@article{shi_understanding_2023,
	title = {Understanding the risk of transmission of respiratory viral infections in childcare centres: protocol for the {DISeases} {TrANsmission} in {ChildcarE} ({DISTANCE})  multicentre cohort study.},
	volume = {10},
	copyright = {© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2023. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.},
	issn = {2052-4439},
	doi = {10.1136/bmjresp-2023-001617},
	abstract = {INTRODUCTION: Childcare centre is considered a high-risk setting for transmission of respiratory viruses. Further evidence is needed to understand the risk of  transmission in childcare centres. To this end, we established the DISeases  TrANsmission in ChildcarE (DISTANCE) study to understand the interaction among  contact patterns, detection of respiratory viruses from environment samples and  transmission of viral infections in childcare centres. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: The  DISTANCE study is a prospective cohort study in multiple childcare centres of  Jiangsu Province, China. Study subjects will be childcare attendees and teaching  staff of different grades. A range of information will be collected from the  study subjects and participating childcare centres, including attendance, contact  behaviours (collected by onsite observers), respiratory viral infection (weekly  respiratory throat swabs tested by multiplex PCR), presence of respiratory  viruses on touch surfaces of childcare centres and weekly follow-up survey on  respiratory symptoms and healthcare seeking among subjects tested positive for  any respiratory viruses. Detection patterns of respiratory viruses from study  subjects and environment samples, contact patterns, and transmission risk will be  analysed by developing statistical and mathematical models as appropriate. The  study has been initiated in September 2022 in 1 childcare centre in Wuxi City,  with a total of 104 children and 12 teaching staff included in the cohort; data  collection and follow-up is ongoing. One more childcare centre in Nanjing City  (anticipated to include 100 children and 10 teaching staff) will start  recruitment in 2023. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: The study has received ethics  approval from Nanjing Medical University Ethics Committee (No. 2022-936) and  ethics approval from Wuxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention Ethics  Committee (No. 2022-011). We plan to disseminate the study findings mainly  through publications in peer-reviewed journals and presentations in academic  conferences. Aggregated research data will be shared freely to researchers.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {1},
	journal = {BMJ open respiratory research},
	author = {Shi, Chao and Wang, Xin and Ye, Sheng and Deng, Shuyu and Cong, Bingbing and Lu, Bing and Li, You},
	month = apr,
	year = {2023},
	pmid = {37028911},
	pmcid = {PMC10083867},
	note = {Place: England},
	keywords = {Humans, Prospective Studies, *Virus Diseases/diagnosis/epidemiology, *Viruses, Child, Child Care, Child Day Care Centers, Multicenter Studies as Topic, Respiratory Infection, Viral infection},
}

@article{wang_global_2021,
	title = {Global hospital admissions and in-hospital mortality associated with all-cause and virus-specific acute lower respiratory infections in children and adolescents aged 5-19 years between 1995 and 2019: a systematic review and modelling study},
	volume = {6},
	issn = {2059-7908},
	shorttitle = {Global hospital admissions and in-hospital mortality associated with all-cause and virus-specific acute lower respiratory infections in children and adolescents aged 5-19 years between 1995 and 2019},
	doi = {10.1136/bmjgh-2021-006014},
	abstract = {INTRODUCTION: The burden of acute lower respiratory infections (ALRI), and common viral ALRI aetiologies among 5-19 years are less well understood. We conducted a systematic review to estimate global burden of all-cause and virus-specific ALRI in 5-19 years.
METHODS: We searched eight databases and Google for studies published between 1995 and 2019 and reporting data on burden of all-cause ALRI or ALRI associated with influenza virus, respiratory syncytial virus, human metapneumovirus and human parainfluenza virus. We assessed risk of bias using a modified Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. We developed an analytical framework to report burden by age, country and region when there were sufficient data (all-cause and influenza-associated ALRI hospital admissions). We estimated all-cause ALRI in-hospital deaths and hospital admissions for ALRI associated with respiratory syncytial virus, human metapneumovirus and human parainfluenza virus by region.
RESULTS: Globally, an estimated 5.5 million (UR 4.0-7.8) all-cause ALRI hospital admissions occurred annually between 1995 and 2019 in 5-19 year olds, causing 87 900 (UR 40 300-180 600) in-hospital deaths annually. Influenza virus and respiratory syncytial virus were associated with 1 078 600 (UR 4 56 500-2 650 200) and 231 800 (UR 142 700-3 73 200) ALRI hospital admissions in 5-19 years. Human metapneumovirus and human parainfluenza virus were associated with 105 500 (UR 57 200-181 700) and 124 800 (UR 67 300-228 500) ALRI hospital admissions in 5-14 years. About 55\% of all-cause ALRI hospital admissions and 63\% of influenza-associated ALRI hospital admissions occurred in those 5-9 years globally. All-cause and influenza-associated ALRI hospital admission rates were highest in upper-middle income countries, Asia-Pacific region and the Latin America and Caribbean region.
CONCLUSION: Incidence and mortality data for all-cause and virus-specific ALRI in 5-19 year olds are scarce. The lack of data in low-income countries and Eastern Europe and Central Asia, South Asia, and West and Central Africa warrants efforts to improve the development and access to healthcare services, diagnostic capacity, and data reporting.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {7},
	journal = {BMJ global health},
	author = {Wang, Xin and Li, You and Mei, Xin and Bushe, Erin and Campbell, Harry and Nair, Harish},
	month = jul,
	year = {2021},
	pmid = {34261758},
	pmcid = {PMC8281096},
	keywords = {Adolescent, Child, Global Health, Hospital Mortality, Hospitalization, Hospitals, Humans, Respiratory Tract Infections, epidemiology, paediatrics, pneumonia, respiratory infections, systematic review},
	pages = {e006014},
}

Paper  doi  bibtex   

@article{jansen_burden_2020,
	title = {Burden of {Illness} and {Quality} of {Life} in {Tuberous} {Sclerosis} {Complex}: {Findings} {From} the {TOSCA} {Study}},
	volume = {11},
	issn = {16642295},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85090896990&doi=10.3389%2ffneur.2020.00904&partnerID=40&md5=1faa143e97a93bf95e1228ed0c704c24},
	doi = {10.3389/fneur.2020.00904},
	language = {English},
	journal = {Frontiers in Neurology},
	author = {Jansen, A.C. and Vanclooster, S. and de Vries, P.J. and Fladrowski, C. and Beaure d'Augères, G. and Carter, T. and Belousova, E. and Benedik, M.P. and Cottin, V. and Curatolo, P. and Dahlin, M. and D'Amato, L. and Ferreira, J.C. and Feucht, M. and Hertzberg, C. and Jozwiak, S. and Lawson, J.A. and Macaya, A. and Marques, R. and Nabbout, R. and O'Callaghan, F. and Qin, J. and Sander, V. and Sauter, M. and Shah, S. and Takahashi, Y. and Touraine, R. and Youroukos, S. and Zonnenberg, B. and Kingswood, J.C. and Shinohara, N. and Horie, S. and Kubota, M. and Tohyama, J. and Imai, K. and Kaneda, M. and Kaneko, H. and Uchida, Y. and Kirino, T. and Endo, S. and Inoue, Y. and Uruno, K. and Serdaroglu, A. and Yapici, Z. and Anlar, B. and Altunbasak, S. and Lvova, O. and Belyaev, O.V.B. and Agranovich, O. and Levitina, E.V.L. and Maksimova, Y.V.M. and Karas, A. and Jiang, Y. and Zou, L. and Xu, K. and Zhang, Y. and Luan, G. and Zhang, Y. and Wang, Y. and Jin, M. and Ye, D. and Ye, D. and Zhou, L. and Liu, J. and Liao, J. and YAN, B. and Deng, Y. and Jiang, L. and Liu, Z. and Huang, S. and Li, H. and Kim, K. and Chen, P.-L. and Lee, H.-F. and Tsai, J.-D. and Chi, C.-S. and Huang, C.-C. and Riney, K. and Yates, D. and Kwan, P. and Likasitwattanakul, S. and Nabangchang, C. and Chomtho, L.T.K. and Katanyuwong, K. and Sriudomkajorn, S. and Wilmshurst, J. and Segel, R. and Gilboa, T. and Tzadok, M. and Fattal-Valevski, T. and Papathanasopoulos, P. and Papavasiliou, A.S.P. and Giannakodimos, S. and Gatzonis, S. and Pavlou, E. and Tzoufi, M. and Vergeer, A.M.H. and Dhooghe, M. and Verhelst, H. and Roelens, F. and Nassogne, M.C.N. and Defresne, P. and Waele, L.D.W. and Leroy, P. and Demonceau, N. and Legros, B. and Bogaert, P.V.B. and Ceulemans, B. and Dom, L. and Castelnau, P. and Martin, A.D.S. and Riquet, A. and Milh, M. and Cances, C. and Pedespan, J.-M. and Ville, D. and Roubertie, A. and Auvin, S. and Berquin, P. and Richelme, C. and Allaire, C. and Gueden, S. and Tich, S.N.T. and Godet, B. and da Silva Oliveira Monteiro, J.P. and de Oliveira Ferreira Leao, M.J.S. and Planas, J.C.P. and Bermejo, A.M.B. and Dura, P.S.D. and Aparicio, S.R.A. and Gonzalez, M.J.M. and Pison, J.L.P. and Barca, M.O.B. and Laso, E.L.L. and Luengo, O.A.L. and Rodriguez, F.J.A. and Dieguez, I.M.D. and Salas, A.C.S. and Carrera, I.M.C. and Salcedo, E.M.S. and Petri, M.E.Y. and Candela, R.C.C. and da Conceicao Carrilho, I. and Vieira, J.P.V. and da Silva Oliveira Monteiro, J.P. and de Oliveira Ferreira Leao, M.J.S. and Luis, C.S.M.R. and Mendonca, C.P.M. and Endziniene, M. and Strautmanis, J. and Talvik, I. and Canevini, M.P.C. and Gambardella, A. and Pruna, D. and Buono, S. and Fontana, E. and Bernardina, B.D.B. and Burloiu, C. and Cosma, I.S.B. and Vintan, M.A.V. and Popescu, L. and Zitterbart, K. and Payerova, J. and Bratsky, L. and Zilinska, Z. and Sedlmayr, U.G. and Baumann, M. and Haberlandt, E. and Rostasy, K. and Pataraia, E. and Elmslie, F. and Johnston, C.A.J. and Crawford, P. and Uldall, P. and Uvebrant, P. and Rask, O. and Bjoernvold, M. and Brodtkorb, E. and Sloerdahl, A. and Solhoff, R. and Jaatun, M.S.G. and Mandera, M. and Radzikowska, E.J.R. and Wysocki, M. and Fischereder, M. and Kurlemann, G. and Wilken, B. and K-ruel, A.W.K. and Budde, K. and Marquard, K. and Knuf, M. and Hahn, A. and Hartmann, H. and Merkenschlager, A. and Trollmann, R. and Investigators, TOSCA Consortium TOSCA},
	year = {2020},
	note = {Publisher: Frontiers Media S.A.},
	keywords = {Article, adolescent, adult, aged, career, caregiver, child, disease burden, educational status, employment, family life, female, human, informed consent, major clinical study, male, patient care, personal experience, psychological well-being, quality of life, questionnaire, social psychology, social support, tuberous sclerosis, unemployment, validation process},
}

Paper  doi  bibtex   

@article{dalvie_genomic_2020,
	title = {Genomic influences on self-reported childhood maltreatment},
	volume = {10},
	issn = {21583188},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85079648385&doi=10.1038%2fs41398-020-0706-0&partnerID=40&md5=5c976b992182fd4f1c7a5d71edaccc98},
	doi = {10.1038/s41398-020-0706-0},
	language = {English},
	number = {1},
	journal = {Translational Psychiatry},
	author = {Dalvie, S. and Maihofer, A.X. and Coleman, J.R.I. and Bradley, B. and Breen, G. and Brick, L.A. and Chen, C.-Y. and Choi, K.W. and Duncan, L.E. and Guffanti, G. and Haas, M. and Harnal, S. and Liberzon, I. and Nugent, N.R. and Provost, A.C. and Ressler, K.J. and Torres, K. and Amstadter, A.B. and Bryn Austin, S. and Baker, D.G. and Bolger, E.A. and Bryant, R.A. and Calabrese, J.R. and Delahanty, D.L. and Farrer, L.A. and Feeny, N.C. and Flory, J.D. and Forbes, D. and Galea, S. and Gautam, A. and Gelernter, J. and Hammamieh, R. and Jett, M. and Junglen, A.G. and Kaufman, M.L. and Kessler, R.C. and Khan, A. and Kranzler, H.R. and Lebois, L.A.M. and Marmar, C. and Mavissakalian, M.R. and McFarlane, A. and Donnell, M.O. and Orcutt, H.K. and Pietrzak, R.H. and Risbrough, V.B. and Roberts, A.L. and Rothbaum, A.O. and Roy-Byrne, P. and Ruggiero, K. and Seligowski, A.V. and Sheerin, C.M. and Silove, D. and Smoller, J.W. and Stein, M.B. and Teicher, M.H. and Ursano, R.J. and Van Hooff, M. and Winternitz, S. and Wolff, J.D. and Yehuda, R. and Zhao, H. and Zoellner, L.A. and Stein, D.J. and Koenen, K.C. and Nievergelt, C.M.},
	year = {2020},
	note = {Publisher: Springer Nature},
	keywords = {Article, Child, Child Abuse, FOXP1 protein, Forkhead Transcription Factors, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Genome-Wide Association Study, Genomics, Humans, Post-Traumatic, Repressor Proteins, Self Report, Stress Disorders, child, child abuse, depression, forkhead transcription factor, gene linkage disequilibrium, genetic correlation, genetic predisposition, genetic risk score, genetic variation, genome-wide association study, genomics, genotype, health status, heritability, human, mental health, molecular phylogeny, phenotype, posttraumatic stress disorder, repressor protein, self report, single nucleotide polymorphism},
}

Paper  doi  abstract   bibtex   

@article{gutierrez-galve_association_2019,
	title = {Association of {Maternal} and {Paternal} {Depression} in the {Postnatal} {Period} with {Offspring} {Depression} at {Age} 18 {Years}},
	volume = {76},
	issn = {2168622X},
	url = {https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamapsychiatry/fullarticle/2719453},
	doi = {10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2018.3667},
	abstract = {Importance: Paternal depression during the postnatal period has been associated with adverse child outcomes. Family environment has been reported as a pathway for risk transmission from fathers to children. The influence of paternal depression during the postnatal period on offspring depression remains to be clarified. Objective: To investigate the association between paternal depression in the postnatal period and offspring depression and explore potential mediating and moderating factors that influence any association between paternal and offspring depression. Design, Setting, and Participants: This prospective study of a UK community-based birth cohort (the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children) of parents and their adolescent offspring investigated associations between paternal depression during the postnatal period and offspring depression at age 18 years. We tested a hypothesized moderator (ie, sex) and conducted path analysis to examine hypothesized mediators (ie, depression in the other parent, couple conflict, and paternal involvement and emotional problems, conduct problems, and hyperactivity in offspring at age 3.5 years) of the associations between both paternal and maternal depression and offspring depression. Data collection for the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children began in 1991 and is ongoing. Data analysis for this study was conducted from June 2015 to September 2018. Exposures: Depression symptoms in fathers at 8 weeks after the birth of their children. Main Outcomes and Measures: Offspring depression symptoms at age 18 years, using International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, Tenth Revision codes. Results: A total of 3176 father-offspring pairs were analyzed; of the children, 1764 were girls (55.5\%) and 1412 (44.5\%) were boys. Paternal mean (SD) age at delivery was 29.6 (9.6) years. The offspring of fathers who had depression during the postnatal period were at increased risk of experiencing depression symptoms at age 18 years (β = 0.053 [95\% CI, 0.02-0.09]). The association is mediated by maternal depression at 8 months after birth (β = 0.011 [95\% CI, 0.0008-0.02]; 21\% [0.011/0.053]) and conduct problems at 42 months after birth (β = 0.004; [95\% CI, -0.00004 to 0.009]; 7.5\% [0.004/0.053]). Couple conflict and paternal involvement do not mediate this association. The increased risk is seen in girls but not boys (interaction β = 0.095; P =.01). Conclusions and Relevance: The association between paternal depression in the postnatal period and depression in girls at age 18 years is partially explained by maternal depression. Couple conflict and paternal involvement were not found to play a role in the risk of transmission; this contrasts with the role that couple conflict was found to play in the risk of childhood behavior problems. Conduct problems in childhood appear to be a pathway for risk transmission between paternal depression and subsequent depression in offspring at age 18 years..},
	number = {3},
	urldate = {2020-06-23},
	journal = {JAMA Psychiatry},
	author = {Gutierrez-Galve, Leticia and Stein, Alan and Hanington, Lucy and Heron, Jon and Lewis, Glyn and O'Farrelly, Christine and Ramchandani, Paul G.},
	month = mar,
	year = {2019},
	pmid = {30586134},
	note = {Publisher: American Medical Association},
	keywords = {adolescent, child, depression, maternal, depressive disorders, father, parental mental health},
	pages = {290--296},
}

@article{chai_shedding_2019,
	title = {Shedding more light on the use of mechanical aortic valve replacement in patients with congenital heart disease},
	volume = {157},
	issn = {1097-685X},
	doi = {10.1016/j.jtcvs.2018.08.047},
	language = {eng},
	number = {1},
	journal = {The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery},
	author = {Chai, Paul J.},
	year = {2019},
	pmid = {30266394},
	keywords = {Aortic Valve, Child, Heart Defects, Congenital, Heart Valve Prosthesis, Humans, Young Adult},
	pages = {341}
}

