the availability of geriatricians was associated with higher QoL, compared with those centers with no geriatricians on staff. In addition, public centers (public ownership and publicly-funded residents) were also associated with higher QoL than private/mixed centers. The multilevel analysis showed that the 16.4% of the differences in QoL was related to residence factors. CONCLUSION: These results reflect the importance of the functional, social, mental and residential dimensions in the QoL of older adults with dementia. Actions devoted to improving these key dimensions would contribute to promote the well-being of this vulnerable population.},
 bibtype = {article},
 author = {Marventano, S and Prieto-Flores, M E and Sanz-Barbero, B and Martin-Garcia, S and Fernandez-Mayoralas, G and Rojo-Perez, F and Martinez-Martin, P and Forjaz, M J and Ageing, Spanish Research Group on Quality of Life and},
 journal = {Geriatrics & gerontology international},
 number = {1}
}

Paper  abstract   bibtex   

@article{
 title = {Vaccines for the prevention of seasonal influenza in patients with diabetes: systematic review and meta-analysis},
 type = {article},
 year = {2015},
 identifiers = {[object Object]},
 pages = {53},
 volume = {13},
 websites = {http://www.biomedcentral.com/1741-7015/13/53},
 id = {2cc07ac9-3895-3d7d-840a-282f79e47294},
 created = {2015-09-09T15:56:50.000Z},
 file_attached = {true},
 profile_id = {7a0fec24-6ec6-312f-956e-f210abd2cdb7},
 group_id = {943817ab-6073-3383-a1c5-963a6e7efbea},
 last_modified = {2015-09-14T17:18:41.000Z},
 tags = {VDECGA,VDECICIDFLUREV,VDECL4,VDECVI},
 read = {false},
 starred = {false},
 authored = {false},
 confirmed = {true},
 hidden = {false},
 abstract = {VDECICIDFLUREV; VDECSG; GA},
 bibtype = {article},
 author = {Remschmidt, Cornelius and Wichmann, Ole and Harder, Thomas},
 journal = {BMC Medicine},
 number = {1}
}

@article{munden_prospective_2014,
	title = {Prospective study of infantile haemangiomas: incidence, clinical characteristics and association with placental anomalies},
	volume = {170},
	issn = {1365-2133},
	shorttitle = {Prospective study of infantile haemangiomas},
	doi = {10.1111/bjd.12804},
	abstract = {BACKGROUND: The aetiology and exact incidence of infantile haemangiomas (IHs) are unknown. Prior studies have noted immunohistochemical and biological characteristics shared by IHs and placental tissue.
OBJECTIVES: We investigated the possible association between placental anomalies and the development of IHs, as well as the demographic characteristics and other risk factors for IHs.
PATIENTS AND METHODS: Pregnant women (n = 578) were prospectively enrolled and their offspring followed for 9 months. Placental evaluations were performed and demographic data collected on all mother-infant pairs.
RESULTS: We evaluated 594 infants: 34 haemangiomas [either IH or congenital (CH)] were identified in 29 infants, yielding an incidence of 4·5\% for IH (27 infants) and 0·3\% for CH (two infants). Placental anomalies were noted in almost 35\% of haemangioma-related pregnancies, approximately twice the incidence noted in pregnancies with unaffected infants (P = 0·025). Other risk factors for IH included prematurity (P = 0·016) and low birth weight (P = 0·028). All IHs were present by 3 months of age, and cessation of growth had occurred in all by 9 months of age. Most occurred on the trunk. Of note, 20\% of identified IHs were abortive or telangiectatic in nature, small focal lesions that did not proliferate beyond 3 months of age. Only one IH required intervention.
CONCLUSIONS: This is the first prospective American study to document the incidence of IHs in infants followed from birth to early infancy. The association with placental anomalies was statistically significant. The overall incidence mirrors prior estimates, but the need for treatment was lower than previously reported.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {4},
	journal = {The British Journal of Dermatology},
	author = {Munden, A. and Butschek, R. and Tom, W. L. and Marshall, J. S. and Poeltler, D. M. and Krohne, S. E. and Alió, A. B. and Ritter, M. and Friedlander, D. F. and Catanzarite, V. and Mendoza, A. and Smith, L. and Friedlander, M. and Friedlander, S. F.},
	month = apr,
	year = {2014},
	pmid = {24641194},
	pmcid = {PMC4410180},
	keywords = {Adolescent, Adult, California, Female, Hemangioma, Humans, Incidence, Infant, Male, Maternal Age, Middle Aged, Placenta Diseases, Pregnancy, Prospective Studies, Risk Factors, Young Adult},
	pages = {907--913}
}

@article{hippisley-cox_performance_2014,
	title = {The performance of seven {QPrediction} risk scores in an independent external sample of patients from general practice: a validation study},
	volume = {4},
	issn = {2044-6055},
	shorttitle = {The performance of seven {QPrediction} risk scores in an independent external sample of patients from general practice},
	doi = {10.1136/bmjopen-2014-005809},
	abstract = {OBJECTIVES: To validate the performance of a set of risk prediction algorithms developed using the QResearch database, in an independent sample from general practices contributing to the Clinical Research Data Link (CPRD).
SETTING: Prospective open cohort study using practices contributing to the CPRD database and practices contributing to the QResearch database.
PARTICIPANTS: The CPRD validation cohort consisted of 3.3 million patients, aged 25-99 years registered at 357 general practices between 1 Jan 1998 and 31 July 2012. The validation statistics for QResearch were obtained from the original published papers which used a one-third sample of practices separate to those used to derive the score. A cohort from QResearch was used to compare incidence rates and baseline characteristics and consisted of 6.8 million patients from 753 practices registered between 1 Jan 1998 and until 31 July 2013.
OUTCOME MEASURES: Incident events relating to seven different risk prediction scores: QRISK2 (cardiovascular disease); QStroke (ischaemic stroke); QDiabetes (type 2 diabetes); QFracture (osteoporotic fracture and hip fracture); QKidney (moderate and severe kidney failure); QThrombosis (venous thromboembolism); QBleed (intracranial bleed and upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage). Measures of discrimination and calibration were calculated.
RESULTS: Overall, the baseline characteristics of the CPRD and QResearch cohorts were similar though QResearch had higher recording levels for ethnicity and family history. The validation statistics for each of the risk prediction scores were very similar in the CPRD cohort compared with the published results from QResearch validation cohorts. For example, in women, the QDiabetes algorithm explained 50\% of the variation within CPRD compared with 51\% on QResearch and the receiver operator curve value was 0.85 on both databases. The scores were well calibrated in CPRD.
CONCLUSIONS: Each of the algorithms performed practically as well in the external independent CPRD validation cohorts as they had in the original published QResearch validation cohorts.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {8},
	journal = {BMJ open},
	author = {Hippisley-Cox, Julia and Coupland, Carol and Brindle, Peter},
	year = {2014},
	pmid = {25168040},
	pmcid = {PMC4156807},
	keywords = {Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Algorithms, Calibration, Cardiovascular Diseases, Cprd, Ethnic Groups, Family, Female, General Practice, Hemorrhage, Humans, Kidney Diseases, Male, Middle Aged, Osteoporotic Fractures, Prognosis, Prospective Studies, QResearch, Qrisk2, Risk, Validation, Venous Thromboembolism, diabetes mellitus},
	pages = {e005809}
}

@article{
 title = {How much do residential aged care staff members know about the nutritional needs of residents?},
 type = {article},
 year = {2014},
 identifiers = {[object Object]},
 keywords = {Adult,Aged,Attitude of Health Personnel,Cross-Sectional Studies,Dementia/nursing,Female,Geriatric Nursing/methods,Health Care Surveys,Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice,Humans,Male,Malnutrition/nursing,Meals,Middle Aged,Nursing Staff,Nutrition Assessment,Quality of Life/psychology,Residential Facilities,malnutrition,mealtime practices,nutrition knowledge,old age,residential care,staff},
 pages = {54-64},
 volume = {9},
 month = {3},
 publisher = {Blackwell Publishing Ltd},
 city = {Dementia Collaborative Research Centre: Carers & Consumers, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia; Dementia Training Studies Centre, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia; School of Nursing, Queensland University of T},
 id = {ddcbb97d-cbf9-341d-982c-c02ae2ebd52c},
 created = {2016-08-20T16:52:30.000Z},
 file_attached = {false},
 profile_id = {217ced55-4c79-38dc-838b-4b5ea8df5597},
 group_id = {408d37d9-5f1b-3398-a9f5-5c1a487116d4},
 last_modified = {2017-03-14T09:54:45.334Z},
 read = {false},
 starred = {false},
 authored = {false},
 confirmed = {true},
 hidden = {false},
 source_type = {JOUR},
 notes = {ID: 74113; CI: (c) 2013; JID: 101267281; OTO: NOTNLM; 2012/08/03 [received]; 2012/11/21 [accepted]; 2013/02/11 [aheadofprint]; ppublish},
 folder_uuids = {06271a48-ad48-43cc-b073-52e57f10f5e1},
 private_publication = {false},
 abstract = {BACKGROUND: Undernutrition, weight loss and dehydration are major clinical issues for people with dementia in residential care, with excessive weight loss contributing to increased risk of frailty, immobility, illness and premature morbidity. This paper discusses a nutritional knowledge and attitudes survey conducted as part of a larger project focused on improving nutritional intake of people with dementia within a residential care facility in Brisbane, Australia. AIMS: The specific aims of the survey were to identify (i) knowledge of the nutritional needs of aged care facility residents; (ii) mealtime practices; and (iii) attitudes towards mealtime practices and organisation. METHODS: A survey based on those used in other healthcare settings was completed by 76 staff members. The survey included questions about nutritional knowledge, opinions of the food service, frequency of feeding assistance provided and feeding assessment practices. RESULTS: Nutritional knowledge scores ranged from 1 to 9 of a possible 10, with a mean score of 4.67. While 76% of respondents correctly identified risk factors associated with malnutrition in nursing home residents, only 38% of participants correctly identified the need for increased protein and energy in residents with pressure ulcers, and just 15% exhibited correct knowledge of fluid requirements. Further, while nutritional assessment was considered an important part of practice by 83% of respondents, just 53% indicated that they actually carried out such assessments. Identified barriers to promoting optimal nutrition included insufficient time to observe residents (56%); being unaware of residents' feeding issues (46%); poor knowledge of nutritional assessments (44%); and unappetising appearance of food served (57%). CONCLUSION: An important step towards improving health and quality of life for residents of aged care facilities would be to enhance staff nutritional awareness and assessment skills. This should be carried out through increased attention to both preservice curricula and on-the-job training. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: The residential facility staff surveyed demonstrated low levels of nutrition knowledge, which reflects findings from the international literature. This has implications for the provision of responsive care to residents of these facilities and should be explored further.},
 bibtype = {article},
 author = {Beattie, E and O'Reilly, M and Strange, E and Franklin, S and Isenring, E},
 journal = {International journal of older people nursing},
 number = {1}
}

@article{wiwatanadate_acute_2014,
	title = {Acute air pollution-related symptoms among residents in {Chiang} {Mai}, {Thailand}},
	volume = {76},
	issn = {0022-0892},
	abstract = {Open burnings (forest fires, agricultural, and garbage burnings) are the major sources of air pollution in Chiang Mai, Thailand. A time series prospective study was conducted in which 3025 participants were interviewed for 19 acute symptoms with the daily records of ambient air pollutants: particulate matter less than 10 microm in size (PM10), carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), sulfur dioxide (SO2), and ozone (O3). PM10 was positively associated with blurred vision with an adjusted odds ratio (OR) of 1.009. CO was positively associated with lower lung and heart symptoms with adjusted ORs of 1.137 and 1.117. NO2 was positively associated with nosebleed, larynx symptoms, dry cough, lower lung symptoms, heart symptoms, and eye irritation with the range of adjusted ORs (ROAORs) of 1.024 to 1.229. SO2 was positively associated with swelling feet, skin symptoms, eye irritation, red eyes, and blurred vision with ROAORs of 1.205 to 2.948. Conversely, O3 was negatively related to running nose, burning nose, dry cough, body rash, red eyes, and blurred vision with ROAORs of 0.891 to 0.979.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {6},
	journal = {Journal of Environmental Health},
	author = {Wiwatanadate, Phongtape},
	month = feb,
	year = {2014},
	pmid = {24645417},
	note = {00003 },
	keywords = {Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Air Pollutants, Air Pollution, Environmental Exposure, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Odds Ratio, Particulate Matter, Prospective Studies, Respiration Disorders, Thailand, Weather},
	pages = {76--84}
}

Paper  doi  abstract   bibtex   

@article{aboukais_surgery_2014,
	title = {Surgery followed by radiosurgery: a deliberate valuable strategy in the treatment of intracranial meningioma},
	volume = {124},
	issn = {1872-6968 (Electronic) 0303-8467 (Linking)},
	url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25043442},
	doi = {10.1016/j.clineuro.2014.06.035},
	abstract = {OBJECTIVE: The aim of our study is to show that surgery followed by Gamma Knife Radiosurgery is an effective and safe combined treatment for the control of intracranial meningiomas located close to critical structures. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This retrospective study followed 31 patients with intracranial meningioma between 2005 and 2010. We included patients when initial therapeutic decision was deliberate subtotal surgical resection preparing a target for early postoperative GKR. Early MRI was performed to evaluate the tumor residual volume after surgical procedure. Annual MRI was performed to detect any tumor progression. RESULTS: The mean follow-up was 4.5 years. The mean margin dose was 14.5 Gy and the mean target volume was 2.4 cm3. The mean progression free survival after combined treatment was 4.4 years in the irradiated target volume and 3.9 years on the limit or remotely of irradiated target volume. Of all patients, we recorded 5 tumor progressions after combined treatment, in-field in 1 case and out-of-field in 4 cases. All tumor progressions were high-grade meningiomas. CONCLUSION: Surgery followed by radiosurgery is a safe and effective combined treatment for intracranial meningiomas. We recommend it in case of meningioma located close to critical structures for which it is safer to leave in place a tumor remnant to reduce morbidity.},
	journal = {Clin Neurol Neurosurg},
	author = {Aboukais, R. and Zairi, F. and Reyns, N. and Le Rhun, E. and Touzet, G. and Blond, S. and Lejeune, J. P.},
	month = sep,
	year = {2014},
	keywords = {*Neoplasm Recurrence, Adult, Aged, Disease-Free Survival, Female, Humans, Local, Male, Meningeal Neoplasms/*surgery, Meningioma/*surgery, Middle Aged, Neurosurgical Procedures/*methods, Radiosurgery/*methods, Retrospective Studies, Treatment Outcome},
	pages = {123--6},
}

Paper  doi  bibtex   

@article{schachtner_inflammatory_2014,
	title = {Inflammatory activation and recovering {BKV}-specific immunity correlate with self-limited {BKV} replication after renal transplantation},
	volume = {27},
	issn = {09340874},
	url = {http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/tri.12251},
	doi = {10.1111/tri.12251},
	language = {en},
	number = {3},
	urldate = {2017-02-01TZ},
	journal = {Transplant International},
	author = {Schachtner, Thomas and Stein, Maik and Sefrin, Anett and Babel, Nina and Reinke, Petra},
	month = mar,
	year = {2014},
	keywords = {Adult, Aged, Antibodies, Viral/blood, Antigens, Viral, BK Virus/immunology/*pathogenicity/physiology, BKV replication, Chemokine CXCL10/blood, ELISPOT, Female, Humans, IP-10, Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1/blood, Interferon-gamma/biosynthesis, Kidney Transplantation/*adverse effects, Male, Middle Aged, Nephritis/etiology/immunology, Polyomavirus Infections/etiology/immunology, Prospective Studies, Renal transplantation, Risk Factors, T cells, T-Lymphocytes/immunology, Transplantation Immunology, Tumor Virus Infections/etiology/immunology, Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1/blood, Virus Activation/immunology, Virus Replication/immunology},
	pages = {290--301}
}

@article{salie_associations_2014,
	title = {Associations between human leukocyte antigen class {I} variants and the {Mycobacterium} tuberculosis subtypes causing disease},
	volume = {209},
	issn = {1537-6613},
	doi = {10.1093/infdis/jit443},
	abstract = {BACKGROUND: The development of active tuberculosis disease has been shown to be multifactorial. Interactions between host and bacterial genotype may influence disease outcome, with some studies indicating the adaptation of M. tuberculosis strains to specific human populations. Here we investigate the role of the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I genes in this biological process.
METHODS: Three hundred patients with tuberculosis from South Africa were typed for their HLA class I alleles by direct sequencing. Mycobacterium tuberculosis genotype classification was done by IS6110 restriction fragment length polymorphism genotyping and spoligotyping.
RESULTS: We showed that Beijing strain occurred more frequently in individuals with multiple disease episodes (P {\textless} .001) with the HLA-B27 allele lowering the odds of having an additional episode (odds ratio, 0.21; P = .006). Associations were also identified for specific HLA types and disease caused by the Beijing, LAM, LCC, and Quebec strains. HLA types were also associated with disease caused by strains from the Euro-American or East Asian lineages, and the frequencies of these alleles in their sympatric human populations identified potential coevolutionary events between host and pathogen.
CONCLUSIONS: This is the first report of the association of human HLA types and M. tuberculosis strain genotype, highlighting that both host and pathogen genetics need to be taken into consideration when studying tuberculosis disease development.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {2},
	journal = {The Journal of Infectious Diseases},
	author = {Salie, Muneeb and van der Merwe, Lize and Möller, Marlo and Daya, Michelle and van der Spuy, Gian D. and van Helden, Paul D. and Martin, Maureen P. and Gao, Xiao-Jiang and Warren, Robin M. and Carrington, Mary and Hoal, Eileen G.},
	month = jan,
	year = {2014},
	pmid = {23945374},
	pmcid = {PMC3873786},
	note = {00006 },
	keywords = {Adult, Alleles, DNA Transposable Elements, Female, Genotype, Histocompatibility Antigens Class I, Host-Pathogen Interactions, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Molecular Typing, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length, Sequence Analysis, DNA, South Africa, Tuberculosis, Young Adult},
	pages = {216--223}
}

@article{fisher_fatal_2014,
	title = {Fatal unintentional non-fire-related carbon monoxide poisoning: {England} and {Wales}, 1979-2012},
	volume = {52},
	issn = {1556-9519},
	shorttitle = {Fatal unintentional non-fire-related carbon monoxide poisoning},
	doi = {10.3109/15563650.2014.887092},
	abstract = {CONTEXT: Unintentional carbon monoxide poisoning remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in England and Wales. METHODS.
STUDY DESIGN: observational case series. Data on fatal carbon monoxide poisoning in England and Wales from 1979 to 2012 were obtained from coroner reports. Data on unintentional non-fire-related carbon monoxide poisoning were extracted and were analysed by year of registration of death, sex, age group, and whether death occurred at a private house, flat, associated garage, or residential caravan ('home'), or elsewhere.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: There were 28,944 carbon monoxide-related deaths, of which 82\% were male. Deaths increased from 965 (1979) to 1700 (1987), and then fell to 182 (2012). Of these 2208 (64\% male) were recorded as unintentional non-fire-related deaths. Annual numbers of these latter deaths fell from 166 in 1979 to 25 in 2012 (i.e. from 3.37 to 0.44 per million population). Some 81 and 92\% of such deaths in males and in females, respectively, occurred at 'home'. A clear preponderance of male versus female deaths was seen in the 10-19, 20-39 and 40-64 years age groups, with similar numbers of deaths in males and in females in the younger ({\textless} 1 and 1-9 year) and higher (65-79 and 80 + years) age groups. A higher proportion of these excess deaths in males occurred outside the deceased's 'home' in those aged 10-19, 20-39 and 40-64 years.
CONCLUSION: Deaths from unintentional non-fire-related carbon monoxide poisoning are now much less common in England and Wales than in earlier years, but remain a cause for concern. Installation and proper maintenance of carbon monoxide alarms in dwellings and outhouses, for example, and education not only of the public, but also of health and other professionals as to the danger posed by carbon monoxide could help prevent such deaths.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {3},
	journal = {Clinical Toxicology (Philadelphia, Pa.)},
	author = {Fisher, D. S. and Leonardi, G. and Flanagan, R. J.},
	month = mar,
	year = {2014},
	pmid = {24533843},
	note = {00006 },
	keywords = {Adolescent, Adult, Age Factors, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Carbon Monoxide Poisoning, Child, England, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Sex Characteristics, Time Factors, Wales},
	pages = {166--170}
}

@article{
 title = {Antipsychotic use in nursing homes varies by psychiatric consultant},
 type = {article},
 year = {2014},
 identifiers = {[object Object]},
 keywords = {Aged,Antipsychotic Agents/administration & dosage,Consultants/statistics & numerical data,Cross-Sectional Studies,Drug Utilization/statistics & numerical data,Female,Homes for the Aged/statistics & numerical data,Humans,Inappropriate Prescribing/statistics & numerical d,Male,Middle Aged,Nursing Homes/statistics & numerical data,Physician's Practice Patterns/statistics & numeric,Prevalence,Psychiatry/statistics & numerical data,Quality of Health Care/statistics & numerical data},
 pages = {267-271},
 volume = {52},
 month = {3},
 city = {*University of Massachusetts Medical School daggerMeyers Primary Care Institute, Worcester, MA double daggerQualidigm, Wethersfield, CT section signMassachsuetts College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Worcester, MA.},
 id = {b19f54cb-fab3-3dea-811c-117436fba829},
 created = {2016-08-20T16:52:45.000Z},
 file_attached = {false},
 profile_id = {217ced55-4c79-38dc-838b-4b5ea8df5597},
 group_id = {408d37d9-5f1b-3398-a9f5-5c1a487116d4},
 last_modified = {2017-03-14T09:54:45.334Z},
 read = {false},
 starred = {false},
 authored = {false},
 confirmed = {true},
 hidden = {false},
 source_type = {JOUR},
 notes = {ID: 69243; GR: K01 AG031836/AG/NIA NIH HHS/United States; GR: K01AG031836/AG/NIA NIH HHS/United States; GR: R18 HS 019351/HS/AHRQ HHS/United States; JID: 0230027; 0 (Antipsychotic Agents); NIHMS544145; OID: NLM: NIHMS544145 [Available on 03/01/15]; OID: NLM: PMC3948216 [Available on 03/01/15]; PMCR: 2015/03/01 00:00; ppublish},
 folder_uuids = {966ab323-a0e8-4fc2-897a-595b3dcfd334},
 private_publication = {false},
 abstract = {BACKGROUND: The relationship between psychiatric consultation and antipsychotic prescribing in nursing homes (NH) is unknown. OBJECTIVE: To identify the association between psychiatric consultant groups and NH-level antipsychotic prescribing after adjustment for resident case-mix and facility characteristics. RESEARCH DESIGN AND SUBJECTS: Nested cross-sectional study of 60 NHs in a cluster randomized trial. We linked facility leadership surveys to October 2009-September 2010 Minimum Data Set, Nursing Home Compare, the US Census, and pharmacy dispensing data. MEASURES: The main exposure is the psychiatric consultant group and the main outcome is NH-level prevalence of atypical antipsychotic use. We calculated annual means and interquartile ranges of NH-level antipsychotic use for each consultant group and arrayed consultant groups from lowest to highest prevalence. Generalized linear models were used to predict antipsychotic prescribing adjusting for resident case-mix and facility characteristics. Observed versus predicted antipsychotic prescribing levels were compared for each consultant group. RESULTS: Seven psychiatric consultant groups served a range of 3-27 study facilities. Overall mean facility-level antipsychotic prescribing was 19.2%. Mean prevalence of antipsychotic prescribing ranged from 12.2% (SD, 5.8) in the lowest consultant group to 26.4% (SD, 3.6) in the highest group. All facilities served by the highest-ranked consultant group had observed antipsychotic levels exceeding the overall study mean with half exceeding predictions for on-label indications, whereas most facilities served by the lowest-ranked consultant group had observed levels below the overall study and predicted means. CONCLUSIONS: Preliminary evidence suggests that psychiatric consultant groups affect NH antipsychotic prescribing independent of resident case-mix and facility characteristics.},
 bibtype = {article},
 author = {Tjia, J and Field, T and Lemay, C and Mazor, K and Pandolfi, M and Spenard, A and Ho, S Y and Kanaan, A and Donovan, J and Gurwitz, J H and Briesacher, B},
 journal = {Medical care},
 number = {3}
}

@article{taylor_all-cause_2013,
	title = {All-cause and cardiovascular mortality in middle-aged people with type 2 diabetes compared with people without diabetes in a large {U}.{K}. primary care database},
	volume = {36},
	issn = {1935-5548},
	doi = {10.2337/dc12-1513},
	abstract = {OBJECTIVE: Middle-aged people with diabetes have been reported to have significantly higher risks of cardiovascular events than people without diabetes. However, recent falls in cardiovascular disease rates and more active management of risk factors may have abolished the increased risk. We aimed to provide an up-to-date assessment of the relative risks associated with type 2 diabetes of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in middle-aged people in the U.K.
RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Using data from the General Practice Research Database, from 2004 to 2010, we conducted a cohort study of 87,098 people, 40-65 years of age at baseline, comparing 21,798 with type 2 diabetes and 65,300 without diabetes, matched on age, sex, and general practice. We produced hazard ratios (HRs) for mortality and compared rates of blood pressure testing, cholesterol monitoring, and use of aspirin, statins, and antihypertensive drugs. RESULTS People with type 2 diabetes, compared with people without diabetes, had a twofold increased risk of all-cause mortality (HR 2.07 [95\% CI 1.95-2.20], adjusted for smoking) and a threefold increased risk of cardiovascular mortality (3.25 [2.87-3.68], adjusted for smoking). Women had a higher relative risk than men, and people {\textless}55 years of age had a higher relative risk than those {\textgreater}55 years of age. Monitoring and medication rates were higher in those with diabetes (all P {\textless} 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS: Despite efforts to manage risk factors, administer effective treatments, and develop new therapies, middle-aged people with type 2 diabetes remain at significantly increased risk of death.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {8},
	journal = {Diabetes Care},
	author = {Taylor, Kathryn S. and Heneghan, Carl J. and Farmer, Andrew J. and Fuller, Alice M. and Adler, Amanda I. and Aronson, Jeffrey K. and Stevens, Richard J.},
	month = aug,
	year = {2013},
	pmid = {23435157},
	pmcid = {PMC3714501},
	keywords = {Adult, Cardiovascular Diseases, Cause of Death, Databases, Factual, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Female, Great Britain, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Risk, Sex Factors},
	pages = {2366--2371}
}