Paper  doi  abstract   bibtex   

@article{lee_neurodevelopmental_2019,
	title = {Neurodevelopmental {Outcomes} of {Children} {Born} to {Opioid}-{Dependent} {Mothers}: {A} {Systematic} {Review} and {Meta}-{Analysis}},
	issn = {18762867},
	url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31734383},
	doi = {10.1016/j.acap.2019.11.005},
	abstract = {Background: Children born to opioid-dependent mothers are at risk of adverse neurodevelopment. The magnitude of this risk remains inconclusive. Objective: To conduct a meta-analysis of studies that assessed neurodevelopmental outcomes of children aged 0 to 12 years born to opioid-dependent mothers, compared with children born to nonopioid-dependent mothers, across general cognitive, language, motor, and social-emotional domains. Data Sources: PubMed, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and Google Scholar databases. Study Eligibility Criteria: English-language publications between January 1993 and November 2018, including prenatally opioid-exposed and nonopioid-exposed comparison children, reporting outcomes data on standardized assessments. Study Appraisal and Synthesis Methods: Two reviewers independently extracted data. Pooled standardized mean differences (SMDs) were analyzed using random effects models. Risk of bias was assessed with the Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale. Results: Across 16 studies, individual domain outcomes data were examined for between 93 to 430 opioid-exposed and 75 to 505 nonopioid-exposed infants/children. Opioid-exposed infants and children performed more poorly than their nonopioid-exposed peers across all outcomes examined, demonstrated by lower infant cognitive (SMD = 0.77) and psychomotor scores (SMD = 0.52), lower general cognition/IQ (SMD = 0.76) and language scores (SMD = 0.65–0.74), and higher parent-rated internalizing (SMD = 0.42), externalizing (SMD = 0.66), and attention problems (SMD = 0.72). Limitations: Most studies examined early neurodevelopment; only 3 reported school-age outcomes thereby limiting the ability to assess longer-term impacts of prenatal opioid exposures. Conclusions and Implications of Findings: Children born to opioid-dependent mothers are at modest- to high-risk of adverse neurodevelopment at least to middle childhood. Future studies should identify specific clinical and social factors underlying these challenges to improve outcomes.},
	urldate = {2020-03-06},
	journal = {Academic Pediatrics},
	author = {Lee, Samantha J. and Bora, Samudragupta and Austin, Nicola C. and Westerman, Anneliese and Henderson, Jacqueline M.T.},
	month = nov,
	year = {2019},
	note = {Publisher: Elsevier Inc.},
	keywords = {analgesics, buprenorphine, child, child behavior, child development, cognition, heroin, infant, intelligence, language development, meta-analysis, methadone, narcotics, neurodevelopmental disorders, opiate substitution treatment, opioid, opioid-related disorders, prenatal exposure delayed effects, prenatal opioid exposure, psychomotor performance},
}

Paper  abstract   bibtex   

@misc{baker_s.c._systematic_2017,
	title = {Systematic {Review} of {Interventions} to {Reduce} {Psychiatric} {Morbidity} in {Parents} and {Children} {After} {PICU} {Admissions}},
	url = {http://journals.lww.com/pccmjournal},
	abstract = {OBJECTIVE:: To describe and evaluate interventions aimed at reducing psychiatric morbidity in parents and children discharged from PICU. DATA SOURCES:: A systematic review of the literature was undertaken, searching EMBASE, PSYCHinfo, MEDLINE, and CINAHL. Experts in the field were contacted to identify unpublished studies. STUDY SELECTION:: Exclusion criteria: Studies with participants above age 18 or drawn from a neonatal ICU, studies not in English, and those not measuring psychopathology. DATA EXTRACTION:: Seven hundred fifty-three articles initially identified were hand searched which identified three studies, with a further three studies found by contacting experts in the field. Of these, three were randomized controlled trials and three feasibility studies. DATA SYNTHESIS:: The interventions primarily targeted parents (particularly mothers), with the aim of reducing psychopathology especially posttraumatic stress disorder. Findings from these few studies demonstrated that interventions can lead to a reduction in parent and child psychopathology. Key ingredients of these interventions included psychoeducation, parent support after discharge, offering intervention to those families at high risk of developing psychopathology as identified by screening at the point of discharge, follow-up of all families with the aim of case finding, and specific interventions to target posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms. CONCLUSIONS:: Intervention studies are few but do lead to reductions in parent and child psychopathology. There is sufficient information to suggest some of these interventions could be supported and further evaluated. Copyright ©2017The Society of Critical Care Medicine and the World Federation of Pediatric Intensive and Critical Care Societies},
	journal = {Pediatric Critical Care Medicine},
	author = {{Baker S.C.} and {Gledhill J.A.}},
	year = {2017},
	keywords = {*morbidity, *psychiatric intensive care unit, Child, Cinahl, Embase, Medline, Neonatal intensive care unit, PsycINFO, adult, case finding, controlled study, family study, feasibility study, female, follow up, human, intervention study, mental disease, mother, newborn, posttraumatic stress disorder, psychoeducation, screening, systematic review, young adult}
}

Paper  abstract   bibtex   

@article{
 title = {Birth weight and subsequent body mass index in children: an international cross-sectional study},
 type = {article},
 year = {2017},
 identifiers = {[object Object]},
 keywords = {Birth weight,body mass index,child,epidemiology,gross national income},
 pages = {280-285},
 volume = {12},
 id = {acab89e5-0963-362b-87a8-c8859c8ff5c6},
 created = {2017-12-18T01:47:09.275Z},
 file_attached = {true},
 profile_id = {6c9edcaf-81dc-3357-bb56-dee7616baa0c},
 group_id = {ac4e17e4-c387-3e1e-aa52-1ae5d129a0ef},
 last_modified = {2018-01-14T20:35:43.205Z},
 read = {true},
 starred = {false},
 authored = {false},
 confirmed = {true},
 hidden = {false},
 private_publication = {false},
 abstract = {Background: The reported association between birth weight and subsequent body mass index (BMI) is conflicting. Objectives: To examine the relationship between birth weight and BMI in children aged 6-7 years. Methods: Secondary analysis of data from a multi-centre, multi-country, cross-sectional study (International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) Phase Three). Parents/guardians of children aged 6-7 years completed questionnaires about their children's birth weight, current height and weight and whether their mother smoked in the first year of the child's life. A general linear mixed model was used to determine the association between BMI and birth weight. Results: A total of 72 111 children (17 countries) were included in the analysis. There was a positive association of birth weight with BMI (for each kg increase in birth weight the BMI at 6-7 increased by 0.47 (SE 0.02) kg/m<sup>2</sup>; p < 0.0001) with a clear gradient by birth weight category. There was no statistically significant interaction between birth weight and Gross National Income (GNI). Conclusions: There is a positive linear relationship between birth weight and BMI in 6-7 year old children, which is present in both high and low income countries. Copyright © 2016 World Obesity Federation},
 bibtype = {article},
 author = {Mitchell, E. A. and Stewart, A. W. and Braithwaite, I. and Hancox, R. J. and Murphy, R. and Wall, C. and Beasley, R.},
 journal = {Pediatric Obesity},
 number = {4}
}

Paper  abstract   bibtex   

@article{correa-selm_use_2017,
	title = {Use of {Biologics} in {Private} {Practice}: {Nine} {Years} of {Lessons} and {Learning}},
	volume = {16},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	issn = {1545-9616 (Print) 1545-9616 (Linking)},
	url = {https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28301616},
	abstract = {{\textless}p{\textgreater}Over a decade ago, the FDA approved biologics for psoriasis, which changed how the disease is treated and, in most cases, has a significant positive impact on the lives of patients. Side effects primarily identified during the investigational and research phase led to the development of specific guidelines for treatment. The treatment guidelines have been amended to incorporate better understandings of side-effects over the years that the disease has been treated. In this study, we focused on a chart review that included assessing the current guidelines and their alignment with modern patient management and the recent side effects presented. This life-cycle evaluation included over 100 patients, management of their treatment, laboratory abnormalities, criteria for choosing or changing to a different biologic, and the effects of the treatments management throughout the years. The review identified some recommended changes in the application and treatment of psoriasis with biologics. To further evidence our findings, we hope to expand this study to a larger scale with more patients.{\textless}/p{\textgreater} {\textless}p{\textgreater}{\textless}em{\textgreater}J Drugs Dermatol. 2017;16(3):215-217.{\textless}/em{\textgreater}{\textless}/p{\textgreater}.},
	number = {3},
	journal = {J Drugs Dermatol},
	author = {Correa-Selm, L. M. and Alamgir, M. and Rao, B. K.},
	month = mar,
	year = {2017},
	keywords = {Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Biological Products/administration \& dosage/adverse effects/*therapeutic use, Child, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Practice Guidelines as Topic, Private Practice/*trends, Psoriasis/blood/*drug therapy, Quality of Life, Retrospective Studies, Severity of Illness Index, Young Adult},
	pages = {215--217},
}

Paper  abstract   bibtex   

@misc{kim_e.s._teduglutide:_2017,
	title = {Teduglutide: {A} {Review} in {Short} {Bowel} {Syndrome}},
	url = {http://rd.springer.com/journal/40265},
	abstract = {Subcutaneous teduglutide (Revestive), a glucagon-like peptide-2 analogue that increases intestinal absorption, is approved in the EU for the treatment of short bowel syndrome (SBS) in patients aged {\textgreater}1 year who are stable following a period of postsurgical intestinal adaptation. In a phase III trial in adults with SBS intestinal failure (IF) dependent on parenteral support (PS), a significantly greater proportion of teduglutide 0.05 mg/kg/day than placebo recipients achieved a {\textgreater}20\% reduction in weekly PS volume from baseline to week 20 and maintained it to week 24. The proportion of patients who had a reduction in one or more days on PS was also significant with teduglutide compared with placebo. Improved intestinal absorption and reduced PS requirements were generally maintained in the longer term. Results from a phase III trial in paediatric patients with SBS-IF dependent on PS were consistent with those in adults. Adverse events were mostly of mild to moderate severity and generally consistent with the underlying condition or known mechanism of the drug (e.g. central line-related issues, gastrointestinal events). Teduglutide is therefore a useful treatment option in children (aged {\textgreater}1 year), adolescents and adults with SBS. Copyright © 2017, Springer International Publishing Switzerland. All Right Reserved.},
	journal = {Drugs},
	author = {{Kim E.S.} and {Keam S.J.}},
	year = {2017},
	keywords = {*short bowel syndrome, *short bowel syndrome/dt [Drug Therapy], *short bowel syndrome/th [Therapy], *teduglutide, *teduglutide/ae [Adverse Drug Reaction], *teduglutide/dt [Drug Therapy], *teduglutide/pd [Pharmacology], *teduglutide/pk [Pharmacokinetics], *teduglutide/sc [Subcutaneous Drug Administration], Child, Parenteral nutrition, abdominal distension/si [Side Effect], acute cholecystitis/si [Side Effect], adolescent, adult, adverse drug reaction, article, catheter infection/co [Complication], central venous catheter, central venous catheter/am [Adverse Device Effect], clinical study, clinical trial, controlled clinical trial, controlled study, decreased appetite/si [Side Effect], disease severity, drug efficacy, drug therapy, drug tolerability, gastrointestinal dysplasia/si [Side Effect], gastrointestinal polyposis/si [Side Effect], gastrointestinal symptom/si [Side Effect], gastrointestinal tract, gastrointestinal tumor/si [Side Effect], human, infant, influenza/si [Side Effect], injection site erythema/si [Side Effect], intestinal failure, intestine absorption, intestine polyp/si [Side Effect], intestine stenosis/si [Side Effect], multicenter study (topic), nonhuman, peripheral edema/si [Side Effect], pharmacodynamic parameters, phase 3 clinical trial, phase 3 clinical trial (topic), placebo, recipient, rectum polyp/si [Side Effect], rhinopharyngitis/si [Side Effect], sepsis/co [Complication], short bowel syndrome/dt [Drug Therapy], side effect, stomach adenoma/si [Side Effect], systematic review, upper abdominal pain/si [Side Effect]}
}

Paper  abstract   bibtex   

@misc{totonchi_z._effect_2017,
	title = {Effect of dexmedetomidine infusion on hemodynamics and stress responses in pediatric cardiac surgery: {A} randomized trial},
	url = {http://cardiovascmed.com/72535.pdf},
	abstract = {Background: Infants and children compared with adults have intensified stress responses that lead to increased morbidity and mortality. Stress control reduces the incidence of complications and improves recovery. In clinical and experimental studies, dexmedetomidine reduces the inflammatory and neuroendocrine responses. Objectives: This prospective randomized double-blinded clinical trial was conducted to assess the role of dexmedetomidine in reducing stress responses. Materials and Methods: According to convenient sampling method, 40 patients in two groups (case under treatment with dexmedetomidine and control, each including 20 patients) were selected from whom admitted for open heart surgery. Anesthesia was induced and maintained by fentanyl and midazolam. After central venous and arterial catheter insertion, patients were randomly allocated into one of two equal groups (n = 20 each). In the dexmedetomidine group, patients received an initial loading dose (0.5 micro g/kg) during 10 minutes immediately followed by a continuous infusion of 0.5 micro g/kg. In the control group, normal saline solution with similar volume was infused. Results: Changes in heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressures and central venous pressure before administration of dexmedetomidine, in 10, 20 and 30 minutes after the operation, after skin incision, after sternotomy, after separation from the pump and at the end of procedure showed no significant difference between the two groups (P = 0.860, 0.067, 0.888 and 0.482, respectively). Changes in lactate, interleukin 6, tumor necrosis factor, C-reactive protein concentrations before administration of dexmedetomidine, after separation of pump and 24 hours after intensive care unit entrance showed no significant difference between the two groups (P = 0.525, 0.767, 0.868 and 0.840, respectively). Conclusions: According to our findings, using dexmedetomidine as an adjuvant anesthetic medication with initial loading dose of 0.5 micro g/kg and maintenance dose of 0.5 micro g/kg in pediatric heart surgeries is a safe choice. However, further studies are needed to clarify the role of dexmedetomidine to reduce stress responses. Copyright © 2016 Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences.},
	journal = {Research in Cardiovascular Medicine},
	author = {{Totonchi Z.} and {Rezvani H.} and {Ghorbanloo M.} and {Yazdanian F.} and {Mahdavi M.} and {Babaali N.} and {Salajegheh S.} and {Chitsazan M.}},
	year = {2017},
	keywords = {*chemical stress, *dexmedetomidine, *dexmedetomidine/ct [Clinical Trial], *diastolic blood pressure, *heart surgery, *hemodynamics, *infusion, *open heart surgery, *stress, Anesthesia, C reactive protein, C reactive protein/ec [Endogenous Compound], Child, adjuvant, artery catheter, article, cardiopulmonary bypass, central venous catheter, central venous pressure, clinical article, clinical trial, continuous infusion, control group, controlled clinical trial, controlled study, diastolic blood pressure, drug therapy, endogenous compound, female, fentanyl, heart rate, human, hypertension, hypotension, incidence, infant, inflammation, intensive care unit, interleukin 6, interleukin 6/ec [Endogenous Compound], lactate dehydrogenase/ec [Endogenous Compound], lactic acid, loading drug dose, lymphotoxin beta, maintenance drug dose, male, midazolam, normal human, preschool child, prospective study, randomized controlled trial, sampling, single blind procedure, skin incision, sodium chloride, sternotomy, systolic blood pressure, tumor necrosis factor/ec [Endogenous Compound]}
}

Paper  abstract   bibtex   

@misc{ferre_c.l._caregiver-directed_2016,
	title = {Caregiver-directed home-based intensive bimanual training in young children with unilateral spastic cerebral palsy: {A} randomized trial},
	url = {http://www.wiley.com/bw/journal.asp?ref=0012-1622&site=1},
	abstract = {Aim: To examine the efficacy of caregiver-directed, home-based intensive bimanual training in children with unilateral spastic cerebral palsy (USCP) using a randomized control trial. Method: Twenty-four children (ages 2y 6mo-10y 1mo; 10 males, 14 females) performed home-based activities directed by a caregiver for 2 hours per day, 5 days per week, for 9 weeks (total=90h). Cohorts of children were age-matched into groups and randomized to receive home-based hand-arm bimanual intensive therapy (H-HABIT; n=12) or lower-limb functional intensive training (LIFT-control; n=12). Caregivers were trained before the intervention and supervised remotely via telerehabilitation. Dexterity and bimanual hand function were assessed using the Box and Blocks test (BBT) and the Assisting Hand Assessment (AHA) respectively. Caregiver perception of functional goals was measured using the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM). Results: H-HABIT showed greater improvement on the BBT compared to LIFT-control and no improvement on the AHA. H-HABIT demonstrated significant improvement in COPM-Performance compared to LIFT-control and both groups showed equal improvement in COPM-Satisfaction. Interpretation: H-HABIT improved dexterity and performance of functional goals, but not bimanual performance, in children with USCP compared to a control group receiving intervention of equal intensity/duration that also controlled for increased caregiver attention. Home-based models provide a valuable, family-centered approach to achieve increased treatment intensity. Copyright © 2016 Mac Keith Press.},
	journal = {Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology},
	author = {{Ferre C.L.} and {Brandao M.} and {Surana B.} and {Dew A.P.} and {Moreau N.G.} and {Gordon A.M.}},
	year = {2016},
	keywords = {*caregiver, *cerebral palsy, Child, attention, clinical article, clinical trial, control group, controlled clinical trial, controlled study, endogenous compound, female, hand function, human, intensive care, lower limb, male, model, perception, preschool child, randomized controlled trial, satisfaction, telerehabilitation}
}

Paper  abstract   bibtex   

@article{martinez-rios_sterile_2016,
	title = {Sterile pyogenic arthritis pyoderma gangrenosum, and acne ({PAPA}) syndrome: {Musculoskeletal} imaging findings and common differential diagnosis in children},
	volume = {46},
	issn = {1432-1998},
	url = {http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L72287938},
	abstract = {Purpose or Case Report: Sterile pyogenic arthritis, pyoderma gangrenosum, and acne (PAPA syndrome) is a rare autosomal dominant inherited entity due to a missense mutation in the proline serine threonine phosphatase-interacting protein 1 (PSTPIP1/CD2BP1) gene, characterized by typical recurrent episodes of sterile pyogenic arthritis, either spontaneous or following a trauma, and skin manifestations characterized by pyoderma gangrenosum and acne. The articular manifestation is seen in the first decade of life, where most of the initial episodes are treated as septic arthritis. Cutaneous manifestations appear in early adulthood. Although uncommon, the potential therapeutic and clinical implications due to the rapidly destructive nature of PAPA syndrome warrant a prompt diagnosis. We present two unrelated pediatric patients from different institutions with genetically confirmed PAPA syndrome. The purpose of this study was to illustrate the musculoskeletal radiologic spectrum of findings of PAPA syndrome, and to discuss the differential diagnostic entities commonly seen in children. A second objective was to review the clinical and laboratory findings that allow diagnosis of PAPA syndrome Methods \& Materials: Patients' consent were obtained. We reviewed the imaging features of PAPA syndrome in different imaging modalities including plain radiograph, ultrasound, and magnetic resonance imaging, and we included representative cases of more common musculoskeletal diagnostic entities that present with similar imaging and clinical features in children Results: Many of the imaging features seen in PAPA syndrome overlap with other clinical conditions including septic arthritis, osteomyelitis and juvenile idiopathic arthritis, including joint effusion, synovial thickening and extensive soft tissue swelling Conclusions: PAPA syndrome would not be suspected initially based on imaging appearance alone, but should be considered in cases of recurrent septic arthritis or in those demonstrating skin manifestations. Radiologists familiarization with the syndrome may allow them to recognize the condition earlier in its course.},
	number = {(Jariwala M.; Highmore K.; Duffy K.W.; Laxer R.; Stimec J.)},
	journal = {Pediatric Radiology},
	author = {Martinez-Rios, C. and Jariwala, M. and Highmore, K. and Duffy, K.W. and Laxer, R. and Stimec, J.},
	year = {2016},
	keywords = {PAPA syndrome, X ray film, acne, adulthood, autosomal dominant inheritance, bacterial arthritis, case report, child, clinical feature, diagnosis, differential diagnosis, edema, gene, human, imaging, injury, joint effusion, juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, laboratory, missense mutation, nuclear magnetic resonance imaging, osteomyelitis, patient, phosphatase, proline, pyoderma gangrenosum, radiologist, radiology, serine, skin manifestation, soft tissue, synapsin I, threonine, ultrasound},
	pages = {S246}
}