Website  abstract   bibtex   

@article{
 title = {Dynamic data during hypotensive episode improves mortality predictions among patients with sepsis and hypotension.},
 type = {article},
 year = {2013},
 identifiers = {[object Object]},
 keywords = {80 and over,Adult,Aged,Algorithms,Cohort Studies,Comorbidity,Critical Illness,Critical Illness: mortality,Female,Great Britain,Hospital Mortality,Hospital Mortality: trends,Humans,Hypotension,Hypotension: mortality,Intensive Care Units,Male,Middle Aged,Outcome Assessment (Health Care),Predictive Value of Tests,Prognosis,Retrospective Studies,Sepsis,Sepsis: mortality},
 pages = {954-62},
 volume = {41},
 websites = {http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=3609896&tool=pmcentrez&rendertype=abstract},
 month = {4},
 publisher = {NIH Public Access},
 id = {95d7042f-e668-3f25-aeb3-4f00b98dda28},
 created = {2016-03-29T18:26:56.000Z},
 file_attached = {false},
 profile_id = {304786e8-5116-360a-80be-e62833097578},
 group_id = {d7b44578-07c1-3210-ae74-3bcd7f980767},
 last_modified = {2017-03-14T15:45:25.917Z},
 read = {false},
 starred = {false},
 authored = {true},
 confirmed = {true},
 hidden = {false},
 citation_key = {Mayaud_Crit_Care_April_2013},
 source_type = {article},
 private_publication = {false},
 abstract = {OBJECTIVES: To determine if a prediction rule for hospital mortality using dynamic variables in response to treatment of hypotension in patients with sepsis performs better than current models.\n\nDESIGN: Retrospective cohort study.\n\nSETTING: All ICUs at a tertiary care hospital.\n\nPATIENTS: Adult patients admitted to ICUs between 2001 and 2007 of whom 2,113 met inclusion criteria and had sufficient data.\n\nINTERVENTIONS: None.\n\nMEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: We developed a prediction algorithm for hospital mortality in patients with sepsis and hypotension requiring medical intervention using data from the Multiparameter Intelligent Monitoring in Intensive Care II. We extracted 189 candidate variables, including treatments, physiologic variables and laboratory values collected before, during, and after a hypotensive episode. Thirty predictors were identified using a genetic algorithm on a training set (n=1500) and validated with a logistic regression model on an independent validation set (n=613). The final prediction algorithm used included dynamic information and had good discrimination (area under the receiver operating curve=82.0%) and calibration (Hosmer-Lemeshow C statistic=10.43, p=0.06). This model was compared with Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation IV using reclassification indices and was found to be superior with an Net Reclassification Improvement of 0.19 (p<0.001) and an Integrated Discrimination Improvement of 0.09 (p<0.001).\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Hospital mortality predictions based on dynamic variables surrounding a hypotensive event is a new approach to predicting prognosis. A model using these variables has good discrimination and calibration and offers additional predictive prognostic information beyond established ones.},
 bibtype = {article},
 author = {Mayaud, Louis and Lai, Peggy S and Clifford, Gari D and Tarassenko, Lionel and Celi, Leo Anthony and Annane, Djillali},
 journal = {Critical Care Medicine},
 number = {4}
}

Paper  abstract   bibtex   

@article{
 title = {A multi-center retrospective analysis of treatment effects and quality of life in adult patients with cranial ependymomas},
 type = {article},
 year = {2013},
 identifiers = {[object Object]},
 keywords = {Adult,Aged,Brain Neoplasms,Brain Neoplasms: mortality,Brain Neoplasms: pathology,Brain Neoplasms: therapy,Combined Modality Therapy,Cranial Irradiation,Ependymoma,Ependymoma: mortality,Ependymoma: pathology,Ependymoma: therapy,Female,Follow-Up Studies,Humans,Male,Middle Aged,Neurosurgical Procedures,Prognosis,Quality of Life,Retrospective Studies,Survival Rate,Young Adult},
 pages = {319-27},
 volume = {114},
 websites = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23813228},
 month = {9},
 id = {f45c71d6-e421-3cd5-8da7-0d79c822397d},
 created = {2014-04-16T20:14:36.000Z},
 accessed = {2014-04-16},
 file_attached = {true},
 profile_id = {8c4ca2d5-86de-3b5d-86be-8408415f34e0},
 group_id = {a484ae4c-fcac-3c7e-9ac3-3fad0df719a2},
 last_modified = {2014-12-29T21:45:19.000Z},
 read = {true},
 starred = {false},
 authored = {false},
 confirmed = {true},
 hidden = {false},
 abstract = {Long term quality of life data of adult patients harboring intracranial ependymomas have not been reported. The role of adjuvant radiation therapy in Grade II ependymomas is unclear and differs from study to study. We therefore sought to retrospectively analyze outcome and quality of life of adult patients that were operated on intracranial ependymomas at four different surgical centers in two countries. All patients were attempted to be contacted via telephone to assess quality of life (QoL) at the time of the telephone interview. The standard EORTC QoL Questionnaire C30 (EORTC QLQ-C30) and the EORTC QLQ-Brain Cancer Module (QLQ-BN20) were used. 64 adult patients with intracranial ependymomas were included in the study. The only factor that was associated with increased survival was age <55 years (p < 0.001). Supratentorial location was correlated with shorter progression free survival than infratentorial location (PFS; p = 0.048). In WHO Grade II tumors local irradiation did not lead to increased PFS (p = 0.888) or overall survival (p = 0.801). Even for incompletely resected Grade II tumors local irradiation did not lead to a benefit in PFS (p = 0.911). In a multivariate analysis of QoL, irradiated patients had significantly worse scores in the item "fatigue" (p = 0.037) than non-irradiated patients. Here we present QoL data of adult patients with intracranial ependymomas. Our data show that local radiation therapy may have long-term effects on patients' QoL. Since in the incompletely resected Grade II tumors local irradiation did not lead to a benefit in PFS in this retrospective study, prospective randomized studies are necessary. In addition to age, supratentorial tumor location is associated with a worse prognosis in adult ependymoma patients.},
 bibtype = {article},
 author = {Dützmann, Stephan and Schatlo, Bawarjan and Lobrinus, Alexander and Murek, Michael and Wostrack, Maria and Weiss, Carolin and Schaller, Karl and Raabe, Andreas and Meyer, Bernhard and Goldbrunner, Roland and Franz, Kea and Seifert, Volker and Senft, Christian},
 journal = {Journal of Neuro-Oncology},
 number = {3}
}

Paper  doi  abstract   bibtex   

@article{zairi_delayed_2013,
	title = {Delayed hypersensitivity reaction caused by metal-on-metal total disc replacement},
	volume = {19},
	issn = {1547-5646 (Electronic) 1547-5646 (Linking)},
	shorttitle = {Delayed hypersensitivity reaction caused by metal-on-metal total disc replacement},
	url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23829286},
	doi = {10.3171/2013.6.SPINE121010},
	abstract = {The authors report the case of a 53-year-old woman who underwent placement of a metal-on-metal total disc replacement (TDR) device for the treatment of discogenic back pain. The initial postoperative course was normal, but 2 months after surgery she started to complain of a recurrence of pain and she progressively developed cauda equina syndrome. Radiological and biological findings showed an inflammatory polyneuropathy associated with an epidural mass. A diagnosis of cell-mediated hypersensitivity reaction (Type IV) was made after patch testing showed positive reactions for 1\% cobalt chloride and chromium. A decision was made to remove the TDR device and to perform a circumferential fusion. This report is intended to inform the reader that systemic metal release and hypersensitivity reaction are possible complications of metal-on-metal TDR.},
	number = {3},
	journal = {J Neurosurg Spine},
	author = {Zairi, F. and Remacle, J. M. and Allaoui, M. and Assaker, R.},
	month = sep,
	year = {2013},
	keywords = {Female, Humans, Middle Aged, Treatment Outcome, Back Pain/immunology/pathology/surgery, Chromium/*adverse effects/immunology, Cobalt/*adverse effects/immunology, Intervertebral Disc Degeneration/immunology/pathology/surgery, Polyradiculopathy/immunology/pathology/surgery, Prostheses and Implants/*adverse effects, Total Disc Replacement/*adverse effects},
	pages = {389--91}
}

Website  abstract   bibtex   

@article{
 title = {Dedicated orthopedic operating room unit improves operating room efficiency},
 type = {article},
 year = {2013},
 identifiers = {[object Object]},
 keywords = {*Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip,*Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee,*Operating Rooms/og [Organization & Administration,*Process Assessment (Health Care),Aged,Chi-Square Distribution,Comorbidity,Efficiency, Organizational,Female,Humans,Logistic Models,Male,Middle Aged,Operative Time,Propensity Score,Retrospective Studies,Time Management},
 pages = {1066-1071.e2},
 volume = {28},
 websites = {http://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&CSC=Y&NEWS=N&PAGE=fulltext&D=medl&AN=23540542},
 id = {8091b854-98a0-398e-98d0-e184b2c6c718},
 created = {2019-03-19T15:08:10.483Z},
 file_attached = {false},
 profile_id = {59e4d4d9-485f-3c31-ad40-2ced068886ad},
 group_id = {e95745c0-49e9-3434-b20f-63583e8a5d27},
 last_modified = {2019-04-08T15:08:01.163Z},
 read = {true},
 starred = {false},
 authored = {false},
 confirmed = {false},
 hidden = {false},
 source_type = {Journal Article},
 language = {English},
 notes = {Small, Travis J
Gad, Bishoy V
Klika, Alison K
Mounir-Soliman, Loran S
Gerritsen, Ryan L
Barsoum, Wael K
S0883-5403(13)00160-5},
 folder_uuids = {f8a142dd-eb80-496b-b5d6-fb6d3b05d3d1},
 private_publication = {false},
 abstract = {We investigated the effectiveness of dedicated orthopedic operating rooms (OR) on minimizing time spent on perioperative processes to increase OR throughput in total knee and hip arthroplasty procedures. The use of a dedicated orthopedic unit that included 6 ORs with staff allocated only for those ORs was compared to the use of a traditional staffing model. After matching to simulate randomization, each group consisted of 422 procedures. The dedicated orthopedic unit improved average anesthesia controlled time by 4 minutes (P<.001), operative time by 7 minutes (P=.004) and turnover time by 8 minutes (P<.001). An overall improvement of 19 minutes per procedure using the dedicated unit was observed. Utilizing a dedicated orthopedic unit can save time without increasing adverse events.Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.},
 bibtype = {article},
 author = {Small, T J and Gad, B V and Klika, A K and Mounir-Soliman, L S and Gerritsen, R L and Barsoum, W K},
 journal = {Journal of Arthroplasty},
 number = {7}
}

@article{tan_identification_2013,
	title = {Identification of a new cyclovirus in cerebrospinal fluid of patients with acute  central nervous system infections.},
	volume = {4},
	issn = {2150-7511},
	doi = {10.1128/mBio.00231-13},
	abstract = {Acute central nervous system (CNS) infections cause substantial morbidity and mortality, but the etiology remains unknown in a large proportion of cases. We identified and characterized the full genome of a novel cyclovirus (tentatively named cyclovirus-Vietnam [CyCV-VN]) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) specimens of two Vietnamese patients with CNS infections of unknown etiology. CyCV-VN was subsequently detected in 4\% of 642 CSF specimens from Vietnamese patients with suspected CNS infections and none of 122 CSFs from patients with noninfectious neurological disorders. Detection rates were similar in patients with CNS infections of unknown etiology and those in whom other pathogens were detected. A similar detection rate in feces from healthy children suggested food-borne or orofecal transmission routes, while high detection rates in feces from pigs and poultry (average, 58\%) suggested the existence of animal reservoirs for such transmission. Further research is needed to address the epidemiology and pathogenicity of this novel, potentially zoonotic virus.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {3},
	journal = {mBio},
	author = {Tan, Le Van and van Doorn, H. Rogier and Nghia, Ho Dang Trung and Chau, Tran Thi Hong and Tu, Le Thi Phuong and de Vries, Michel and Canuti, Marta and Deijs, Martin and Jebbink, Maarten F. and Baker, Stephen and Bryant, Juliet E. and Tham, Nguyen Thi and BKrong, Nguyen Thi Thuy Chinh and Boni, Maciej F. and Loi, Tran Quoc and Phuong, Le Thi and Verhoeven, Joost T. P. and Crusat, Martin and Jeeninga, Rienk E. and Schultsz, Constance and Chau, Nguyen Van Vinh and Hien, Tran Tinh and van der Hoek, Lia and Farrar, Jeremy and de Jong, Menno D.},
	month = jun,
	year = {2013},
	pmid = {23781068},
	pmcid = {PMC3684831},
	keywords = {Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Animals, Central Nervous System Infections/epidemiology/*virology, Child, Child, Preschool, Circoviridae Infections/epidemiology/*virology, Circoviridae/*classification/genetics/*isolation \& purification, Cluster Analysis, DNA, Viral/chemistry/genetics, Female, Genome, Viral, Humans, Infant, Male, Middle Aged, Molecular Sequence Data, Phylogeny, Prevalence, Prospective Studies, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Vietnam, Young Adult},
	pages = {e00231--00213},
}

@article{theophile_comparison_2013,
	title = {Comparison of three methods (an updated logistic probabilistic method, the {Naranjo} and {Liverpool} algorithms) for the evaluation of routine pharmacovigilance case reports using consensual expert judgement as reference},
	volume = {36},
	issn = {1179-1942},
	doi = {10.1007/s40264-013-0083-1},
	abstract = {BACKGROUND: An updated probabilistic causality assessment method and the Liverpool algorithm presented as an improved version of the Naranjo algorithm, one of the most used and accepted causality assessment methods, have recently been proposed.
OBJECTIVE: In order to test the validity of the probabilistic method in routine pharmacovigilance, results provided by the Naranjo and Liverpool algorithms, as well as the updated probabilistic method, were each compared with a consensual expert judgement taken as reference.
METHODS: A sample of 59 drug-event pairs randomly sampled from spontaneous reports to the French pharmacovigilance system was assessed by expert judgement until reaching consensus and by members of a pharmacovigilance unit using the updated probabilistic method, the Naranjo and Liverpool algorithms. Probabilities given by the probabilistic method, and categories obtained by both the Naranjo and the Liverpool algorithms were compared as well as their sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values.
RESULTS: The median probability for drug causation given by the consensual expert judgement was 0.70 (inter-quartile range, IQR 0.54-0.84) versus 0.77 (IQR 0.54-0.91) for the probabilistic method. For the Naranjo algorithm, the 'possible' causality category was predominant (61 \%), followed by 'probable' (35 \%), 'doubtful', and 'almost certain' categories (2 \% each). Category distribution obtained with the Liverpool algorithm was similar to that obtained by the Naranjo algorithm with a majority of 'possible' (61 \%) and 'probable' (30 \%) followed by 'definite' (7 \%) and 'unlikely' (2 \%). For the probabilistic method, sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values were 0.96, 0.56, 0.92 and 0.71, respectively. For the Naranjo algorithm, depending on whether the 'possible' category was considered in favour or in disfavour of drug causation, sensitivity was, respectively, 1 or 0.42, specificity 0.11 or 0.89, negative predictive value 1 or 0.22 and positive predictive value 0.86 or 0.95; results were identical for the Liverpool algorithm.
CONCLUSION: The logistic probabilistic method gave results closer to the consensual expert judgment than either the Naranjo or Liverpool algorithms whose performance were strongly dependent on the meaning given to the 'possible' category. Owing to its good sensitivity and positive predictive value and by providing results as continuous probabilities, the probabilistic method seems worthy to use for a trustable assessment of adverse drug reactions in routine practice.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {10},
	journal = {Drug Safety},
	author = {Théophile, Hélène and André, Manon and Miremont-Salamé, Ghada and Arimone, Yannick and Bégaud, Bernard},
	month = oct,
	year = {2013},
	pmid = {23828659},
	keywords = {Adolescent, Adult, Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting Systems, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Algorithms, Child, Preschool, Consensus, Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions, Expert Testimony, Female, France, Humans, Infant, Judgment, Logistic Models, Male, Middle Aged, Pharmaceutical Preparations, Pharmacovigilance, Sensitivity and Specificity},
	pages = {1033--1044}
}

@article{jameson_impact_2013,
	title = {Impact of lipid-lowering therapy on the prevalence of dyslipidaemia in patients at high-risk of cardiovascular events in {UK} primary care - a retrospective database study},
	volume = {67},
	issn = {1742-1241},
	doi = {10.1111/ijcp.12238},
	abstract = {AIMS: To estimate the prevalence of dyslipidaemias in high-risk patients new to lipid-modifying therapy (LMT), and establish the extent to which these lipid abnormalities are addressed by treatment in UK clinical practice.
METHODS: The PRIMULA study was a retrospective analysis, conducted using the UK General Practice Research Database. Two periods were studied as follows: a pretreatment period, defined as the 12 months before initiation of LMT (the index date), and a follow-up period of at least 12 months. Patients included in the study (n = 25,011) had dyslipidaemia with at least one abnormal lipid measurement [total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) or triglycerides (TG)] in the pretreatment period. All patients were at high risk of cardiovascular events, which was defined as having a history of cardiovascular disease, a 10-year Framingham risk score higher than 20\%, diabetes or hypertension, as defined by the Joint British Societies 2 guidelines.
RESULTS: At the index date, 98\% of patients were initiated on statin monotherapy. After 12 months of treatment, 15.2\% (sub-group range: 11.0-22.9\%) of all high-risk patients had no lipid abnormalities. The proportions of patients with high TC or LDL-C levels decreased from 98.8\% to 68.9\%, and from 99.2\% to 68.7\%, respectively, over 12 months. The prevalence of high TG levels decreased from 45.0\% to 26.9\%, whereas that of low HDL-C levels increased, from 16.6\% to 18.0\%. Risk factors for cardiovascular events were not consistently associated with the likelihood of attaining optimal lipid levels.
CONCLUSIONS: Despite widespread use of statins, many individuals at high risk of cardiovascular events have persistently abnormal lipid levels, with over two-thirds of patients not achieving target levels of LDL-C or TC. Management of dyslipidaemia is therefore suboptimal in this important high-risk group in UK standard practice.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {12},
	journal = {International Journal of Clinical Practice},
	author = {Jameson, K. and Amber, V. and D'Oca, K. and Mills, D. and Giles, A. and Ambegaonkar, B.},
	month = dec,
	year = {2013},
	pmid = {23944233},
	pmcid = {PMC4232237},
	keywords = {Adult, Aged, Cardiovascular Diseases, Cholesterol, HDL, Cholesterol, LDL, Cross-Sectional Studies, Dyslipidemias, Female, Great Britain, Humans, Hypolipidemic Agents, Male, Middle Aged, Prevalence, Retrospective Studies, Risk Factors},
	pages = {1228--1237}
}

@article{zhao_efficacy_2013,
	title = {Efficacy of extracorporeal shockwave therapy for knee osteoarthritis: a randomized controlled trial},
	volume = {185},
	issn = {1095-8673},
	shorttitle = {Efficacy of extracorporeal shockwave therapy for knee osteoarthritis},
	doi = {10.1016/j.jss.2013.07.004},
	abstract = {BACKGROUND: Extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) has been widely used for pain relief and treatment of musculoskeletal disorders. We aimed to assess ESWT for knee osteoarthritis (OA) over 12 wk by comparison with placebo treatment.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: We randomized 70 patients to receive placebo (n = 36) or ESWT (n = 34). For ESWT, patients received 4000 pulses of shockwave at 0.25 mJ/mm(2) weekly for 4 wk. In the placebo group, patients received shockwave at 0 mJ/mm(2) in the same area. The effect on OA was assessed by pain on a visual analog scale and disability on the Lequesne index, Western Ontario and McMaster University Osteoarthritis Index, and patient perception of the clinical severity of OA. Evaluation was performed at baseline and after 1, 4, and 12 wk.
RESULTS: We found no adverse events during and after ESWT. ESWT was more effective than placebo in reducing pain on movement at each period (P {\textless} 0.01). The mean visual analog scale score with ESWT was 3.83 at 12 wk versus 7.56 at baseline (P {\textless} 0.01). The Lequesne index and the Western Ontario and McMaster University Osteoarthritis Index score were reduced with ESWT. Moreover, patient perception of clinical severity of OA was significantly greater with ESWT than that with placebo (P {\textless} 0.01).
CONCLUSIONS: ESWT is effective in reducing pain and improving knee function, with better results than placebo during the 12-wk treatment. However, further pilot studies are needed to determine whether ESWT should be recommended at an early or later stage of OA or combined with conventional therapies.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {2},
	journal = {The Journal of Surgical Research},
	author = {Zhao, Zhe and Jing, Rufang and Shi, Zhan and Zhao, Bin and Ai, Quan and Xing, Gengyan},
	month = dec,
	year = {2013},
	pmid = {23953895},
	keywords = {Aged, Arthralgia, Extracorporeal shockwave therapy, Female, High-Energy Shock Waves, Humans, Knee, Knee Joint, Male, Middle Aged, Osteoarthritis, Osteoarthritis, Knee, Placebos, Prospective Studies, Recovery of Function, Rehabilitation, Single-Blind Method, Treatment Outcome},
	pages = {661--666}
}

@article{ganten_role_2013,
	title = {The role of perfusion effects in monitoring of chemoradiotherapy of rectal carcinoma using diffusion-weighted imaging},
	volume = {13},
	issn = {1470-7330},
	doi = {10.1102/1470-7330.2013.0045},
	abstract = {PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to characterize and understand the therapy-induced changes in diffusion parameters in rectal carcinoma under chemoradiotherapy (CRT). The current literature shows conflicting results in this regard. We applied the intravoxel incoherent motion model, which allows for the differentiation between diffusion (D) and perfusion (f) effects, to further elucidate potential underlying causes for these divergent reports.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Eighteen patients with primary rectal carcinoma undergoing preoperative CRT were examined before, during, and after neoadjuvant CRT using diffusion-weighted imaging. Using the intravoxel incoherent motion approach, f and D were extracted and compared with postoperative tumor downstaging and volume.
RESULTS: Initial diffusion-derived parameters were within a narrow range (D1 = 0.94 ± 0.12 × 10(-3) mm(2)/s). At follow-up, D rose significantly (D2 = 1.18 ± 0.13 × 10(-3) mm(2)/s; P {\textless} 0.0001) and continued to increase significantly after CRT (D3 = 1.24 ± 0.14 × 10(-3) mm(2)/s; P {\textless} 0.0001). The perfusion fraction f did not change significantly (f1 = 9.4 ± 2.0\%, f2 = 9.4 ± 1.7\%, f3 = 9.5 ± 2.7\%). Mean volume (V) decreased significantly (V1 = 16,992 ± 13,083 mm(3); V2 = 12,793 ± 8317 mm(3), V3 = 9718 ± 6154 mm(3)). T-downstaging (10:18 patients) showed no significant correlation with diffusion-derived parameters.
CONCLUSIONS: Conflicting results in the literature considering apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) changes in rectal carcinoma under CRT for patients showing T-downstaging are unlikely to be due to perfusion effects. Our data support the view that under effective therapy, an increase in D/ADC can be observed.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {4},
	journal = {Cancer Imaging: The Official Publication of the International Cancer Imaging Society},
	author = {Ganten, Maria-Katharina and Schuessler, Maximilian and Bäuerle, Tobias and Muenter, Marc and Schlemmer, Heinz-Peter and Jensen, Alexandra and Brand, Karsten and Dueck, Margret and Dinkel, Julien and Kopp-Schneider, Annette and Maier-Hein*, Klaus and Stieltjes, Bram},
	year = {2013},
	keywords = {Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Chemoradiotherapy, Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Rectal Neoplasms, Tumor Burden},
	pages = {548--556}
}

@article{walker_risk_2013,
	title = {Risk of uterine cancer in symptomatic women in primary care: case-control study using electronic records},
	volume = {63},
	issn = {1478-5242},
	shorttitle = {Risk of uterine cancer in symptomatic women in primary care},
	doi = {10.3399/bjgp13X671632},
	abstract = {BACKGROUND: Uterine cancer is the fourth most common cancer in women in the UK, with approximately 7700 new diagnoses and 1700 deaths annually.
AIM: To identify and quantify features of uterine cancer in primary care.
DESIGN AND SETTING: Case-control study using electronic primary care records in primary care in the UK.
METHOD: Putative features of uterine cancer were identified in the year before diagnosis, and odds ratios (ORs) calculated using conditional logistic regression. Positive predictive values (PPVs) were calculated for women who consulted.
RESULTS: A total of 2732 women aged ≥40 years with uterine cancer between 2000 and 2009, and 9537 age-, sex- and practice-matched controls were selected from the General Practice Research Database. The median age at diagnosis was 67 years. Nine features were significantly associated with uterine cancer: postmenopausal bleeding (OR = 160; 95\% confidence interval [CI] = 100 to 240), excessive vaginal bleeding (OR = 22; 95\% CI = 12 to 42), irregular menstruation (OR = 42; 95\% CI = 27 to -63), vaginal discharge (OR = 14; 95\% CI = 10 to 21), haematuria (OR = 8.7; 95\% CI = 5.0 to 15), abdominal pain (OR = 2.0; 95\% CI = 1.4 to 2.8), low haemoglobin (OR = 2.1; 95\% CI = 1.5 to 2.9), raised platelets (OR = 1.5; 95\% CI = 1.0 to 2.3), and raised glucose (OR = 1.4; 95\% CI = 1.1 to 1.8); all P{\textless}0.01, other than raised platelets, P = 0.05 and raised glucose, P = 0.02. In the year before diagnosis, 1725 (63\%) cases had a record of abnormal vaginal bleeding compared to 135 (1\%) controls. The PPV of uterine cancer with postmenopausal bleeding was 4\%, and was higher in women with multiple or repeated symptoms.
CONCLUSION: This study confirms the importance of several features, particularly postmenopausal bleeding, for uterine cancer. Haematuria is an important risk marker. The results of this study may inform GPs in the selection of women for investigation and should assist the NICE in their update of GP referral guidance.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {614},
	journal = {The British Journal of General Practice: The Journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners},
	author = {Walker, Sarah and Hyde, Chris and Hamilton, William},
	month = sep,
	year = {2013},
	pmid = {23998845},
	pmcid = {PMC3750804},
	keywords = {Adult, Aged, Case-Control Studies, Early Detection of Cancer, Electronic Health Records, Female, Humans, Middle Aged, Patient Acceptance of Health Care, Risk Assessment, Uterine Hemorrhage, Uterine Neoplasms, Vaginal Discharge},
	pages = {e643--648}
}

Paper  doi  abstract   bibtex   

@article{narducci_benefit_2013,
	title = {Benefit of robot-assisted laparoscopy in nerve-sparing radical hysterectomy: urinary morbidity in early cervical cancer},
	volume = {27},
	issn = {1432-2218 (Electronic) 0930-2794 (Linking)},
	shorttitle = {Benefit of robot-assisted laparoscopy in nerve-sparing radical hysterectomy: urinary morbidity in early cervical cancer},
	url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23076460},
	doi = {10.1007/s00464-012-2582-z},
	abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the feasibility of nerve-sparing radical hysterectomy in early cervical cancer by robot-assisted laparoscopy and atonic bladder rate. METHODS: This was a retrospective study with consecutive patients in three gynecological oncology departments. Patients with {\textless}2 cm cervical cancer had nerve-sparing radical hysterectomy by robot-assisted laparoscopy and pelvic lymphadenectomy. Two days after surgery, we systematically removed the Foley bladder catheter. RESULTS: The median (range) age and body mass index of the 30 patients were 44 (33-68) years and 23.9 (17.7-39.4) kg/m(2), respectively. The median (range) tumor diameter at the time of surgery was 13 (4-38) mm. The median (range) operative time, blood loss, and number of pelvic lymph nodes (any common iliac lymph nodes) were 305 (180-405) min, 100 (30-1,500) ml, and 18 (7-28). The overall complication rate was 52.3 \%, of which 6.7 \% atonic bladder. Twenty-eight patients (93.3 \%) were discharged 2 days after surgery with spontaneous voiding and no residual urine {\textgreater}100 ml. CONCLUSIONS: Nerve-sparing radical hysterectomy by robot-assisted laparoscopy is feasible in early cervical cancer ({\textless}2 cm). A total of 93.3 \% of the patients were discharged 2 days after surgery with spontaneous voiding. The next step would be a prospective study with objective urodynamic investigations.},
	number = {4},
	journal = {Surg Endosc},
	author = {Narducci, F. and Collinet, P. and Merlot, B. and Lambaudie, E. and Boulanger, L. and Lefebvre-Kuntz, D. and Nickers, P. and Taieb, S. and Houvenaeghel, G. and Leblanc, E.},
	month = apr,
	year = {2013},
	keywords = {Adult, Aged, Female, Humans, Middle Aged, Retrospective Studies, Feasibility Studies, Laparoscopy/*methods, *Robotics, Hysterectomy/*methods, Organ Sparing Treatments, Urination Disorders/*epidemiology, Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/pathology/*surgery},
	pages = {1237--42}
}