Paper  abstract   bibtex   

@misc{ratnayake_a._pharmacokinetics_2016,
	title = {Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of albuterol multidose dry powder inhaler and albuterol hydrofluoroalkane in children with asthma},
	url = {http://www.ingentaconnect.com/search/download?pub=infobike%3a%2f%2focean%2faap%2f2016%2f00000037%2f00000005%2fart00011&mimetype=application%2fpdf&exitTargetId=1473325081442},
	abstract = {Background: Many children struggle with the use of albuterol hydrofluoroalkane (HFA) inhalers. Albuterol multidose dry powder inhaler (MDPI) may simplify rescue bronchodilator use in children. Objective: To compare the pharmacokinetics (PK), pharmacodynamics (PD), and tolerability of albuterol MDPI and albuterol HFA after a single inhaled dose in children with asthma. Methods: This single-center, open-label, two-period crossover study randomized children to albuterol MDPI or HFA 180 mug on two treatment days with a 4- to 14-day washout. Plasma albuterol concentrations were measured before the dose and up to 10 hours after the dose to determine the primary PK values of area under the plasma concentration-versus-time curve from time 0 to the last measurable concentration (AUC0-t), maximum observed concentration (Cmax), and AUC from time 0 extrapolated to infinity (AUC0-inf). Heart rate and blood pressure before the dose and after the dose were monitored for PD effects, and adverse events (AE) were monitored for overall safety. Results: Fifteen children, ages 6-11 years, were included (PK, n = 13 for time to Cmax and terminal half-life of elimination; n = 12 for AUC and Cmax due to incomplete data). AUC0-t (geometric mean ratio [GMR] 1.056 [90\% confidence interval \{CI\}, 0.88 -1.268]) and AUC0-inf (GMR 0.971 [90\% CI, 0.821-1.147]) were comparable between treatments. Cmax was larger for albuterol MDPI versus HFA (GMR 1.340 [90\% CI, 1.098 -1.636]). PD parameters between the treatments were comparable. No deaths, serious AEs, treatment-emergent AEs, or withdrawals due to AEs were reported for either treatment. Conclusion: Albuterol MDPI and albuterol HFA had comparable PK and PD in children after a single 180-mug dose. Copyright ©2016, OceanSide Publications, Inc., U.S.A.},
	journal = {Allergy and Asthma Proceedings},
	author = {{Ratnayake A.} and {Taveras H.} and {Iverson H.} and {Shore P.}},
	year = {2016},
	keywords = {*albuterol hydrofluoroalkane/ae [Adverse Drug Reaction], *albuterol hydrofluoroalkane/cm [Drug Comparison], *albuterol hydrofluoroalkane/ct [Clinical Trial], *albuterol hydrofluoroalkane/dt [Drug Therapy], *albuterol hydrofluoroalkane/ih [Inhalational Drug Administration], *albuterol hydrofluoroalkane/pk [Pharmacokinetics], *antiasthmatic agent/ae [Adverse Drug Reaction], *antiasthmatic agent/cm [Drug Comparison], *antiasthmatic agent/ct [Clinical Trial], *antiasthmatic agent/dt [Drug Therapy], *antiasthmatic agent/ih [Inhalational Drug Administration], *antiasthmatic agent/pk [Pharmacokinetics], *asthma, *asthma/dt [Drug Therapy], *dry powder inhaler, *dry powder inhaler/ct [Clinical Trial], *dry powder inhaler/dc [Device Comparison], *inhaler, *inhaler/ct [Clinical Trial], *inhaler/dc [Device Comparison], *multidose dry powder inhaler, *multidose dry powder inhaler/ct [Clinical Trial], *multidose dry powder inhaler/dc [Device Comparison], *pharmacodynamics, *salbutamol, *salbutamol/ae [Adverse Drug Reaction], *salbutamol/cm [Drug Comparison], *salbutamol/cr [Drug Concentration], *salbutamol/ct [Clinical Trial], *salbutamol/dt [Drug Therapy], *salbutamol/ih [Inhalational Drug Administration], *salbutamol/pk [Pharmacokinetics], Child, Pharmacokinetics, adverse drug reaction, area under the curve, asthma/dt [Drug Therapy], blood pressure, blood pressure monitoring, clinical article, clinical trial, conference paper, confidence interval, controlled clinical trial, controlled study, crossover procedure, death, drug blood level, drug efficacy, drug elimination, drug half life, drug monitoring, drug safety, drug withdrawal, female, fluorinated hydrocarbon, half life time, heart rate, human, human tissue, male, maximum plasma concentration, pharmacodynamics, phase 1 clinical trial, plasma concentration-time curve, preschool child, randomized controlled trial, safety, side effect, time to maximum plasma concentration, unclassified drug, unspecified side effect/si [Side Effect]}
}

@article{mitchell_physical_2016,
	title = {Physical {Activity} {Benefits} the {Skeleton} of {Children} {Genetically} {Predisposed} to {Lower} {Bone} {Density} in {Adulthood}},
	volume = {31},
	issn = {1523-4681},
	doi = {10.1002/jbmr.2872},
	abstract = {Both genetics and physical activity (PA) contribute to bone mineral density (BMD), but it is unknown if the benefits of physical activity on childhood bone accretion depend on genetic risk. We, therefore, aimed to determine if PA influenced the effect of bone fragility genetic variants on BMD in childhood. Our sample comprised US children of European ancestry enrolled in the Bone Mineral Density in Childhood Study (N = 918, aged 5 to 19 years, and 52.4\% female). We used a questionnaire to estimate hours per day spent in total, high-, and low-impact PA. We calculated a BMD genetic score (\% BMD lowering alleles) using adult genome-wide association study (GWAS)-implicated BMD variants. We used dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry to estimate femoral neck, total hip, and spine areal-BMD and total body less head (TBLH) bone mineral content (BMC) Z-scores. The BMD genetic score was negatively associated with each bone Z-score (eg, TBLH-BMC: estimate = -0.03, p = 1.3 × 10(-6) ). Total PA was positively associated with bone Z-scores; these associations were driven by time spent in high-impact PA (eg, TBLH-BMC: estimate = 0.05, p = 4.0 × 10(-10) ) and were observed even for children with lower than average bone Z-scores. We found no evidence of PA-adult genetic score interactions (p interaction {\textgreater} 0.05) at any skeletal site, and there was no evidence of PA-genetic score-Tanner stage interactions at any skeletal site (p interaction {\textgreater} 0.05). However, exploratory analyses at the individual variant level revealed that PA statistically interacted with rs2887571 (ERC1/WNT5B) to influence TBLH-BMC in males (p interaction = 7.1 × 10(-5) ), where PA was associated with higher TBLH-BMC Z-score among the BMD-lowering allele carriers (rs2887571 AA homozygotes: estimate = 0.08 [95\% CI 0.06, 0.11], p = 2.7 × 10(-9) ). In conclusion, the beneficial effect of PA on bone, especially high-impact PA, applies to the average child and those genetically predisposed to lower adult BMD (based on GWAS-implicated BMD variants). Independent replication of our exploratory individual variant findings is warranted. © 2016 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {8},
	journal = {Journal of Bone and Mineral Research: The Official Journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research},
	author = {Mitchell, Jonathan A. and Chesi, Alessandra and Elci, Okan and McCormack, Shana E. and Roy, Sani M. and Kalkwarf, Heidi J. and Lappe, Joan M. and Gilsanz, Vicente and Oberfield, Sharon E. and Shepherd, John A. and Kelly, Andrea and Grant, Struan Fa and Zemel, Babette S.},
	year = {2016},
	pmid = {27172274},
	pmcid = {PMC4970901},
	keywords = {Adolescent, Adult, BONE MINERAL DENSITY, Bone Density, Bone and Bones, CHILDREN, Child, Cohort Studies, EXERCISE, Exercise, Female, GENETIC, Genetic Loci, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Humans, Male, PHYSICAL ACTIVITY, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Risk Factors},
	pages = {1504--1512}
}

Paper  abstract   bibtex   

@misc{bannon_l._impact_2016,
	title = {Impact of non-pharmacological interventions on prevention and treatment of delirium in critically ill patients: {Protocol} for a systematic review of quantitative and qualitative research},
	url = {http://www.systematicreviewsjournal.com/},
	abstract = {Background: Critically ill patients have an increased risk of developing delirium during their intensive care stay. To date, pharmacological interventions have not been shown to be effective for delirium management but non-pharmacological interventions have shown some promise. The aim of this systematic review is to identify effective non-pharmacological interventions for reducing the incidence or the duration of delirium in critically ill patients. Methods: We will search MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, Web of Science, AMED, psycINFO and the Cochrane Library. We will include studies of critically ill adults and children. We will include randomised trials and controlled trials which measure the effectiveness of one or more non-pharmacological interventions in reducing incidence or duration of delirium in critically ill patients. We will also include qualitative studies that provide an insight into patients and their families' experiences of delirium and non-pharmacological interventions. Two independent reviewers will assess studies for eligibility, extract data and appraise quality. We will conduct meta-analyses if possible or present results narratively. Qualitative studies will also be reviewed by two independent reviewers, and a specially designed quality assessment tool incorporating the CASP framework and the POPAY framework will be used to assess quality. Discussion: Although non-pharmacological interventions have been studied in populations outside of intensive care units and multicomponent interventions have successfully reduced incidence and duration of delirium, no systematic review of non-pharmacological interventions specifically targeting delirium in critically ill patients have been undertaken to date. This systematic review will provide evidence for the development of a multicomponent intervention for delirium management of critically ill patients that can be tested in a subsequent multicentre randomised trial. Systematic review registration: PROSPERO CRD42015016625 Copyright © 2016 Bannon et al.},
	journal = {Systematic Reviews},
	author = {{Bannon L.} and {McGaughey J.} and {Clarke M.} and {McAuley D.F.} and {Blackwood B.}},
	year = {2016},
	keywords = {*critical illness, *critically ill patient, *delirium, *delirium/pc [Prevention], *delirium/th [Therapy], *intensive care unit, *medical procedures, *qualitative research, *registration, Child, Cinahl, Cochrane Library, Embase, Medline, PsycINFO, Web of Science, adult, article, bright light therapy, cognitive therapy, controlled clinical trial, critically ill patient, ear plug, education, exercise, extract, eye mask, family study, human, incidence, intensive care unit, lighting control, mask, meta analysis, music therapy, noise reduction, orientation, outcome assessment, physiotherapy, priority journal, publication, qualitative research, quality control, quantitative study, randomized controlled trial, randomized controlled trial (topic), risk factor, scientific literature, sensitivity analysis, systematic review}
}

Website  bibtex   

@article{
 title = {Knowledge and practice of childhood motor vehicle restraint use in Nova Scotia: phase II.},
 type = {article},
 year = {2015},
 identifiers = {[object Object]},
 keywords = {Booster seats,Child,Child restraint systems/utilization,Health knowledge/attitudes/practice,Parents/education},
 volume = {74},
 websites = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25463955},
 month = {1},
 publisher = {Elsevier Ltd},
 id = {267853cb-3aca-3183-ab42-8fb73523d42f},
 created = {2016-09-13T00:48:10.000Z},
 accessed = {2016-09-05},
 file_attached = {false},
 profile_id = {c7856f8a-4963-3e63-90cb-57986d91c9b0},
 group_id = {1fd78437-06d9-37cf-b89d-417b03940b66},
 last_modified = {2016-09-13T00:58:21.000Z},
 read = {false},
 starred = {false},
 authored = {false},
 confirmed = {true},
 hidden = {false},
 bibtype = {article},
 author = {Yanchar, Natalie L. and Young, Julian B. and Langille, Donald B.},
 journal = {Accident; analysis and prevention}
}

@article {1422,
	title = {An update on anxiety in youth with autism spectrum disorders.},
	journal = {Current Opinion in Psychiatry},
	volume = {28},
	year = {2015},
	month = {2015 Mar},
	pages = {83-90},
	abstract = {<p><b>PURPOSE OF REVIEW: </b>Anxiety is one of the most common co-occurring psychiatric conditions in youth with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). This article reviews recent evidence as well as earlier relevant studies regarding the characteristics, assessment, and treatment of anxiety in youth with ASD.</p><p><b>RECENT FINDINGS: </b>It is well established that the prevalence of anxiety in youth with an ASD is significantly greater than the prevalence of anxiety in the general population. Recent studies have highlighted the importance of informant, method, and instrument when measuring anxiety in this population. Despite the high prevalence, findings to date have been unable to identify any consistent risk factors for anxiety. New psychological treatments, including modified cognitive behavioral therapy for youth with high functioning ASD and co-occurring anxiety, are emerging. Pharmacological data, however, are scant. Existing studies show that youth with ASD are at increased risk for behavioral activation when taking SSRIs.</p><p><b>SUMMARY: </b>Clinicians working with youth with ASD are encouraged to routinely screen for anxiety. Until further data are available, clinical judgment is needed when prescribing treatments, particularly selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, which require close monitoring of side-effects. Research on risk factors, pathophysiology, and treatment of this condition is needed.</p>},
	keywords = {Adolescent, Anxiety, Child, Child Development Disorders, Pervasive, Humans},
	issn = {1473-6578},
	doi = {10.1097/YCO.0000000000000133},
	author = {Roma A. Vasa and Micah O Mazurek}
}

Paper  doi  abstract   bibtex   

@article{bobb_bayesian_2015,
	title = {Bayesian kernel machine regression for estimating the health effects of multi-pollutant mixtures},
	volume = {16},
	issn = {1468-4357},
	url = {https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25532525/},
	doi = {10.1093/BIOSTATISTICS/KXU058},
	abstract = {Because humans are invariably exposed to complex chemical mixtures, estimating the health effects of multi-pollutant exposures is of critical concern in environmental epidemiology, and to regulatory agencies such as the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. However, most health effects studies focus on single agents or consider simple two-way interaction models, in part because we lack the statistical methodology to more realistically capture the complexity of mixed exposures. We introduce Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) as a new approach to study mixtures, in which the health outcome is regressed on a flexible function of the mixture (e.g. air pollution or toxic waste) components that is specified using a kernel function. In high-dimensional settings, a novel hierarchical variable selection approach is incorporated to identify important mixture components and account for the correlated structure of the mixture. Simulation studies demonstrate the success of BKMR in estimating the exposure-response function and in identifying the individual components of the mixture responsible for health effects. We demonstrate the features of the method through epidemiology and toxicology applications.},
	number = {3},
	urldate = {2021-12-16},
	journal = {Biostatistics (Oxford, England)},
	author = {Bobb, Jennifer F. and Valeri, Linda and Claus Henn, Birgit and Christiani, David C. and Wright, Robert O. and Mazumdar, Maitreyi and Godleski, John J. and Coull, Brent A.},
	month = sep,
	year = {2015},
	pmid = {25532525},
	note = {Publisher: Biostatistics},
	keywords = {Animals, Bangladesh, Bayes Theorem*, Biostatistics, Brent A Coull, Child, Developmental Disabilities / etiology, Dogs, Environmental Health / statistics \& numerical data, Environmental Pollutants / adverse effects*, Extramural, Female, Hemodynamics / drug effects, Humans, Infant, Jennifer F Bobb, Linda Valeri, MEDLINE, Machine Learning, Metals / adverse effects, Models, N.I.H., NCBI, NIH, NLM, National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Institutes of Health, National Library of Medicine, Neurodevelopmental Disorders / etiology, Non-P.H.S., Normal Distribution, PMC5963470, Pregnancy, Preschool, PubMed Abstract, Regression Analysis, Research Support, Statistical, U.S. Gov't, doi:10.1093/biostatistics/kxu058, pmid:25532525},
	pages = {493--508},
}

@article{short_anthropometric_2015,
	title = {Anthropometric models of bone mineral content and areal bone mineral density based on the bone mineral density in childhood study},
	volume = {26},
	issn = {1433-2965},
	doi = {10.1007/s00198-014-2916-x},
	abstract = {New models describing anthropometrically adjusted normal values of bone mineral density and content in children have been created for the various measurement sites. The inclusion of multiple explanatory variables in the models provides the opportunity to calculate Z-scores that are adjusted with respect to the relevant anthropometric parameters.
INTRODUCTION: Previous descriptions of children's bone mineral measurements by age have focused on segmenting diverse populations by race and sex without adjusting for anthropometric variables or have included the effects of a single anthropometric variable.
METHODS: We applied multivariate semi-metric smoothing to the various pediatric bone-measurement sites using data from the Bone Mineral Density in Childhood Study to evaluate which of sex, race, age, height, weight, percent body fat, and sexual maturity explain variations in the population's bone mineral values. By balancing high adjusted R(2) values with clinical needs, two models are examined.
RESULTS: At the spine, whole body, whole body sub head, total hip, hip neck, and forearm sites, models were created using sex, race, age, height, and weight as well as an additional set of models containing these anthropometric variables and percent body fat. For bone mineral density, weight is more important than percent body fat, which is more important than height. For bone mineral content, the order varied by site with body fat being the weakest component. Including more anthropometrics in the model reduces the overlap of the critical groups, identified as those individuals with a Z-score below -2, from the standard sex, race, and age model.
CONCLUSIONS: If body fat is not available, the simpler model including height and weight should be used. The inclusion of multiple explanatory variables in the models provides the opportunity to calculate Z-scores that are adjusted with respect to the relevant anthropometric parameters.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {3},
	journal = {Osteoporosis international: a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA},
	author = {Short, D. F. and Gilsanz, V. and Kalkwarf, H. J. and Lappe, J. M. and Oberfield, S. and Shepherd, J. A. and Winer, K. K. and Zemel, B. S. and Hangartner, T. N.},
	month = mar,
	year = {2015},
	pmid = {25311106},
	pmcid = {PMC4768717},
	keywords = {Absorptiometry, Photon, Adipose Tissue, Adolescent, Age Factors, Algorithms, Anthropometry, Body Height, Body Weight, Bone Density, Bone and Bones, Child, Child, Preschool, Continental Population Groups, Female, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Models, Theoretical, Sex Factors, Young Adult},
	pages = {1099--1108}
}