@article{chopra_factors_2013,
	title = {Factors associated with primary hip arthroplasty after hip fracture},
	volume = {19},
	issn = {1936-2692},
	abstract = {OBJECTIVES: To determine patient, clinical, and hospital factors associated with receiving total hip arthroplasty (THA) and hemiarthroplasty (HA) in the United States.
STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective, cross-sectional study.
METHODS: Hospital discharge records with a principal diagnosis of hip fracture and primary hip arthroplasty or no surgery were identified from the 2009 Nationwide Inpatient Sample data set of the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project. Patient (age, sex, race, income, payer), clinical (comorbidities, severity, fracture type), hospital (region, location, teaching status, bed size, ownership), and outcome (receipt of THA or HA) variables were extracted and weighted for the analyses. Univariate and multivariate analysis were conducted and significance was set at P {\textless} .05.
RESULTS: A total of 92,861, 15,489, and 9863 discharges occurred for HA, no surgery, and THA, respectively. Compared with no surgery, THA or HA was significantly more likely in patients who were aged {\textgreater} 50 years, white, and female; had {\textgreater} \$39,000 income; lived in a medium-metro or noncore county; had comorbidities (anemia, hypertension); and had intracapsular fracture. THA or HA was significantly more likely in urban, privately owned hospitals with {\textgreater} 249 beds. Compared with no surgery, THA was significantly more likely in nonteaching hospitals, the Northeast region, and in private insurance or self-pay patients with moderate to severe fractures; HA was more likely in teaching hospitals, in the South and West, and in Medicare patients with minor fractures.
CONCLUSIONS: Similarities and differences in patient, clinical, and hospital factors associated with surgical treatments of hip fracture warrant the attention of providers and payers.},
	language = {ENG},
	number = {3},
	journal = {The American Journal of Managed Care},
	author = {Chopra, Ishveen and Kamal, Kahlid M. and Sankaranarayanan, Jayashri and Kanyongo, Gibbs},
	month = mar,
	year = {2013},
	keywords = {Age Factors, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip, Comorbidity, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Retrospective Studies, Sex Factors, Socioeconomic Factors, United States, hip fractures},
	pages = {e74--84}
}

Website  abstract   bibtex   

@article{
 title = {Quantitative evaluation of white matter tract DTI parameter changes in gliomas using nonlinear registration.},
 type = {article},
 year = {2012},
 identifiers = {[object Object]},
 keywords = {Adult,Anisotropy,Brain Mapping,Brain Mapping: methods,Brain Neoplasms,Brain Neoplasms: pathology,Computer-Assisted,Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging,Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging: methods,Female,Glioma,Glioma: pathology,Humans,Image Interpretation,Male,Middle Aged},
 pages = {2309-15},
 volume = {60},
 websites = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22387173},
 month = {5},
 day = {1},
 id = {52c453a0-39cf-3063-98b2-f969182bb93f},
 created = {2014-02-21T01:56:21.000Z},
 accessed = {2014-01-28},
 file_attached = {false},
 profile_id = {c9197201-0e1b-30a7-a154-39d024463beb},
 last_modified = {2017-03-16T10:25:05.903Z},
 read = {false},
 starred = {false},
 authored = {true},
 confirmed = {true},
 hidden = {false},
 abstract = {Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) has been used extensively to investigate white matter architecture in the brain. In the context of neurological disease, quantification of DTI data sets enables objective characterisation of the associated pathological changes. The aim of this study is to propose a method of evaluating DTI parameter changes in gliomas in the internal capsule using nonlinear registration to delineate the white matter and enable quantitative assessment of DTI derived parameters. 20 patients selected pre-operatively with probable grade 2 or grade 3 glioma on structural MRI along with ten normal volunteers were included in this study. DTI fractional anisotropy (FA) maps were used to define a common segmented FA skeleton that was projected back onto the original individual FA maps. Objective segment classification as normal or abnormal was achieved by comparison to prediction intervals of FA and mean diffusivity (MD) defined in normal subjects. The internal capsules of each patient were segmented into 10 regions of interest (ROI) with 20 and 16 segments across the group having significantly increased or decreased FA and MD values respectively. Seven glioma patients had abnormal DTI parameters in the internal capsule. We show that the classification of tract segments was consistent with disruption, oedema or compression. The results suggest that this method could be used to detect changes in eloquent white matter tracts in individual patients.},
 bibtype = {article},
 author = {Miller, P and Coope, D and Thompson, G and Jackson, A and Herholz, K},
 journal = {NeuroImage},
 number = {4}
}

Paper  doi  abstract   bibtex   

@article{timpka_performance_2012,
	title = {Performance in physical education and health impairment 30 years later - {A} community based cohort study.},
	volume = {7},
	issn = {1932-6203 1932-6203},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0035718},
	doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0035718},
	abstract = {OBJECTIVE: A main purpose of physical education (PE) in school is to promote future health. However, there is very limited evidence of the effects of PE on the adult health. We hypothesized that a low performance in PE was associated with an increased risk of health impairment by middle age. METHODS: We performed  a cohort study in a community-based setting in Sweden spanning over three decades. We followed up on 1712 of 2225 students (76.9\%) who in 1974-1976 graduated with a grade in PE after 9 years of education (mean subject age 16 years). The grade in PE (compulsory subject) was retrieved from municipal archives. We defined three proxies for health impairment: total number of visits  to primary care physicians in 2003-2007, having been hospitalized 2003-2007, and  total number of days with sick leave in 2004-2007. Using binomial regression models, we adjusted the risk estimates for level of education and occupation. Subjects with an average grade in PE served as reference category. RESULTS: In both the crude and adjusted model, women with a low grade in PE had more physician visits (adjusted IRR 1.30, 95\% confidence interval 1.06-1.60) and an increased number of days with sick leave (adjusted IRR 1.44, 1.05-1.95). An increased, although not significant, risk was also observed for having received in-patient care (adjusted RR 1.26; 0.88-1.80). No significant results or similar  pattern were observed in men. CONCLUSION: Women with a low grade in PE in adolescence seem to have an increased risk of health impairment by middle age, raising the question of early primary prevention towards these students in particular.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {4},
	journal = {PloS one},
	author = {Timpka, Simon and Petersson, Ingemar F. and Rylance, Rebecca and Kedza, Ljuba and Englund, Martin},
	year = {2012},
	pmid = {22539996},
	pmcid = {PMC3335085},
	keywords = {*Health Status, *Physical Education and Training, Cohort Studies, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Male, Middle Aged},
	pages = {e35718},
}

Paper  doi  abstract   bibtex   

@article{guermazi_prevalence_2012,
	title = {Prevalence of abnormalities in knees detected by {MRI} in adults without knee osteoarthritis: {Population} based observational study ({Framingham} {Osteoarthritis} {Study}).},
	volume = {345},
	issn = {1756-1833 0959-535X},
	url = {http://www.bmj.com/content/345/bmj.e5339},
	doi = {10.1136/bmj.e5339},
	abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To examine use of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of knees with no radiographic evidence of osteoarthritis to determine the prevalence of structural lesions associated with osteoarthritis and their relation to age, sex, and obesity. DESIGN: Population based observational study. SETTING: Community cohort  in Framingham, MA, United States (Framingham osteoarthritis study). PARTICIPANTS: 710 people aged {\textgreater}50 who had no radiographic evidence of knee osteoarthritis (Kellgren-Lawrence grade 0) and who underwent MRI of the knee. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Prevalence of MRI findings that are suggestive of knee osteoarthritis (osteophytes, cartilage damage, bone marrow lesions, subchondral cysts, meniscal  lesions, synovitis, attrition, and ligamentous lesions) in all participants and after stratification by age, sex, body mass index (BMI), and the presence or absence of knee pain. Pain was assessed by three different questions and also by  WOMAC questionnaire. RESULTS: Of the 710 participants, 393 (55\%) were women, 660  (93\%) were white, and 206 (29\%) had knee pain in the past month. The mean age was 62.3 years and mean BMI was 27.9. Prevalence of "any abnormality" was 89\% (631/710) overall. Osteophytes were the most common abnormality among all participants (74\%, 524/710), followed by cartilage damage (69\%, 492/710) and bone marrow lesions (52\%, 371/710). The higher the age, the higher the prevalence of all types of abnormalities detectable by MRI. There were no significant differences in the prevalence of any of the features between BMI groups. The prevalence of at least one type of pathology ("any abnormality") was high in both painful (90-97\%, depending on pain definition) and painless (86-88\%) knees. CONCLUSIONS: MRI shows lesions in the tibiofemoral joint in most middle aged and  elderly people in whom knee radiographs do not show any features of osteoarthritis, regardless of pain.},
	language = {eng},
	journal = {BMJ (Clinical research ed.)},
	author = {Guermazi, Ali and Niu, Jingbo and Hayashi, Daichi and Roemer, Frank W. and Englund, Martin and Neogi, Tuhina and Aliabadi, Piran and McLennan, Christine E. and Felson, David T.},
	year = {2012},
	pmid = {22932918},
	pmcid = {PMC3430365},
	keywords = {*Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Adult, Age Distribution, Aged, Body Mass Index, Bone Cysts, Bone Cysts/*pathology, Bone Marrow, Bone Marrow/abnormalities, Cartilage, Cohort Studies, Female, Humans, Knee, Knee/*abnormalities, Ligaments, Articular/abnormalities, Ligaments,Articular, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Massachusetts, Massachusetts/epidemiology, Medicine, Menisci, Tibial/abnormalities, Menisci,Tibial, Middle Aged, Obesity, Obesity/complications, Osteoarthritis, Osteoarthritis, Knee/diagnosis, Osteoarthritis,Knee, Osteophyte, Osteophyte/pathology, Pain, Pain Measurement, Patella, Patella/*abnormalities, Population, Predictive Value of Tests, Prevalence, Research, Risk Factors, Sensitivity and Specificity, Sex, Sex Distribution, Synovitis, Synovitis/pathology, United States, abnormalities, complications, diagnosis, epidemiology, pathology},
	pages = {e5339},
}

@article{looker_lumbar_2012-1,
	title = {Lumbar spine and proximal femur bone mineral density, bone mineral content, and bone area: {United} {States}, 2005-2008},
	issn = {0083-1980},
	shorttitle = {Lumbar spine and proximal femur bone mineral density, bone mineral content, and bone area},
	abstract = {OBJECTIVE: This report presents bone measurement data from dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scans of the lumbar spine and proximal femur for persons aged 8 years and over from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2005-2008.
METHODS: Means, standard deviations, and selected percentiles were calculated for the proximal femur and lumbar spine (total and subregions) by sex, race and ethnicity, and age. Smoothed mean total lumbar spine and femur neck bone mineral density (BMD) were plotted by age, sex, and race and ethnicity. Multiple regression was used to test for significant interactions and to calculate mean total lumbar spine and femur neck BMD after adjusting for age, sex, and race and ethnicity. Differences by sex, race and ethnicity, and age were summarized by calculating the percent difference in adjusted means.
RESULTS: Among scanned individuals, 11\% lacked total lumbar spine data due to invalid data for one or more lumbar vertebrae, and 4\% had invalid data for the proximal femur. Non-Hispanic black persons had 6\% higher total lumbar spine BMD and 9\%-10\% higher femur neck BMD than non-Hispanic white persons. Mean total lumbar spine BMD and femur neck BMD did not differ between Mexican-American and non-Hispanic white persons in those under age 20. For those aged 20 and over, Mexican-American persons had 4\% lower total lumbar spine BMD but 1\% higher femur neck BMD than non-Hispanic white persons. Mean total lumbar spine BMD was 8\%-17\% higher in females aged 8-15 compared with males of the same age. In the age group 16-49, mean total lumbar spine BMD was similar or slightly higher for females compared with males, but after age 50 it was 60\%-15\% lower for females compared with males. Mean femur neck BMD was 5\%-13\% lower for females than males in all age groups except 12-15.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {251},
	journal = {Vital and Health Statistics. Series 11, Data from the National Health Survey},
	author = {Looker, Anne C. and Borrud, Lori G. and Hughes, Jeffery P. and Fan, Bo and Shepherd, John A. and Melton, L. Joseph},
	month = mar,
	year = {2012},
	pmid = {24261130},
	keywords = {Absorptiometry, Photon, Adolescent, Adult, Age Factors, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Bone Density, Child, Ethnic Groups, Female, Femur, Humans, Lumbar Vertebrae, Male, Middle Aged, Nutrition Surveys, Regression Analysis, Sex Factors, United States, Young Adult},
	pages = {1--132}
}

@article{spoendlin_study_2012,
	title = {A study on the epidemiology of rosacea in the {U}.{K}},
	volume = {167},
	issn = {1365-2133},
	doi = {10.1111/j.1365-2133.2012.11037.x},
	abstract = {BACKGROUND: Rosacea is a chronic facial skin disease of unclear origin. Epidemiological data are scarce and controversial, with reported prevalences ranging from 0·09\% to 22\%. To our knowledge, incidence rates have not been quantified before.
OBJECTIVES: In this observational study we quantified incidence rates of diagnosed rosacea in the U.K. and described demographic characteristics and the prevalence of ocular symptoms in patients with rosacea. We compared lifestyle factors such as smoking and alcohol consumption between patients with rosacea and controls.
METHODS: Using the U.K.-based General Practice Research Database, we identified patients with an incident diagnosis of rosacea between 1995 and 2009 and matched them (1:1) to rosacea-free control patients. We assessed person-time of all patients at risk and assessed incidence rates of rosacea, stratified by age, sex, year of diagnosis and region.
RESULTS: We identified 60,042 rosacea cases and 60,042 controls (61·5\% women). The overall incidence rate for diagnosed rosacea in the U.K. was 1·65 per 1000 person-years. Rosacea was diagnosed in some 80\% of cases after the age of 30 years. Ocular symptoms were recorded in 20·8\% of cases at the index date. We observed a significantly reduced relative risk of developing rosacea among current smokers (odds ratio 0·64, 95\% confidence interval 0·62-0·67). Alcohol consumption was associated with a marginal risk increase.
CONCLUSIONS: We quantified incidence rates and characteristics of patients with rosacea diagnosed in clinical practice in a large epidemiological study using primary care data from the U.K. Smoking was associated with a substantially reduced risk of developing rosacea.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {3},
	journal = {The British Journal of Dermatology},
	author = {Spoendlin, J. and Voegel, J. J. and Jick, S. S. and Meier, C. R.},
	month = sep,
	year = {2012},
	pmid = {22564022},
	keywords = {Adolescent, Adult, Age Distribution, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Alcohol Drinking, Child, Child, Preschool, Diagnosis, Differential, Epidemiologic Methods, Female, Great Britain, Humans, Infant, Life Style, Male, Middle Aged, Rosacea, Smoking, Young Adult, incidence},
	pages = {598--605}
}

@article{kimura_clinical_2012,
	title = {Clinical characteristics of patients with remitting seronegative symmetrical synovitis with pitting edema compared to patients with pure polymyalgia rheumatica},
	volume = {39},
	issn = {0315-162X},
	doi = {10.3899/jrheum.110558},
	abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To compare clinical features of patients with remitting seronegative symmetrical synovitis with pitting edema (RS3PE) and patients with polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) and to explore the purported association between RS3PE and malignancy.
METHODS: We did a retrospective chart review of patients with RS3PE and PMR treated in a community-based hospital between January 2000 and December 2009. Outcomes assessed were clinical course of disease and associated malignancies.
RESULTS: We identified 28 patients with RS3PE and 123 with pure PMR. All patients with RS3PE fulfilled PMR criteria as well. Age, comorbidity, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, duration and progression of symptoms, treatment response to initial low-dose steroids, and steroid complication rates were similar in both groups. Patients with RS3PE were more likely to be male (79\% vs 41\%; p = 0.001) and to have a history of smoking (39\% vs 15\%; p = 0.008) and a higher rate of depression (11\% vs 2\%; p = 0.044) at diagnosis. Among those with RS3PE, hip pain was less common (39\% vs 74\%; p = 0.001) than in the PMR group. No patients with RS3PE and 6 patients with pure PMR (4.9\%) developed another rheumatological disease during followup. Seven of 9 patients (78\%) with concurrent cancer presented slightly more frequently with systemic symptoms compared to patients without cancer (48\%; p = 0.098), especially with fatigue (56\% vs 22\%; p = 0.037) and anorexia (33\% vs 9.0\%; p = 0.047). Despite rigorous cancer screening in patients with RS3PE, however, the rate of associated malignancy was not statistically different from that of patients with pure PMR [2 (7\%) vs 7 (6\%), respectively; p = 0.673].
CONCLUSION: Despite evidence that RS3PE is clinically distinct from PMR, we observed characteristics, treatment response, and outcomes like those expected in pure PMR. Compared to patients with pure PMR, patients with RS3PE are more likely to be male, to be depressed, and to smoke. Contrary to earlier studies, no clear association of RS3PE with malignancy was found despite rigorous cancer screening, although clinicians should be aware that patients with concurrent cancer may manifest more systemic signs and symptoms, as well as steroid resistance.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {1},
	journal = {The Journal of Rheumatology},
	author = {Kimura, Makiko and Tokuda, Yasuharu and Oshiawa, Hideto and Yoshida, Kazuki and Utsunomiya, Masako and Kobayashi, Tatsuo and Deshpande, Gautam A. and Matsui, Kazuo and Kishimoto, Mitsumasa},
	month = jan,
	year = {2012},
	pmid = {22174210},
	keywords = {Adrenal Cortex Hormones, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal, Diagnosis, Differential, Disease Progression, Edema, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Neoplasms, Polymyalgia Rheumatica, Retrospective Studies, Synovitis},
	pages = {148--153}
}

@article{oconnor_combinatorial_2012,
	title = {Combinatorial pharmacogenetic interactions of bucindolol and β1, α2C adrenergic receptor polymorphisms},
	volume = {7},
	issn = {1932-6203},
	doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0044324},
	abstract = {BACKGROUND: Pharmacogenetics involves complex interactions of gene products affecting pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics, but there is little information on the interaction of multiple genetic modifiers of drug response. Bucindolol is a β-blocker/sympatholytic agent whose efficacy is modulated by polymorphisms in the primary target (β(1) adrenergic receptor [AR] Arg389 Gly on cardiac myocytes) and a secondary target modifier (α(2C) AR Ins [wild-type (Wt)] 322-325 deletion [Del] on cardiac adrenergic neurons). The major allele homozygotes and minor allele carriers of each polymorphism are respectively associated with efficacy enhancement and loss, creating the possibility for genotype combination interactions that can be measured by clinical trial methodology.
METHODOLOGY: In a 1,040 patient substudy of a bucindolol vs. placebo heart failure clinical trial, we tested the hypothesis that combinations of β(1)389 and α(2C)322-325 polymorphisms are additive for both efficacy enhancement and loss. Additionally, norepinephrine (NE) affinity for β(1)389 AR variants was measured in human explanted left ventricles.
PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: The combination of β(1)389 Arg+α(2C)322-325 Wt major allele homozygotes (47\% of the trial population) was non-additive for efficacy enhancement across six clinical endpoints, with an average efficacy increase of 1.70-fold vs. 2.32-fold in β(1)389 Arg homozygotes+α(2C)322-325 Del minor allele carriers. In contrast, the minor allele carrier combination (13\% subset) exhibited additive efficacy loss. These disparate effects are likely due to the higher proportion (42\% vs. 8.7\%, P = 0.009) of high-affinity NE binding sites in β(1)389 Arg vs. Gly ARs, which converts α(2C)Del minor allele-associated NE lowering from a therapeutic liability to a benefit.
CONCLUSIONS: On combination, the two sets of AR polymorphisms 1) influenced bucindolol efficacy seemingly unpredictably but consistent with their pharmacologic interactions, and 2) identified subpopulations with enhanced (β(1)389 Arg homozygotes), intermediate (β(1)389 Gly carriers+α(2C)322-325 Wt homozygotes), and no (β(1)389 Gly carriers+α(2C)322-325 Del carriers) efficacy.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {10},
	journal = {PloS One},
	author = {O'Connor, Christopher M. and Fiuzat, Mona and Carson, Peter E. and Anand, Inder S. and Plehn, Jonathan F. and Gottlieb, Stephen S. and Silver, Marc A. and Lindenfeld, JoAnn and Miller, Alan B. and White, Michel and Walsh, Ryan and Nelson, Penny and Medway, Allen and Davis, Gordon and Robertson, Alastair D. and Port, J. David and Carr, James and Murphy, Guinevere A. and Lazzeroni, Laura C. and Abraham, William T. and Liggett, Stephen B. and Bristow, Michael R.},
	year = {2012},
	pmid = {23071495},
	pmcid = {PMC3468617},
	keywords = {Adrenergic beta-Antagonists, Adult, Aged, Female, Heart Failure, Heart Ventricles, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Norepinephrine, Pharmacogenetics, Polymorphism, Genetic, Propanolamines, Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha-2, Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-1},
	pages = {e44324}
}

@article{ tapia_recollection_2012,
  title = {Recollection of negative information in posttraumatic stress disorder},
  volume = {25},
  issn = {1573-6598},
  doi = {10.1002/jts.21659},
  abstract = {The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of posttraumatic stress disorder ({PTSD}) associated with the effects of emotional valence on recall processes in recognition memory. Patients suffering from {PTSD} (n = 15) were compared with 15 nontraumatized patients with anxious and depressive symptoms and with 15 nontraumatized controls on the remember/know paradigm using negative, positive, and neutral words. The {PTSD} group remembered more negative words than the nontraumatized controls, F(1, 42) = 7.20, p = .01, but there was no difference between those with {PTSD} and those with anxiety or depression, F(1, 42) = 2.93, p = .09, or between the latter and controls, F(1, 42) {\textless} 1. This study did not allow us to determine whether this recollection bias for negative information was specific to the {PTSD} status or was triggered by the greater level of anxiety displayed in this group.},
  language = {eng},
  number = {1},
  journal = {Journal of Traumatic Stress},
  author = {Tapia, Géraldine and Clarys, David and Bugaiska, Aurélia and El-Hage, Wissam},
  month = {February},
  year = {2012},
  pmid = {22278745},
  keywords = {Adolescent, Adult, Female, Humans, Interviews as Topic, Male, Mental Recall, Middle Aged, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic, Terminology as Topic, Young Adult},
  pages = {120--123}
}

Paper  doi  abstract   bibtex   

@article{wenger_relationship_2012,
	title = {Relationship of {3D} meniscal morphology and position with knee pain in subjects with knee osteoarthritis: {A} pilot study.},
	volume = {22},
	issn = {1432-1084 0938-7994},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007%2Fs00330-011-2234-z},
	doi = {10.1007/s00330-011-2234-z},
	abstract = {OBJECTIVES: To explore whether quantitative, three-dimensional measurements of meniscal position and size are associated with knee pain using a within-person, between-knee study design. METHODS: We studied 53 subjects (19 men, 34 women) from the Osteoarthritis Initiative, with identical radiographic OA grades in both knees, but frequent pain in one and no pain in the other knee. The tibial plateau and menisci were analyzed using coronally reconstructed double echo steady-state  sequence with water excitation (DESSwe) MRI. RESULTS: The medial meniscus covered a smaller proportion of the tibial plateau (-5\%) and displayed greater extrusion  of the body (+15\%) in painful than in painless knees (paired t-test; p {\textless} 0.05). The external margin of the lateral meniscus showed greater extrusion of the body  in painful knees (+22\%; p = 0.03), but no significant difference in the position  of its internal margin or tibial coverage. Medial or lateral extrusion {\textgreater}/=3 mm was more frequent in painful (n = 23) than in painless knees (n = 12; McNemar's test; p = 0.02). No significant association was observed between meniscal size and knee pain. CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest a relationship between extrusion of the meniscal body, as measured with quantitative MRI, and knee pain in subjects with knee OA. Further studies need to confirm these findings and their clinical relevance.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {1},
	journal = {European radiology},
	author = {Wenger, Andrea and Englund, Martin and Wirth, Wolfgang and Hudelmaier, Martin and Kwoh, Kent and Eckstein, Felix},
	month = jan,
	year = {2012},
	pmid = {21842432},
	keywords = {*Imaging, Three-Dimensional/methods, *Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods, Aged, Arthralgia/etiology/*pathology/physiopathology, Female, Humans, Male, Menisci, Tibial/*pathology, Middle Aged, Osteoarthritis, Knee/complications/*diagnosis/pathology/physiopathology, Pilot Projects},
	pages = {211--220},
}

@article{kelly_london_2011,
	title = {The {London} low emission zone baseline study},
	issn = {1041-5505},
	abstract = {On February 4, 2008, the world's largest low emission zone (LEZ) was established. At 2644 km2, the zone encompasses most of Greater London. It restricts the entry of the oldest and most polluting diesel vehicles, including heavy-goods vehicles (haulage trucks), buses and coaches, larger vans, and minibuses. It does not apply to cars or motorcycles. The LEZ scheme will introduce increasingly stringent Euro emissions standards over time. The creation of this zone presented a unique opportunity to estimate the effects of a stepwise reduction in vehicle emissions on air quality and health. Before undertaking such an investigation, robust baseline data were gathered on air quality and the oxidative activity and metal content of particulate matter (PM) from air pollution monitors located in Greater London. In addition, methods were developed for using databases of electronic primary-care records in order to evaluate the zone's health effects. Our study began in 2007, using information about the planned restrictions in an agreed-upon LEZ scenario and year-on-year changes in the vehicle fleet in models to predict air pollution concentrations in London for the years 2005, 2008, and 2010. Based on this detailed emissions and air pollution modeling, the areas in London were then identified that were expected to show the greatest changes in air pollution concentrations and population exposures after the implementation of the LEZ. Using these predictions, the best placement of a pollution monitoring network was determined and the feasibility of evaluating the health effects using electronic primary-care records was assessed. To measure baseline pollutant concentrations before the implementation of the LEZ, a comprehensive monitoring network was established close to major roadways and intersections. Output-difference plots from statistical modeling for 2010 indicated seven key areas likely to experience the greatest change in concentrations of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) (at least 3 microg/m3) and of PM with an aerodynamic diameter {\textless} or = 10 microm (PM10) (at least 0.75 microg/m3) as a result of the LEZ; these suggested that the clearest signals of change were most likely to be measured near roadsides. The seven key areas were also likely to be of importance in carrying out a study to assess the health outcomes of an air quality intervention like the LEZ. Of the seven key areas, two already had monitoring sites with a full complement of equipment, four had monitoring sites that required upgrades of existing equipment, and one required a completely new installation. With the upgrades and new installations in place, fully ratified (verified) pollutant data (for PM10, PM with an aerodynamic diameter {\textless} or = 2.5 microm [PM2.5], nitrogen oxides [NOx], and ozone [O3] at all sites as well as for particle number, black smoke [BS], carbon monoxide [CO], and sulfur dioxide [SO2] at selected sites) were then collected for analysis. In addition, the seven key monitoring sites were supported by other sites in the London Air Quality Network (LAQN). From these, a robust set of baseline air quality data was produced. Data from automatic and manual traffic counters as well as automatic license-plate recognition cameras were used to compile detailed vehicle profiles. This enabled us to establish more precise associations between ambient pollutant concentrations and vehicle emissions. An additional goal of the study was to collect baseline PM data in order to test the hypothesis that changes in traffic densities and vehicle mixes caused by the LEZ would affect the oxidative potential and metal content of ambient PM10 and PM2.5. The resulting baseline PM data set was the first to describe, in detail, the oxidative potential and metal content of the PM10 and PM2.5 of a major city's airshed. PM in London has considerable oxidative potential; clear differences in this measure were found from site to site, with evidence that the oxidative potential of both PM10 and PM2.5 at roadside monitoring sites was higher than at urban background locations. In the PM10 samples this increased oxidative activity appeared to be associated with increased concentrations of copper (Cu), barium (Ba), and bathophenanthroline disulfonate-mobilized iron (BPS Fe) in the roadside samples. In the PM2.5 samples, no simple association could be seen, suggesting that other unmeasured components were driving the increased oxidative potential in this fraction of the roadside samples. These data suggest that two components were contributing to the oxidative potential of roadside PM, namely Cu and BPS Fe in the coarse fraction of PM (PM with an aerodynamic diameter of 2.5 microm to 10 microm; PM(2.5-10)) and an unidentified redox catalyst in PM2.5. The data derived for this baseline study confirmed key observations from a more limited spatial mapping exercise published in our earlier HEI report on the introduction of the London's Congestion Charging Scheme (CCS) in 2003 (Kelly et al. 2011a,b). In addition, the data set in the current report provided robust baseline information on the oxidative potential and metal content of PM found in the London airshed in the period before implementation of the LEZ; the finding that a proportion of the oxidative potential appears in the PM coarse mode and is apparently related to brake wear raises important issues regarding the nature of traffic management schemes. The final goal of this baseline study was to establish the feasibility, in ethical and operational terms, of using the U.K.'s electronic primary-care records to evaluate the effects of the LEZ on human health outcomes. Data on consultations and prescriptions were compiled from a pilot group of general practices (13 distributed across London, with 100,000 patients; 29 situated in the inner London Borough of Lambeth, with 200,000 patients). Ethics approvals were obtained to link individual primary-care records to modeled NOx concentrations by means of post-codes. (To preserve anonymity, the postcodes were removed before delivery to the research team.) A wide range of NOx exposures was found across London as well as within and between the practices examined. Although we observed little association between NOx exposure and smoking status, a positive relationship was found between exposure and increased socioeconomic deprivation. The health outcomes we chose to study were asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, wheeze, hay fever, upper and lower respiratory tract infections, ischemic heart disease, heart failure, and atrial fibrillation. These outcomes were measured as prevalence or incidence. Their distributions by age, sex, socioeconomic deprivation, ethnicity, and smoking were found to accord with those reported in the epidemiology literature. No cross-sectional positive associations were found between exposure to NOx and any of the studied health outcomes; some associations were significantly negative. After the pilot study, a suitable primary-care database of London patients was identified, the General Practice Research Database responsible for giving us access to these data agreed to collaborate in the evaluation of the LEZ, and an acceptable method of ensuring privacy of the records was agreed upon. The database included about 350,000 patients who had remained at the same address over the four-year period of the study. Power calculations for a controlled longitudinal analysis were then performed, indicating that for outcomes such as consultations for respiratory illnesses or prescriptions for asthma there was sufficient power to identify a 5\% to 10\% reduction in consultations for patients most exposed to the intervention compared with patients presumed to not be exposed to it. In conclusion, the work undertaken in this study provides a good foundation for future LEZ evaluations. Our extensive monitoring network, measuring a comprehensive set of pollutants (and a range of particle metrics), will continue to provide a valuable tool both for assessing the impact of LEZ regulations on air quality in London and for furthering understanding of the link between PM's composition and toxicity. Finally, we believe that in combination with our modeling of the predicted population-based changes in pollution exposure in London, the use of primary-care databases forms a sound basis and has sufficient statistical power for the evaluation of the potential impact of the LEZ on human health.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {163},
	journal = {Research Report (Health Effects Institute)},
	author = {Kelly, Frank and Armstrong, Ben and Atkinson, Richard and Anderson, H. Ross and Barratt, Ben and Beevers, Sean and Cook, Derek and Green, Dave and Derwent, Dick and Mudway, Ian and Wilkinson, Paul and {HEI Health Review Committee}},
	month = nov,
	year = {2011},
	pmid = {22315924},
	keywords = {Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Air Pollutants, Air Pollution, Child, Child, Preschool, Cross-Sectional Studies, Environmental Exposure, Environmental Monitoring, Female, Health Status, Humans, Infant, London, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Metals, Middle Aged, Nitrogen Oxides, Particulate Matter, Pilot Projects, Primary Health Care, Small-Area Analysis, Smoking, Socioeconomic Factors, Vehicle Emissions, Young Adult},
	pages = {3--79}
}

Paper  doi  abstract   bibtex   

@article{haugen_associations_2011,
	title = {The associations between finger length pattern, osteoarthritis, and knee injury:  {Data} from the {Framingham} community cohort.},
	volume = {63},
	copyright = {Copyright (c) 2011 by the American College of Rheumatology.},
	issn = {1529-0131 0004-3591},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002%2Fart.30408},
	doi = {10.1002/art.30408},
	abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To investigate the associations of index finger-to-ring finger (2D:4D) length ratio with radiographic knee and hand osteoarthritis (OA), previous knee injury, and meniscal lesions in the general population. METHODS: We measured the  length of the right second and fourth phalangeal and metacarpal bones on hand radiographs from 1,020 randomly recruited subjects (ages 51-92 years). Knee radiography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were performed on subjects. Women and men were divided into tertiles according to their 2D:4D phalangeal and  metacarpal ratios. We assessed the odds ratios (ORs) and 95\% confidence intervals (95\% CIs) for radiographic knee OA, severe symptomatic knee OA, radiographic hand OA, previous knee injury, and MRI-defined meniscal lesion, using logistic regression with adjustment for age and body mass index. Because hand OA may affect the 2D:4D phalangeal ratio, we performed sensitivity analyses in subjects  without joint space narrowing in the second and fourth interphalangeal joints. RESULTS: We found no significant associations between 2D:4D length ratio and radiographic knee OA, severe symptomatic knee OA, or meniscal lesions. Low 2D:4D  phalangeal ratio was associated with hand OA in women (OR 1.80, 95\% CI 1.11-2.93), but in the sensitivity analysis, the association was attenuated (OR 1.35, 95\% CI 0.79-2.32). Low 2D:4D phalangeal ratios were associated with knee injury in men (OR 1.78, 95\% CI 1.02-3.10). We found no significant associations for 2D:4D metacarpal ratios. CONCLUSION: Low 2D:4D phalangeal ratios in men are associated with knee injury, but we did not find any significant association with knee OA. Low 2D:4D length ratio may be a consequence, rather than a cause, of hand OA in women.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {8},
	journal = {Arthritis and rheumatism},
	author = {Haugen, Ida K. and Niu, Jingbo and Aliabadi, Piran and Felson, David T. and Englund, Martin},
	month = aug,
	year = {2011},
	pmid = {21506096},
	pmcid = {PMC3149773},
	keywords = {Aged, Cohort Studies, Female, Fingers/*radiography, Hand/*radiography, Humans, Knee Injuries/*radiography, Male, Menisci, Tibial/injuries/*radiography, Middle Aged, Osteoarthritis/*radiography, Risk Factors},
	pages = {2284--2288},
}

@article{humes_concurrent_2011,
	title = {Concurrent drug use and the risk of perforated colonic diverticular disease: a population-based case-control study},
	volume = {60},
	issn = {1468-3288},
	shorttitle = {Concurrent drug use and the risk of perforated colonic diverticular disease},
	doi = {10.1136/gut.2010.217281},
	abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To determine the risk of diverticular perforation associated with current and ever use of corticosteroids, opiate analgesics, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, aspirin, cyclo-oxygenase-2 inhibitors, statins and calcium antagonists.
DESIGN, SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: Case-control analysis using conditional logistic regression analysis of data from the UK General Practice Research Database. The study involved 899 cases of incident diverticular perforation and 8980 population controls from 1990 to 2005.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Odds ratios (ORs) are presented for perforation associated with use of corticosteroids, opiate analgesics, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, aspirin, cyclo-oxygenase-2 inhibitors, statins and calcium antagonists. Data were adjusted for smoking, comorbidity, prior abdominal pain and body mass index.
RESULTS: A total of 899 patients with an incident diagnosis of perforated diverticular disease were identified. Current use of opiate analgesics (OR=2.16; 95\% CI 1.55 to 3.01) and oral corticosteroids (OR=2.74; 95\% CI 1.63 to 4.61) was associated with a two- and threefold increase in the risk of diverticular perforation, respectively. Current use of a calcium antagonist and aspirin were not associated with an increased risk of diverticular perforation. Current statin use was associated with a reduction in the risk of perforation (OR=0.44; 95\% CI 0.20 to 0.95).
CONCLUSION: Perforated diverticular disease is a serious surgical emergency with current opiate analgesics and oral corticosteroids being strongly associated with an increased risk of diverticular perforation.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {2},
	journal = {Gut},
	author = {Humes, David J. and Fleming, Kate M. and Spiller, Robin C. and West, Joe},
	month = feb,
	year = {2011},
	pmid = {20940283},
	keywords = {Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Analgesics, Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal, Cardiovascular Agents, Comorbidity, Confounding Factors (Epidemiology), Diverticulum, Colon, Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions, Epidemiologic Methods, Female, Glucocorticoids, Great Britain, Humans, Intestinal Perforation, Male, Middle Aged},
	pages = {219--224}
}

@article{filion_thiazolidinediones_2011,
	title = {Thiazolidinediones and the risk of incident congestive heart failure among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus},
	volume = {20},
	issn = {1099-1557},
	doi = {10.1002/pds.2165},
	abstract = {BACKGROUND: Clinical trials suggest that thiazolidinediones (TZDs) may increase the risk of congestive heart failure (CHF). However, their effect on the risk of incident CHF in unselected populations has not been thoroughly investigated.
METHODS: Using data from the UK's General Practice Research Database, we conducted a case-control study within a population-based cohort of patients with type 2 diabetes. Cases were identified by a clinical diagnosis of incident CHF and were then classified as possible or probable cases using prescription data. A 90-day drug exposure window was used in the primary analysis, which compared patients prescribed TZDs with those with no prescriptions for anti-diabetic medications.
RESULTS: We identified 3405 incident cases (2632 probable and 773 possible) of CHF and 32,042 corresponding controls. TZDs were prescribed in 6.4\% of cases and 6.3\% of controls. Prescription of TZDs was associated with an increased rate of possible or probable CHF (adjusted rate ratio (RR) = 1.24, 95\% CI = 1.01, 1.54 and adjusted RR = 1.24, 95\% CI = 0.98, 1.58, respectively). Similar results were obtained when using a 180-day exposure window (RR = 1.38, 95\% CI = 1.11, 1.72 and RR = 1.44, 95\% CI = 1.12, 1.84, respectively).
CONCLUSIONS: Given the totality of the evidence from this and previous studies, the probability of an increased risk for CHF with these agents remains high. However, any increase in CHF risk associated with TZDs may be lower than previously reported.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {8},
	journal = {Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety},
	author = {Filion, Kristian B. and Joseph, Lawrence and Boivin, Jean-François and Suissa, Samy and Brophy, James M.},
	month = aug,
	year = {2011},
	pmid = {21671441},
	keywords = {Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Case-Control Studies, Databases, Factual, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Female, Great Britain, Heart Failure, Humans, Hypoglycemic Agents, Male, Middle Aged, Risk, Thiazolidinediones},
	pages = {785--796}
}

@article{vervoort_parental_2011,
	title = {Parental catastrophizing about children's pain and selective attention to varying levels of facial expression of pain in children: a dot-probe study.},
	volume = {152},
	copyright = {Copyright (c) 2011 International Association for the Study of Pain. Published by  Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
	doi = {10.1016/j.pain.2011.03.015},
	abstract = {The attentional demand of pain has primarily been investigated within an intrapersonal context. Little is known about observers' attentional processing of another's pain. The present study investigated, within a sample of parents (n=65; 51 mothers, 14 fathers) of school children, parental selective attention to children's facial display of pain and the moderating role of child's facial expressiveness of pain and parental catastrophizing about their child's pain. Parents performed a dot-probe task in which child facial display of pain (of varying pain expressiveness) were presented. Findings provided evidence of parental selective attention to child pain displays. Low facial displays of pain  appeared sufficiently and also, as compared with higher facial displays of pain,  equally capable of engaging parents' attention to the location of threat. Severity of facial displays of pain had a nonspatial effect on attention; that is, there was increased interference (ie, delayed responding) with increasing facial expressiveness. This interference effect was particularly pronounced for high-catastrophizing parents, suggesting that being confronted with increasing child pain displays becomes particularly demanding for high-catastrophizing parents. Finally, parents with higher levels of catastrophizing increasingly attended away from low pain expressions, whereas selective attention to high-pain expressions did not differ between high-catastrophizing and low-catastrophizing parents. Theoretical implications and further research directions are discussed.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {8},
	journal = {Pain},
	author = {Vervoort, Tine and Caes, Line and Crombez, Geert and Koster, Ernst and Van Damme, Stefaan and Dewitte, Marieke and Goubert, Liesbet},
	month = aug,
	year = {2011},
	pmid = {21481531},
	keywords = {*Facial Expression, Adaptation, Psychological, Adolescent, Adult, Analysis of Variance, Anxiety/diagnosis/etiology, Attention/*physiology, Catastrophization/etiology/*psychology, Child, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Neuropsychological Tests, Pain Measurement, Pain/complications/*psychology, Parent-Child Relations, Parents/*psychology, Photic Stimulation/methods, Questionnaires},
	pages = {1751--1757}
}

@article{persell_changes_2011,
	title = {Changes in performance after implementation of a multifaceted electronic-health-record-based quality improvement system},
	volume = {49},
	issn = {1537-1948},
	doi = {10.1097/MLR.0b013e318202913d},
	abstract = {BACKGROUND: Electronic health record (EHR) systems have the potential to revolutionize quality improvement (QI) methods by enhancing quality measurement and integrating multiple proven QI strategies.
OBJECTIVES: To implement and evaluate a multifaceted QI intervention using EHR tools to improve quality measurement (including capture of contraindications and patient refusals), make point-of-care reminders more accurate, and provide more valid and responsive clinician feedback (including lists of patients not receiving essential medications) for 16 chronic disease and preventive service measures.
DESIGN: Time series analysis at a large internal medicine practice using a commercial EHR.
SUBJECTS: All adult patients eligible for each measure (range approximately 100-7500).
MEASURES: The proportion of eligible patients who satisfied each measure after removing those with exceptions from the denominator.
RESULTS: During the year before the intervention, performance improved significantly for 8 measures. During the year after the intervention, performance improved significantly for 14 measures. For 9 measures, the primary outcome improved more rapidly during the intervention year than during the previous year (P {\textless} 0.001 for 8 measures, P = 0.02 for 1). Four other measures improved at rates that were not significantly different from the previous year. Improvements resulted from increases in patients receiving the service, documentation of exceptions, or a combination of both. For 5 drug-prescribing measures, more than half of physicians achieved 100\% performance.
CONCLUSIONS: Implementation of a multifaceted QI intervention using EHR tools to improve quality measurement and the accuracy and timeliness of clinician feedback improved performance and/or accelerated the rate of improvement for multiple measures simultaneously.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {2},
	journal = {Medical Care},
	author = {Persell, Stephen D. and Kaiser, Darren and Dolan, Nancy C. and Andrews, Beth and Levi, Sue and Khandekar, Janardan and Gavagan, Thomas and Thompson, Jason A. and Friesema, Elisha M. and Baker, David W.},
	month = feb,
	year = {2011},
	pmid = {21178789},
	keywords = {Aged, Chicago, Coronary Disease, Decision Support Systems, Clinical, Diabetes Mellitus, Documentation, Drug Prescriptions, Electronic Health Records, Female, Heart Failure, Humans, Internal Medicine, Linear Models, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Middle Aged, Outcome Assessment (Health Care), Physician's Practice Patterns, Point-of-Care Systems, Program Evaluation, Quality Indicators, Health Care, Reminder Systems, Total Quality Management},
	pages = {117--125}
}

@article{ brunault_observations_2011,
  title = {Observations regarding 'quality of life' and 'comfort with food' after bariatric surgery: comparison between laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding and sleeve gastrectomy},
  volume = {21},
  issn = {1708-0428},
  shorttitle = {Observations regarding 'quality of life' and 'comfort with food' after bariatric surgery},
  doi = {10.1007/s11695-011-0411-4},
  abstract = {BACKGROUND: Although laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (LAGB) and laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) are coexisting first-choice restrictive procedures for bariatric surgery candidates, it is possible, given their different modes of action, that these procedures have different effects on quality of life (QOL). We hypothesized that improvement of QOL and comfort with food could be better with LSG compared to LAGB.
METHODS: This cohort study included 131 obese patients who had either LAGB (n = 102) or LSG (n = 29). Patients were assessed during preoperative and at 6- and 12-month postoperative visits. Five QOL dimensions were assessed using the 'Quality of Life, Obesity and Dietetics' rating scale: physical impact, psycho-social impact, impact on sex life, comfort with food and diet experience. We compared QOL evolution between LAGB and LSG using linear mixed models adjusted for gender and body mass index at each visit.
RESULTS: Excess weight loss was 28.4 ± 14.7% and 34.8 ± 18.4% for LAGB and 35.7 ± 14.3% and 43.8 ± 17.8% for LSG at 6 and 12 months postoperatively, respectively. Both LAGB and LSG provided significant improvement in the physical, psycho-social, sexual and diet experience dimensions of QOL. LSG was associated with better improvement than LAGB in short-term (6-month) comfort with food.
CONCLUSIONS: Our results add further evidence to the benefit of LSG and LAGB in obesity management. Within the first year of follow-up, there is no lasting difference in the comfort with food dimension between LSG and LABG.},
  language = {eng},
  number = {8},
  journal = {Obesity Surgery},
  author = {Brunault, Paul and Jacobi, David and Léger, Julie and Bourbao-Tournois, Céline and Huten, Noël and Camus, Vincent and Ballon, Nicolas and Couet, Charles},
  month = {August},
  year = {2011},
  pmid = {21533881},
  keywords = {Adult, Cohort Studies, Eating, Female, Gastrectomy, Gastroplasty, Humans, Laparoscopy, Linear Models, Male, Middle Aged, Obesity, Quality of Life, Questionnaires, Treatment Outcome, Weight Loss},
  pages = {1225--1231}
}

@article{vinogradova_exposure_2011,
	title = {Exposure to cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors and risk of cancer: nested case-control studies},
	volume = {105},
	issn = {1532-1827},
	shorttitle = {Exposure to cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors and risk of cancer},
	doi = {10.1038/bjc.2011.252},
	abstract = {BACKGROUND: Selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2) inhibitors are widely used as analgesics and it is unclear whether its long-term use affects cancer risk.
METHODS: A series of nested case-control studies using the QResearch primary care database. Associations of COX2 inhibitor use with risk of all cancers and 10 common site-specific cancers were estimated using conditional logistic regression adjusted for comorbidities, smoking status, socioeconomic status, and use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, aspirin and statins.
RESULTS: A total of 88,125 cancers, diagnosed between 1998 and 2008, matched with up to five controls, were analysed. Use of COX2 inhibitors for more than a year was associated with a significantly increased risk of breast cancer (odds ratio (OR) 1.24, 95\% confidence interval (CI) 1.08-1.42) and haematological malignancies (OR 1.38, 95\% CI 1.12-1.69) and a decreased risk of colorectal cancer (OR 0.76, 95\% CI 0.63-0.92). There were no other significant associations.
CONCLUSION: Prolonged use of COX2 inhibitors was associated with an increased risk of breast and haematological cancers and decreased risk of colorectal cancer. These findings need to be confirmed using other data sources.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {3},
	journal = {British Journal of Cancer},
	author = {Vinogradova, Y. and Coupland, C. and Hippisley-Cox, J.},
	month = jul,
	year = {2011},
	pmid = {21750557},
	pmcid = {PMC3172909},
	keywords = {Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Breast Neoplasms, Case-Control Studies, Colorectal Neoplasms, Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors, Drug Administration Schedule, Female, Hematologic Neoplasms, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Neoplasms, Risk Factors},
	pages = {452--459}
}

Paper  doi  abstract   bibtex   

@article{zhang_amoxicillin/clavulanic_2011,
	title = {Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid-warfarin drug interaction: a randomized controlled trial},
	volume = {71},
	issn = {0306-5251},
	shorttitle = {Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid-warfarin drug interaction},
	url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3040543/},
	doi = {10.1111/j.1365-2125.2010.03824.x},
	abstract = {AIMS
To investigate whether an interaction exists between amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (amoxiclav) and warfarin in patients treated with stable oral anticoagulant therapy.

METHODS
In a double-blind, cross-over, placebo-controlled study, 12 patients on stable warfarin therapy, received a 7 day amoxiclav regimen or placebo.

RESULTS
The mean maximum increase in INR observed was 0.22 ± 0.3 with amoxiclav vs. 0.24 ± 0.6 with placebo (P= 0.94). The day 7–day 1 factor II, R(–) and S(–) warfarin plasma concentrations were similar during the amoxiclav and placebo study periods (P= 0.81, P= 0.45, P= 0.75, respectively).

CONCLUSION
Amoxiclav did not modify anticoagulation in patients treated with stable warfarin therapy and without infection.},
	number = {2},
	urldate = {2014-06-25TZ},
	journal = {British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology},
	author = {Zhang, Qian and Simoneau, Guy and Verstuyft, Celine and Drouet, Ludovic and dit Sollier, Claire Bal and Alvarez, Jean-Claude and Rizzo-Padoin, Nathalie and Bergmann, Jean Francois and Becquemont, Laurent and Mouly, Stephane},
	month = feb,
	year = {2011},
	pmid = {21219403},
	pmcid = {PMC3040543},
	keywords = {Adult, Aged, Amoxicillin-Potassium Clavulanate Combination, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Anticoagulants, Blood Coagulation, Cross-Over Studies, Double-Blind Method, Drug Interactions, Female, Humans, International Normalized Ratio, Male, Middle Aged, Prothrombin, Warfarin, Young Adult},
	pages = {232--236}
}

Paper  doi  bibtex   

@article{wattier_jm_MEASURE_2011,
title = {Measure of preoperative anxiety and need for information with six issues},
volume = {30},
issn = {0750-7658},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21602018},
DOI = {10.1016/j.annfar.2011.03.010},
Language = {French},
Journal = {Ann. Fr. Anest. Reanim.},
author = {{Wattier JM} and {Barreau O} and {Devos P} and {Prevost S} and {Vallet B} and {Lebuffe G}},
year = {2011},
keywords = {Anxiety/diagnosis*, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Needs Assessment*, Patient Education as Topic*, Preoperative Care*, Prospective Studies, Surveys and Questionnaires*},
pages = {533-537}
}

Website  abstract   bibtex   

@article{
 title = {Advancing the argument for validity of the Alberta Context Tool with healthcare aides in residential long-term care},
 type = {article},
 year = {2011},
 identifiers = {[object Object]},
 keywords = {Alberta Context Tool (ACT)},
 pages = {107},
 volume = {11},
 websites = {http://bmcmedresmethodol.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1471-2288-11-107},
 month = {12},
 day = {18},
 id = {6cfd6b22-8bd6-344d-a565-9bf88fb1e055},
 created = {2018-01-17T18:09:46.350Z},
 file_attached = {false},
 profile_id = {369acd69-1fe7-313d-821e-cb7bbe1ddab2},
 group_id = {c58111b6-6088-3a92-94c9-4742fdd13d6f},
 last_modified = {2018-01-23T15:59:04.281Z},
 read = {false},
 starred = {false},
 authored = {false},
 confirmed = {true},
 hidden = {false},
 citation_key = {Estabrooks2011g},
 private_publication = {false},
 abstract = {Organizational context has the potential to influence the use of new knowledge. However, despite advances in understanding the theoretical base of organizational context, its measurement has not been adequately addressed, limiting our ability to quantify and assess context in healthcare settings and thus, advance development of contextual interventions to improve patient care. We developed the Alberta Context Tool (the ACT) to address this concern. It consists of 58 items representing 10 modifiable contextual concepts. We reported the initial validation of the ACT in 2009. This paper presents the second stage of the psychometric validation of the ACT.},
 bibtype = {article},
 author = {Estabrooks, Carole A and Squires, Janet E and Hayduk, Leslie A and Cummings, Greta G and Norton, Peter G},
 journal = {BMC Medical Research Methodology}
}

@article{hippisley-cox_individualising_2010,
	title = {Individualising the risks of statins in men and women in {England} and {Wales}: population-based cohort study},
	volume = {96},
	issn = {1468-201X},
	shorttitle = {Individualising the risks of statins in men and women in {England} and {Wales}},
	doi = {10.1136/hrt.2010.199034},
	abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To derive and validate risk algorithms so that the risks of four clinical outcomes associated with statin use can be estimated for individual patients.
DESIGN: Prospective open cohort study using routinely collected data from 368 QResearch general practices in England and Wales to develop the scores. The scores were validated using two separate sets of practices-188 separate QResearch practices and 364 practices contributing to the THIN database.
SUBJECTS: In the QResearch derivation cohort 225 922 new users of statins and 1 778 770 non-users of statins were studied. In the QResearch validation cohort 118 372 statin users and 877 812 non-users of statins were studied. In the THIN validation cohort, we studied 282 056 statin users and 1 923 840 non-users of statins were studied.
METHODS: Cox proportional hazards models in the derivation cohort to derive risk equations. Measures of calibration and discrimination in both validation cohorts.
OUTCOMES: 5-Year risk of moderate/serious myopathic events; moderate/serious liver dysfunction; acute renal failure and cataract.
RESULTS: The performance of three of the risk prediction algorithms in the THIN cohort was very good. For example, in women, the algorithm for moderate/serious myopathy explained 42.15\% of the variation. The corresponding D statistics was 1.75. The acute renal failure algorithm explained 59.62\% of the variation (D statistic=2.49). The cataract algorithm explained 59.14\% of the variation (D statistic=2.46). The algorithms to predict moderate/severe liver dysfunction only explained 15.55\% of the variation (D statistics=0.89). The performance of each algorithm was similar for both sexes when tested on the QResearch validation cohort.
CONCLUSIONS: The algorithms to predict acute renal failure, moderate/serious myopathy and cataract could be used to identify patients at increased risk of these adverse effects enabling patients to be monitored more closely. Further research is needed to develop a better algorithm to predict liver dysfunction.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {12},
	journal = {Heart (British Cardiac Society)},
	author = {Hippisley-Cox, Julia and Coupland, Carol},
	month = jun,
	year = {2010},
	pmid = {20489220},
	keywords = {Acute Kidney Injury, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Algorithms, Body Mass Index, Cataract, Drug-Induced Liver Injury, England, Epidemiologic Methods, Female, Humans, Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors, Male, Middle Aged, Muscular Diseases, Wales},
	pages = {939--947}
}