Paper  doi  abstract   bibtex   

@article{johnson_growing_2014,
	title = {Growing up after extremely preterm birth: {Lifespan} mental health outcomes},
	volume = {19},
	issn = {1744165X},
	url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24290907},
	doi = {10.1016/j.siny.2013.11.004},
	abstract = {There is growing interest in the long-term mental health sequelae of extremely preterm birth. In this paper we review literature relating to mental health outcomes across the lifespan. Studies conducted in the preschool years, school age and adolescence, and adulthood show continuity in outcomes and point to an increased risk for inattention, socio-communicative problems and emotional difficulties in individuals born extremely preterm. Both behavioural and neuroimaging studies also provide evidence of a neurodevelopmental origin for mental health disorders in this population. Here we summarise contemporary evidence and highlight key methodological considerations for carrying out and interpreting studies in this field.},
	number = {2},
	urldate = {2015-03-11},
	journal = {Seminars in Fetal and Neonatal Medicine},
	author = {Johnson, Samantha and Marlow, Neil},
	month = apr,
	year = {2014},
	pmid = {24290907},
	keywords = {Adolescent, Adult, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity: dia, Child, Child Behavior Disorders, Child Behavior Disorders: diagnosis, Child, Preschool, Developmental Disabilities, Developmental Disabilities: diagnosis, Humans, Infant, Extremely Premature, Infant, Newborn, Mental Health, Risk Factors},
	pages = {97--104},
}

Paper  doi  abstract   bibtex   

@article{kan_assessing_2014,
	title = {Assessing genetic influences on behavior: informant and context dependency as illustrated by the analysis of attention problems.},
	volume = {44},
	issn = {1573-3297},
	url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24797406},
	doi = {10.1007/s10519-014-9657-7},
	abstract = {Assessment of genetic influences on behavior depends on context, informants, and study design: We show (analytically) that, conditional on study design, informant specific genetic variance is included in the genetic variance component or in the environmental variance component. To aid the explanation, we present an illustrative empirical analysis of data from the Netherlands Twin Register. Subjects included 1,571 monozygotic and 2,672 dizygotic 12-year-old twin pairs whose attention problems (AP) were rated by their parents, teachers, and themselves. Heritability estimates (h(2)) of AP were about {\textasciitilde}0.75 for same informant ratings (mother, father, and same teacher ratings) and {\textasciitilde}0.54 for different informants' ratings (different parents', different teachers', and two twins' self-ratings). Awareness of assessment effects is relevant to research into psychiatric disorders. Differences in assessment can account for age effects, such as a drop in heritability of ADHD symptoms. In genome-wide association studies, effects of rating specific genetic influences will be undetectable.},
	number = {4},
	urldate = {2015-07-21},
	journal = {Behavior genetics},
	author = {Kan, Kees-Jan and van Beijsterveldt, Catharina E M and Bartels, Meike and Boomsma, Dorret I},
	month = jul,
	year = {2014},
	pmid = {24797406},
	keywords = {Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity: epi, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity: gen, Child, Diseases in Twins, Diseases in Twins: genetics, Faculty, Female, Genome-Wide Association Study, Humans, Male, Netherlands, Parents, Reproducibility of Results, Research Design, Twins, Dizygotic, Twins, Dizygotic: genetics, Twins, Monozygotic, Twins, Monozygotic: genetics},
	pages = {326--36},
}

@article{webber_pediatric_2014,
	title = {Pediatric misophonia with comorbid obsessive-compulsive spectrum disorders.},
	volume = {36},
	copyright = {Published by Elsevier Inc.},
	issn = {1873-7714 0163-8343},
	doi = {10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2013.10.018},
	abstract = {OBJECTIVE: Misophonia is a potentially debilitating condition characterized by increased sensitivity to specific sounds, which cause subsequent behavioral and  emotional responses. The nature, clinical phenomenology and etiology of misophonia  remain unclear, and misophonic clinical presentations are not currently accounted  for by existing psychiatric or audiological disorders. METHOD: We present a case of  pediatric misophonia in the context of comorbid obsessive-compulsive disorder and  Tourette's syndrome. RESULTS: Given the interrelationships among  obsessive-compulsive spectrum disorders and misophonia, these disorders may share  underlying pathophysiology, particularly within the dopaminergic and serotonergic  neural systems. Clinical (i.e., treatment) and theoretical implications are  discussed.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {2},
	journal = {General hospital psychiatry},
	author = {Webber, Troy A. and Johnson, Patricia L. and Storch, Eric A.},
	month = apr,
	year = {2014},
	pmid = {24333158},
	note = {Number: 2
Place: United States},
	keywords = {*Sound, Child, Female, Humans, Mental Disorders/psychology, Misophonia, Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder/*psychology, Obsessive–Compulsive disorder, Pediatrics, Tourette Syndrome/*psychology, Tourette's},
	pages = {231.e1--2},
}

@article{burgoyne_characterizing_2014,
	title = {Characterizing the ultrastructure of primary ciliary dyskinesia transposition defect using electron tomography},
	volume = {71},
	issn = {1949-3592},
	doi = {10.1002/cm.21171},
	abstract = {Primary ciliary dyskinesia is an autosomal recessive disorder affecting the motility of cilia. There are a range of ultrastructural ciliary defects that lead to associated clinical symptoms including ineffective mucus clearance, reduced lung function, infertility, and left-right isomerism. Mutations in radial spoke head proteins are a known cause of primary ciliary dyskinesia. Ultrastructually these defects are identified by a portion of cilia lacking a central pair and transposed outer microtubular doublets. We have repeatedly observed an intermittent loss of the central pair in patients with a transposition defect. To further understand the central pair changes in these radial spoke head mutations we employ electron tomography, a high resolution electron microscope technique, to elucidate in three dimensions the ultrastructural arrangements caused by mutation of the RSPH4A gene. We thereby provide an explanation of the structures observed by conventional electron microscopy studies. We demonstrate that the central pair can be present within the cilium. In some cilia, the central pair rotates at the base of the axoneme. We propose that it is this rotation that gives rise to an intermittent appearance of the central pair when viewed under conventional electron microscopy. We discuss the potential causes and consequences of these findings. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {5},
	journal = {Cytoskeleton (Hoboken, N.J.)},
	author = {Burgoyne, Thomas and Lewis, Amy and Dewar, Ann and Luther, Pradeep and Hogg, Claire and Shoemark, Amelia and Dixon, Mellisa},
	month = may,
	year = {2014},
	pmid = {24616277},
	keywords = {Adolescent, Child, Child, Preschool, Cilia, Electron Microscope Tomography, Female, Humans, Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted, Kartagener Syndrome, Male, Microtubules, Young Adult, central pair, cilia, radial spoke head, respiratory, tomogram},
	pages = {294--301}
}

Paper  doi  abstract   bibtex   

@article{poil_age_2014,
	title = {Age dependent electroencephalographic changes in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder ({ADHD}).},
	volume = {125},
	issn = {1872-8952},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1388245714000509},
	doi = {10.1016/j.clinph.2013.12.118},
	abstract = {OBJECTIVE: Objective biomarkers for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) could improve diagnostics or treatment monitoring of this psychiatric disorder. The resting electroencephalogram (EEG) provides non-invasive spectral markers of brain function and development. Their accuracy as ADHD markers is increasingly questioned but may improve with pattern classification.

METHODS: This study provides an integrated analysis of ADHD and developmental effects in children and adults using regression analysis and support vector machine classification of spectral resting (eyes-closed) EEG biomarkers in order to clarify their diagnostic value.

RESULTS: ADHD effects on EEG strongly depend on age and frequency. We observed typical non-linear developmental decreases in delta and theta power for both ADHD and control groups. However, for ADHD adults we found a slowing in alpha frequency combined with a higher power in alpha-1 (8-10Hz) and beta (13-30Hz). Support vector machine classification of ADHD adults versus controls yielded a notable cross validated sensitivity of 67\% and specificity of 83\% using power and central frequency from all frequency bands. ADHD children were not classified convincingly with these markers.

CONCLUSIONS: Resting state electrophysiology is altered in ADHD, and these electrophysiological impairments persist into adulthood.

SIGNIFICANCE: Spectral biomarkers may have both diagnostic and prognostic value.},
	number = {8},
	urldate = {2015-03-26},
	journal = {Clinical neurophysiology},
	author = {Poil, S-S and Bollmann, S and Ghisleni, C and O'Gorman, R L and Klaver, P and Ball, J and Eich-Höchli, D and Brandeis, D and Michels, L},
	month = aug,
	year = {2014},
	pmid = {24582383},
	keywords = {Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aging, Aging: physiology, Attention, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity: dia, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity: phy, Child, Electroencephalography, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Prognosis, Regression Analysis, Rest, Rest: physiology, Sensitivity and Specificity, Support Vector Machines, Young Adult},
	pages = {1626--38},
}

Paper  doi  abstract   bibtex   

@article{sollie_comparison_2013,
	title = {Comparison of mother, father, and teacher reports of {ADHD} core symptoms in a sample of child psychiatric outpatients.},
	volume = {17},
	issn = {1557-1246},
	url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22441890},
	doi = {10.1177/1087054711436010},
	abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To explore the significance of adding father ratings to mother and teacher ratings in the assessment of ADHD symptoms in children.

METHOD: The ADHD Rating Scale-IV, the Child Behavior Checklist, and the Teacher Report Form were filled out by all three informants for a sample of 48 clinically referred children (79\% boys) aged 6 to 15 (M = 10.1) years.

RESULTS: Correspondence between father and teacher reports on ADHD-specific symptoms (intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC] = .38) exceeded that between mothers and teachers (ICC = .23). Fathers rated their children as having fewer problems than did mothers and teachers on Total scale scores and the Inattention subscale of the ADHD Rating Scale-IV. Mother ratings were more sensitive to an ADHD diagnosis, whereas father ratings better predicted an ADHD diagnosis requiring the two-setting criterion.

CONCLUSION: The choice of parent informant and informant combination had a considerable impact on parent-teacher concordance and estimates of ADHD symptoms and subtypes in the child.},
	number = {8},
	urldate = {2015-05-12},
	journal = {Journal of attention disorders},
	author = {Sollie, Henrik and Larsson, Bo and Mørch, Willy-Tore},
	month = nov,
	year = {2013},
	pmid = {22441890},
	keywords = {Adolescent, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity: dia, Child, Faculty, Fathers, Female, Humans, Male, Mothers, Outpatients, Outpatients: psychology, Symptom Assessment},
	pages = {699--710},
}

@article{thompson_epidemiological_2013,
	title = {Epidemiological features and risk factors of {Salmonella} gastroenteritis in children resident in {Ho} {Chi} {Minh} {City}, {Vietnam}.},
	volume = {141},
	issn = {1469-4409 0950-2688},
	doi = {10.1017/S0950268812002014},
	abstract = {Non-typhoidal Salmonella are an important but poorly characterized cause of paediatric diarrhoea in developing countries. We conducted a hospital-based case-control study in children aged {\textless}5 years in Ho Chi Minh City to define the epidemiology and examine risk factors associated with Salmonella diarrhoeal infections. From 1419 diarrhoea cases and 571 controls enrolled between 2009 and  2010, 77 (54\%) diarrhoea cases were stool culture-positive for non-typhoidal Salmonella. Salmonella patients were more likely to be younger than controls (median age 10 and 12 months, respectively) [odds ratio (OR) 097; 95\% confidence  interval (CI) 094-099], to report a recent diarrhoeal contact (81\% cases, 18\% controls; OR 598, 95\% CI 18-204) and to live in a household with {\textgreater}2 children (cases 208\%, controls 102\%; OR 232, 95\% CI 12-47). Our findings indicate that Salmonella are an important cause of paediatric gastroenteritis in this setting and we suggest that transmission may occur through direct human contact in the home.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {8},
	journal = {Epidemiology and infection},
	author = {Thompson, C. N. and Phan, V. T. M. and Le, T. P. T. and Pham, T. N. T. and Hoang, L. P. and Ha, V. and Nguyen, V. M. H. and Pham, V. M. and Nguyen, T. V. and Cao, T. T. and Tran, T. T. N. and Nguyen, T. T. H. and Dao, M. T. and Campbell, J. I. and Nguyen, T. C. and Tang, C. T. and Ha, M. T. and Farrar, J. and Baker, S.},
	month = aug,
	year = {2013},
	pmid = {23010148},
	pmcid = {PMC3733064},
	keywords = {*Developing Countries, Bacterial Typing Techniques, Case-Control Studies, Child, Preschool, Diarrhea/*epidemiology/microbiology, Feces/microbiology, Female, Gastroenteritis/*epidemiology/microbiology, Humans, Infant, Male, Prevalence, Risk Factors, Salmonella Infections/*epidemiology/microbiology/transmission, Salmonella/*isolation \& purification, Surveys and Questionnaires, Urban Population, Vietnam/epidemiology},
	pages = {1604--1613},
}

@article{
 title = {Rates of medical errors and preventable adverse events among hospitalized children following implementation of a resident handoff bundle},
 type = {article},
 year = {2013},
 identifiers = {[object Object]},
 keywords = {Boston,Child,Child, Hospitalized,Communication,Electronic Health Records,Female,Hospitals, Pediatric,Humans,Internship and Residency,Intervention Studies,Male,Medical Errors/prevention & control,Patient Admission,Patient Care Team,Patient Handoff/standards,Prospective Studies,Workload},
 pages = {2262-2270},
 volume = {310},
 month = {12},
 day = {4},
 city = {Division of General Pediatrics, Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts2Doernbecher Children's Hospital, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland.},
 id = {018db06d-f7e0-3911-8657-5e153547e9fc},
 created = {2016-08-21T22:18:53.000Z},
 file_attached = {false},
 profile_id = {217ced55-4c79-38dc-838b-4b5ea8df5597},
 group_id = {408d37d9-5f1b-3398-a9f5-5c1a487116d4},
 last_modified = {2017-03-14T09:54:45.334Z},
 read = {false},
 starred = {false},
 authored = {false},
 confirmed = {true},
 hidden = {false},
 source_type = {JOUR},
 notes = {ID: 67732; GR: 1K12HS019456-01/HS/AHRQ HHS/United States; GR: T32 HP10018/PHS HHS/United States; GR: UL1TR000128/TR/NCATS NIH HHS/United States; JID: 7501160; CIN: JAMA. 2013 Dec 4;310(21):2255-6. PMID: 24302086; ppublish},
 folder_uuids = {4da8a58e-a2c5-4458-a19c-93e568b77eb4,4481d550-f7a1-48e7-874d-7663267b606b},
 private_publication = {false},
 abstract = {IMPORTANCE: Handoff miscommunications are a leading cause of medical errors. Studies comprehensively assessing handoff improvement programs are lacking. OBJECTIVE: To determine whether introduction of a multifaceted handoff program was associated with reduced rates of medical errors and preventable adverse events, fewer omissions of key data in written handoffs, improved verbal handoffs, and changes in resident-physician workflow. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: Prospective intervention study of 1255 patient admissions (642 before and 613 after the intervention) involving 84 resident physicians (42 before and 42 after the intervention) from July-September 2009 and November 2009-January 2010 on 2 inpatient units at Boston Children's Hospital. INTERVENTIONS: Resident handoff bundle, consisting of standardized communication and handoff training, a verbal mnemonic, and a new team handoff structure. On one unit, a computerized handoff tool linked to the electronic medical record was introduced. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: The primary outcomes were the rates of medical errors and preventable adverse events measured by daily systematic surveillance. The secondary outcomes were omissions in the printed handoff document and resident time-motion activity. RESULTS: Medical errors decreased from 33.8 per 100 admissions (95% CI, 27.3-40.3) to 18.3 per 100 admissions (95% CI, 14.7-21.9; P < .001), and preventable adverse events decreased from 3.3 per 100 admissions (95% CI, 1.7-4.8) to 1.5 (95% CI, 0.51-2.4) per 100 admissions (P = .04) following the intervention. There were fewer omissions of key handoff elements on printed handoff documents, especially on the unit that received the computerized handoff tool (significant reductions of omissions in 11 of 14 categories with computerized tool; significant reductions in 2 of 14 categories without computerized tool). Physicians spent a greater percentage of time in a 24-hour period at the patient bedside after the intervention (8.3%; 95% CI 7.1%-9.8%) vs 10.6% (95% CI, 9.2%-12.2%; P = .03). The average duration of verbal handoffs per patient did not change. Verbal handoffs were more likely to occur in a quiet location (33.3%; 95% CI, 14.5%-52.2% vs 67.9%; 95% CI, 50.6%-85.2%; P = .03) and private location (50.0%; 95% CI, 30%-70% vs 85.7%; 95% CI, 72.8%-98.7%; P = .007) after the intervention. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: Implementation of a handoff bundle was associated with a significant reduction in medical errors and preventable adverse events among hospitalized children. Improvements in verbal and written handoff processes occurred, and resident workflow did not change adversely.},
 bibtype = {article},
 author = {Starmer, A J and Sectish, T C and Simon, D W and Keohane, C and McSweeney, M E and Chung, E Y and Yoon, C S and Lipsitz, S R and Wassner, A J and Harper, M B and Landrigan, C P},
 journal = {JAMA : the journal of the American Medical Association},
 number = {21}
}

Paper  doi  abstract   bibtex   

@article{brandlistuen_prenatal_2013,
	title = {Prenatal paracetamol exposure and child neurodevelopment: a sibling-controlled cohort study},
	volume = {42},
	issn = {0300-5771},
	url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24163279},
	doi = {10.1093/ije/dyt183},
	abstract = {BACKGROUND Paracetamol is used extensively during pregnancy, but studies regarding the potential neurodevelopmental sequelae of foetal paracetamol exposure are lacking. Method Between 1999 and 2008 all pregnant Norwegian women were eligible for recruitment into the prospective Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study. The mothers were asked to report on their use of paracetamol at gestational weeks 17 and 30 and at 6 months postpartum. We used data on 48 631 children whose mothers returned the 3-year follow-up questionnaire by May 2011. Within this sample were 2919 same-sex sibling pairs who were used to adjust for familial and genetic factors. We modelled psychomotor development (communication, fine and gross motor development), externalizing and internalizing behaviour problems, and temperament (emotionality, activity, sociability and shyness) based on prenatal paracetamol exposure using generalized linear regression, adjusting for a number of factors, including febrile illness, infections and co-medication use during pregnancy. RESULTS The sibling-control analysis revealed that children exposed to prenatal paracetamol for more than 28 days had poorer gross motor development [β 0.24, 95\% confidence interval (CI) 0.12-0.51], communication (β 0.20, 95\% CI 0.01-0.39), externalizing behaviour (β 0.28, 95\% CI 0.15-0.42), internalizing behaviour (β 0.14, 95\% CI 0.01-0.28), and higher activity levels (β 0.24, 95\% CI 0.11-0.38). Children exposed prenatally to short-term use of paracetamol (1-27 days) also had poorer gross motor outcomes (β 0.10, 95\% CI 0.02-0.19), but the effects were smaller than with long-term use. Ibuprofen exposure was not associated with neurodevelopmental outcomes. CONCLUSION Children exposed to long-term use of paracetamol during pregnancy had substantially adverse developmental outcomes at 3 years of age.},
	number = {6},
	urldate = {2019-07-24},
	journal = {International Journal of Epidemiology},
	author = {Brandlistuen, Ragnhild Eek and Ystrom, Eivind and Nulman, Irena and Koren, Gideon and Nordeng, Hedvig},
	month = dec,
	year = {2013},
	pmid = {24163279},
	note = {Publisher: Narnia},
	keywords = {MoBa, Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study, Paracetamol, acetaminophen, child, ibuprofen, mothers, neurodevelopment, pregnancy, prenatal care, relationship - sibling, sibling design},
	pages = {1702--1713},
}