@article{fan_does_2010,
	title = {Does standardized {BMD} still remove differences between {Hologic} and {GE}-{Lunar} state-of-the-art {DXA} systems?},
	volume = {21},
	issn = {1433-2965},
	doi = {10.1007/s00198-009-1062-3},
	abstract = {The standardized bone mineral density (sBMD) values, derived using universal standardized equations, were shown to be equivalent within 1.0\% for hip but significantly different for spine for state-of-art fan-beam dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) Hologic and GE-Lunar systems. Spine L1-L4 and L2-L4 sBMD mean differences between the two systems were 0.042 g/cm(2) (4.1\%) and 0.035 g/cm(2) (3.2\%), respectively.
INTRODUCTION: The objective of this study is to validate the 1994 pencil-beam DXA "universal standardization equations" for state-of-the-art fan-beam DXA systems.
METHODS: The spine and bilateral femurs of 87 postmenopausal women were scanned on both Hologic Delphi and GE-Lunar Prodigy DXA systems at three different clinical centers. The scans were analyzed using Hologic Apex and GE-Lunar EnCore software. The BMD results were converted to sBMD using the equations previously developed. Linear regression analysis was used to describe the relationship of the two systems' BMD results. Bland-Altman analysis was used to assess the differences in measures.
RESULTS: The Apex and Prodigy sBMD values were highly correlated (r ranged from 0.92 to 0.98). Spine L1-L4 and L2-L4 sBMD values had significant intercepts and slopes for Bland-Altman regression, with mean differences of 0.042 g/cm(2) (4.1\%) and 0.035 g/cm(2) (3.2\%), respectively. The total hip and neck sBMD showed no significant intercept and slope, except left total sBMD had a significant difference between the two systems of 0.009 g/cm(2) (1.0\%).
CONCLUSIONS: The sBMD values were shown to be equivalent within 1.0\% for hip but were significantly different for spine on the two systems. Biases may persist in pooled sBMD data from different manufacturers, and further study is necessary to determine the cause.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {7},
	journal = {Osteoporosis international: a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA},
	author = {Fan, B. and Lu, Y. and Genant, H. and Fuerst, T. and Shepherd, J.},
	month = jul,
	year = {2010},
	pmid = {19859644},
	pmcid = {PMC2906746},
	keywords = {Absorptiometry, Photon, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Bone Density, Female, Femur Neck, Hip Joint, Humans, Lumbar Vertebrae, Middle Aged, Reproducibility of Results},
	pages = {1227--1236}
}

@article{mehta_patients_2010,
	title = {Patients with severe psoriasis are at increased risk of cardiovascular mortality: cohort study using the {General} {Practice} {Research} {Database}},
	volume = {31},
	issn = {1522-9645},
	shorttitle = {Patients with severe psoriasis are at increased risk of cardiovascular mortality},
	doi = {10.1093/eurheartj/ehp567},
	abstract = {AIMS: Psoriasis is a common chronic inflammatory T-helper cell-1/17 mediated skin disease. Recent studies suggest that psoriasis, particularly if severe, may be an independent risk factor for atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction (MI), and stroke. We conducted a cohort study using the General Practice Research Database to determine if severe psoriasis patients have an increased risk of cardiovascular (CV) mortality.
METHODS AND RESULTS: Severe psoriasis was defined as patients who received a psoriasis diagnosis and systemic therapy consistent with severe psoriasis (n = 3603). Up to four unexposed patients without psoriasis were selected from the same practices and start dates for each psoriasis patient (n = 14 330). For every death, the cause was determined by review of the electronic medical record. Severe psoriasis was an independent risk factor for CV mortality (HR 1.57; 95\% CI 1.26, 1.96) when adjusting for age, sex, smoking, diabetes, hypertension, and hyperlipidaemia. Overall, severe psoriasis patients experienced one extra CV death per 283 patients per year, even when adjusting for major CV risk factors. The relative risk of CV mortality was modified by age. For example, the RR of CV death for a 40-year-old and 60-year-old with severe psoriasis was 2.69 (1.45, 4.99) and 1.92 (1.41, 2.62), respectively. The findings were robust to multiple sensitivity analyses.
CONCLUSION: Patients with severe psoriasis have an increased risk of CV mortality that is independent of traditional CV risk factors. Additional studies are needed to determine the mechanism of this association and the impact that control of psoriasis has on CV risk.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {8},
	journal = {European Heart Journal},
	author = {Mehta, Nehal N. and Azfar, Rahat S. and Shin, Daniel B. and Neimann, Andrea L. and Troxel, Andrea B. and Gelfand, Joel M.},
	month = apr,
	year = {2010},
	pmid = {20037179},
	pmcid = {PMC2894736},
	keywords = {Adult, Aged, Cardiovascular Diseases, Dermatologic Agents, Female, Great Britain, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Psoriasis, Risk Factors, incidence},
	pages = {1000--1006}
}

Paper  doi  bibtex   

@article{boussekey_n_RESUSCITATION_2010,
title = {Resuscitation with low volume hydroxyethylstarch 130 kDa/0.4 is not associated with acute kidney injury},
volume = {14},
issn = {1466-609X},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20298543},
DOI = {10.1186/cc8920},
Language = {English},
Journal = {Crit. Care},
author = {{Boussekey N} and {Darmon R} and {Langlois J} and {Alfandari S} and {Devos P} and {Meybeck A} and {Chiche A} and {Georges H} and {Leroy O}},
year = {2010},
keywords = {Acute Kidney Injury/chemically induced*, Acute Kidney Injury/diagnosis, Acute Kidney Injury/physiopathology, Adult, Aged, Female, Fluid Therapy/adverse effects, Fluid Therapy/methods*, Humans, Hydroxyethyl Starch Derivatives/administration & dosage, Hydroxyethyl Starch Derivatives/adverse effects*, Hydroxyethyl Starch Derivatives/pharmacology, Intensive Care Units, Male, Middle Aged, Multiple Organ Failure/chemically induced, Retrospective Studies, Risk Assessment},
}

@article{cornish_risk_2010,
	title = {Risk of death during and after opiate substitution treatment in primary care: prospective observational study in {UK} {General} {Practice} {Research} {Database}},
	volume = {341},
	issn = {1756-1833},
	shorttitle = {Risk of death during and after opiate substitution treatment in primary care},
	abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of opiate substitution treatment at the beginning and end of treatment and according to duration of treatment.
DESIGN: Prospective cohort study. Setting UK General Practice Research Database.
PARTICIPANTS: Primary care patients with a diagnosis of substance misuse prescribed methadone or buprenorphine during 1990-2005. 5577 patients with 267 003 prescriptions for opiate substitution treatment followed-up (17 732 years) until one year after the expiry of their last prescription, the date of death before this time had elapsed, or the date of transfer away from the practice.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Mortality rates and rate ratios comparing periods in and out of treatment adjusted for sex, age, calendar year, and comorbidity; standardised mortality ratios comparing opiate users' mortality with general population mortality rates.
RESULTS: Crude mortality rates were 0.7 per 100 person years on opiate substitution treatment and 1.3 per 100 person years off treatment; standardised mortality ratios were 5.3 (95\% confidence interval 4.0 to 6.8) on treatment and 10.9 (9.0 to 13.1) off treatment. Men using opiates had approximately twice the risk of death of women (morality rate ratio 2.0, 1.4 to 2.9). In the first two weeks of opiate substitution treatment the crude mortality rate was 1.7 per 100 person years: 3.1 (1.5 to 6.6) times higher (after adjustment for sex, age group, calendar period, and comorbidity) than the rate during the rest of time on treatment. The crude mortality rate was 4.8 per 100 person years in weeks 1-2 after treatment stopped, 4.3 in weeks 3-4, and 0.95 during the rest of time off treatment: 9 (5.4 to 14.9), 8 (4.7 to 13.7), and 1.9 (1.3 to 2.8) times higher than the baseline risk of mortality during treatment. Opiate substitution treatment has a greater than 85\% chance of reducing overall mortality among opiate users if the average duration approaches or exceeds 12 months.
CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians and patients should be aware of the increased mortality risk at the start of opiate substitution treatment and immediately after stopping treatment. Further research is needed to investigate the effect of average duration of opiate substitution treatment on drug related mortality.},
	language = {eng},
	journal = {BMJ (Clinical research ed.)},
	author = {Cornish, Rosie and Macleod, John and Strang, John and Vickerman, Peter and Hickman, Matt},
	year = {2010},
	pmid = {20978062},
	pmcid = {PMC2965139},
	keywords = {Adolescent, Adult, Buprenorphine, Female, Great Britain, Humans, Male, Methadone, Middle Aged, Narcotics, Opioid-Related Disorders, Prospective Studies, Risk Factors, Time Factors, Young Adult},
	pages = {c5475}
}

Paper  abstract   bibtex   

@article{
 title = {Dissemination limits the survival of patients with anaplastic ependymoma after extensive surgical resection, meticulous follow up, and intensive treatment for recurrence.},
 type = {article},
 year = {2010},
 identifiers = {[object Object]},
 keywords = {Adjuvant,Adolescent,Adult,Brain Neoplasms,Brain Neoplasms: diagnosis,Brain Neoplasms: mortality,Brain Neoplasms: pathology,Brain Neoplasms: therapy,Chemotherapy,Child,Ependymoma,Ependymoma: diagnosis,Ependymoma: mortality,Ependymoma: pathology,Ependymoma: therapy,Female,Follow-Up Studies,Humans,Kaplan-Meier Estimate,Local,Local: therapy,Magnetic Resonance Imaging,Male,Middle Aged,Neoplasm Recurrence,Preschool,Radiotherapy,Retrospective Studies,Survival Rate},
 pages = {185-91; discussion 191-2},
 volume = {33},
 websites = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20186454},
 month = {4},
 id = {095ad00f-60e1-3a2f-8cae-2eb3aba8490a},
 created = {2013-09-07T05:22:53.000Z},
 accessed = {2013-09-07},
 file_attached = {true},
 profile_id = {8c4ca2d5-86de-3b5d-86be-8408415f34e0},
 group_id = {a484ae4c-fcac-3c7e-9ac3-3fad0df719a2},
 last_modified = {2014-11-22T16:36:56.000Z},
 read = {false},
 starred = {false},
 authored = {false},
 confirmed = {true},
 hidden = {false},
 abstract = {The extent of resection is the most consistent factor affecting outcome of intracranial ependymomas. The outcomes in patients with intracranial anaplastic ependymomas who underwent more than subtotal resection and intensive treatment for recurrence were reviewed retrospectively. Between 1989 and 2007, 18 patients underwent more than subtotal resection at Tohoku University Hospital. Adjuvant chemoradiation therapy was conducted in 16 patients. Meticulous follow-up was performed for early detection of recurrence. Intensive therapy including surgery and chemoradiation therapy was added for recurrence. Median survival in all 18 patients was 136 months. The 5- and 10-year survival rates were 59.1% and 50.7%, respectively. Eight patients died during the observation period, five of dissemination, but none of uncontrollable local recurrence. High resection rate, meticulous follow-up, and intensive treatment for recurrence improved the survival of patients with anaplastic ependymoma. Dissemination was the life-determining factor in this series of patients.},
 bibtype = {article},
 author = {Saito, Ryuta and Kumabe, Toshihiro and Kanamori, Masayuki and Sonoda, Yukihiko and Tominaga, Teiji},
 journal = {Neurosurgical Review},
 number = {2}
}

Paper  abstract   bibtex   

@article{
 id = {8364c8e1-57a1-3484-94df-1bd37d5d7010},
 title = {Nonlinear measure of synchrony between blood oxygen saturation and heart rate from nocturnal pulse oximetry in obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome.},
 type = {article},
 year = {2009},
 identifiers = {[object Object]},
 keywords = {Adult,Aged,Aged, 80 and over,Algorithms,Data Interpretation, Statistical,Entropy,Female,Heart Rate,Heart Rate: physiology,Humans,Male,Middle Aged,Nonlinear Dynamics,Oximetry,Oxygen,Oxygen: blood,Polysomnography,ROC Curve,Reproducibility of Results,Sleep Apnea, Obstructive,Sleep Apnea, Obstructive: blood,Sleep Apnea, Obstructive: physiopathology,Young Adult},
 created = {2012-06-13T03:54:21.000Z},
 pages = {967-82},
 volume = {30},
 websites = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19696463},
 month = {9},
 accessed = {2010-08-14},
 file_attached = {true},
 profile_id = {fe7067eb-58b8-34c6-b8cd-6717fdf7605c},
 group_id = {ba0deb47-e19a-3151-83cc-b6262d5edb6e},
 last_modified = {2014-07-19T19:17:42.000Z},
 read = {false},
 starred = {false},
 authored = {false},
 confirmed = {true},
 hidden = {false},
 citation_key = {Alvarez2009b},
 client_data = {"desktop_id":"5adc2c25-73db-4b77-aed2-d32a75858a27"},
 abstract = {This study focuses on analysis of the relationship between changes in blood oxygen saturation (SaO(2)) and heart rate (HR) recordings from nocturnal pulse oximetry (NPO) in patients suspected of suffering from obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) syndrome. Two different analyses were developed: a classical frequency analysis based on the magnitude squared coherence (MSC) and a nonlinear analysis by means of a recently developed measure of synchrony, the cross-approximate entropy (cross-ApEn). A data set of 187 subjects was studied. We found significantly higher correlation and synchrony between oximetry signals from OSA positive patients compared with OSA negative subjects. We assessed the diagnostic ability to detect OSA syndrome of both the classical and nonlinear approaches by means of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses with tenfold cross-validation. The nonlinear measure of synchrony significantly improved the results obtained with classical MSC: 69.2% sensitivity, 90.9% specificity and 78.1% accuracy were reached with MSC, whereas 83.7% sensitivity, 84.3% specificity and 84.0% accuracy were obtained with cross-ApEn. Our results suggest that the use of nonlinear measures of synchrony could provide essential information from oximetry signals, which cannot be obtained with classical spectral analysis.},
 bibtype = {article},
 author = {Alvarez, D and Hornero, R and Abásolo, D and del Campo, F and Zamarrón, C and López, M},
 journal = {Physiological measurement},
 number = {9}
}

@article{watts_prevalence_2009,
	title = {Prevalence and incidence of {Wegener}'s granulomatosis in the {UK} general practice research database},
	volume = {61},
	issn = {0004-3591},
	doi = {10.1002/art.24544},
	abstract = {OBJECTIVE: Wegener's granulomatosis (WG) is a systemic vasculitis of unknown etiology. The UK General Practice Research Database (GPRD) contains the complete primary care records of approximately 3.6 million people. There are no data on the incidence and prevalence of WG from primary care. The aim of the study was to estimate the incidence and prevalence of WG in the GPRD population.
METHODS: We identified all patients who had a first diagnosis of WG during 1990-2005, using Oxford Information System and Read codes. The diagnosis was verified by review of a randomly selected sample of 35 records that had identifying data removed. The annual incidence was calculated as the number of incident cases divided by the total person-years.
RESULTS: A total of 295 patients (51.2\% male) with a first diagnosis of WG were identified during 1990-2005. The median age was 59 years (interquartile range 47-70 years). The overall annual incidence of WG was 8.4 per million (95\% confidence interval [95\% CI] 7.5-9.4). The annual rate in women and men was 8.1 per million (95\% CI 6.8-9.6), and 8.8 per million (95\% CI 7.4-10.3), respectively. The incidence was stable throughout the study period. There was an increase in the annual prevalence from 28.8 per million in 1990 to 64.8 per million in 2005. The diagnosis was verified in 28 of 31 available case records.
CONCLUSION: This is the first study of the incidence and prevalence of WG in a database from a primary care population. The results are similar to previous studies from secondary and tertiary care and suggest that these studies are representative of the general population. The increasing prevalence with a constant incidence suggests that survival is improving with modern treatment protocols.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {10},
	journal = {Arthritis and Rheumatism},
	author = {Watts, Richard A. and Al-Taiar, Abdullah and Scott, David G. I. and Macgregor, Alex J.},
	month = oct,
	year = {2009},
	pmid = {19790134},
	keywords = {Aged, Databases, Factual, Female, Granulomatosis with polyangiitis, Great Britain, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Prevalence, Primary Health Care, incidence},
	pages = {1412--1416}
}

@article{cummings_prevention_2009,
	title = {Prevention of breast cancer in postmenopausal women: approaches to estimating and reducing risk},
	volume = {101},
	issn = {1460-2105},
	shorttitle = {Prevention of breast cancer in postmenopausal women},
	doi = {10.1093/jnci/djp018},
	abstract = {BACKGROUND: It is uncertain whether evidence supports routinely estimating a postmenopausal woman's risk of breast cancer and intervening to reduce risk.
METHODS: We systematically reviewed prospective studies about models and sex hormone levels to assess breast cancer risk and used meta-analysis with random effects models to summarize the predictive accuracy of breast density. We also reviewed prospective studies of the effects of exercise, weight management, healthy diet, moderate alcohol consumption, and fruit and vegetable intake on breast cancer risk, and used random effects models for a meta-analyses of tamoxifen and raloxifene for primary prevention of breast cancer. All studies reviewed were published before June 2008, and all statistical tests were two-sided.
RESULTS: Risk models that are based on demographic characteristics and medical history had modest discriminatory accuracy for estimating breast cancer risk (c-statistics range = 0.58-0.63). Breast density was strongly associated with breast cancer (relative risk [RR] = 4.03, 95\% confidence interval [CI] = 3.10 to 5.26, for Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System category IV vs category I; RR = 4.20, 95\% CI = 3.61 to 4.89, for {\textgreater}75\% vs {\textless}5\% of dense area), and adding breast density to models improved discriminatory accuracy (c-statistics range = 0.63-0.66). Estradiol was also associated with breast cancer (RR range = 2.0-2.9, comparing the highest vs lowest quintile of estradiol, P {\textless} .01). Most studies found that exercise, weight reduction, low-fat diet, and reduced alcohol intake were associated with a decreased risk of breast cancer. Tamoxifen and raloxifene reduced the risk of estrogen receptor-positive invasive breast cancer and invasive breast cancer overall.
CONCLUSIONS: Evidence from this study supports screening for breast cancer risk in all postmenopausal women by use of risk factors and breast density and considering chemoprevention for those found to be at high risk. Several lifestyle changes with the potential to prevent breast cancer should be recommended regardless of risk.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {6},
	journal = {Journal of the National Cancer Institute},
	author = {Cummings, Steven R. and Tice, Jeffrey A. and Bauer, Scott and Browner, Warren S. and Cuzick, Jack and Ziv, Elad and Vogel, Victor and Shepherd, John and Vachon, Celine and Smith-Bindman, Rebecca and Kerlikowske, Karla},
	month = mar,
	year = {2009},
	pmid = {19276457},
	pmcid = {PMC2720698},
	keywords = {Aged, Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal, Biomarkers, Tumor, Breast, Breast Neoplasms, Case-Control Studies, Confidence Intervals, Confounding Factors (Epidemiology), Estrogen Receptor Modulators, Female, Gonadal Steroid Hormones, Humans, Life Style, Middle Aged, Models, Statistical, Odds Ratio, Postmenopause, Predictive Value of Tests, Prospective Studies, Raloxifene Hydrochloride, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Research Design, Risk Assessment, Risk Factors, Risk Reduction Behavior, Tamoxifen},
	pages = {384--398}
}

@article{setakis_changes_2008,
	title = {Changes in the characteristics of patients prescribed selective cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitors after the 2004 withdrawal of rofecoxib},
	volume = {59},
	issn = {0004-3591},
	doi = {10.1002/art.23925},
	abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the impact of rofecoxib withdrawal on the characteristics of patients prescribed selective cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) inhibitors.
METHODS: The General Practice Research Database was used to identify patients age {\textgreater} or =18 years who were prescribed a selective COX-2 inhibitor. Various patient characteristics were noted at the start of therapy: age, sex, nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug-related risk factors for upper gastrointestinal (GI) events, and the Framingham risk score for cardiovascular disease. Logistic regression was used to compare patients using selective COX-2 inhibitors before and after September 2004.
RESULT: The study population included 171,645 patients receiving selective COX-2 inhibitors. The number of users substantially increased over time until September 2004 and sharply declined thereafter. Approximately 80\% stopped selective COX-2 inhibitor therapy within 6 months. Patients receiving selective COX-2 inhibitors after September 2004 were younger and included more men compared with those receiving therapy before September 2004. There was no change before and after September 2004 in the proportion of patients with GI risk factors or high Framingham risk scores, after adjustment for age and sex. A correlation was found between presence of GI risk factors and high Framingham risk scores. Only 20\% of patients receiving selective COX-2 inhibitors had GI risk factors but low Framingham risk score, which did not change after September 2004.
CONCLUSION: There was no channeling in the usage of selective COX-2 inhibitors toward patients with a high risk of GI and low risk of cardiovascular disease following the withdrawal of rofecoxib.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {8},
	journal = {Arthritis and Rheumatism},
	author = {Setakis, E. and Leufkens, H. G. M. and van Staa, T. P.},
	month = aug,
	year = {2008},
	pmid = {18668614},
	keywords = {Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Cardiovascular Diseases, Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors, Databases, Factual, Drug Prescriptions, Drug Utilization Review, Female, Gastrointestinal Diseases, Great Britain, Humans, Lactones, Logistic Models, Male, Middle Aged, Rheumatic Diseases, Risk Factors, Sulfones, incidence},
	pages = {1105--1111}
}

Paper  doi  abstract   bibtex   

@ARTICLE{Antignac2008258,
author={Antignac, J.-P. and Cariou, R. and Maume, D. and Marchand, P. and Monteau, F. and Zalko, D. and Berrebi, A. and Cravedi, J.-P. and Andre, F. and Le Bizec, B.},
title={Exposure assessment of fetus and newborn to brominated flame retardants in France: Preliminary data},
journal={Molecular Nutrition and Food Research},
year={2008},
volume={52},
number={2},
pages={258-265},
doi={10.1002/mnfr.200700077},
note={cited By 51},
url={https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-41949108676&doi=10.1002%2fmnfr.200700077&partnerID=40&md5=68f3e81a6271673947bee585682bf46a},
affiliation={Laboratoire d'Etude des Résidus et Contaminants Dans Les Aliments (LABERCA), USC INRA 2013, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Nantes (ENVN), Nantes, France; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, Hôpital Paule de Viguier, Service de Gynécologieobst Étrique, Toulouse, France; UMR 1089 Xénobiotiques, INRA, Toulouse, France; LABERCA, ENVN, BP 50707, F-44307 Nantes Cedex 3, France},
abstract={Brominated flame retardants (BFR) are chemicals extensively used in many manufactured products to reduce the risk of fire, but also environmental pollutants. In order to assess the potential risk linked to these compounds in human, a French monitoring study was initiated to evaluate the exposure of fetus and newborn. A previously described multi-residue analytical method was used, for measuring the main classes of BFR (hexabromocyclododecane, tetrabromobisphenol-A, and tri- to deca-polybromodiphenylethers) in various biological matrices. These analyzed samples (maternal and umbilical serum, adipose tissue and breast milk) were collected on volunteer women during caesarean deliveries. Preliminary results obtained on 26 individuals (mother/newborn pairs) mainly demonstrated the presence of polybromodiphenylethers (PBDE) and tetrabromobisphenol A both in maternal and fetal matrices, and a possible risk of overexposure of newborns through breastfeeding. Contaminations levels were found globally in the ng/g lipid weight range, consistent with other published European data. Exposure results regarding highly brominated PBDE congeners (octa- to deca-BDE) appeared particularly informative and non-commonly reported, these compounds accounting for around 50% of the total PBDE load. Additional data collection and metabolism investigations are now ongoing. A more complete statistical analysis related to this BFR exposition study will be provided in a next future. © 2008 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA.},
author_keywords={Brominated flame retardants;  Endocrine disruptors;  Exposure assessment;  Fetus;  Newborn},
document_type={Article},
source={Scopus},
}

Paper  doi  bibtex   

@article{RN133,
   author = {Jansen, J. F. and Vlooswijk, M. C. and Majoie, H. M. and de Krom, M. C. and Aldenkamp, A. P. and Hofman, P. A. and Backes, W. H.},
   title = {White matter lesions in patients with localization-related epilepsy},
   journal = {Invest Radiol},
   volume = {43},
   number = {8},
   pages = {552-8},
   ISSN = {1536-0210 (Electronic)
0020-9996 (Linking)},
   DOI = {10.1097/RLI.0b013e31817e90d2},
   url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18648254},
   year = {2008},
   type = {Journal Article}
}

@article{kaye_proton_2008,
	title = {Proton pump inhibitor use and risk of hip fractures in patients without major risk factors},
	volume = {28},
	issn = {0277-0008},
	doi = {10.1592/phco.28.8.951},
	abstract = {STUDY OBJECTIVE: To estimate the relative risk of hip fracture associated with proton pump inhibitor (PPI) use in a population without major risk factors.
DESIGN: A two-phase, matched, nested case-control study.
DATA SOURCE: United Kingdom General Practice Research Database (GPRD).
PATIENTS: Phase 1 identified 4414 case patients (aged 50-79 yrs) with an incident hip fracture between 1995 and 2005 who had at least 2 years of recorded history in the GPRD; each case was matched by age, sex, and index date (date of first-time hip fracture for cases, same date for matched controls) to up to 10 controls who did not have hip fracture. Phase 2 included the 1098 case patients identified as having no major medical risk factors for hip fracture (as assessed in phase 1) and a new set of 10,923 controls without major risk factors for hip fracture matched by sex, age, index date, and duration of history in the GPRD.
MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: In phase 1, we identified major medical risk factors for hip fracture. In phase 2, we restricted the study to case patients with none of these risk factors and matched them to new controls, who also had none of the risk factors. Data on use of PPIs were collected and compared between the groups. The relative risk (RR) for hip fracture among patients who received any PPI prescription was 0.9 (95\% confidence interval 0.7-1.1) compared with those with no PPI prescription. We found no evidence of an increased risk of hip fracture with increased PPI use. The RR estimates were similar in both sexes and in all age subgroups. No specific PPI was associated with an increased risk of hip fracture.
CONCLUSION: Use of PPIs does not increase the risk of hip fracture in patients without major risk factors. The difference in results between our study and that of another, which indicated that PPI use increases the risk of hip fracture, may be due to residual confounding or effect modification in the latter study.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {8},
	journal = {Pharmacotherapy},
	author = {Kaye, James A. and Jick, Hershel},
	month = aug,
	year = {2008},
	pmid = {18657011},
	keywords = {Aged, Case-Control Studies, Female, Hip Fractures, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Proton Pump Inhibitors, Risk Factors},
	pages = {951--959}
}

Website  abstract   bibtex   

@article{
 title = {No effect of APOE and PVRL2 on the clinical outcome of multiple sclerosis},
 type = {article},
 year = {2007},
 identifiers = {[object Object]},
 keywords = {Adult,Apolipoproteins E/*genetics,Cell Adhesion Molecules/*genetics,Disease Progression,Female,Gene Frequency,Genotype,Humans,Male,Middle Aged,Multiple Sclerosis/*genetics/physiopathology,Severity of Illness Index},
 pages = {156-160},
 volume = {186},
 websites = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=17376543},
 edition = {2007/03/23},
 id = {97823616-1f4d-37f6-a788-8ec55f360a74},
 created = {2017-06-19T13:43:25.441Z},
 file_attached = {false},
 profile_id = {de68dde1-2ff3-3a4e-a214-ef424d0c7646},
 group_id = {b2078731-0913-33b9-8902-a53629a24e83},
 last_modified = {2017-06-19T13:43:25.558Z},
 read = {false},
 starred = {false},
 authored = {false},
 confirmed = {true},
 hidden = {false},
 source_type = {Journal Article},
 language = {eng},
 notes = {<m:note>Ramagopalan, S V<m:linebreak/>Deluca, G C<m:linebreak/>Morrison, K M<m:linebreak/>Herrera, B M<m:linebreak/>Dyment, D A<m:linebreak/>Orton, S<m:linebreak/>Bihoreau, M T<m:linebreak/>Degenhardt, A<m:linebreak/>Pugliatti, M<m:linebreak/>Sadovnick, A D<m:linebreak/>Sotgiu, S<m:linebreak/>Ebers, G C<m:linebreak/>Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't<m:linebreak/>Netherlands<m:linebreak/>Journal of neuroimmunology<m:linebreak/>S0165-5728(07)00061-6<m:linebreak/>J Neuroimmunol. 2007 May;186(1-2):156-60. Epub 2007 Mar 21.</m:note>},
 abstract = {Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a common inflammatory disease of the central nervous system unsurpassed for its variability in disease outcome. Apolipoprotein E (APOE) is involved in neuronal remodelling and several studies have attempted to examine the effect of APOE on MS disease severity, but its function in modifying the course of MS is controversial. It has been suggested recently that PVRL2, not APOE, is the locus on chromosome 19 which influences clinical outcome of MS. A cohort of sporadic MS cases, taken from opposite extremes of the putative distribution of long-term outcome using the most stringent clinical criteria to date, was used to determine the role of APOE and PVRL2 on MS disease severity. The MS cases selected represent the prognostic best 5% (benign MS) and worst 5% (malignant MS) of cases in terms of clinical outcome assessed by the EDSS. Genotyping the two sets of MS patients (112 benign and 51 malignant) and a replication cohort from Sardinia provided no evidence to suggest that APOE or PVRL2 have any outcome modifying activity. We conclude that APOE and PVRL2 have little or no effect on the clinical outcome of MS.},
 bibtype = {article},
 author = {Ramagopalan, S V and Deluca, G C and Morrison, K M and Herrera, B M and Dyment, D A and Orton, S and Bihoreau, M T and Degenhardt, A and Pugliatti, M and Sadovnick, A D and Sotgiu, S and Ebers, G C},
 journal = {J Neuroimmunol},
 number = {1-2}
}

@article{gentilini_is_2007,
	title = {Is avoiding post-mastectomy radiotherapy justified for patients with four or more involved axillary nodes and endocrine-responsive tumours? {Lessons} from a series in a single institution},
	volume = {18},
	issn = {0923-7534},
	shorttitle = {Is avoiding post-mastectomy radiotherapy justified for patients with four or more involved axillary nodes and endocrine-responsive tumours?},
	doi = {10.1093/annonc/mdm182},
	abstract = {BACKGROUND: Current guidelines for post-mastectomy radiotherapy (PMRT) derive largely from extrapolating information from multicentre trials. The aim of this study was to describe outcomes of patients who underwent mastectomy without radiotherapy in a single institution.
PATIENTS AND METHODS: 650 patients had total mastectomy and axillary dissection without PMRT between 1997 and 2001. Median follow-up was 65 months.
RESULTS: 5-year cumulative incidence of loco-regional recurrence (LRR) was 6.8\% (3.0, 8.1, 9.9\% in node negative, 1-3, {\textgreater} or =4 positive nodes, respectively). At the multivariate analysis, positive lymph nodes and endocrine non-responsive tumours were found to shorten LRR disease-free survival. In patients with positive hormone receptors, 5-year cumulative incidence of LRR disease-free survival were 2.3\%, 7.6\% and 7.6\% for node negative, 1-3 and {\textgreater} or =4 positive lymph nodes, respectively. The same figures were 5.9\%, 10.3\% and 20.0\% in patients with endocrine non-responsive tumours.
CONCLUSIONS: patients with endocrine-responsive tumours treated by mastectomy and complete (level III) axillary dissection have a low risk of LRR even if four or more positive lymph nodes are involved, thus giving rise to doubts on the use of PMRT in this subset of patients. On the other hand, PMRT might play a role for patients with negative hormone receptors and four or more positive nodes.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {8},
	journal = {Annals of oncology: official journal of the European Society for Medical Oncology / ESMO},
	author = {Gentilini, O and Botteri, E and Rotmensz, N and Intra, M and Gatti, G and Silva, L and Peradze, N and Sahium, R C and Gil, L B and Luini, A and Veronesi, P and Galimberti, V and Gandini, S and Goldhirsh, A and Veronesi, U},
	month = aug,
	year = {2007},
	pmid = {17693648},
	keywords = {Adult, Axilla, Breast Neoplasms, Combined Modality Therapy, Disease-Free Survival, Female, Humans, Kaplan-Meier Estimate, Lymphatic Metastasis, Lymph Node Excision, mastectomy, Middle Aged, Neoplasm Recurrence, Local, Radiotherapy, Adjuvant, Retrospective Studies, Treatment Outcome},
	pages = {1342--1347},
	file = {Ann Oncol-2007-Gentilini-1342-7.pdf:files/46589/Ann Oncol-2007-Gentilini-1342-7.pdf:application/pdf}
}

@article{hoberg_attachment_2007,
	title = {Attachment to laminin-111 facilitates transforming growth factor beta-induced expression of matrix metalloproteinase-3 in synovial fibroblasts.},
	volume = {66},
	doi = {10.1136/ard.2006.060228},
	abstract = {BACKGROUND: In the synovial membrane of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA),  a strong expression of laminins and matrix degrading proteases was reported. AIM: To investigate the regulation of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in synovial fibroblasts (SFs) of patients with osteoarthritis (OA) and RA by attachment to laminin-1 (LM-111) and in the presence or absence of costimulatory signals provided by transforming growth factor beta (TGFbeta). METHODS: SFs were seeded in laminin-coated flasks and activated by addition of TGFbeta. The expression of  genes was investigated by quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), immunocytochemistry and ELISA, and intracellular signalling pathways by immunoblotting, and by poisoning p38MAPK by SB203580, MEK-ERK by PD98059 and SMAD2 by A-83-01. RESULTS: Attachment of SF to LM-111 did not activate the expression of MMPs, but addition of TGFbeta induced a fivefold higher expression of MMP-3. Incubation of SF on LM-111 in the presence of TGFbeta induced a significant 12-fold higher expression of MMP-3 mRNA, and secretion of},
	language = {eng},
	number = {4},
	journal = {Annals of the rheumatic diseases},
	author = {Hoberg, Maik and Rudert, Maximilian and Pap, Thomas and Klein, Gerd and Gay, Steffen and Aicher, Wilhelm K.},
	month = apr,
	year = {2007},
	pmid = {17124250},
	pmcid = {PMC1856036},
	keywords = {Aged, Arthritis, Rheumatoid/*enzymology/metabolism/pathology, Cells, Cultured, Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases/metabolism, Female, Fibroblasts/enzymology, Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic/drug effects, Humans, Laminin/*metabolism, Male, Matrix Metalloproteinase 3/genetics/*metabolism, Middle Aged, Phosphorylation, Recombinant Proteins/pharmacology, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction/methods, Signal Transduction, Synovial Membrane/*enzymology/pathology, Transforming Growth Factor beta/*pharmacology},
	pages = {446--451}
}

@article{mayer_primary_2007,
	title = {Primary malignant sarcomas of the heart and great vessels in adult patients--a single-center experience.},
	volume = {12},
	doi = {10.1634/theoncologist.12-9-1134},
	abstract = {BACKGROUND: Sarcomas arising in the heart or the great vessels are rare entities. The prognosis of the patients is dismal. METHODS: Between January 1993 and September 2006, of 1,429 patients registered to the Sarcoma Center, 14 had a primary sarcoma of the heart or large vessels. RESULTS: Tumors were located in the left ventricle (n = 3), left/right atrium (n = 2/3), pulmonary artery (n = 2), and ventricular septum, aorta, pericardium, and inferior vena cava (n = 1 each). The most frequently encountered histologic subtypes were leiomyosarcoma and angiosarcoma. Six patients presented with distant metastases to the lungs (n  = 5), lymph nodes (n = 2), and liver (n = 1). Eight patients had localized disease. Six of them underwent resection with curative intent. Of those, two developed local recurrence within 2 and 10 months from surgery. Eleven patients received palliative chemotherapy, seven of those as initial treatment. Eight patients attained a response to treatment, two had disease stabilization for 6 and 12 months. After a median follow-up of 14.5 months (range, 2-156), three patients were alive with no evidence of disease 11, 52, and 156 months after diagnosis. Two patients were alive with disease and nine patients had died. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with primary sarcomas of the heart and the large vessels were of a young age, and more than half of them presented with advanced disease.  Given the promising response to chemotherapy, an optimized treatment approach including neoadjuvant chemo-/radiotherapy in patients with locally advanced disease should be pursued.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {9},
	journal = {The oncologist},
	author = {Mayer, Frank and Aebert, Hermann and Rudert, Maximilian and Konigsrainer, Alfred and Horger, Marius and Kanz, Lothar and Bamberg, Michael and Ziemer, Gerhard and Hartmann, Jorg Thomas},
	month = sep,
	year = {2007},
	pmid = {17914083},
	keywords = {Adult, Aortic Diseases/epidemiology, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Germany/epidemiology, Heart Neoplasms/*epidemiology, Hemangiosarcoma/epidemiology, Humans, Leiomyosarcoma/epidemiology, Lung Neoplasms/secondary, Lymphatic Metastasis, Male, Middle Aged, Neoadjuvant Therapy/statistics \& numerical data, Pulmonary Artery/pathology, Remission Induction, Retrospective Studies, Sarcoma/economics/*epidemiology, Survival Rate, Vascular Neoplasms/*epidemiology, Venae Cavae/pathology},
	pages = {1134--1142}
}

Paper  doi  abstract   bibtex   

@article{lassen_efficacy_2007,
	title = {The efficacy and safety of apixaban, an oral, direct factor {Xa} inhibitor, as thromboprophylaxis in patients following total knee replacement},
	volume = {5},
	issn = {15387933, 15387836},
	url = {http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/j.1538-7836.2007.02764.x},
	doi = {10.1111/j.1538-7836.2007.02764.x},
	abstract = {BACKGROUND:
Heparins and warfarin are currently used as venous thromboembolism (VTE) prophylaxis in surgery. Inhibition of factor (F) Xa provides a specific mechanism of anticoagulation and the potential for an improved benefit-risk profile.

OBJECTIVES:
To evaluate the safety and efficacy of apixaban, a potent, direct, oral inhibitor of FXa, in patients following total knee replacement (TKR), and to investigate dose-response relationships.

PATIENTS/METHODS:
A total of 1238 patients were randomized to one of six double-blind apixaban doses [5, 10 or 20 mg day(-1) administered as a single (q.d.) or a twice-daily divided dose (b.i.d.)], enoxaparin (30 mg b.i.d.) or open-label warfarin (titrated to an International Normalized Ratio of 1.8-3.0). Treatment lasted 10-14 days, commencing 12-24 h after surgery with apixaban or enoxaparin, and on the evening of surgery with warfarin. The primary efficacy outcome was a composite of VTE (mandatory venography) and all-cause mortality during treatment. The primary safety outcome was major bleeding.

RESULTS:
A total of 1217 patients were eligible for safety and 856 patients for efficacy analysis. All apixaban groups had lower primary efficacy event rates than either comparator. The primary outcome rate decreased with increasing apixaban dose (P = 0.09 with q.d./b.i.d. regimens combined, P = 0.19 for q.d. and P = 0.13 for b.i.d. dosing).A significant dose-related increase in the incidence of total adjudicated bleeding events was noted in the q.d. (P = 0.01) and b.i.d. (P = 0.02) apixaban groups; there was no difference between q.d. and b.i.d. regimens.

CONCLUSIONS:
Apixaban in doses of 2.5 mg b.i.d. or 5 mg q.d. has a promising benefit-risk profile compared with the current standards of care following TKR.},
	language = {en},
	number = {12},
	urldate = {2016-11-30},
	journal = {Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis},
	author = {Lassen, M. R. and Davidson, B. L. and Gallus, A. and Pineo, G. and Ansell, J. and Deitchman, D.},
	month = dec,
	year = {2007},
	pmid = {17868430},
	pages = {2368--2375},
}

@article{fox_prevalence_2006,
	title = {Prevalence of inadequate glycemic control among patients with type 2 diabetes in the {United} {Kingdom} general practice research database: {A} series of retrospective analyses of data from 1998 through 2002},
	volume = {28},
	issn = {0149-2918},
	shorttitle = {Prevalence of inadequate glycemic control among patients with type 2 diabetes in the {United} {Kingdom} general practice research database},
	doi = {10.1016/j.clinthera.2006.03.005},
	abstract = {BACKGROUND: Since the mid-1990s, the development of new oral antidiabetic agents (OAs) and treatment guidelines have created an opportunity to improve glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes.
OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to assess the prevalence of good and inadequate glycemic control across a 5-year period among patients with diabetes in the United Kingdom. It also investigated the factors associated with achieving glycemic targets.
METHODS: This was a retrospective, cross-sectional analysis of data from the General Practice Research Database. Three limits were used to assess glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c): 6.5\%, 7.0\%, or 7.5\%. Values above the cutoffs indicated inadequate control of HbA1c; those at or below the cutoffs indicated good control. The study evaluated clinical and pharmacy data from the years 1998 to 2002 for patients with type 2 diabetes, {\textgreater} or =2 years of follow-up, and {\textgreater} or =2 HbA1c measurements during the first year. Five independent cross-sectional analyses were conducted, grouping data by year. Statistical significance was determined by Student t and chi2 tests.
RESULTS: Data were analyzed for 10,663 patients aged 17 to 98 years. The number of total eligible type 2 diabetes patients increased over the course of the study period: 5674 patients in 1998, 6553 in 1999, 7314 in 2000, 7323 in 2001, and 6192 in 2002. Overall, the study population had a mean (SD) age of 66 (11.0) years, was 53\% male (3033/5674), and had a body mass index of 29 kg/m(2). Seventy-six percent of patients had HbA1c {\textgreater}7.0\% and 37\% were taking {\textgreater} or =2 oral agents. In 1998 and 2002, 79\% (4482/5674) and 76\% (4732/6192) of patients, respectively, had inadequate glycemic control, defined as HbA1c {\textgreater}7.0\%. When defined as HbA1c {\textgreater}7.5\%, 69\% (3923/5674) and 62\% (3814/6192) of patients, respectively, had inadequate control. Finally, when defined as HbA1c {\textgreater}6.5\%, 88\% (5011/5674) of patients in both 1998 and 2002 had inadequate control. Compared with patients with good disease control (HbA1c {\textless} or =7.0\%), patients with inadequate control were approximately 2 years younger (P {\textless} 0.001) and had been prescribed more OAs: 41\% received {\textgreater} or =2 OAs in 1998 and 52\% in 2002, compared with 23\% and 34\% (both, P = 0.001), respectively, of patients with good glycemic control (P {\textless} 0.02). Sex, number of diabetes complications, and number of comorbidities did not differ between groups (P = NS).
CONCLUSIONS: Despite the introduction of new OAs and treatment guidelines, the prevalence of inadequate glycemic control remains high ({\textgreater}60\%) in patients with type 2 diabetes in the United Kingdom. Regardless of the HbA1c cutoff, patients with inadequate control were younger and received prescriptions for more OAs than patients with good control.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {3},
	journal = {Clinical Therapeutics},
	author = {Fox, Kathleen M. and Gerber Pharmd, Robert A. and Bolinder, Bjorn and Chen, Jack and Kumar, Sanjaya},
	month = mar,
	year = {2006},
	pmid = {16750453},
	keywords = {Administration, Oral, Adolescent, Adult, Age Factors, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Body Mass Index, Cross-Sectional Studies, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Family Practice, Female, Great Britain, Hemoglobin A, Glycosylated, Humans, Hypoglycemic Agents, Insulin, Male, Middle Aged, Prevalence, Retrospective Studies, databases as topic},
	pages = {388--395}
}

@article{shepherd_comparison_2006,
	title = {Comparison of {BMD} precision for {Prodigy} and {Delphi} spine and femur scans},
	volume = {17},
	issn = {0937-941X},
	doi = {10.1007/s00198-006-0127-9},
	abstract = {INTRODUCTION: Precision error in bone mineral density (BMD) measurement can be affected by patient positioning, variations in scan analysis, automation of software, and both short- and long-term fluctuations of the densitometry equipment. Minimization and characterization of these errors is essential for reliable assessment of BMD change over time.
METHODS: We compared the short-term precision error of two dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) devices: the Lunar Prodigy (GE Healthcare) and the Delphi (Hologic). Both are fan-beam DXA devices predominantly used to measure BMD of the spine and proximal femur. In this study, 87 women (mean age 61.6+/-8.9 years) were measured in duplicate, with repositioning, on both systems, at one of three clinical centers. The technologists were International Society for Clinical Densitometry (ISCD) certified and followed manufacturer-recommended procedures. All scans were acquired using 30-s scan modes. Precision error was calculated as the root-mean-square standard deviation (RMS-SD) and coefficient of variation (RMS-\%CV) for the repeated measurements. Right and left femora were evaluated individually and as a combined dual femur precision. Precision error of Prodigy and Delphi measurements at each measurement region was compared using an F test to determine significance of any observed differences.
RESULTS: While precision errors for both systems were low, Prodigy precision errors were significantly lower than Delphi at L1-L4 spine (1.0\% vs 1.2\%), total femur (0.9\% vs 1.3\%), femoral neck (1.5\% vs 1.9\%), and dual total femur (0.6\% vs 0.9\%). Dual femur modes decreased precision errors by approximately 25\% compared with single femur results.
CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that short-term BMD precision errors are skeletal-site and manufacturer specific. In clinical practice, precision should be considered when determining: (a) the minimum time interval between baseline and follow-up scans and (b) whether a statistically significant change in the patient's BMD has occurred.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {9},
	journal = {Osteoporosis international: a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA},
	author = {Shepherd, J. A. and Fan, B. and Lu, Y. and Lewiecki, E. M. and Miller, P. and Genant, H. K.},
	year = {2006},
	pmid = {16823544},
	keywords = {Absorptiometry, Photon, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Bone Density, Female, Femur, Femur Neck, Hip Joint, Humans, Lumbar Vertebrae, Middle Aged, Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal, Postmenopause, Reproducibility of Results},
	pages = {1303--1308}
}

@article{westhoff_tacrolimus_2006,
	title = {Tacrolimus in steroid-resistant and steroid-dependent nephrotic syndrome.},
	volume = {65},
	issn = {0301-0430 0301-0430},
	abstract = {BACKGROUND: Steroid resistance and steroid dependence constitute a major problem  in the treatment of minimal-change disease and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS). Cyclophosphamide and cyclosporine are well-established alternative immunomodulating agents, whereas data on FK 506 (tacrolimus) are rare. METHODS: The present work provides data from 10 patients of an open, monocentric, non-randomized, prospective trial. Five patients with steroid-dependent minimal-change nephrotic syndrome, 1 patient with steroid-refractory minimal-change disease and 4 patients with steroid-refractory FSGS were started on tacrolimus at trough levels of 5 10 microg/l. In case of steroid-dependence, prednisolone was tapered off in presence oftacrolimus within one month. RESULTS:  Within 6 months, complete remission was achieved in 5 patients (50\%) and partial  remission in 4 patients (40\%), yielding a final response rate of 90\%. One patient was primarily resistent to tacrolimus (steroid-refractory minimal-change), another patient became secondarily resistant to tacrolimus after an initial remission (steroid-refractory FSGS). Average proteinuria significantly decreased  by 77\% from 9.5 +/- 1.4 - 2.2 +/- 1.1 g/day (p {\textless} 0.01). Serum protein significantly raised from 55.0 +/- 1.9 - 64.6 +/- 1.9 g/l (p {\textless} 0.01). Tacrolimus  induced non-significant increases of blood glucose (4.9 +/- 0.1 - 5.1 +/- 0.2 mmol/l), systolic blood pressure (131.4 +/- 7.1 - 139.0 +/- 7.6 mmHg) and creatinine (93.2 +/- 13.9 103.2 +/- 15.3 mmol/l). Five patients have been tapered off tacrolimus so far, nephrotic syndrome relapsed in 4 of them (80\%). Relapse occurred at tacrolimus levels between 2.6 and 6.9 ng/ml. CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggest that tacrolimus may be a promising alternative to cyclosporine both in steroid-resistant and steroid-dependent nephrotic syndrome.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {6},
	journal = {Clinical nephrology},
	author = {Westhoff, T. H. and Schmidt, S. and Zidek, W. and Beige, J. and van der Giet, M.},
	month = jun,
	year = {2006},
	pmid = {16792133},
	keywords = {Adult, Blood Glucose/analysis, Blood Pressure/drug effects, Blood Proteins/analysis, Creatinine/urine, Drug Resistance, Drug Therapy, Combination, Female, Glomerulosclerosis, Focal Segmental/drug therapy, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Nephrosis, Lipoid/drug therapy, Nephrotic Syndrome/*drug therapy, Prednisolone/therapeutic use, Proteinuria/drug therapy, Steroids/pharmacology/*therapeutic use, Tacrolimus/*therapeutic use},
	pages = {393--400}
}

Website  abstract   bibtex   

@article{
 title = {Child passenger safety for inner-city Latinos: new approaches from the community.},
 type = {article},
 year = {2006},
 identifiers = {[object Object]},
 keywords = {Adolescent,Adult,Attitudes,Automobiles,Child,Community Health Services,Community Health Services: organization & administ,Female,Health Education,Health Education: methods,Health Knowledge,Hispanic Americans,Humans,Infant,Infant Equipment,Infant Equipment: utilization,Male,Middle Aged,Newborn,Parents,Practice,Preschool,Program Evaluation,United States,Urban Health Services,Urban Health Services: organization & administrati,Wounds and Injuries,Wounds and Injuries: ethnology,Wounds and Injuries: prevention & control},
 pages = {99-104},
 volume = {12},
 websites = {http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=2577363&tool=pmcentrez&rendertype=abstract},
 month = {4},
 id = {87fdea4a-6f0c-3a6b-86a9-61cad4b0a1b7},
 created = {2016-09-13T00:48:25.000Z},
 accessed = {2016-09-05},
 file_attached = {false},
 profile_id = {c7856f8a-4963-3e63-90cb-57986d91c9b0},
 group_id = {1fd78437-06d9-37cf-b89d-417b03940b66},
 last_modified = {2016-09-13T05:55:52.000Z},
 read = {false},
 starred = {false},
 authored = {false},
 confirmed = {false},
 hidden = {false},
 abstract = {Motor vehicle crashes injuries, the leading cause of death for Latino children in the United States, can be reduced by the correct use of child safety seats. This study evaluated the ability of a community health worker education program to improve proper child safety seat usage in urban low income Latino families.},
 bibtype = {article},
 author = {Martin, M. and Holden, J. and Chen, Z. and Quinlan, K.},
 journal = {Injury prevention : journal of the International Society for Child and Adolescent Injury Prevention},
 number = {2}
}

Paper  doi  bibtex   

@article{cottencin_o_DIRECTED_2006,
title = {Directed forgetting in PTSD: A comparative study versus normal controls},
volume = {40},
issn = {0022-3956},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15907941},
DOI = {10.1016/j.jpsychires.2005.04.001},
Language = {English},
Journal = {J. Psychiatr. Res.},
author = {{Cottencin O} and {Vaiva G} and {Huron C} and {Devos P} and {Ducrocq F} and {Jouvent R} and {Goudemand M} and {Thomas P}},
year = {2006},
keywords = {Adult, Attention*, Female, Humans, Inhibition, Psychological*, Life Change Events, Male, Memory, Short-Term, Mental Recall*, Middle Aged, Neuropsychological Tests/statistics & numerical data, Psychometrics, Reference Values, Retention, Psychology, Set, Psychology, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/diagnosis, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/psychology, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/therapy*, Treatment Outcome, Verbal Learning},
pages = {70-80}
}

Paper  doi  abstract   bibtex   

@article{paradowski_effect_2005,
	title = {The effect of patient characteristics on variability in pain and function over two years in early knee osteoarthritis.},
	volume = {3},
	issn = {1477-7525 1477-7525},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1477-7525-3-59},
	doi = {10.1186/1477-7525-3-59},
	abstract = {BACKGROUND: Large variations in pain and function are seen over time in subjects  at risk for and with radiographic knee osteoarthritis (OA). We hypothesized that  this variation may be related not only to knee OA but also to patient characteristics. The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of  age, gender, and body mass index (BMI) on clinically relevant change in pain and  function over two years in subjects at high risk for or with knee OA. METHODS: We assessed 143 individuals (16\% women, mean age 50 years [range 27-83]) twice; 14 and 16 years after isolated meniscectomy. Subjects completed one disease-specific questionnaire, the Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) and one generic measure, the SF-36. Individuals with a BMI between 25 and 29.9 were considered overweight, while individuals with a BMI of 30 or more were considered obese. RESULTS: Subjects aged 46-56 (the middle tertile) were more likely to change ({\textgreater} or =10 points on a 0-100 scale) in the KOOS subscale Activities of Daily Living (ADL) than younger subjects (odds ratio [OR] 4.5, 95\% confidence interval [95\% CI] 1.5-13.0). Essentially the same result was obtained after adjusting for baseline values. Overweight or obesity was a risk factor for clinically relevant change for knee pain (OR 2.4, 95\% CI 1.0-5.8, OR 4.0, 95\% CI  1.2-13.6) and obesity for change in ADL (OR 4.3, 95\% CI 1.2-15.4). The results did not remain significant when adjusted for the respective baseline value. Being symptomatic was strongly associated with increased variation in pain and function while presence or absence of radiographic changes did not influence change over two years in this cohort. CONCLUSION: In a population highly enriched in early-stage and established knee OA, symptomatic, middle-aged, and overweight or  obese subjects were more likely to vary in their knee function and pain over two  years. The natural course of knee pain and function may be associated with subject characteristics such as age and BMI.},
	language = {eng},
	journal = {Health and quality of life outcomes},
	author = {Paradowski, Przemyslaw T. and Englund, Martin and Lohmander, L. Stefan and Roos, Ewa M.},
	year = {2005},
	pmid = {16188034},
	pmcid = {PMC1253528},
	keywords = {*Outcome Assessment (Health Care), *Sickness Impact Profile, Age Factors, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Anterior Cruciate Ligament/physiopathology/surgery, Body Mass Index, Female, Humans, Male, Menisci, Tibial/physiopathology/*surgery, Middle Aged, Obesity/complications, Osteoarthritis, Knee/*physiopathology/surgery, Pain/*physiopathology, Recreation, Sex Factors, Surveys and Questionnaires, Sweden/epidemiology},
	pages = {59},
}