@article{tan_identification_2013,
	title = {Identification of a new cyclovirus in cerebrospinal fluid of patients with acute  central nervous system infections.},
	volume = {4},
	issn = {2150-7511},
	doi = {10.1128/mBio.00231-13},
	abstract = {Acute central nervous system (CNS) infections cause substantial morbidity and mortality, but the etiology remains unknown in a large proportion of cases. We identified and characterized the full genome of a novel cyclovirus (tentatively named cyclovirus-Vietnam [CyCV-VN]) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) specimens of two Vietnamese patients with CNS infections of unknown etiology. CyCV-VN was subsequently detected in 4\% of 642 CSF specimens from Vietnamese patients with suspected CNS infections and none of 122 CSFs from patients with noninfectious neurological disorders. Detection rates were similar in patients with CNS infections of unknown etiology and those in whom other pathogens were detected. A similar detection rate in feces from healthy children suggested food-borne or orofecal transmission routes, while high detection rates in feces from pigs and poultry (average, 58\%) suggested the existence of animal reservoirs for such transmission. Further research is needed to address the epidemiology and pathogenicity of this novel, potentially zoonotic virus.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {3},
	journal = {mBio},
	author = {Tan, Le Van and van Doorn, H. Rogier and Nghia, Ho Dang Trung and Chau, Tran Thi Hong and Tu, Le Thi Phuong and de Vries, Michel and Canuti, Marta and Deijs, Martin and Jebbink, Maarten F. and Baker, Stephen and Bryant, Juliet E. and Tham, Nguyen Thi and BKrong, Nguyen Thi Thuy Chinh and Boni, Maciej F. and Loi, Tran Quoc and Phuong, Le Thi and Verhoeven, Joost T. P. and Crusat, Martin and Jeeninga, Rienk E. and Schultsz, Constance and Chau, Nguyen Van Vinh and Hien, Tran Tinh and van der Hoek, Lia and Farrar, Jeremy and de Jong, Menno D.},
	month = jun,
	year = {2013},
	pmid = {23781068},
	pmcid = {PMC3684831},
	keywords = {Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Animals, Central Nervous System Infections/epidemiology/*virology, Child, Child, Preschool, Circoviridae Infections/epidemiology/*virology, Circoviridae/*classification/genetics/*isolation \& purification, Cluster Analysis, DNA, Viral/chemistry/genetics, Female, Genome, Viral, Humans, Infant, Male, Middle Aged, Molecular Sequence Data, Phylogeny, Prevalence, Prospective Studies, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Vietnam, Young Adult},
	pages = {e00231--00213},
}

@article{theophile_comparison_2013,
	title = {Comparison of three methods (an updated logistic probabilistic method, the {Naranjo} and {Liverpool} algorithms) for the evaluation of routine pharmacovigilance case reports using consensual expert judgement as reference},
	volume = {36},
	issn = {1179-1942},
	doi = {10.1007/s40264-013-0083-1},
	abstract = {BACKGROUND: An updated probabilistic causality assessment method and the Liverpool algorithm presented as an improved version of the Naranjo algorithm, one of the most used and accepted causality assessment methods, have recently been proposed.
OBJECTIVE: In order to test the validity of the probabilistic method in routine pharmacovigilance, results provided by the Naranjo and Liverpool algorithms, as well as the updated probabilistic method, were each compared with a consensual expert judgement taken as reference.
METHODS: A sample of 59 drug-event pairs randomly sampled from spontaneous reports to the French pharmacovigilance system was assessed by expert judgement until reaching consensus and by members of a pharmacovigilance unit using the updated probabilistic method, the Naranjo and Liverpool algorithms. Probabilities given by the probabilistic method, and categories obtained by both the Naranjo and the Liverpool algorithms were compared as well as their sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values.
RESULTS: The median probability for drug causation given by the consensual expert judgement was 0.70 (inter-quartile range, IQR 0.54-0.84) versus 0.77 (IQR 0.54-0.91) for the probabilistic method. For the Naranjo algorithm, the 'possible' causality category was predominant (61 \%), followed by 'probable' (35 \%), 'doubtful', and 'almost certain' categories (2 \% each). Category distribution obtained with the Liverpool algorithm was similar to that obtained by the Naranjo algorithm with a majority of 'possible' (61 \%) and 'probable' (30 \%) followed by 'definite' (7 \%) and 'unlikely' (2 \%). For the probabilistic method, sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values were 0.96, 0.56, 0.92 and 0.71, respectively. For the Naranjo algorithm, depending on whether the 'possible' category was considered in favour or in disfavour of drug causation, sensitivity was, respectively, 1 or 0.42, specificity 0.11 or 0.89, negative predictive value 1 or 0.22 and positive predictive value 0.86 or 0.95; results were identical for the Liverpool algorithm.
CONCLUSION: The logistic probabilistic method gave results closer to the consensual expert judgment than either the Naranjo or Liverpool algorithms whose performance were strongly dependent on the meaning given to the 'possible' category. Owing to its good sensitivity and positive predictive value and by providing results as continuous probabilities, the probabilistic method seems worthy to use for a trustable assessment of adverse drug reactions in routine practice.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {10},
	journal = {Drug Safety},
	author = {Théophile, Hélène and André, Manon and Miremont-Salamé, Ghada and Arimone, Yannick and Bégaud, Bernard},
	month = oct,
	year = {2013},
	pmid = {23828659},
	keywords = {Adolescent, Adult, Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting Systems, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Algorithms, Child, Preschool, Consensus, Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions, Expert Testimony, Female, France, Humans, Infant, Judgment, Logistic Models, Male, Middle Aged, Pharmaceutical Preparations, Pharmacovigilance, Sensitivity and Specificity},
	pages = {1033--1044}
}

Website  abstract   bibtex   

@article{
 title = {Blood/air distribution of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in a nationally representative sample.},
 type = {article},
 year = {2012},
 identifiers = {[object Object]},
 keywords = {Adult,Air Pollutants,Air Pollutants: analysis,Air Pollutants: blood,Child,Chlorobenzenes,Chlorobenzenes: analysis,Chlorobenzenes: blood,Drinking Water,Environmental Monitoring,Female,Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry,Humans,Linear Models,Male,Middle Aged,Multivariate Analysis,Nutrition Surveys,Questionnaires,Smoking,Smoking: blood,Solid Phase Microextraction,United States,Volatile Organic Compounds,Volatile Organic Compounds: analysis,Volatile Organic Compounds: blood,Young Adult},
 pages = {225-32},
 volume = {419},
 websites = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22285084},
 publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},
 id = {33341907-add2-3a89-9999-74cba0377b37},
 created = {2015-03-09T20:40:30.000Z},
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 folder_uuids = {94112c8a-2c34-4696-add4-3937d89cec61},
 private_publication = {false},
 abstract = {Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in human blood are an effective biomarker of environmental exposure and are closely linked to health outcomes. Unlike VOC concentrations in air, which are routinely collected, blood VOC data are not as readily available. This study aims to develop the quantitative relationship between air and blood VOCs by deriving population-based blood/air distribution coefficients (popKs) of ten common VOCs in the general U.S. population. Air and human blood samples were collected from 364 adults aged 20-59 years in 1999-2000 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Determinants of popKs were identified using weighted multivariate regression models. In the non-smoking population, median popKs ranged from 3.1 to 77.3, comparable to values obtained in the laboratory. PopKs decreased with increasing airborne VOC concentrations. Smoking elevated popKs by 1.5-3.5 times for aromatic compounds, but did not affect the popKs for methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) or chlorinated compounds. Drinking water concentration was a modifier of MTBE's popK. Age, gender, body composition, nor ethnicity affected popKs. PopKs were predictable using linear models with air concentration as the independent variable for both adults and children. This is the first study to estimate blood/air distribution coefficients using simultaneous environmental and biological monitoring on a national population sample. This study was also the first to determine the blood/air distribution coefficient of p-dichlorobenzene, a compound frequently found in indoor environments. These results have applications in exposure assessment, pharmacokinetic analysis, physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling, and uncertainty analysis.},
 bibtype = {article},
 author = {Jia, Chunrong and Yu, Xinhua and Masiak, Wasim},
 journal = {The Science of the total environment}
}

@article{looker_lumbar_2012-1,
	title = {Lumbar spine and proximal femur bone mineral density, bone mineral content, and bone area: {United} {States}, 2005-2008},
	issn = {0083-1980},
	shorttitle = {Lumbar spine and proximal femur bone mineral density, bone mineral content, and bone area},
	abstract = {OBJECTIVE: This report presents bone measurement data from dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scans of the lumbar spine and proximal femur for persons aged 8 years and over from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2005-2008.
METHODS: Means, standard deviations, and selected percentiles were calculated for the proximal femur and lumbar spine (total and subregions) by sex, race and ethnicity, and age. Smoothed mean total lumbar spine and femur neck bone mineral density (BMD) were plotted by age, sex, and race and ethnicity. Multiple regression was used to test for significant interactions and to calculate mean total lumbar spine and femur neck BMD after adjusting for age, sex, and race and ethnicity. Differences by sex, race and ethnicity, and age were summarized by calculating the percent difference in adjusted means.
RESULTS: Among scanned individuals, 11\% lacked total lumbar spine data due to invalid data for one or more lumbar vertebrae, and 4\% had invalid data for the proximal femur. Non-Hispanic black persons had 6\% higher total lumbar spine BMD and 9\%-10\% higher femur neck BMD than non-Hispanic white persons. Mean total lumbar spine BMD and femur neck BMD did not differ between Mexican-American and non-Hispanic white persons in those under age 20. For those aged 20 and over, Mexican-American persons had 4\% lower total lumbar spine BMD but 1\% higher femur neck BMD than non-Hispanic white persons. Mean total lumbar spine BMD was 8\%-17\% higher in females aged 8-15 compared with males of the same age. In the age group 16-49, mean total lumbar spine BMD was similar or slightly higher for females compared with males, but after age 50 it was 60\%-15\% lower for females compared with males. Mean femur neck BMD was 5\%-13\% lower for females than males in all age groups except 12-15.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {251},
	journal = {Vital and Health Statistics. Series 11, Data from the National Health Survey},
	author = {Looker, Anne C. and Borrud, Lori G. and Hughes, Jeffery P. and Fan, Bo and Shepherd, John A. and Melton, L. Joseph},
	month = mar,
	year = {2012},
	pmid = {24261130},
	keywords = {Absorptiometry, Photon, Adolescent, Adult, Age Factors, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Bone Density, Child, Ethnic Groups, Female, Femur, Humans, Lumbar Vertebrae, Male, Middle Aged, Nutrition Surveys, Regression Analysis, Sex Factors, United States, Young Adult},
	pages = {1--132}
}

@article{spoendlin_study_2012,
	title = {A study on the epidemiology of rosacea in the {U}.{K}},
	volume = {167},
	issn = {1365-2133},
	doi = {10.1111/j.1365-2133.2012.11037.x},
	abstract = {BACKGROUND: Rosacea is a chronic facial skin disease of unclear origin. Epidemiological data are scarce and controversial, with reported prevalences ranging from 0·09\% to 22\%. To our knowledge, incidence rates have not been quantified before.
OBJECTIVES: In this observational study we quantified incidence rates of diagnosed rosacea in the U.K. and described demographic characteristics and the prevalence of ocular symptoms in patients with rosacea. We compared lifestyle factors such as smoking and alcohol consumption between patients with rosacea and controls.
METHODS: Using the U.K.-based General Practice Research Database, we identified patients with an incident diagnosis of rosacea between 1995 and 2009 and matched them (1:1) to rosacea-free control patients. We assessed person-time of all patients at risk and assessed incidence rates of rosacea, stratified by age, sex, year of diagnosis and region.
RESULTS: We identified 60,042 rosacea cases and 60,042 controls (61·5\% women). The overall incidence rate for diagnosed rosacea in the U.K. was 1·65 per 1000 person-years. Rosacea was diagnosed in some 80\% of cases after the age of 30 years. Ocular symptoms were recorded in 20·8\% of cases at the index date. We observed a significantly reduced relative risk of developing rosacea among current smokers (odds ratio 0·64, 95\% confidence interval 0·62-0·67). Alcohol consumption was associated with a marginal risk increase.
CONCLUSIONS: We quantified incidence rates and characteristics of patients with rosacea diagnosed in clinical practice in a large epidemiological study using primary care data from the U.K. Smoking was associated with a substantially reduced risk of developing rosacea.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {3},
	journal = {The British Journal of Dermatology},
	author = {Spoendlin, J. and Voegel, J. J. and Jick, S. S. and Meier, C. R.},
	month = sep,
	year = {2012},
	pmid = {22564022},
	keywords = {Adolescent, Adult, Age Distribution, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Alcohol Drinking, Child, Child, Preschool, Diagnosis, Differential, Epidemiologic Methods, Female, Great Britain, Humans, Infant, Life Style, Male, Middle Aged, Rosacea, Smoking, Young Adult, incidence},
	pages = {598--605}
}

@article{bhargav_evidence_2012,
	title = {Evidence for extended age dependent maternal immunity in infected children: mother to child transmission of {HIV} infection and potential interventions including  sulfatides of the human fetal adnexa and complementary or alternative medicines.},
	volume = {7},
	issn = {1556-8539},
	abstract = {The two neighboring southwestern states of India, Karnataka and Maharashtra, have high incidence of HIV/AIDS and are among the six most high prevalence HIV infected  states. In Karnataka state, the northern districts of Bagalkot, Belgaum and Bijapur  (the three Bs) and in Maharashtra state, the southern districts of Sangli, Satara,  and Solapur (the three Ss) are the areas with the highest incidence of HIV/AIDS. We  have evaluated the incidence of maternal to child transmission (MTCT) of HIV-1  infection in Belgaum District which is more than 500 kilometers distance by road  from the campus in greater Bangalore (Karnataka State). We have obtained the  prenatal CD4 counts of HIV infected pregnant mothers. We have also screened the HIV  infected children in two orphanages (rehabilitation centres for HIV infected  children) in Belgaum District. The clinical conditions of these infected children  were assessed for their CD4 counts, anti-retroviral therapy (ART) intake status,  outpatient illnesses and body composition. We have observed that there is an  influence of the age factor on the CD4 counts of the HIV infected children. Further,  in view of the role of our recently found involvement of sulfatide, 3-O-  galactosylceramide, in inhibition of HIV-1 replication and enhancement of  hematopoiesis which is otherwise inhibited due to such infection, we have discussed  the possible role of sulfatides that biologically occur in the fetal adnexa  (placentatrophoblasts /amnion/chorion-umbilical cord), in containing HIV infection  as a potential safer alternative to the ART regimens currently approved to be  clinically practiced. Lastly, we have discussed the complementary and alternative  medicine (CAM) therapies such as evidence based yoga and ayurveda as add-on to ART  in potential elimination of MTCT of HIV infection. Out of a total of 150 children  delivered by HIV infected mothers, 13 children were found to be positive as  determined by the dried blood smear (DBS) for virological testing, giving an  incidence of about 8.66\% in the Belgaum district during the last two years, in spite  of the prescription of currently available ART regimens. All the 13 HIV-transmitting  mothers had normal vaginal deliveries. Though 12\% of the total 150 deliveries  required lower segment caesarean section (LSCS), none among them resulted in MTCT of  HIV. Comparison of the prenatal CD4 counts between transmitting and non-transmitting  mothers did not show significant differences (p=0.25) thus suggesting indirectly  that HIV-1 proviral loads (undetermined / unavailable) need not necessarily  determine the fate of incidence of vertical transmission. The mean age of 44 HIV  infected children (14 females, 30 males) that were screened in two orphanages was  10.8±3.1 years. Out of these 44 children, 27 were taking ART (61.36\%) with mean  duration of consumption being 2.8±2.28 years. Fifty percent (n=22) of the children  were suffering from at least one outpatient illness, out of which 13 were taking  ART. Their mean basal metabolic rate (BMR), body mass index (BMI), muscle mass, fat  mass and fat \% were 795.45±106.9, 14.55±1.9 kg/m(2), 9.54±3.4 kg, 3.69±2.24 kg and  15.04±7.8\% respectively. Comparison between the children taking ART (on-ART, n=27)  and those not taking ART (non-ART, n= 17) showed that though there was no  significant difference in the average age of the two groups, on-ART children had  significantly higher BMR (p=0.05), and muscle mass (p=0.004), than non-ART. The CD4  counts, BMI, fat mass and fat percentage did not show significant statistical  differences between the two groups. The CD4 counts of the children (both on-ART and  non-ART) of age 8 years and below (n=12) were found to be significantly higher  (p=0.04) than those of age 14 and above (n=10). All the children in age group of 14  years and above (n=10) except one child were on ART, whereas 7 out of 12 children in  age group of 8 years and below were on-ART. In one of the rehabilitation centers  called Aadhar, among non-ART children, a significant correlation was observed  between the age of the child and CD4 counts (measured separately in the months of  June 2011 and December 2011). Both the CD4 counts measured in June 2011 (n=6;  r=-0.82, p= 0.04) as well as in December 2011 (n=6; r=-0.97, p=0.001) showed a  significant decline as the age progressed. Also, at the same center, among on-ART  children, the CD4 counts in June 2011 (n=7) and December 2011 (n=8) were  significantly different between the children in the age group of 8 below years, and  those in the age group of 14 years and above (p= 0.005). As HIV infected children  grow in age, they may lose maternal derived immunity as shown by the decrease in CD4  counts, irrespective of their ART status. It is to be expected from these results  that the conferred maternal immunity (possibly primarily humoral and secondarily  cytotoxic immune responses) to the virus acquired at child birth taper off and  eventually overcome by the generation of mutant HIV strains in the children, as the  life spans of the infected children progress. We have discussed safer therapeutic  interventions whose efficacy on HIV/AIDS may be synergistic to or even substitute  the existing treatment strategies. Some of such interventions may even be customized  to help eliminate MTCT. Further, these virus infected pregnant mother patient blood  / serum samples could prove useful in the vaccine development against HIV infection.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {3},
	journal = {Journal of stem cells},
	author = {Bhargav, Hemant and Huilgol, Vidya and Metri, Kashinath and Sundell, I. Birgitta and Tripathi, Satyam and Ramagouda, Nagaratna and Jadhav, Mahesh and Raghuram, Nagarathna and Ramarao, Nagendra Hongasandra and Koka, Prasad S.},
	year = {2012},
	pmid = {23619381},
	note = {Place: United States},
	keywords = {Humans, Adolescent, Adult, Female, Male, India, Age Factors, Pregnancy, Child, Child, Preschool, *Complementary Therapies, Amnion/immunology/metabolism/virology, Anti-Retroviral Agents/*therapeutic use, CD4 Lymphocyte Count, Chorion/immunology/metabolism/virology, HIV Infections/drug therapy/immunology/*transmission, HIV-1/drug effects/isolation \& purification, Infant, Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical/*prevention \& control, Mothers, Placenta/immunology/metabolism/virology, Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/immunology/*virology, Sulfoglycosphingolipids/*therapeutic use, Umbilical Cord/immunology/metabolism/virology, Viral Load},
	pages = {127--153}
}