Paper  abstract   bibtex   

@article{johnson-restrepo_polybrominated_2005,
	title = {Polybrominated diphenyl ethers and polychlorinated biphenyls in human adipose tissue from {New} {York}.},
	volume = {39},
	issn = {0013-936X},
	url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16082945},
	abstract = {Human adipose tissue samples (n=52) collected in New York City during 2003-2004 were analyzed for the presence of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Concentrations of PBDEs in adipose tissues ranged from 17 to 9630 ng/g, lipid wt (median: 77; mean: 399 ng/g, lipid wt; sum all di- through hexaBDE congeners). Average PBDE concentrations in human adipose tissues from New York City were 10- to 100-times greater than those reported for European countries. A concentration of 9630 ng/g, lipid wt, found in a sample of adipose tissue, is one of the highest concentrations reported to date. PBDE 47 (2,2',4,4'-tetraBDE) was the major congener detected in human tissues, followed by PBDE congeners \#99 (2,2',4,4',5-penta BDE), 100 (2,2',4,4',6-pentaBDE), and 153 (2,2',4,4',5,5'-hexaBDE). A few individuals contained PBDE 153 as the predominant congener in total PBDE concentrations, suggesting alternative exposure sources, possibly occupational. Principal component analysis of PBDE congener composition in human adipose tissues revealed the presence of five clusters, each characterized by varying composition. No significant difference was found in the concentrations of PBDEs between gender. Concentrations of PBDEs were, on average, similar to those for PCBs in human adipose tissues, and substantially higher when PBDE outliers were retained. PBDE and PCB concentrations were not correlated. PBDE concentrations did not increase with increasing age of the subjects, whereas concentrations of PCBs increased with increasing age in males but not in females in this study. These results suggest differences between PBDEs and PCBs in their sources or time course of exposure and disposition. The presence of comparable or greater concentrations of PBDEs, relative to PCBs, highlights the importance of recentvoluntary and regulatory effortsto cease production of commercial penta- and octa-BDE in North America, although these efforts do not address continuing emissions from existing sources, such as polyurethane foams.},
	number = {14},
	journal = {Environmental science \& technology},
	author = {Johnson-Restrepo, Boris and Kannan, Kurunthachalam and Rapaport, David P and Rodan, Bruce D},
	month = jul,
	year = {2005},
	pmid = {16082945},
	keywords = {Adipose Tissue, Adipose Tissue: chemistry, Adolescent, Adult, Age Factors, Environmental Exposure, Environmental Pollutants, Environmental Pollutants: analysis, Environmental Pollutants: pharmacokinetics, Ethers, Ethers: analysis, Ethers: pharmacokinetics, Female, Flame retardants, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, New York, Polybrominated Biphenyls, Polybrominated Biphenyls: analysis, Polybrominated Biphenyls: pharmacokinetics, Polychlorinated Biphenyls, Polychlorinated Biphenyls: analysis, Polychlorinated Biphenyls: pharmacokinetics, Principal Component Analysis, Sex Factors, ffr, hum},
	pages = {5177--82}
}

@article{kaye_antibiotics_2005,
	title = {Antibiotics and the risk of breast cancer},
	volume = {16},
	issn = {1044-3983},
	abstract = {BACKGROUND: Two recent studies found a positive association between antibiotic use and the risk of breast cancer.
METHODS: Using information from the U.K. General Practice Research Database, we identified 1268 cases of incident breast cancer (40- to 79-year-old women diagnosed in 1987 to 2002 who had at least 6 years of history recorded in the General Practice Research Database) and 6291 female controls matched to the cases on age, general practice, and duration of history recorded in the General Practice Research Database. We ascertained antibiotic prescriptions (penicillins, cephalosporins, sulfonamides, macrolides, tetracyclines, quinolones, metronidazole, and nitrofurantoin) recorded up to 1 year before the index date.
RESULTS: Odds ratios (95\% confidence intervals) of breast cancer for 0, 1-50, 51-100, 101-500, and 501 or more cumulative days of antibiotic use were 1.0 (reference), 1.0 (0.9-1.2), 0.9 (0.7-1.2), 0.9 (0.7-1.3), and 1.2 (0.6-2.4).
CONCLUSIONS: These data do not support the hypothesis that antibiotic use is associated with an increased risk of breast cancer.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {5},
	journal = {Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.)},
	author = {Kaye, James A. and Jick, Hershel},
	month = sep,
	year = {2005},
	pmid = {16135947},
	keywords = {Adult, Aged, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Breast Neoplasms, Case-Control Studies, Female, Great Britain, Humans, Logistic Models, Middle Aged, Risk, incidence},
	pages = {688--690}
}

Paper  doi  bibtex   

@article{gouyer_v_TISSUE_2005,
title = {Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1 is an independent predictor of prognosis in patients with nonsmall cell lung carcinoma who undergo resection with curative intent},
volume = {103},
issn = {0008-543X},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15754326},
DOI = {10.1002/cncr.20965},
Language = {English},
Journal = {Cancer},
author = {{Gouyer V} and {Conti M} and {Devos P} and {Zerimech F} and {Copin MC} and {Creme E} and {Wurtz A} and {Porte H} and {Huet G}},
year = {2005},
keywords = {Adenocarcinoma/metabolism, Adenocarcinoma/pathology, Adenocarcinoma/surgery, Adult, Aged, Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism, Blotting, Northern, Carcinoma, Large Cell/metabolism, Carcinoma, Large Cell/pathology, Carcinoma, Large Cell/surgery, Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/metabolism*, Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/pathology, Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/surgery, Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/metabolism, Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/pathology, Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/surgery, Case-Control Studies, Disease Progression, Humans, Lung/metabolism, Lung/pathology, Lung Neoplasms/metabolism*, Lung Neoplasms/pathology, Lung Neoplasms/surgery, Lymphatic Metastasis, Matrix Metalloproteinase 1/genetics, Matrix Metalloproteinase 1/metabolism, Matrix Metalloproteinase 9/genetics, Matrix Metalloproteinase 9/metabolism, Middle Aged, Neoplasm Staging, Prognosis, RNA, Messenger/genetics, RNA, Messenger/metabolism, Survival Rate, Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1/genetics, Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1/metabolism*, Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-2/genetics, Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-2/metabolism},
pages = {1676-1684}
}

@article{poplawski_polymorphisms_2005,
	title = {Polymorphisms of the {DNA} mismatch repair gene {HMSH2} in breast cancer occurence and progression},
	volume = {94},
	issn = {0167-6806},
	doi = {10.1007/s10549-005-4793-7},
	abstract = {The response of the cell to DNA damage and its ability to maintain genomic stability by DNA repair are crucial in preventing cancer initiation and progression. Therefore, polymorphism of DNA repair genes may affect the process of carcinogenesis. The importance of genetic variability of the components of mismatch repair (MMR) genes is well documented in colorectal cancer, but little is known about its role in breast cancer. hMSH2 is one of the crucial proteins of MMR. We performed a case-control study to test the association between two polymorphisms in the hMSH2 gene: an A --{\textgreater} G transition at 127 position producing an Asn --{\textgreater} Ser substitution at codon 127 (the Asn127Ser polymorphism) and a G --{\textgreater} A transition at 1032 position resulting in a Gly --{\textgreater} Asp change at codon 322 (the Gly322Asp polymorphism) and breast cancer risk and cancer progression. Genotypes were determined in DNA from peripheral blood lymphocytes of 150 breast cancer patients and 150 age-matched women (controls) by restriction fragment length polymorphism and allele-specific PCR. We did not observe any correlation between studied polymorphisms and breast cancer progression evaluated by node-metastasis, tumor size and Bloom-Richardson grading. A strong association between breast cancer occurrence and the Gly/Gly phenotype of the Gly322Asp polymorphism (odds ratio 8.39; 95\% confidence interval 1.44-48.8) was found. Therefore, MMR may play a role in the breast carcinogenesis and the Gly322Asp polymorphism of the hMSH2 gene may be considered as a potential marker in breast cancer.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {3},
	journal = {Breast Cancer Research and Treatment},
	author = {Poplawski, Tomasz and Zadrozny, Marek and Kolacinska, Agnieszka and Rykala, Jan and Morawiec, Zbigniew and Blasiak, Janusz},
	month = dec,
	year = {2005},
	pmid = {16252083},
	keywords = {Breast Neoplasms, Case-Control Studies, Cell Transformation, Neoplastic, DNA Damage, DNA Repair, Female, Genotype, Humans, Lymphocytes, Middle Aged, MutS Homolog 2 Protein, Phenotype, Point Mutation, Polymorphism, Genetic, Risk Factors, Tumor Markers, Biological},
	pages = {199--204}
}

@article{fischer_discontinuation_2004,
	title = {Discontinuation of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug therapy and risk of acute myocardial infarction},
	volume = {164},
	issn = {0003-9926},
	doi = {10.1001/archinte.164.22.2472},
	abstract = {BACKGROUND: Systemic inflammation has been shown to be associated with an increased risk of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). However, the effect of the use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) on the risk of AMI has not yet been well defined. We therefore studied the risk of AMI during NSAID exposure and after the cessation of NSAID therapy.
METHODS: We conducted a large case-control analysis on the British General Practice Research Database. The study included 8688 cases with a first-time AMI between 1995 and 2001 and 33 923 controls, matched to cases on age, sex, calendar time, and general practice attended.
RESULTS: After adjusting for hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes mellitus, ischemic heart disease, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, acute chest infection, body mass index, smoking, and aspirin use, the risk of AMI was 1.52 (95\% confidence interval [CI], 1.33-1.74) for subjects who stopped taking NSAIDs 1 to 29 days prior to the index date, compared with nonusers. The risk was highest in subjects with rheumatoid arthritis or systemic lupus erythematosus (adjusted OR, 3.68 [95\% CI, 2.36-5.74]) and for subjects who discontinued therapy with NSAIDs after previous long-term use (adjusted OR, 2.60 [95\% CI, 1.84-3.68]). Current and past NSAID use (discontinued therapy {\textgreater}/=60 days prior to the index date) were not associated with an increased risk of AMI (adjusted OR, 1.07 [95\% CI, 0.96-1.19] and 1.05 [95\% CI, 0.99-1.12], respectively).
CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that the risk of AMI is increased during several weeks after the cessation of NSAID therapy.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {22},
	journal = {Archives of Internal Medicine},
	author = {Fischer, Lorenz M. and Schlienger, Raymond G. and Matter, Christian M. and Jick, Hershel and Meier, Christoph R.},
	month = dec,
	year = {2004},
	pmid = {15596638},
	keywords = {Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal, Arthritis, Rheumatoid, Female, Humans, Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic, Male, Middle Aged, Myocardial Infarction, Substance Withdrawal Syndrome},
	pages = {2472--2476}
}

@article{boyle_5-alpha_2004,
	title = {5-{Alpha} reductase inhibition provides superior benefits to alpha blockade by preventing {AUR} and {BPH}-related surgery},
	volume = {45},
	issn = {0302-2838},
	doi = {10.1016/j.eururo.2003.09.012},
	abstract = {OBJECTIVES: This analysis examines the relative effectiveness of current medical therapies for BPH in preventing AUR, AUR-related catheterisation and surgery in real-life clinical practice.
METHODS: This is a retrospective analysis of observational data from the General Practice Research Database (UK) (GPRD). The cohort contains 4500 patients experiencing BPH or lower urinary tract symptoms strongly suggestive of BPH, aged over 50 years, who were prescribed a 5ARI (finasteride) or an alpha-blocker (alfuzosin, doxazosin, indoramin, prazosin, tamsulosin, terazosin) as their first BPH treatment between 1996 and 1999 inclusive. Cox regression and competing risks analyses, adjusted for age and year of first treatment, followed patients from the start of their first BPH treatment to AUR, catheterisation or surgery, or censoring.
RESULTS: Patients prescribed an alpha-blocker were significantly more likely to experience AUR (hazard ratio 2.32, 95\%CI 1.37, 3.94) or surgery (hazard ratio 1.78, 95\%CI 1.30, 2.44) than patients prescribed a 5ARI. These differences were sustained with sensitivity analyses.
CONCLUSION: Real-life clinical practice shows that significantly fewer BPH patients prescribed a 5ARI experienced serious complications associated with the progression of BPH compared with those prescribed an alpha-blocker.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {5},
	journal = {European Urology},
	author = {Boyle, P. and Roehrborn, C. and Harkaway, R. and Logie, J. and de la Rosette, J. and Emberton, M.},
	month = may,
	year = {2004},
	pmid = {15082205},
	keywords = {5-alpha Reductase Inhibitors, Acute Disease, Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Enzyme Inhibitors, Finasteride, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Middle Aged, Prostatic Hyperplasia, Regression Analysis, Retrospective Studies, Urinary Retention},
	pages = {620--626; discussion 626--627}
}

@article{morant_application_2004,
	title = {Application of a propensity score to adjust for channelling bias with {NSAIDs}},
	volume = {13},
	issn = {1053-8569},
	doi = {10.1002/pds.946},
	abstract = {PURPOSE: To compare the relative risks of upper GI haemorrhage (UGIH) in users of Newer versus Older, non-specific NSAIDs when adjusted for channelling bias by regression on individual covariates, a propensity score and both.
METHODS: Cohort study of patients prescribed NSAIDs between June 1987 and January 2000. Exposure to Newer and Older non-specific NSAIDs was identified, and risk factors evaluated for each patient. Results of multiple covariate analyses and the propensity scoring technique to assess potential channelling bias in comparisons between Newer and Older non-specific NSAIDs were compared.
RESULTS: This study included 7.1 thousand patient years (tpy) exposure to meloxicam, 1.6 tpy exposure to coxibs, and 628 tpy exposure to Older non-specific NSAIDs. Patients receiving Newer NSAIDs were older, more likely to have a history of GI symptoms, and at higher risk for GI complications. Adjusting for these risk factors reduced the relative risks of UGIH on meloxicam and coxibs versus Older non-specific NSAIDs to 0.84 (95\%CI 0.60, 1.17) and 0.36 (0.14, 0.97) respectively.
CONCLUSIONS: Channelling towards high GI risk patients occurred in the prescribing of Newer NSAIDs. Propensity scores highlighted the markedly different risk profiles of users of Newer and Older non-specific NSAID. Correcting for channelling bias, coxib exposure, but not meloxicam exposure, was associated with less UGIH than Older non-specific NSAID exposure. In the present study, corrections made by regression on a propensity score and on individual covariates were similar.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {6},
	journal = {Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety},
	author = {Morant, S. V. and Pettitt, D. and MacDonald, T. M. and Burke, T. A. and Goldstein, J. L.},
	month = jun,
	year = {2004},
	pmid = {15170763},
	keywords = {Adult, Age Factors, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal, Cohort Studies, Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors, Databases, Factual, Drug Utilization Review, Family Practice, Female, Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage, Great Britain, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Osteoarthritis, Regression Analysis, Risk Factors, Sex Factors, Thiazines, Thiazoles, pharmacoepidemiology},
	pages = {345--353}
}

Website  abstract   bibtex   

@article{
 title = {Genetic factors in longevity},
 type = {article},
 year = {2003},
 identifiers = {[object Object]},
 keywords = {*Polymorphism,Aged,Apolipoproteins E/genetics,English Abstract,Environment,Genetic,Genetic Markers,Humans,Longevity/*genetics,Middle Aged,Twin Studies},
 pages = {365-369},
 volume = {32},
 websites = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=12712685},
 id = {362160a5-7ac7-38b4-a59b-5cbf995c24d1},
 created = {2017-06-19T13:43:48.429Z},
 file_attached = {false},
 profile_id = {de68dde1-2ff3-3a4e-a214-ef424d0c7646},
 group_id = {b2078731-0913-33b9-8902-a53629a24e83},
 last_modified = {2017-06-19T13:43:48.541Z},
 read = {false},
 starred = {false},
 authored = {false},
 confirmed = {true},
 hidden = {false},
 source_type = {Journal Article},
 notes = {<m:note>0755-4982<m:linebreak/>Journal Article</m:note>},
 abstract = {TO IDENTIFY THE GENETIC FACTORS: Family and twin studies showed that longevity results from the interaction of genetic and environmental factors. Despite progress the performed made in the study of animal models highlighting some interesting metabolic pathways, characterization of genetic factors remains difficult in human beings. Two genetic approaches are currently available: association studies and sib-pair analyses. ASSOCIATION STUDIES: The first method is based on the comparison of polymorphism repartitions on candidate genes in two matched populations of old people and young controls. SIB-PAIR ANALYSES: The second requires genotyping of brothers and/or sisters on a set of highly polymorphic markers, in order to identify new candidate regions on the genome. APOE: Until now, the only gene that remains clearly associated with longevity is the Apolipoprotein E gene.},
 bibtype = {article},
 author = {Blanche, H},
 journal = {Presse Med},
 number = {8}
}

@article{peyriere_adverse_2003,
	title = {Adverse drug events associated with hospital admission},
	volume = {37},
	issn = {1060-0280},
	abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To increase the knowledge base on the frequency, causality, and avoidability of adverse drug events (ADEs) as a cause for admission in internal medicine or when occurring during hospitalization.
METHODS: A prospective study was performed for 6 periods of 8 days each. Epidemiologic data (e.g., age, gender, medical history), drug utilization, and adverse drug reactions on patients hospitalized during these periods were collected by a pharmacy student.
RESULTS: A total of 156 patients (70 men and 86 women) were included in the study. The patients' mean age +/- SD was 66.5 +/- 18.1 years and mean length of stay was 13.2 +/- 9 days. Renal and hepatic insufficiency and previous history of drug intolerance were observed in 17.9\%, 10.2\%, and 2\% of the hospitalized patients, respectively. Thirty-eight ADEs occurred in 32 patients; in 15 cases, ADEs were identified as the reason for admission, 10 cases occurred during hospitalization, and 13 cases were present at admission, but were not the cause of admission. The most frequent ADEs involved the neurologic (23.6\%), renal (15.7\%), and hematologic (13.1\%) systems. Among these 38 ADEs, 22 were considered avoidable (57.9\%); 20 of these were associated with therapeutic errors (inappropriate administration, drug-drug interactions, dosage error, drug not stopped despite the onset of ADEs). Patients with ADEs stayed longer in the hospital and took more drugs both before and during their hospital stay (p {\textless} 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS: Most of the ADEs observed in this study were avoidable. The risk/benefit ratio of administered drugs could be improved with better knowledge of the patients' medical history and the risk factors of ADEs.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {1},
	journal = {The Annals of Pharmacotherapy},
	author = {Peyriere, Hélène and Cassan, Stéphanie and Floutard, Edith and Riviere, Sophie and Blayac, Jean-Pierre and Hillaire-Buys, Dominique and Le Quellec, Alain and Hansel, Sylvie},
	month = jan,
	year = {2003},
	pmid = {12503925},
	keywords = {Adult, Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting Systems, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Drug Hypersensitivity, Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions, Female, Hospitalization, Humans, Length of Stay, Male, Medication Errors, Middle Aged, Pharmacy Service, Hospital, Prospective Studies, Risk Factors},
	pages = {5--11}
}

Paper  abstract   bibtex   

@article{
 title = {Stereotactic radiosurgery for hemangiomas and ependymomas of the spinal cord.},
 type = {article},
 year = {2003},
 identifiers = {[object Object]},
 keywords = {Adult,Brain Neoplasms,Brain Neoplasms: genetics,Brain Neoplasms: surgery,Ependymoma,Ependymoma: surgery,Female,Follow-Up Studies,Hemangioblastoma,Hemangioblastoma: genetics,Hemangioblastoma: surgery,Humans,Male,Middle Aged,Neoplasm Recurrence, Local,Neoplasm Recurrence, Local: surgery,Neoplasms, Multiple Primary,Neoplasms, Multiple Primary: genetics,Neoplasms, Multiple Primary: surgery,Radiosurgery,Radiosurgery: statistics & numerical data,Radiotherapy Dosage,Spinal Neoplasms,Spinal Neoplasms: genetics,Spinal Neoplasms: surgery,Treatment Outcome,von Hippel-Lindau Disease,von Hippel-Lindau Disease: surgery},
 pages = {E10},
 volume = {15},
 websites = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15323467},
 month = {11},
 day = {15},
 id = {8a0132df-5ed1-34d0-b204-b1518a65a7d9},
 created = {2014-08-02T21:56:16.000Z},
 file_attached = {true},
 profile_id = {be299c88-7105-3a8d-a1cd-3aa95c25e2c4},
 group_id = {a484ae4c-fcac-3c7e-9ac3-3fad0df719a2},
 last_modified = {2014-12-29T19:36:52.000Z},
 read = {false},
 starred = {false},
 authored = {false},
 confirmed = {true},
 hidden = {false},
 abstract = {OBJECT: The optimal treatment for intramedullary spinal tumors is controversial, because both resection and conventional radiation therapy are associated with potential morbidity. Stereotactic radiosurgery can theoretically deliver highly conformal, high-dose radiation to surgically untreatable lesions while simultaneously mitigating radiation exposure to large portions of the spinal cord. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the authors' initial experience with frameless stereotactic radiosurgery for intramedullary spinal tumors.

METHODS: Between 1998 and 2003, 10 intramedullary spinal tumors were treated with stereotactic radiosurgery at the authors' institution. Seven hemangioblastomas and three ependymomas were treated in four men and three women. These patients either had recurrent tumors, had undergone several previous surgeries, had medical contraindications to surgery, or had declined open resection. Conformal treatment planning delivered a prescribed dose of 1800 to 2500 cGy (mean 2100 cGy) to the lesions in one to three stages. No significant treatment-related complications have been recorded. The mean radiographic and clinical follow-up duration was 12 months (range 1-24 months). One ependymoma and two hemangioblastomas were smaller on follow-up neuroimaging. The remaining tumors were stable at the time of follow-up imaging.

CONCLUSIONS: Stereotactic radiosurgery for intramedullary spinal tumors is feasible and safe in selected cases and may prove to be another therapeutic option for these challenging lesions.},
 bibtype = {article},
 author = {Ryu, Stephen I and Kim, Daniel H and Chang, Steven D},
 journal = {Neurosurgical focus},
 number = {5}
}

@article{schlienger_use_2002,
	title = {Use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and the risk of first-time acute myocardial infarction},
	volume = {54},
	issn = {0306-5251},
	abstract = {AIMS: Aspirin decreases the risk of clinical manifestations of atherothrombosis. This effect is mainly due to inhibition of platelet aggregation and potentially due to anti-inflammatory properties of aspirin. To evaluate whether use of non-aspirin non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) may also be associated with a decreased risk of first-time acute myocardial infarction (AMI), we performed a population-based case-control analysis using the United Kingdom-based General Practice Research Database (GPRD) METHODS: We identified first-time AMI-patients free of preexisting diagnosed cardiovascular or metabolic diseases. We compared use of NSAIDs prior to the index date between cases and control patients who were matched to cases on age, gender, practice and calendar time.
RESULTS: A total of 3319 cases ({\textless}or=75 years) with a diagnosis of first-time AMI between 1992 and 1997 and 13139 controls (matched to cases on age, sex, general practice attended, calendar time, years of prior history in the GPRD) were included. Overall, the relative risk estimate of AMI (adjusted for smoking, body mass index, hormone replacement therapy and aspirin) in current NSAID users was 1.17 (95\% CI 0.99, 1.37). Long-term current NSAID use ({\textgreater}or=30 prescriptions) yielded an adjusted odds ratio (OR) of 1.20 (95\% CI 0.94, 1.55). Stratification by age ({\textless}65 years vs{\textgreater}or=65 years) and sex did not materially change the results.
CONCLUSIONS: Our findings indicate that current NSAID exposure in patients free of diagnosed cardiovascular or metabolic conditions predisposing to cardiovascular diseases does not decrease the risk of AMI.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {3},
	journal = {British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology},
	author = {Schlienger, Raymond G. and Jick, Hershel and Meier, Christoph R.},
	month = sep,
	year = {2002},
	pmid = {12236854},
	pmcid = {PMC1874430},
	keywords = {Adult, Aged, Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal, Case-Control Studies, Female, Great Britain, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Myocardial Infarction, Risk Assessment, Risk Factors},
	pages = {327--332}
}

@article{kerr_comparing_2002,
	title = {Comparing clinical automated, medical record, and hybrid data sources for diabetes quality measures},
	volume = {28},
	issn = {1070-3241},
	abstract = {BACKGROUND: Little is known about the relative reliability of medical record and clinical automated data, sources commonly used to assess diabetes quality of care. The agreement between diabetes quality measures constructed from clinical automated versus medical record data sources was compared, and the performance of hybrid measures derived from a combination of the two data sources was examined.
METHODS: Medical records were abstracted for 1,032 patients with diabetes who received care from 21 facilities in 4 Veterans Integrated Service Networks. Automated data were obtained from a central Veterans Health Administration diabetes registry containing information on laboratory tests and medication use.
RESULTS: Success rates were higher for process measures derived from medical record data than from automated data, but no substantial differences among data sources were found for the intermediate outcome measures. Agreement for measures derived from the medical record compared with automated data was moderate for process measures but high for intermediate outcome measures. Hybrid measures yielded success rates similar to those of medical record-based measures but would have required about 50\% fewer chart reviews.
CONCLUSIONS: Agreement between medical record and automated data was generally high. Yet even in an integrated health care system with sophisticated information technology, automated data tended to underestimate the success rate in technical process measures for diabetes care and yielded different quartile performance rankings for facilities. Applying hybrid methodology yielded results consistent with the medical record but required less data to come from medical record reviews.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {10},
	journal = {The Joint Commission Journal on Quality Improvement},
	author = {Kerr, Eve A. and Smith, Dylan M. and Hogan, Mary M. and Krein, Sarah L. and Pogach, Leonard and Hofer, Timothy P. and Hayward, Rodney A.},
	month = oct,
	year = {2002},
	pmid = {12369158},
	keywords = {Aged, Blood Pressure Determination, Cholesterol, LDL, Data Collection, Delivery of Health Care, Integrated, Diabetes Mellitus, Diabetic Foot, Diabetic Nephropathies, Diabetic Retinopathy, Hemoglobin A, Glycosylated, Humans, Medical Records, Medical Records Systems, Computerized, Middle Aged, Outcome and Process Assessment (Health Care), Quality Indicators, Health Care, Registries, Sampling Studies, United States, United States Department of Veterans Affairs, Veterans},
	pages = {555--565}
}

@article{garcia_rodriguez_relative_2001,
	title = {Relative risk of upper gastrointestinal complications among users of acetaminophen and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs},
	volume = {12},
	issn = {1044-3983},
	abstract = {Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have been associated with an increase in upper gastrointestinal complications. There is no agreement, however, on whether all conventional NSAIDs have a similar relative risk (RR), and epidemiologic data are limited on acetaminophen. We studied the association between these medications and the risk of upper gastrointestinal bleed/perforation in a population-based cohort of 958,397 persons in the United Kingdom between 1993 and 1998. Our nested case-control analysis included 2,105 cases and 11,500 controls. RR estimates were adjusted for several factors known to be associated with upper gastrointestinal bleed/perforation. Compared with non-users, users of acetaminophen at doses less than 2 gm did not have an increased risk of upper gastrointestinal complications. The adjusted RR for acetaminophen at doses greater than 2 gm was 3.6 [95\% confidence interval (95\% CI) = 2.6-5.1]. The corresponding RRs for low/medium and high doses of NSAIDs were 2.4 (95\% CI = 1.9-3.1) and 4.9 (95\% CI = 4.1-5.8). The RR was 3.1 (95\% CI = 2.5, 3.8) for short plasma half-life, 4.5 (95\% CI = 3.5-5.9) for long half-life, and 5.4 (95\% CI = 4.0-7.1) for slow-release formulations of NSAIDs. After adjusting for daily dose, the differences in RR between individual NSAIDs tended to diminish except for apazone. Users of H2 receptor antagonists, omeprazole, and misoprostol had RRs of 1.4 (95\% CI = 1.2-1.8), 0.6 (95\% CI = 0.4-0.9), and 0.6 (95\% CI = 0.4-1.0), respectively. Among NSAID users, use of nitrates was associated with an RR of 0.6 (95\% CI = 0.4-1.0).},
	language = {eng},
	number = {5},
	journal = {Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.)},
	author = {García Rodríguez, L. A. and Hernández-Díaz, S.},
	month = sep,
	year = {2001},
	pmid = {11505178},
	keywords = {Acetaminophen, Adult, Aged, Analgesics, Non-Narcotic, Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal, Case-Control Studies, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Female, Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage, Great Britain, Half-Life, Humans, Logistic Models, Male, Middle Aged, Peptic Ulcer, Population Surveillance, Risk, incidence},
	pages = {570--576}
}

@article{van_staa_oral_2000,
	title = {Oral corticosteroids and fracture risk: relationship to daily and cumulative doses},
	volume = {39},
	issn = {1462-0324},
	shorttitle = {Oral corticosteroids and fracture risk},
	abstract = {OBJECTIVE: This study examined the effects of daily and cumulative oral corticosteroid doses on the risk of fractures.
METHODS: Information was obtained from the General Practice Research Database, which contains medical records of general practitioners in England and Wales. The study included 244 235 oral corticosteroid users and 244 235 controls.
RESULTS: Patients taking higher doses (at least 7. 5 mg daily of prednisolone or equivalent) had significantly increased risks of non-vertebral fracture [relative rate (RR)=1.44, 95\% confidence interval (CI) 1.34-1.54], hip fracture (RR=2.21, 95\% CI 1.85-2.64) and vertebral fracture (RR=2.83, 95\% CI 2.35-2.40) relative to patients using oral corticosteroids at lower doses (less than 2.5 mg per day). Fracture risk was also elevated among people with higher cumulative exposure to oral corticosteroids over the study period, but this effect was almost wholly removed by adjustment for daily dose, age, gender and other confounding variables.
CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that the adverse skeletal effects of oral corticosteroids manifest rapidly and are related to daily dose. The level of previous exposure to oral corticosteroids was not a strong determinant of the risk of fracture. Preventive measures against corticosteroid-induced osteoporosis should therefore be instituted as soon after the commencement of glucocorticoid therapy as possible.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {12},
	journal = {Rheumatology (Oxford, England)},
	author = {van Staa, T. P. and Leufkens, H. G. and Abenhaim, L. and Zhang, B. and Cooper, C.},
	month = dec,
	year = {2000},
	pmid = {11136882},
	keywords = {Administration, Oral, Adrenal Cortex Hormones, Adult, Aged, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Female, Fractures, Bone, Humans, Middle Aged, Osteoporosis, Registries, Risk Factors},
	pages = {1383--1389}
}

Paper  Website  abstract   bibtex   

@article{
 title = {Predictive value of T-wave alternans for arrhythmic events in patients with congestive heart failure.},
 type = {article},
 year = {2000},
 identifiers = {[object Object]},
 keywords = {Arrhythmias,Cardiac,Cardiac: diagnosis,Cardiac: etiology,Cardiac: physiopathology,Electrocardiography,Female,Follow-Up Studies,Heart Failure,Heart Failure: complications,Heart Failure: physiopathology,Humans,Male,Middle Aged,Multivariate Analysis,Predictive Value of Tests,Proportional Hazards Models,Risk Assessment,Survival Rate},
 pages = {651-2},
 volume = {356},
 websites = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10968440},
 id = {ced9e31d-798b-3043-8db7-8757648ad7cc},
 created = {2015-04-30T11:14:47.000Z},
 file_attached = {true},
 profile_id = {5e73f9af-1f10-3a70-a285-d3fbb699efe2},
 group_id = {e134fb94-8118-3ebe-b82d-bfbf0a8ae633},
 last_modified = {2015-04-30T12:49:42.000Z},
 read = {false},
 starred = {false},
 authored = {false},
 confirmed = {true},
 hidden = {false},
 abstract = {Measurement of microvolt level T-wave alternans in the surface electrocardiogram is a novel way to assess the risk of ventricular arrhythmias. Seven tests of arrhythmic risk, including T-wave alternans, were undertaken in 107 consecutive patients with congestive heart failure and no history of sustained ventricular arrhythmias; the patients were followed up for arrhythmic events during the next 18 months. Of the patients with events, 11 had positive and two indeterminate T-wave alternans results; there were no arrhythmic events among patients with negative T-wave alternans results. Of the seven tests, only T-wave alternans was a significant (p=0.0036) and independent predictor of arrhythmic events.},
 bibtype = {article},
 author = {Klingenheben, T and Zabel, M and D'Agostino, R B and Cohen, Richard J and Hohnloser, S H},
 journal = {Lancet},
 number = {9230}
}

@article{hubbard_exposure_2000,
	title = {Exposure to antidepressants and the risk of cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis: a case-control study},
	volume = {16},
	issn = {0903-1936},
	shorttitle = {Exposure to antidepressants and the risk of cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis},
	abstract = {The explanations for the emergence of cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis as a new clinical entity during the second half of the 20th century are unclear. The authors have previously reported evidence of an increased risk of cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis in relation to the use of antidepressant drugs. The authors have now tested this hypothesis a priori in an analysis of computerized general practice records for 890 cases of cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis and 5,884 matched controls drawn from the UK General Practice Research Database. Exposure to antidepressants at the time of diagnosis was increased in cases compared to controls (odds ratio (OR) 1.52, 95\% confidence interval (95\% CI) 1.24-1.86), and this increase remained if the analysis was restricted to exposures 4 yrs prior to diagnosis (OR 1.50, 95\% CI 0.98-2.30). However this increased prescribing was not specific to any particular class of antidepressant or individual drug, and there was no evidence of a dose-response relationship between exposure to amitriptyline (the most commonly prescribed antidepressant) and disease. The presented data do not allow any firm conclusion to be made as to whether there is a causal relationship between antidepressant exposure and cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis, but it seems unlikely that exposure to tricyclic antidepressants shortly before diagnosis is a strong risk factor for cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {3},
	journal = {The European Respiratory Journal},
	author = {Hubbard, R. and Venn, A. and Britton, J.},
	month = sep,
	year = {2000},
	pmid = {11028652},
	keywords = {Aged, Amitriptyline, Antidepressive Agents, Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic, Case-Control Studies, Confidence Intervals, Female, Furosemide, Humans, Male, Medical Records, Middle Aged, Pulmonary Fibrosis},
	pages = {409--413}
}

@article{harvey_suppressing_2000,
	title = {Suppressing and attending to pain-related thoughts in chronic pain patients.},
	volume = {38},
	abstract = {Attempted suppression of pain-related thoughts was investigated in consecutive referrals for pain management (N = 39). Participants monitored their pain-related thoughts for three 5-min periods. In period 1, all participants were instructed to think about anything. For period 2, participants were instructed to either suppress pain-related thoughts, attend to pain-related thoughts, or to continue to think about anything. In period 3, all participants were again instructed to think about anything. Participants instructed to attend to their pain reported more pain-related thoughts than suppressors and controls in both periods 2 and 3. Suppressors experienced reduced pain-related thoughts during period 2. There was  no immediate enhancement or delayed increase.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {11},
	journal = {Behaviour research and therapy},
	author = {Harvey, A. G. and McGuire, B. E.},
	month = nov,
	year = {2000},
	pmid = {11060940},
	keywords = {*Adaptation, Psychological, *Attention, *Cognitive Therapy, Adult, Chronic Disease, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Pain Management, Pain/*psychology, Treatment Outcome},
	pages = {1117--1124}
}

@article{hubbard_adult_2000,
	title = {Adult height and cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis: a case-control study using the {UK} general practice research database},
	volume = {55},
	issn = {0040-6376},
	shorttitle = {Adult height and cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis},
	abstract = {BACKGROUND: The reasons why cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis has emerged as a new clinical entity during the second half of the 20th century are unclear. Some environmental exposures have been identified as potential risk factors including occupational dust, cigarette smoking and antidepressants, but there have been no studies of the role of early life exposures. Since adult height reflects, in part, early life experience, we have examined the relation between adult height and the risk of cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis.
METHODS: A case-control study of 569 cases and 3669 age, sex, and community matched controls drawn from the UK General Practice Research Database was undertaken.
RESULTS: Evidence was found of an inverse association between quintile of height and cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis (odds ratio (OR) per increase in height quintile 0.93, 95\% CI 0.86 to 0.99). This association was not diminished by adjustment for smoking status (OR 0.93, 95\% CI 0.87 to 1.00), but some minor attenuation did occur after adjustment for oral corticosteroid use (OR 0.94, 95\% CI 0.88 to 1.02). There was a significant interaction with sex such that the effect of height was strong in women (OR 0.85, 95\% CI 0.75 to 0.97) and absent in men (OR 1.00, 95\% CI 0.91 to 1.09).
CONCLUSIONS: These findings raise the possibility that early life exposures may be important in determining the lifetime risk of developing cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {10},
	journal = {Thorax},
	author = {Hubbard, R. and Venn, A.},
	month = oct,
	year = {2000},
	pmid = {10992540},
	pmcid = {PMC1745612},
	keywords = {Aged, Body Height, Body Mass Index, Case-Control Studies, Databases, Factual, Female, Glucocorticoids, Great Britain, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Odds Ratio, Pulmonary Fibrosis, Risk Factors, Smoking},
	pages = {864--866}
}

Website  abstract   bibtex   

@article{
 title = {How heritable is individual susceptibility to death? The results of an analysis of survival data on Danish, Swedish and Finnish twins},
 type = {article},
 year = {1998},
 identifiers = {[object Object]},
 keywords = {*Death,*Genetic Predisposition to Disease,Adult,Age Factors,Aged,Aged, 80 and over,Denmark,Disease Susceptibility,Environment,Epidemiology, Molecular,Female,Finland,Forecasting,Health,Humans,Life Tables,Likelihood Functions,Longevity/genetics,Male,Middle Aged,Models, Genetic,Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't,Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.,Sex Factors,Survival Analysis,Sweden,Twins/*genetics},
 pages = {196-205},
 volume = {1},
 websites = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=10100811},
 id = {161c25f0-f407-3983-ac34-656acbfb7169},
 created = {2017-06-19T13:42:57.913Z},
 file_attached = {false},
 profile_id = {de68dde1-2ff3-3a4e-a214-ef424d0c7646},
 group_id = {b2078731-0913-33b9-8902-a53629a24e83},
 last_modified = {2017-06-19T13:42:58.237Z},
 read = {false},
 starred = {false},
 authored = {false},
 confirmed = {true},
 hidden = {false},
 source_type = {Journal Article},
 notes = {<m:note>1369-0523<m:linebreak/>Journal Article<m:linebreak/>Twin Study</m:note>},
 abstract = {Molecular epidemiological studies confirm a substantial contribution of individual genes to variability in susceptibility to disease and death for humans. To evaluate the contribution of all genes to susceptibility and to estimate individual survival characteristics, survival data on related individuals (eg twins or other relatives) are needed. Correlated gamma-frailty models of bivariate survival are used in a joint analysis of survival data on more than 31,000 pairs of Danish, Swedish and Finnish male and female twins using the maximum likelihood method. Additive decomposition of frailty into genetic and environmental components is used to estimate heritability in frailty. The estimate of the standard deviation of frailty from the pooled data is about 1.5. The hypothesis that variance in frailty and correlations of frailty for twins are similar in the data from all three countries is accepted. The estimate of narrow-sense heritability in frailty is about 0.5. The age trajectories of individual hazards are evaluated for all three populations of twins and both sexes. The results of our analysis confirm the presence of genetic influences on individual frailty and longevity. They also suggest that the mechanism of these genetic influences may be similar for the three Scandinavian countries. Furthermore, results indicate that the increase in individual hazard with age is more rapid than predicted by traditional demographic life tables.},
 bibtype = {article},
 author = {Iachine, I A and Holm, N V and Harris, J R and Begun, A Z and Iachina, M K and Laitinen, M and Kaprio, J and Yashin, A I},
 journal = {Twin Res},
 number = {4}
}

Website  abstract   bibtex   

@article{
 title = {Asthma on Tristan da Cunha: looking for the genetic link. The University of Toronto Genetics of Asthma Research Group},
 type = {article},
 year = {1996},
 identifiers = {[object Object]},
 keywords = {Adolescent,Adult,Age Distribution,Aged,Aged, 80 and over,Allergens/diagnostic use,Asthma/epidemiology/*genetics,Atlantic Ocean,Bronchoconstrictor Agents/diagnostic use,Child,Child, Preschool,Consanguinity,Female,Forced Expiratory Volume,Founder Effect,Humans,Linkage (Genetics),Male,Methacholine Chloride/diagnostic use,Middle Aged,Prevalence,Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't,Sex Distribution,Skin Tests},
 pages = {1902-1906},
 volume = {153},
 websites = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=8665053},
 id = {ba377ad3-36ac-3937-b8d3-44f6b08c99e3},
 created = {2017-06-19T13:44:45.103Z},
 file_attached = {false},
 profile_id = {de68dde1-2ff3-3a4e-a214-ef424d0c7646},
 group_id = {b2078731-0913-33b9-8902-a53629a24e83},
 last_modified = {2017-06-19T13:44:45.287Z},
 read = {false},
 starred = {false},
 authored = {false},
 confirmed = {true},
 hidden = {false},
 source_type = {Journal Article},
 notes = {<m:note>1073-449x<m:linebreak/>Journal Article</m:note>},
 abstract = {Although asthma has a significant heritable component, the mode of inheritance remains controversial because of the complexity of the disease and the influence of environmental factors. Isolated, inbred populations serve to reduce variability, thus increasing the probability of gene localization. We studied the inbred population of the remote island of Tristan da Cunha to document asthma prevalence for the purpose of genetic linkage analysis. Medical histories and skin atopy were determined on 282 islanders, representing 97% of the population, and airway responsiveness was measured in 254; 226 by methacholine challenge (tidal breathing method) and 28 by bronchodilator response (400 micrograms salbutamol aerosol). Blood samples were collected from 275 islanders. Participants ranged in age from 3 to 94 yr. Asthma was defined as increased airway responsiveness (AR+: PC20 < 4 mg/ml or > or = 15% increase in FEV1 postbronchodilator) combined with a positive history (Hx+). Fifty-seven percent of the islanders had at least partial evidence of asthma (Hx+ and/or AR+) and 23% had a definitive diagnosis of asthma (AR+ with Hx+). Overall 47% of the population were atopic, atopy was proportionally higher in asthmatics (74%) than nonasthmatics (32%; p < 0.01). Analysis of the methacholine dose-response curves demonstrated that asthmatics were significantly (p < 0.01) more responsive than those with AR+ only, and nonasthmatics (AR-, Hx-) were more responsive than laboratory control subjects (p < 0.05), suggesting that these islanders may also carry an airway hyperresponsiveness gene. A frequency plot of the percent fall in FEV1 for all Hx- subjects compared with control data suggests a bimodal distribution consistent with a major gene mechanism for airway responsiveness. Genealogy mapping revealed that the islanders are direct descendants of the 15 original settlers, and historical records suggest at least two founders may have been asthmatic. The data confirm previous reports of a high asthma prevalence on Tristan and support the postulate that this prevalence is a result of gene enrichment occurring in isolated populations by virtue of extensive inbreeding and a probable founder effect.},
 bibtype = {article},
 author = {Zamel, N and McClean, P A and Sandell, P R and Siminovitch, K A and Slutsky, A S},
 journal = {Am J Respir Crit Care Med},
 number = {6 Pt 1}
}

Paper  abstract   bibtex   

@article{de_smet_mr_1993,
	title = {{MR} diagnosis of meniscal tears of the knee: importance of high signal in the meniscus that extends to the surface},
	volume = {161},
	issn = {0361-803X},
	shorttitle = {{MR} diagnosis of meniscal tears of the knee},
	url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8517286},
	abstract = {OBJECTIVE

The presence of intrameniscal signal in contact with the surface is a commonly used criterion for the diagnosis of meniscal tear. This signal presumably represents the actual tear in the meniscus. However, some menisci with signal that contacts the surface are noted to be intact at arthroscopy whereas other menisci that have no signal in contact with the surface are found to be torn. We investigated the relationship between the presence of a meniscal tear at arthroscopy and the location within the menisci of signal that contacted the surface. We hypothesized that patterns were present that would improve the accuracy of MR diagnosis of a meniscal tear.


MATERIALS AND METHODS

We reviewed the MR and arthroscopic findings from 200 consecutive patients who had both knee MR examinations and knee arthroscopy. There were 108 medial and 58 lateral meniscal tears on arthroscopy. Each MR examination was reviewed for three aspects of intrameniscal signal: the number of images showing signal possibly or definitely contacting the surface, the specific surfaces involved, and the signal location. The coronal and sagittal images were evaluated separately. We correlated each of these features with the presence of a meniscal tear at arthroscopy.


RESULTS

Menisci with signal possibly contacting the surface had the same frequency of tears (three tears in 33 menisci) as menisci without signal contacting the surface (15 tears in 194 menisci). More than 90\% of menisci with signal contacting the surface on more than one image were torn, but only 55\% of medial and 30\% of lateral menisci with such signal on only one image were torn. In the torn menisci with signal contacting the surface, such signal was seen only on sagittal MR images in 31\% of the medial menisci and 45\% of the lateral menisci. Sixteen percent of the torn lateral menisci had signal contacting the meniscal surface in only the anterior two thirds of the meniscus, whereas this was true in only 2\% of the torn medial menisci. Distinct patterns were not seen in the association between tears and signal contacting either the superior or the inferior surface.


CONCLUSION

We found definite patterns in the location of intrameniscal signal that comes in contact with the meniscal surface. These patterns vary in the frequency of associated meniscal tears. Although menisci with internal signal in contact with the surface are usually torn, a tear is less likely if such signal is present on only one image. Tears may be identifiable on only one image plane. Tears in the anterior horn of the lateral meniscus are not uncommon. Knowledge of these patterns should help in the MR diagnosis of meniscal tears.},
	number = {1},
	urldate = {2012-10-31TZ},
	journal = {AJR. American journal of roentgenology},
	author = {De Smet, A A and Norris, M A and Yandow, D R and Quintana, F A and Graf, B K and Keene, J S},
	month = jul,
	year = {1993},
	pmid = {8517286},
	keywords = {Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Child, Child, Preschool, Female, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Menisci, Tibial, Middle Aged, Predictive Value of Tests, Retrospective Studies, Sensitivity and Specificity, knee injuries},
	pages = {101--107}
}

@article{cobby_deep_1992,
	title = {The deep lateral femoral notch: an indirect sign of a torn anterior cruciate ligament},
	volume = {184},
	issn = {0033-8419},
	shorttitle = {The deep lateral femoral notch},
	abstract = {Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging has shown that tears of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) are frequently accompanied by meniscal and osseous injuries. Abnormalities of the cartilage overlying the lateral femoral condylopatellar sulcus (notch) also have been noted during arthrotomy of ACL-deficient knees. In this study, the appearance of this sulcus on MR images and the depth of the sulcus on conventional radiographs are compared in patients with normal and torn ACLs to determine whether a deep sulcus is a useful indirect sign of a torn ACL. In 62 patients with clinically and/or arthroscopically confirmed normal ACLs, the mean depth of the lateral femoral sulcus was 0.45 mm (range, 0.0-1.2 mm) compared with 0.89 mm (range, 0.0-5.0 mm) in 41 patients with clinically and/or arthroscopically confirmed ACL tears (significant at the 5\% level). No patient with a normal ACL had a sulcus greater than 1.2 mm in depth. A sulcus deeper than 1.5 mm is equivalent to 3 standard deviations above the mean and was a reliable indirect sign of a torn ACL.},
	number = {3},
	journal = {Radiology},
	author = {Cobby, M J and Schweitzer, M E and Resnick, D},
	month = sep,
	year = {1992},
	pmid = {1509079},
	keywords = {Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Anterior Cruciate Ligament, Female, Femur, Humans, Knee Joint, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Middle Aged, knee injuries},
	pages = {855--858}
}

Paper  doi  abstract   bibtex   

@article{yang_value_1992,
	title = {Value of sonography in determining the nature of pleural effusion: analysis of 320 cases.},
	volume = {159},
	issn = {0361-803X},
	shorttitle = {Value of sonography in determining the nature of pleural effusion},
	url = {http://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/ajr.159.1.1609716},
	doi = {10.2214/ajr.159.1.1609716},
	abstract = {ABSTRACT : To assess the value of sonography in determining the nature of pleural effusions, we prospectively analyzed the sonographic findings in 320 patients with pleural effusion of various causes (224 with exudates and 96 with transudates). The nature of the effusions was established on the basis of chemical, bacteriologic, and cytologic examination of pleural fluid; pleural biopsy; and clinical follow-up. All patients had high-frequency, real-time sonography performed by one of three sonographers who had no clinical information concerning the patients. The sonographer evaluated the images for internal echogenicity of the effusion, thickness of the pleura, and associated parenchymal lesions of the lung. The images were also printed out and interpreted a second time by the other two sonographers to reach a consensus. Our results showed that the two types of effusions could be distinguished on the basis of sonographic findings. Transudates were anechoic, whereas an anechoic effusion could be either a transudate or an exudate. Pleural effusions with complex septated, complex nonseptated, or homogeneously echogenic patterns were always exudates (p less than .01). Sonographic findings of thickened pleura and associated parenchymal lesions in the lung also were indicative of an exudate (p less than .01). Homogenous echogenic effusions were due to hemorrhagic effusion or empyema. Sonographic evidence of a pleural nodule was a specific finding in patients with a malignant effusion. We conclude that sonography is useful in determining the nature of pleural effusion.},
	number = {1},
	urldate = {2015-01-20TZ},
	journal = {American Journal of Roentgenology},
	author = {Yang, P C and Luh, K T and Chang, D B and Wu, H D and Yu, C J and Kuo, S H},
	month = jul,
	year = {1992},
	keywords = {Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Child, Child, Preschool, Female, Humans, Lung, Male, Middle Aged, Pleura, Pleural Effusion, Prospective Studies},
	pages = {29--33}
}

Paper  abstract   bibtex   

@article{
 title = {Intramedullary spinal cord ependymomas--a study of 45 cases with long-term follow-up.},
 type = {article},
 year = {1992},
 identifiers = {[object Object]},
 keywords = {Adolescent,Adult,Aged,Child,Child, Preschool,Combined Modality Therapy,Ependymoma,Ependymoma: diagnosis,Ependymoma: radiotherapy,Ependymoma: surgery,Female,Follow-Up Studies,Humans,Magnetic Resonance Imaging,Male,Middle Aged,Neoplasm Recurrence, Local,Neoplasm Recurrence, Local: diagnosis,Neoplasm Recurrence, Local: radiotherapy,Neoplasm Recurrence, Local: surgery,Neurologic Examination,Reoperation,Retrospective Studies,Spinal Cord Neoplasms,Spinal Cord Neoplasms: diagnosis,Spinal Cord Neoplasms: radiotherapy,Spinal Cord Neoplasms: surgery},
 pages = {74-9},
 volume = {119},
 websites = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1481757},
 month = {1},
 id = {08111960-a49a-3d5e-890c-10bb4dbadd57},
 created = {2013-09-04T15:14:24.000Z},
 file_attached = {true},
 profile_id = {8c4ca2d5-86de-3b5d-86be-8408415f34e0},
 group_id = {a484ae4c-fcac-3c7e-9ac3-3fad0df719a2},
 last_modified = {2014-11-22T16:36:55.000Z},
 read = {false},
 starred = {false},
 authored = {false},
 confirmed = {true},
 hidden = {false},
 abstract = {Of the 62 patients with intramedullary spinal cord ependymoma treated surgically at our Neurosurgery Division between January 1951 and December 1990 45 had a follow-up of at least 3 years and the longest 30 years. The 28 conus-cauda equina-filum ependymomas operated during the same period are not considered in this study. An analysis of our cases and of the larger published series shows that favourable prognostic factors, apart of course from total tumour removal, which is now usually possible, are a site below the high cervical segments and a mild pre-operative symptom pattern. Patient age at diagnosis, tumour size and "low dose" (< 40 Gy) radiotherapy seem to have no influence on the prognosis. Aggressive surgical removal is the treatment of choice and also for long-term recurrence.},
 bibtype = {article},
 author = {Ferrante, L and Mastronardi, L and Celli, P and Lunardi, P and Acqui, M and Fortuna, a},
 journal = {Acta Neurochirurgica},
 number = {1-4}
}

@article{terry_isolated_1988,
	title = {Isolated chondral fractures of the knee},
	issn = {0009-921X},
	abstract = {Eighteen patients with isolated chondral fractures of the knee were reviewed to reevaluate the clinical signs and symptoms. No other conditions had been present to account for the symptoms. Most of the patients had significant injuries often involving a flexed knee. All patients had had symptoms and physical findings strongly suggestive of meniscal abnormality. Roentgenographic examinations were noncontributory. The lesions occurred in four distinct patterns. All were full thickness. Many of the lesions occurred on the posterior aspect of a femoral condyle, a location where they could be easily overlooked if the condyle were not examined with the knee in extreme flexion. Abutment of the tibial spine against the medial femoral condyle may be one cause of these injuries. The incidence of isolated chondral fractures was found to be higher than previously reported. A negative arthroscopic meniscal examination in a patient with symptoms and physical findings suggestive of meniscal abnormality should alert the physician to the possibility of an isolated chondral fracture.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {234},
	journal = {Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research},
	author = {Terry, G. C. and Flandry, F. and Van Manen, J. W. and Norwood, L. A.},
	month = sep,
	year = {1988},
	pmid = {3409573},
	keywords = {Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Arthroscopy, Athletic Injuries, Cartilage, Articular, Female, Femoral Fractures, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Prospective Studies, knee injuries},
	pages = {170--177}
}

@article{ikeuchi_arthroscopic_1982,
	title = {Arthroscopic treatment of the discoid lateral meniscus. {Technique} and long-term results},
	issn = {0009-921X},
	abstract = {Forty-five patients (49 knees) who had torn complete or incomplete discoid lateral menisci were treated during the period from 1968 to 1980. Both instrumentation and specific techniques considerably evolved in the arthroscopic complete excision the torn discoid meniscus. The current technique involves the initial removal of the anterior portion of the meniscus, as this allows clearer visualization during the procedure, more space for manipulating surgical instruments, and a reduced operative time. Twenty-four knees (22 patients) were followed for a mean of four years three months. Of this group, 78\% were rated excellent or good and 21\% were rated fair. There were no poor results. The results in the group treated by total meniscectomy were better than those in the group treated with partial meniscectomy. Three patients were treated by peripheral meniscal repair under arthroscopic control, but the long-term results are not available.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {167},
	journal = {Clinical orthopaedics and related research},
	author = {Ikeuchi, H},
	month = jul,
	year = {1982},
	pmid = {6896480},
	keywords = {Adolescent, Adult, Arthroscopy, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Knee Joint, Male, Menisci, Tibial, Methods, Middle Aged, Postoperative Complications},
	pages = {19--28}
}