@book{hermary_enfant_2012,
	address = {Arles, France},
	title = {L'enfant et la mort dans l'{Antiquité}. {III}, {Le} matériel associé aux tombes d'enfants. {Actes} de la table ronde internationale organisée à la {Maison} méditerranéenne des sciences de l'homme, {MMSH} d'{Aix}-en-{Provence}, 20-22 janvier 2011},
	isbn = {978-2-87772-522-4},
	shorttitle = {L'enfant et la mort dans l'{Antiquité}. {III}, {Le} matériel associé aux tombes d'enfants},
	language = {French, English, Italian},
	publisher = {Editions Errance},
	editor = {Hermary, Antoine and Dubois, Céline},
	year = {2012},
	keywords = {antiquity, child, childhood, funerary custom, funerary material, necropolis, toy}
}

Paper  doi  abstract   bibtex   

@article{cicchetti_gene_2012,
	title = {Gene × {Environment} interaction and resilience: effects of child maltreatment and serotonin, corticotropin releasing hormone, dopamine, and oxytocin genes.},
	volume = {24},
	issn = {1469-2198},
	url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22559122},
	doi = {10.1017/S0954579412000077},
	abstract = {In this investigation, gene-environment interaction effects in predicting resilience in adaptive functioning among maltreated and nonmaltreated low-income children (N = 595) were examined. A multicomponent index of resilient functioning was derived and levels of resilient functioning were identified. Variants in four genes (serotonin transporter linked polymorphic region, corticotropin releasing hormone receptor 1, dopamine receptor D4-521C/T, and oxytocin receptor) were investigated. In a series of analyses of covariance, child maltreatment demonstrated a strong negative main effect on children's resilient functioning, whereas no main effects for any of the genotypes of the respective genes were found. However, gene-environment interactions involving genotypes of each of the respective genes and maltreatment status were obtained. For each respective gene, among children with a specific genotype, the relative advantage in resilient functioning of nonmaltreated compared to maltreated children was stronger than was the case for nonmaltreated and maltreated children with other genotypes of the respective gene. Across the four genes, a composite of the genotypes that more strongly differentiated resilient functioning between nonmaltreated and maltreated children provided further evidence of genetic variations influencing resilient functioning in nonmaltreated children, whereas genetic variation had a negligible effect on promoting resilience among maltreated children. Additional effects were observed for children based on the number of subtypes of maltreatment children experienced, as well as for abuse and neglect subgroups. Finally, maltreated and nonmaltreated children with high levels of resilience differed in their average number of differentiating genotypes. These results suggest that differential resilient outcomes are based on the interaction between genes and developmental experiences.},
	number = {2},
	urldate = {2012-10-04},
	journal = {Development and psychopathology},
	author = {Cicchetti, Dante and Rogosch, Fred a},
	month = may,
	year = {2012},
	pmid = {22559122},
	keywords = {Child, Child Abuse, Female, Gene-Environment Interaction, Genotype, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Receptors, Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone, Receptors, Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone: geneti, Receptors, Dopamine D4, Receptors, Dopamine D4: genetics, Receptors, Oxytocin, Receptors, Oxytocin: genetics, Resilience, Psychological, Serotonin Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins, Serotonin Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins: gene},
	pages = {411--27},
}

@article{127,
  abstract = {BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often use complementary and alternative medicine (CAM), usually along with other medical care. This study aimed to determine associations of ASD diagnostic category, co-existing conditions, and use of medications with use of CAM. METHODS: We used the Autism Speaks Autism Treatment Network patient registry, which collects information on CAM use, medical conditions, and psychotropic medication at enrollment. CAM was categorized as special diets versus "other" CAM; ASD was defined as autism, pervasive developmental disorder (PDD), or Asperger{\textquoteright}s. Gastrointestinal symptoms, seizure disorders, sleep problems, and medication use were determined from parent report. Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) scores were used to measure behavioral symptoms. Logistic regression was used to determine associations of diagnostic category, other medical conditions, and medication use with CAM treatments, controlling for demographic characteristics. RESULTS: Of 3413 subjects in the registry as of April 2011, 3173 had complete data on CAM use: 896 (28\%) reported any use; 548 (17\%), special diets; and 643 (20\%), other CAM. Higher rates of CAM use were associated with gastrointestinal symptoms (odds ratio [OR] = 1.88), seizures (OR = 1.58), and CBCL total score >70 (OR = 1.29). Children with PDD (OR = 0.62), Asperger{\textquoteright}s (OR = 0.66), or using medications (0.69) had lower rates. CONCLUSIONS: Children with ASD use more CAM when they have co-existing gastrointestinal symptoms, seizure disorders, and behavior problems. This study suggests the importance of asking about CAM use in children with ASD, especially those with complex symptoms.},
  added-at = {2021-02-17T03:07:48.000+0100},
  author = {Perrin, James M and Coury, Daniel L and Hyman, Susan L and Cole, Lynn and Reynolds, Ann M and Clemons, Traci E},
  biburl = {https://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/2c1fa498c5747e4372b8a4b7fce6ced79/acn},
  interhash = {b3519df22f582dc3acd14e93698fe987},
  intrahash = {c1fa498c5747e4372b8a4b7fce6ced79},
  journal = {Pediatrics},
  keywords = {Therapies, Female, IM, Preschool Studies, Disorder/th Complementary [Therapy], Child, Humans, Cross-Sectional Male, Adolescent, Autistic AIM,},
  month = Nov,
  note = {NLM Journal Code: oxv, 0376422},
  number = {Suppl 2},
  pages = {S77-82},
  timestamp = {2021-02-17T03:08:36.000+0100},
  title = {Complementary and alternative medicine use in a large pediatric autism sample.},
  volume = 130,
  year = 2012
}

Paper  abstract   bibtex   

@misc{domingo_j.d._impact_2012,
	title = {The impact of childhood acute rotavirus gastroenteritis on the parents' quality of life: prospective observational study in {European} primary care medical practices},
	url = {http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2431/12/58},
	abstract = {Background: Rotavirus (RV) is the commonest cause of acute gastroenteritis in infants and young children worldwide. A Quality of Life study was conducted in primary care in three European countries as part of a larger epidemiological study (SPRIK) to investigate the impact of paediatric rotavirus gastroenteritis (RVGE) on affected children and their parents.Methods: A self-administered questionnaire was linguistically validated in Spanish, Italian and Polish. The questionnaire was included in an observational multicentre prospective study of 302 children aged {\textless}5 years presenting to a general practitioner or paediatrician for RVGE at centres in Spain, Italy or Poland. RV infection was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing (n = 264). The questionnaire was validated and used to assess the emotional impact of paediatric RVGE on the parents.Results: Questionnaire responses showed that acute RVGE in a child adversely affects the parents' daily life as well as the child. Parents of children with RVGE experience worry, distress and impact on their daily activities. RVGE of greater clinical severity (assessed by the Vesikari scale) was associated with higher parental worries due to symptoms and greater changes in the child's behaviour, and a trend to higher impact on parents' daily activities and higher parental distress, together with a higher score on the symptom severity scale of the questionnaire.Conclusions: Parents of a child with acute RVGE presenting to primary care experience worry, distress and disruptions to daily life as a result of the child's illness. Prevention of this disease through prophylactic vaccination will improve the daily lives of parents and children. 2012 Diez-Domingo et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.},
	journal = {BMC Pediatrics},
	author = {{Domingo J.D.} and {Patrzalek M.} and {Cantarutti L.} and {Arnould B.} and {Meunier J.} and {Soriano-Gabarro M.} and {Meyer N.} and {Pircon J.-Y.} and {Holl K.}},
	year = {2012},
	keywords = {*Rotavirus infection/dm [Disease Management], *acute gastroenteritis/dm [Disease Management], *childhood disease/dm [Disease Management], *viral gastroenteritis/dm [Disease Management], Child, Female, Infant, Male, article, daily life activity, disease severity, human, major clinical study, medical practice, parent, parental stress, polymerase chain reaction, preschool child, primary medical care, quality of life, questionnaire, scoring system},
}

Paper  abstract   bibtex   

@article{
 title = {Proton therapy for spinal ependymomas: planning, acute toxicities, and preliminary outcomes.},
 type = {article},
 year = {2012},
 identifiers = {[object Object]},
 keywords = {Adolescent,Child,Child, Preschool,Disease-Free Survival,Ependymoma,Ependymoma: pathology,Ependymoma: radiotherapy,Ependymoma: surgery,Erythema,Erythema: etiology,Erythema: pathology,Fatigue,Fatigue: etiology,Female,Follow-Up Studies,Humans,Infant,Male,Neoplasm Recurrence, Local,Neoplasm Recurrence, Local: radiotherapy,Protons,Protons: adverse effects,Protons: therapeutic use,Radiation Injuries,Radiotherapy Dosage,Spinal Neoplasms,Spinal Neoplasms: pathology,Spinal Neoplasms: radiotherapy,Spinal Neoplasms: surgery,Survival Rate,Treatment Outcome,Tumor Burden},
 pages = {1419-24},
 volume = {83},
 websites = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22245209},
 month = {8},
 publisher = {Elsevier Inc},
 day = {1},
 id = {ba888ca5-70c7-39d5-946d-244183b6d8d3},
 created = {2014-03-15T18:24:10.000Z},
 accessed = {2014-03-04},
 file_attached = {true},
 profile_id = {8c4ca2d5-86de-3b5d-86be-8408415f34e0},
 group_id = {a484ae4c-fcac-3c7e-9ac3-3fad0df719a2},
 last_modified = {2014-12-29T19:36:51.000Z},
 read = {false},
 starred = {false},
 authored = {false},
 confirmed = {true},
 hidden = {false},
 abstract = {PURPOSE: To report acute toxicities and preliminary outcomes for pediatric patients with ependymomas of the spine treated with proton beam therapy at the MD Anderson Cancer Center.

METHODS AND MATERIALS: Eight pediatric patients received proton beam irradiation between October 2006 and September 2010 for spinal ependymomas. Toxicity data were collected weekly during radiation therapy and all follow-up visits. Toxicities were graded according to the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events version 3.0.

RESULTS: All patients had surgical resection of the tumor before irradiation (7 subtotal resection and 1 gross total resection). Six patients had World Health Organization Grade I ependymomas, and two had World Health Organization Grade II ependymomas. Patients had up to 3 surgical interventions before radiation therapy (range, 1-3; median, 1). Three patients received proton therapy after recurrence and five as part of their primary management. The entire vertebral body was treated in all but 2 patients. The mean radiation dose was 51.1 cobalt gray equivalents (range, 45 to 54 cobalt gray equivalents). With a mean follow-up of 26 months from the radiation therapy start date (range, 7-51 months), local control, event-free survival, and overall survival rates were all 100%. The most common toxicities during treatment were Grade 1 or 2 erythema (75%) and Grade 1 fatigue (38%). No patients had a Grade 3 or higher adverse event. Proton therapy dramatically reduced dose to all normal tissues anterior to the vertebral bodies in comparison to photon therapy.

CONCLUSION: Preliminary outcomes show the expected control rates with favorable acute toxicity profiles. Proton beam therapy offers a powerful treatment option in the pediatric population, where adverse events related to radiation exposure are of concern. Extended follow-up will be required to assess for late recurrences and long-term adverse effects.},
 bibtype = {article},
 author = {Amsbaugh, Mark J and Grosshans, David R and McAleer, Mary Frances and Zhu, Ron and Wages, Cody and Crawford, Cody N and Palmer, Matthew and De Gracia, Beth and Woo, Shiao and Mahajan, Anita},
 journal = {International Journal of Radiation Oncology Biology Physics},
 number = {5}
}

Paper  doi  abstract   bibtex   

@article{rommelse_review_2011,
	title = {A review on cognitive and brain endophenotypes that may be common in autism spectrum disorder and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and facilitate the search for pleiotropic genes.},
	volume = {35},
	issn = {1873-7528},
	url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21382410},
	doi = {10.1016/j.neubiorev.2011.02.015},
	abstract = {We propose to bring together the hitherto rather separate research fields of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and argue that by contrasting and combining findings of the endophenotypes of ASD and ADHD new insights can be gained into the etiology and pathophysiology of these two disorders. Given the highly heritable nature of both disorders, studies of the genes explaining the shared origins of the two neurodevelopmental disorders seem particularly called for. Instead of the clinical diagnosis, using neurocognitive measures as (endo)phenotypes that index genetic liability appears a powerful tool in gene finding. We, therefore, extensively reviewed the literature and not only included research wherein ASD and ADHD were compared within a single study, but extended our search also to the separate lines of cognitive neuroscience research. We discuss which cognitive and brain measures will be useful in future genetic studies targeting pleiotropic genes for ASD and ADHD. By specifying the most promising endophenotypic measures we chart the future course for endophenotypic research in ASD and ADHD. We also discuss the various models that may explain the frequent co-occurrence of ASD and ADHD.},
	number = {6},
	urldate = {2015-01-15},
	journal = {Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews},
	author = {Rommelse, Nanda N J and Geurts, Hilde M and Franke, Barbara and Buitelaar, Jan K and Hartman, Catharina A},
	month = may,
	year = {2011},
	pmid = {21382410},
	keywords = {Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity: gen, Brain, Brain: metabolism, Child, Child Development Disorders, Pervasive, Child Development Disorders, Pervasive: genetics, Cognition, Cognition: physiology, Endophenotypes, Genetic Pleiotropy, Humans},
	pages = {1363--96},
}

@article{kelly_london_2011,
	title = {The {London} low emission zone baseline study},
	issn = {1041-5505},
	abstract = {On February 4, 2008, the world's largest low emission zone (LEZ) was established. At 2644 km2, the zone encompasses most of Greater London. It restricts the entry of the oldest and most polluting diesel vehicles, including heavy-goods vehicles (haulage trucks), buses and coaches, larger vans, and minibuses. It does not apply to cars or motorcycles. The LEZ scheme will introduce increasingly stringent Euro emissions standards over time. The creation of this zone presented a unique opportunity to estimate the effects of a stepwise reduction in vehicle emissions on air quality and health. Before undertaking such an investigation, robust baseline data were gathered on air quality and the oxidative activity and metal content of particulate matter (PM) from air pollution monitors located in Greater London. In addition, methods were developed for using databases of electronic primary-care records in order to evaluate the zone's health effects. Our study began in 2007, using information about the planned restrictions in an agreed-upon LEZ scenario and year-on-year changes in the vehicle fleet in models to predict air pollution concentrations in London for the years 2005, 2008, and 2010. Based on this detailed emissions and air pollution modeling, the areas in London were then identified that were expected to show the greatest changes in air pollution concentrations and population exposures after the implementation of the LEZ. Using these predictions, the best placement of a pollution monitoring network was determined and the feasibility of evaluating the health effects using electronic primary-care records was assessed. To measure baseline pollutant concentrations before the implementation of the LEZ, a comprehensive monitoring network was established close to major roadways and intersections. Output-difference plots from statistical modeling for 2010 indicated seven key areas likely to experience the greatest change in concentrations of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) (at least 3 microg/m3) and of PM with an aerodynamic diameter {\textless} or = 10 microm (PM10) (at least 0.75 microg/m3) as a result of the LEZ; these suggested that the clearest signals of change were most likely to be measured near roadsides. The seven key areas were also likely to be of importance in carrying out a study to assess the health outcomes of an air quality intervention like the LEZ. Of the seven key areas, two already had monitoring sites with a full complement of equipment, four had monitoring sites that required upgrades of existing equipment, and one required a completely new installation. With the upgrades and new installations in place, fully ratified (verified) pollutant data (for PM10, PM with an aerodynamic diameter {\textless} or = 2.5 microm [PM2.5], nitrogen oxides [NOx], and ozone [O3] at all sites as well as for particle number, black smoke [BS], carbon monoxide [CO], and sulfur dioxide [SO2] at selected sites) were then collected for analysis. In addition, the seven key monitoring sites were supported by other sites in the London Air Quality Network (LAQN). From these, a robust set of baseline air quality data was produced. Data from automatic and manual traffic counters as well as automatic license-plate recognition cameras were used to compile detailed vehicle profiles. This enabled us to establish more precise associations between ambient pollutant concentrations and vehicle emissions. An additional goal of the study was to collect baseline PM data in order to test the hypothesis that changes in traffic densities and vehicle mixes caused by the LEZ would affect the oxidative potential and metal content of ambient PM10 and PM2.5. The resulting baseline PM data set was the first to describe, in detail, the oxidative potential and metal content of the PM10 and PM2.5 of a major city's airshed. PM in London has considerable oxidative potential; clear differences in this measure were found from site to site, with evidence that the oxidative potential of both PM10 and PM2.5 at roadside monitoring sites was higher than at urban background locations. In the PM10 samples this increased oxidative activity appeared to be associated with increased concentrations of copper (Cu), barium (Ba), and bathophenanthroline disulfonate-mobilized iron (BPS Fe) in the roadside samples. In the PM2.5 samples, no simple association could be seen, suggesting that other unmeasured components were driving the increased oxidative potential in this fraction of the roadside samples. These data suggest that two components were contributing to the oxidative potential of roadside PM, namely Cu and BPS Fe in the coarse fraction of PM (PM with an aerodynamic diameter of 2.5 microm to 10 microm; PM(2.5-10)) and an unidentified redox catalyst in PM2.5. The data derived for this baseline study confirmed key observations from a more limited spatial mapping exercise published in our earlier HEI report on the introduction of the London's Congestion Charging Scheme (CCS) in 2003 (Kelly et al. 2011a,b). In addition, the data set in the current report provided robust baseline information on the oxidative potential and metal content of PM found in the London airshed in the period before implementation of the LEZ; the finding that a proportion of the oxidative potential appears in the PM coarse mode and is apparently related to brake wear raises important issues regarding the nature of traffic management schemes. The final goal of this baseline study was to establish the feasibility, in ethical and operational terms, of using the U.K.'s electronic primary-care records to evaluate the effects of the LEZ on human health outcomes. Data on consultations and prescriptions were compiled from a pilot group of general practices (13 distributed across London, with 100,000 patients; 29 situated in the inner London Borough of Lambeth, with 200,000 patients). Ethics approvals were obtained to link individual primary-care records to modeled NOx concentrations by means of post-codes. (To preserve anonymity, the postcodes were removed before delivery to the research team.) A wide range of NOx exposures was found across London as well as within and between the practices examined. Although we observed little association between NOx exposure and smoking status, a positive relationship was found between exposure and increased socioeconomic deprivation. The health outcomes we chose to study were asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, wheeze, hay fever, upper and lower respiratory tract infections, ischemic heart disease, heart failure, and atrial fibrillation. These outcomes were measured as prevalence or incidence. Their distributions by age, sex, socioeconomic deprivation, ethnicity, and smoking were found to accord with those reported in the epidemiology literature. No cross-sectional positive associations were found between exposure to NOx and any of the studied health outcomes; some associations were significantly negative. After the pilot study, a suitable primary-care database of London patients was identified, the General Practice Research Database responsible for giving us access to these data agreed to collaborate in the evaluation of the LEZ, and an acceptable method of ensuring privacy of the records was agreed upon. The database included about 350,000 patients who had remained at the same address over the four-year period of the study. Power calculations for a controlled longitudinal analysis were then performed, indicating that for outcomes such as consultations for respiratory illnesses or prescriptions for asthma there was sufficient power to identify a 5\% to 10\% reduction in consultations for patients most exposed to the intervention compared with patients presumed to not be exposed to it. In conclusion, the work undertaken in this study provides a good foundation for future LEZ evaluations. Our extensive monitoring network, measuring a comprehensive set of pollutants (and a range of particle metrics), will continue to provide a valuable tool both for assessing the impact of LEZ regulations on air quality in London and for furthering understanding of the link between PM's composition and toxicity. Finally, we believe that in combination with our modeling of the predicted population-based changes in pollution exposure in London, the use of primary-care databases forms a sound basis and has sufficient statistical power for the evaluation of the potential impact of the LEZ on human health.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {163},
	journal = {Research Report (Health Effects Institute)},
	author = {Kelly, Frank and Armstrong, Ben and Atkinson, Richard and Anderson, H. Ross and Barratt, Ben and Beevers, Sean and Cook, Derek and Green, Dave and Derwent, Dick and Mudway, Ian and Wilkinson, Paul and {HEI Health Review Committee}},
	month = nov,
	year = {2011},
	pmid = {22315924},
	keywords = {Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Air Pollutants, Air Pollution, Child, Child, Preschool, Cross-Sectional Studies, Environmental Exposure, Environmental Monitoring, Female, Health Status, Humans, Infant, London, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Metals, Middle Aged, Nitrogen Oxides, Particulate Matter, Pilot Projects, Primary Health Care, Small-Area Analysis, Smoking, Socioeconomic Factors, Vehicle Emissions, Young Adult},
	pages = {3--79}
}

@article{kotz_incidence_2011,
	title = {Incidence, prevalence, and trends of general practitioner-recorded diagnosis of peanut allergy in {England}, 2001 to 2005},
	volume = {127},
	issn = {1097-6825},
	doi = {10.1016/j.jaci.2010.11.021},
	abstract = {BACKGROUND: Previous descriptions of the epidemiology of peanut allergy have mainly been derived from small cross-sectional studies.
OBJECTIVE: To interrogate a large national research database to provide estimates for the incidence, prevalence, and trends of general practitioner (GP)-recorded diagnosis of peanut allergy in the English population.
METHODS: Version 10 of the QRESEARCH database was used with data from 2,958,366 patients who were registered with 422 United Kingdom general practices in the years 2001 to 2005. The primary outcome was a recording of clinician-diagnosed peanut allergy.
RESULTS: The age-sex standardized incidence rate of peanut allergy in 2005 was 0.08 per 1000 person-years (95\% CI, 0.07-0.08), and the prevalence rate was 0.51 per 1000 patients (95\% CI, 0.49-0.54). This translated into an estimated 4000 incident cases (95\% CI, 3500-4600) and 25,700 prevalent cases (95\% CI, 24,400-27,100) of GP-recorded diagnosis of peanut allergy in England in 2005. During the study period, the incidence rate of peanut allergy remained fairly stable, whereas the prevalence rate doubled. In those under 18 years of age, the crude lifetime prevalence rate was higher in males than females. A significant inverse relationship between prevalence and socioeconomic status was found.
CONCLUSION: These data on GP-recorded diagnosis of peanut allergy from a large general practice database suggest a much lower prevalence in peanut allergy than has hitherto been found. This difference may in part be explained by underrecording of peanut allergy in general practice. Further research is needed to assess the true frequency of peanut allergy in the population and whether there has been a true increase in recent years.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {3},
	journal = {The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology},
	author = {Kotz, Daniel and Simpson, Colin R. and Sheikh, Aziz},
	month = mar,
	year = {2011},
	pmid = {21236479},
	keywords = {Adolescent, Adult, Child, Child, Preschool, England, Female, General Practitioners, Great Britain, Humans, Infant, Male, Medical Records, Peanut Hypersensitivity, Prevalence, incidence},
	pages = {623--630.e1}
}

@article{
 title = {Helping children correctly say “I don't know” to unanswerable questions.},
 type = {article},
 year = {2011},
 identifiers = {[object Object]},
 keywords = {an integral part of,communication,everyday,how well children can,in,in many different settings,instructions,interview,memory narrative,questions has important implications,the question-answer exchange is,understand and respond to},
 pages = {396-405},
 volume = {17},
 id = {d39d8ec6-2d22-372e-9172-01a2516250b3},
 created = {2016-01-12T14:30:17.000Z},
 file_attached = {false},
 profile_id = {d5b53108-91c5-30b8-8e6c-dd027f636bcd},
 last_modified = {2017-03-16T06:19:45.131Z},
 read = {false},
 starred = {false},
 authored = {true},
 confirmed = {true},
 hidden = {false},
 abstract = {Adults ask children questions in a variety of contexts, for example, in the classroom, in the forensic context, or in experimental research. In such situations children will inevitably be asked some questions to which they do not know the answer, because they do not have the required information ("unanswerable" questions). When asked unanswerable questions, it is important that children indicate that they do not have the required information to provide an answer. These 2 studies investigated whether preinterview instructions (Experiment 1) or establishing a memory narrative (Experiment 2) helped children correctly indicate a lack of knowledge to unanswerable questions. In both studies, 6- and 8-year-olds participated in a classroom-based event about which they were subsequently interviewed. Some of the questions were answerable, and some were unanswerable. Results showed that preinterview instructions increased the number of younger children's appropriate "don't know" responses to unanswerable questions, without decreasing correct responses to answerable questions. This suggests that demand characteristics affect children's tendency correctly to say "I don't know." The opportunity to provide a narrative account increased children's appropriate "don't know" responses to unanswerable yes/no questions, and increased the number of younger children's correct responses to answerable questions. This suggests that cognitive factors also contribute to children's tendency correctly to say "I don't know." These results have implications for any context where adults need to obtain information from children through questioning, for example, a health practitioner asking about a medical condition, in classroom discourse, in the investigative interview, and in developmental psychology research.},
 bibtype = {article},
 author = {Waterman, A. H. and Blades, M},
 journal = {Journal of Experimental Psychology: Applied},
 number = {4}
}

Website  abstract   bibtex   

@article{
 title = {Antihistamines and/or decongestants for otitis media with effusion (OME) in children.},
 type = {article},
 year = {2011},
 identifiers = {[object Object]},
 keywords = {Child,Drug Therapy, Combination,Drug Therapy, Combination: methods,Histamine H1 Antagonists,Histamine H1 Antagonists: adverse effects,Histamine H1 Antagonists: therapeutic use,Humans,Nasal Decongestants,Nasal Decongestants: adverse effects,Nasal Decongestants: therapeutic use,Otitis Media with Effusion,Otitis Media with Effusion: drug therapy,Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic},
 pages = {CD003423},
 websites = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21901683},
 month = {1},
 id = {fb261d14-693c-34e8-abe8-2e60793c7372},
 created = {2015-12-02T02:16:28.000Z},
 accessed = {2015-11-10},
 file_attached = {false},
 profile_id = {39c52e3a-ea6a-3a4a-9394-d3b9885e79f1},
 group_id = {44d55093-6ab8-35a4-bbc6-bfecee8cd020},
 last_modified = {2015-12-02T02:16:28.000Z},
 read = {false},
 starred = {false},
 authored = {false},
 confirmed = {true},
 hidden = {false},
 abstract = {BACKGROUND: This is an update of a Cochrane Review first published in The Cochrane Library in Issue 4, 2006.Otitis media with effusion (OME) is common and may cause hearing loss with associated developmental delay. Treatment remains controversial. The effectiveness of antihistamines, decongestants and antihistamine/decongestant combinations in promoting the resolution of effusions has been assessed by randomized controlled trials.

OBJECTIVES: The objective of this review was to determine whether antihistamine, decongestant or combination therapy is effective in treating children who present with OME.

SEARCH STRATEGY: We searched the Cochrane Ear, Nose and Throat Disorders Group Trials Register; the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL); PubMed; EMBASE; CINAHL; Web of Science; BIOSIS Previews; Cambridge Scientific Abstracts; ISRCTN and additional sources for published and unpublished trials. The date of the most recent search was 1 February 2011, following a previous search in 2006.

SELECTION CRITERIA: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) using antihistamines, decongestants or antihistamine/decongestant combinations as treatment for OME in children. We excluded trials that randomized on the basis of acute otitis media (AOM) even though OME was also studied in follow up.

DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Two authors independently extracted data from the published reports using standardized data extraction forms and methods. The two authors assessed the methodological quality of the included studies independently. We expressed dichotomous results as a risk ratio with 95% confidence intervals using a fixed-effect model when homogeneous and a random-effects model when heterogeneous. Nearly all outcomes analyzed were homogeneous. We discussed continuous results qualitatively. We conducted statistical analysis using RevMan 5.1 software.

MAIN RESULTS: Sixteen studies (1880 participants) were included in the review. No statistical or clinical benefit was found for any of the interventions or outcomes studied. However, treated study subjects experienced 11% more side effects than untreated subjects (number needed to treat to harm = 9).

AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: The pooled data demonstrate no benefit and some harm from the use of antihistamines or decongestants alone or in combination in the management of OME, therefore we recommend against their use.},
 bibtype = {article},
 author = {Griffin, Glenn and Flynn, Cheryl A},
 journal = {The Cochrane database of systematic reviews},
 number = {9}
}

Paper  doi  abstract   bibtex   

@article{gow_stability_2011,
	title = {Stability and change in intelligence from age 11 to ages 70, 79, and 87: the {Lothian} {Birth} {Cohorts} of 1921 and 1936.},
	volume = {26},
	issn = {1939-1498},
	url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20973608},
	doi = {10.1037/a0021072},
	abstract = {Investigating the predictors of age-related cognitive change is a research priority. However, it is first necessary to discover the long-term stability of measures of cognitive ability because prior cognitive ability level might contribute to the amount of cognitive change experienced within old age. These two issues were examined in the Lothian Birth Cohorts of 1921 and 1936. Cognitive ability data were available from age 11 years when the participants completed the Moray House Test No. 12 (MHT). The Lothian Birth Cohort 1936 (LBC1936) completed the MHT a second time at age 70. The Lothian Birth Cohort 1921 (LBC1921) completed the MHT at ages 79 and 87. We examined cognitive stability and change from childhood to old age in both cohorts, and within old age in the LBC1921. Raw stability coefficients for the MHT from 11-70, 11-79, and 11-87 years were .67, .66, and .51, respectively; and larger when corrected for range restriction in the samples. Therefore, minimum estimates of the variance in later-life MHT accounted for by childhood performance on the same test ranged from 26-44\%. This study also examined, in the LBC1921, whether MHT score at age 11 influenced the amount of change in MHT between ages 79 and 87. It did not. Higher intelligence from early life was apparently protective of intelligence in old age due to the stability of cognitive function across the lifespan, rather than because it slowed the decline experienced in later life.},
	number = {1},
	urldate = {2012-07-23},
	journal = {Psychology and aging},
	author = {Gow, Alan J and Johnson, Wendy and Pattie, Alison and Brett, Caroline E and Roberts, Beverly and Starr, John M and Deary, Ian J},
	month = mar,
	year = {2011},
	pmid = {20973608},
	keywords = {Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Aging, Aging: physiology, Aging: psychology, Child, Cognition, Cognition: physiology, Female, Humans, Intelligence, Intelligence Tests, Intelligence: physiology, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Middle Aged, Scotland, Young Adult},
	pages = {232--40},
}

@article{deramecourt_88-year_2011,
	title = {An 88-year old woman with long-lasting parkinsonism},
	volume = {21},
	issn = {1750-3639},
	doi = {10.1111/j.1750-3639.2011.00496.x},
	language = {eng},
	number = {4},
	journal = {Brain Pathology (Zurich, Switzerland)},
	author = {Deramecourt, Vincent and Maurage, Claude-Alain and Sergeant, Nicolas and Buée-Scherrer, Valérie and Buée, Luc and Defebvre, Luc},
	month = jul,
	year = {2011},
	pmid = {21668554},
	keywords = {Aged, Humans, Female, Middle Aged, Brain, Adult, Disease Progression, Aged, 80 and over, Adolescent, Child, Child, Preschool, Infant, Parkinson Disease, Postencephalitic},
	pages = {465--468}
}

Paper  doi  abstract   bibtex   

@article{kaiser_child_2011,
	title = {Child {ADHD} severity and positive and negative parenting as predictors of child social functioning: evaluation of three theoretical models.},
	volume = {15},
	issn = {1557-1246},
	url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20424006},
	doi = {10.1177/1087054709356171},
	abstract = {Prior research has established links between child social functioning and both parenting and child ADHD severity; however, research examining the way that these variables work together is lacking. The current article aims to test three possible models (main effects, mediation, and moderation) by which ADHD severity and positive and negative parenting on the part of both mothers and fathers may work together to predict child social functioning.},
	number = {3},
	urldate = {2012-08-13},
	journal = {Journal of Attention Disorders},
	author = {Kaiser, Nina M and McBurnett, Keith and Pfiffner, Linda J},
	month = apr,
	year = {2011},
	pmid = {20424006},
	keywords = {Aggression, Aggression: psychology, Analysis of Variance, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity: psy, Child, Female, Humans, Male, Models, Parent-Child Relations, Parenting, Parenting: psychology, Preschool, Psychological, Psychometrics, Questionnaires, Severity of Illness Index, Social Behavior},
	pages = {193--203},
}

Paper  doi  abstract   bibtex   

@article{gapin_effects_2011,
	title = {The effects of physical activity on attention deficit hyperactivity disorder symptoms: the evidence.},
	volume = {52 Suppl 1},
	issn = {1096-0260},
	url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21281664},
	doi = {10.1016/j.ypmed.2011.01.022},
	abstract = {Evidence supports the beneficial effects of physical activity (PA) on cognitive performance and suggests that effects might be particularly large for children. However, limited research has explored PA as a means of managing behavioral symptoms and improving cognitive performance of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The etiology of ADHD and the putative mechanisms for the effects of PA on cognitive performance suggest that PA might be especially important for this population.},
	urldate = {2012-03-13},
	journal = {Preventive Medicine},
	author = {Gapin, Jennifer I and Labban, Jeffrey D and Etnier, Jennifer L},
	month = jun,
	year = {2011},
	pmid = {21281664},
	note = {Publisher: Elsevier Inc.},
	keywords = {Adolescent, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity: phy, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity: psy, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity: the, Child, Child Behavior, Child Behavior: physiology, Child Behavior: psychology, Cognition, Exercise, Exercise: physiology, Exercise: psychology, Humans, Motor Activity, Motor Activity: physiology, Sports},
	pages = {S70--4},
}

@article{schnabel_efficacy_2011-2,
	title = {Efficacy and safety of clonidine as additive for caudal regional anesthesia: a quantitative systematic review of randomized controlled trials},
	volume = {21},
	issn = {1460-9592},
	shorttitle = {Efficacy and safety of clonidine as additive for caudal regional anesthesia},
	doi = {10.1111/j.1460-9592.2011.03715.x},
	abstract = {BACKGROUND

Clonidine is still the most popular additive for caudal regional anesthesia. Aim of the present quantitative systematic review was to assess the efficacy and safety of the combined use of clonidine and local anesthetics in comparison with caudal local anesthetics alone.


METHODS

The systematic search, data extraction, critical appraisal and pooled analysis were performed according to the PRISMA statement. The systematic search included the Central register of controlled trials of the Cochrane Library (to present), MEDLINE (1966 to present), EMBASE (1980 to present) and CINAHL (1981 to present). Relative risk (RR), mean difference (MD) and the corresponding 95\% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using the Revman(®) statistical software for dichotomous and continuous outcomes.


RESULTS

Twenty randomized controlled trials (published between 1994 and 2010) including 993 patients met the inclusion criteria. There was a longer duration of postoperative analgesia in children receiving clonidine in addition to local anesthetic (MD: 3.98 h; 95\% CI: 2.84-5.13; P {\textless} 0.00001). Furthermore, there was a lower number of patients requiring rescue analgesics in the clonidine group (RR: 0.72; 95\% CI: 0.57-0.90; P = 0.003). The incidence of complications (e.g., respiratory depression) remained very low and was not different to caudal local anesthetics alone.


CONCLUSIONS

There is considerable evidence that caudally administered clonidine in addition to local anesthetics provides extended duration of analgesia with a decreased incidence for analgesic rescue requirement and little adverse effects compared to caudal local anesthetics alone.},
	number = {12},
	journal = {Paediatric anaesthesia},
	author = {Schnabel, Alexander and Poepping, Daniel M and Pogatzki-Zahn, Esther M and Zahn, Peter K},
	month = dec,
	year = {2011},
	pmid = {22023418},
	keywords = {Analgesics, Anesthesia, Caudal, Child, Clonidine, Humans, Pain, Postoperative, Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Risk, Treatment Outcome},
	pages = {1219--1230}
}

@article{jit_cost-effectiveness_2011,
	title = {Cost-effectiveness of universal rotavirus vaccination in reducing rotavirus gastroenteritis in {Ireland}.},
	volume = {29},
	issn = {1873-2518},
	abstract = {We evaluated the cost-effectiveness of universal infant rotavirus (RV) vaccination compared to current standard of care of "no vaccination". Two RV vaccines are currently licensed in Ireland: Rotarix and RotaTeq. A cohort model used in several European countries was adapted using Irish epidemiological, resource utilisation and cost data. The base case model considers the impact of Rotarix vaccination on health-related quality of life of children under five years old from a healthcare payer perspective. Other scenarios explored the use of RotaTeq, impact on one caregiver, on societal costs and on cases that do not seek medical attention. Cost was varied between the vaccine list price (100/course) in the base case and an assumed tender price (70/course). One-way and probabilistic sensitivity analyses were conducted. Implementing universal RV vaccination may prevent around 1970 GP visits, 3280 A\&E attendances and 2490 hospitalisations. A vaccination programme was estimated to cost approximately 6.54 million per year but 4.65 million of this would be offset by reducing healthcare resource use. The baseline ICER was 112,048/QALY and 72,736/QALY from the healthcare payer and societal perspective, respectively, falling to 68,896 and 43,916/QALY, respectively, if the impact on one caregiver was considered. If the price fell to 70 per course, universal RV vaccination would be cost saving under all scenarios. Results were sensitive to vaccination costs, incidence of RV infection and direct medical costs. Universal RV vaccination would not be cost-effective under base case assumptions. However, it could be cost-effective at a lower vaccine price or from a wider societal perspective.Copyright 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.},
	number = {43},
	journal = {Vaccine},
	author = {Jit, M and Schmitz, S and Walsh, C and Garvey, P and McKeown, P and Barry, M},
	year = {2011},
	keywords = {*Gastroenteritis/pc [Prevention \& Control], *Rotavirus Infections/ec [Economics], *Rotavirus Infections/pc [Prevention \& Control], *Rotavirus Vaccines/ec [Economics], Child, Preschool, Cost-Benefit Analysis, Gastroenteritis/ec [Economics], Gastroenteritis/ep [Epidemiology], Gastroenteritis/im [Immunology], Humans, Infant, Ireland/ep [Epidemiology], Rotavirus Infections/ep [Epidemiology], Rotavirus Infections/im [Immunology], Rotavirus Vaccines/ad [Administration \& Dosage], Rotavirus Vaccines/im [Immunology], Rotavirus/im [Immunology], quality of life},
	pages = {7463--73},
}

@article{moola_perceptions_2011,
	title = {The perceptions of caregivers toward physical activity and health in youth with  congenital heart disease.},
	volume = {21},
	issn = {1049-7323 1049-7323},
	doi = {10.1177/1049732310384119},
	abstract = {Medical advances have reduced mortality in youth with congenital heart disease  (CHD). Although physical activity is associated with enhanced quality of life, most  patients are inactive. By addressing medical and psychological barriers, previous  literature has reproduced discourses of individualism which position cardiac youth  as personally responsible for physical inactivity. Few sociological investigations  have sought to address the influence of social barriers to physical activity, and  the insights of caregivers are absent from the literature. In this study, caregiver  perceptions toward physical activity for youth with CHD were investigated at a  Canadian hospital. Media representations, school liability, and parental  overprotection construct cardiac youth as "at risk" during physical activity, and  position their health precariously. Indeed, from the perspective of hospital staff,  the findings indicate the centrality of sociological factors to the physical  activity experiences of youth with CHD, and the importance of attending to the  contextual barriers that constrain their health and physical activity.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {2},
	journal = {Qualitative health research},
	author = {Moola, Fiona and Fusco, Caroline and Kirsh, Joel A.},
	month = feb,
	year = {2011},
	pmid = {20935236},
	note = {Place: United States},
	keywords = {*Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice, *Motor Activity, *Social Perception, Adolescent, Age Factors, Canada/epidemiology, Caregivers/*psychology, Child, Health Status, Heart Defects, Congenital/epidemiology/mortality/*psychology, Hospitals, Pediatric, Humans, Interview, Psychological, Qualitative Research, Quality of Life/*psychology, Risk},
	pages = {278--291},
}

@article {93,
	title = {Medical treatment of autism spectrum disorders},
	journal = {Current Opinion in Neurology},
	volume = {23},
	number = {2},
	year = {2010},
	note = {LR: 20130118; GR: UA3 MC 11054/PHS HHS/United States; JID: 9319162; RF: 53; ppublish},
	month = {Apr},
	pages = {131-136},
	abstract = {PURPOSE OF REVIEW: There are several common medical conditions occurring in people with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) that can benefit from treatment and can in turn improve the health and quality of life of people with ASD. This review will primarily focus on these medical comorbidities, with a brief review of potential future treatments. RECENT FINDINGS: There continues to be disagreement regarding the exact prevalence and etiological significance of gastrointestinal conditions, epilepsy and other abnormal electroencephalographic findings, and sleep problems. It is not clear whether gastrointestinal conditions occur more frequently than in typically developing children, and whether there are distinct conditions that occur more often in ASD than in non-ASD populations. Abnormal electroencephalographic findings have been reported in up to 60\% of children with ASD, and some believe that these abnormalities may be responsible for parts of the ASD phenotype. Sleep problems are reported more frequently than in the general population, and effective treatments are available. Future medical treatments for ASD may be directed at underlying core symptoms and have greater impact than today{\textquoteright}s symptomatic approach. SUMMARY: Further research in these areas is needed to better guide diagnosis and treatment of a variety of medical conditions experienced by people with ASD.},
	keywords = {Animals, Brain Diseases/diagnosis/physiopathology/therapy, Child, Child Development Disorders, Gastrointestinal Diseases/diagnosis/physiopathology/therapy, Humans, Pervasive/diagnosis/physiopathology/therapy, Sleep Disorders/diagnosis/physiopathology/therapy},
	isbn = {1473-6551; 1350-7540},
	author = {Daniel L Coury}
}

@article{ cilliers_pyridoxal-5-phosphate_2010,
  title = {Pyridoxal-5-phosphate plasma concentrations in children receiving tuberculosis chemotherapy including isoniazid},
  volume = {99},
  issn = {1651-2227},
  doi = {10.1111/j.1651-2227.2010.01696.x},
  abstract = {AIM: Little is known about pyridoxine nutriture of children treated with isoniazid (INH) regimens. This study documents plasma pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP) concentrations in children, HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected, receiving INH regimens.
METHODS: Children from the Western Cape of South Africa hospitalized for tuberculosis (TB) management were studied. Plasma PLP concentrations were determined on enrolment, 1-month after commencing TB treatment, and again after 4-month's treatment. The children received a supplement meeting pyridoxine requirements.
RESULTS: Nineteen HIV-infected and 33 HIV-uninfected children received INH (dosage range 4-20 mg/kg) daily. Mean PLP plasma concentrations on enrolment were 8.32 (SD 6.75) ng/mL and 11.28 (SD 3.02) ng/mL in HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected children, respectively (p = 0.11) and after 4-month's treatment 6.75 (SD 2.71) ng/mL and 14.76 (SD 7.96) ng/mL (p {\textless} 0.001). On enrolment 9 (50%) HIV-infected and 5 (15%) HIV-uninfected children (p = 0.016) had suboptimal PLP concentrations ({\textless}6 ng/mL); after 4-month's treatment 8 (42%) and 2 (6%) (p = 0.004).
CONCLUSION: Plasma PLP concentrations in children treated for TB were low on enrolment in HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected children; after 4-month's treatment low values were still common in HIV-infected children. Additional pyridoxine supplementation of malnourished children treated for tuberculosis is advisable, particularly those HIV-infected.},
  language = {eng},
  number = {5},
  journal = {Acta Paediatrica (Oslo, Norway: 1992)},
  author = {Cilliers, K. and Labadarios, D. and Schaaf, H. S. and Willemse, M. and Maritz, J. S. and Werely, C. J. and Hussey, G. and Donald, P. R.},
  month = {May},
  year = {2010},
  pmid = {20146723},
  keywords = {AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections, Adolescent, Antitubercular Agents, Child, Child, Preschool, Female, Genotype, HIV Infections, Humans, Infant, Isoniazid, Male, Pyridoxal Phosphate, South Africa, Tuberculosis},
  pages = {705--710}
}

Paper  doi  abstract   bibtex   

@article{johnson_psychiatric_2010,
	title = {Psychiatric disorders in extremely preterm children: longitudinal finding at age 11 years in the {EPICure} study.},
	volume = {49},
	issn = {1527-5418},
	url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20431465},
	doi = {10.1016/j.jaac.2010.02.002},
	abstract = {To investigate the prevalence and risk factors for psychiatric disorders in extremely preterm children.},
	number = {5},
	urldate = {2012-05-01},
	journal = {Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry},
	author = {Johnson, Samantha and Hollis, Chris and Kochhar, Puja and Hennessy, Enid and Wolke, Dieter and Marlow, Neil},
	month = may,
	year = {2010},
	pmid = {20431465},
	keywords = {Adolescent, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity: dia, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity: epi, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity: eti, Child, Child Behavior Disorders, Child Behavior Disorders: diagnosis, Child Behavior Disorders: epidemiology, Child Behavior Disorders: etiology, Child Development Disorders, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disord, Great Britain, Great Britain: epidemiology, Humans, Infant, Ireland, Ireland: epidemiology, Newborn, Pervasive, Pervasive: diagnosis, Pervasive: epidemiolo, Pervasive: etiology, Premature, Prevalence, Questionnaires, Risk Factors},
	pages = {453--63.e1},
}

Paper  doi  abstract   bibtex   

@article{harrad_dust_2010,
	title = {Dust from {U}.{K}. primary school classrooms and daycare centers: the significance of dust as a pathway of exposure of young {U}.{K}. children to brominated flame retardants and polychlorinated biphenyls.},
	volume = {44},
	issn = {0013-936X},
	url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20441148},
	doi = {10.1021/es100750s},
	abstract = {Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), hexabromocyclododecanes (HBCDs), tetrabromobisphenol-A (TBBP-A), and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were measured in floor dust from U.K. child daycare center and primary school classrooms (n = 43, 36 for PCBs). Concentrations of HBCDs exceeded significantly (p {\textbackslash}textless 0.05) those reported previously for U.K. houses and offices, while those of TBBP-A exceeded significantly those in U.K. cars and offices. PCB concentrations were statistically indistinguishable from those in U.K. house dust but lower than in U.S. classroom dust, while BDEs 47, 99, 100, 153, 196, 197, 203, and 209 in classrooms were significantly below concentrations in U.K. cars. Exposure of young U.K. children via classroom dust exceeds that of U.K. adults via office dust for all contaminants monitored. Overall dust exposure of young U.K. children was estimated including car, classroom, and house dust. Exposure to TBBP-A was well below a U.K. health-based limit value (HBLV). Though no HBLVs exist for non-dioxin-like PCBs and HBCDs; dust exposure to PCBs fell well below U.K. dietary and inhalation exposure. Contrastingly, a high-end estimate of HBCD dust exposure exceeded U.K. dietary exposure substantially. Moreover, high-end estimates of dust exposure to BDE-99 and BDE-209 (4.3 and 13000 ng/kg bw/day, respectively) exceeded HBLVs of 0.23-0.30 and 7000 ng/kg bw/day respectively.},
	number = {11},
	journal = {Environmental science \& technology},
	author = {Harrad, Stuart and Goosey, Emma and Desborough, Jennifer and Abdallah, Mohamed Abou-Elwafa and Roosens, Laurence and Covaci, Adrian},
	month = jun,
	year = {2010},
	pmid = {20441148},
	keywords = {Child, Child Day Care Centers, Dust, Environmental Exposure, Flame Retardants: toxicity, Flame retardants, Great Britain, Humans, Polychlorinated Biphenyls, Polychlorinated Biphenyls: toxicity, Schools},
	pages = {4198--202},
}

Paper  doi  abstract   bibtex   

@article{auerbach_dopamine_2010,
	title = {Dopamine risk and paternal {ADHD} symptomatology associated with {ADHD} symptoms in four and a half-year-old boys.},
	volume = {20},
	issn = {1473-5873},
	url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20421851},
	doi = {10.1097/YPG.0b013e32833a1f27},
	abstract = {This study examined the influence of allelic variation in two dopamine genes, the dopamine receptor D4 (DRD4) gene and the dopamine transporter D1 (DAT1) gene, and paternal attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptomatology on the level of ADHD symptoms in 96 four and a half-year-old boys.},
	number = {4},
	urldate = {2012-07-23},
	journal = {Psychiatric genetics},
	author = {Auerbach, Judith G and Atzaba-Poria, Naama and Berger, Andrea and Landau, Rivka and Arbelle, Shoshana and Raz, Yael and Ebstein, Richard},
	month = aug,
	year = {2010},
	pmid = {20421851},
	keywords = {Adult, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity: gen, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity: pat, Child, Dopamine, Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins, Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins: genet, Dopamine: genetics, Fathers, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Humans, Male, Receptors, Dopamine D4, Receptors, Dopamine D4: genetics, Risk Factors},
	pages = {160--5},
}

Paper  doi  abstract   bibtex   

@article{wood_hyperactive-impulsive_2009,
	title = {Hyperactive-impulsive symptom scores and oppositional behaviours reflect alternate manifestations of a single liability.},
	volume = {39},
	issn = {1573-3297},
	url = {http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=2801319&tool=pmcentrez&rendertype=abstract},
	doi = {10.1007/s10519-009-9290-z},
	abstract = {Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and oppositional behaviours frequently co-occur, We aimed to study the etiology of this overlap in a general population-based twin sample, assessing the symptom domains of hyperactivity-impulsivity and inattentiveness separately for their overlap with oppositionality. We further aimed to investigate whether rater bias may contribute to the overlap in previous data which used one rater only. Using parent and teacher ratings on hyperactivity-impulsivity, inattentiveness and oppositionality, and actigraph measurements of activity level, for 668 7-9-year-old twin pairs, oppositionality showed a higher overlap with hyperactivity-impulsivity (r = 0.95) than with inattentiveness (r = 0.52) and all etiological influences on hyperactivity-impulsivity were shared with those on oppositionality, indicated by a genetic correlation of 0.95 and a child-specific environmental correlation of 0.94. Actigraph data did not show an overlap with ratings of oppositionality. In middle childhood, symptoms of hyperactivity-impulsivity and oppositional behaviour may represent the same underlying liability, whereas the inattentive domain is more distinct.},
	number = {5},
	urldate = {2012-07-23},
	journal = {Behavior genetics},
	author = {Wood, Alexis C and Rijsdijk, Frühling and Asherson, Philip and Kuntsi, Jonna},
	month = sep,
	year = {2009},
	pmid = {19633943},
	keywords = {Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity: dia, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity: gen, Attention Deficit and Disruptive Behavior Disorder, Child, Comorbidity, Diagnosis, Differential, Diseases in Twins, Environment, Family Health, Female, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Humans, Male, Principal Component Analysis, Twins, Dizygotic, Twins, Monozygotic},
	pages = {447--60},
}

@article{menzies_survey_2009,
	title = {A survey of pediatric caudal extradural anesthesia practice},
	volume = {19},
	issn = {1460-9592},
	doi = {10.1111/j.1460-9592.2009.03116.x},
	abstract = {BACKGROUND

Caudal extradural blockade is one of the most commonly performed procedures in pediatric anesthesia. However, there is little information available on variations in clinical practice.


OBJECTIVES

To perform a survey of members of the Association of Paediatric Anaesthetists of Great Britain and Ireland who undertake caudal anesthesia. Methods: An 'online' World Wide Web questionnaire collected information on various aspects of clinical practice. The survey ran from April to June 2008.


RESULTS

There were 366 questionnaires completed. The majority of respondents had {\textgreater}5 years of pediatric experience and performed up to ten caudal extradural procedures a month. The commonest device used was a cannula (69.7\%) with 68.6\% using a 22G device. There was a trend toward the use of a cannula in those anesthetists with {\textless}15 years experience, while those with {\textgreater}15 years experience tended to use a needle. Most anesthetists (91.5\%) did not believe that there was a significant risk of implantation of dermoid tissue into the caudal extradural space. The majority used a combination of clinical methods to confirm correct placement. Only 27 respondents used ultrasound. The most popular local anesthetics were bupivacaine (43.4\%) and levobupivacaine (41.7\%). The most common additives were clonidine (42.3\%) and ketamine (37.5\%). The caudal catheter technique was used by 43.6\%. Most anesthetists (74\%) wear gloves for a single shot caudal injection.


CONCLUSIONS

This survey provides a snapshot of current practice and acts a useful reference for the development of enhanced techniques and new equipment in the future.},
	number = {9},
	journal = {Paediatric anaesthesia},
	author = {Menzies, Robert and Congreve, Kate and Herodes, Veiko and Berg, Simon and Mason, David G},
	month = sep,
	year = {2009},
	pmid = {19691690},
	keywords = {Adolescent, Anesthesia, Anesthesia, Caudal, Anesthesia, Epidural, Anesthetics, Local, Asepsis, Child, Child, Preschool, Gloves, Surgical, Health Care Surveys, Humans, Infection Control, Marketingaktiv, Masks, Questionnaires},
	pages = {829--836}
}

Paper  doi  abstract   bibtex   

@article{preston_role_2009,
	title = {The role of multidimensional attentional abilities in academic skills of children with {ADHD}.},
	volume = {42},
	issn = {0022-2194},
	url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19264927},
	doi = {10.1177/0022219408331042},
	abstract = {Despite reports of academic difficulties in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), little is known about the relationship between performance on tests of academic achievement and measures of attention. The current study assessed intellectual ability, parent-reported inattention, academic achievement, and attention in 45 children (ages 7-15) diagnosed with ADHD. Hierarchical regressions were performed with selective, sustained, and attentional control/switching domains of the Test of Everyday Attention for Children as predictor variables and with performance on the Wechsler Individual Achievement Test-Second Edition as dependent variables. It was hypothesized that sustained attention and attentional control/switching would predict performance on achievement tests. Results demonstrate that attentional control/ switching accounted for a significant amount of variance in all academic areas (reading, math, and spelling), even after accounting for verbal IQ and parent-reported inattention. Sustained attention predicted variance only in math, whereas selective attention did not account for variance in any achievement domain. Therefore, attentional control/switching, which involves components of executive functions, plays an important role in academic performance.},
	number = {3},
	urldate = {2012-07-23},
	journal = {Journal of learning disabilities},
	author = {Preston, Andrew S and Heaton, Shelley C and McCann, Sarah J and Watson, William D and Selke, Gregg},
	year = {2009},
	pmid = {19264927},
	keywords = {Achievement, Adolescent, Aptitude, Attention, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity: cla, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity: dia, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity: psy, Child, Female, Humans, Intelligence, Male, Mathematics, Personality Assessment, Reading, Verbal Learning, Wechsler Scales},
	pages = {240--9},
}

Paper  doi  abstract   bibtex   

@article{wood_high_2008,
	title = {High heritability for a composite index of children's activity level measures.},
	volume = {38},
	issn = {0001-8244},
	url = {http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=2493057&tool=pmcentrez&rendertype=abstract},
	doi = {10.1007/s10519-008-9196-1},
	abstract = {Despite the high heritability of children's activity level, which forms part of the core symptom domain of hyperactivity-impulsivity within attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), there has only been a limited success with identifying candidate genes involved in its etiology. This may reflect a lack of understanding about the different measures used to define activity level across studies. We aimed to study the genetic and environmental etiology across three measures of activity level: parent and teacher ratings of hyperactivity-impulsivity and actigraph measurements, within a population-based sample of 463 7-9 year old twin pairs. We further examined ways in which the three measures could be combined for future molecular studies. Phenotypic correlations across measures were modest, but a common underlying phenotypic factor was highly heritable (92\%); as was a simple aggregation of all three measurements (77\%). This suggests that distilling what is common to all three measures may be a good method for generating a quantitative trait suitable for molecular studies of activity level in children. The high heritabilities found are encouraging in this respect.},
	number = {3},
	urldate = {2015-05-12},
	journal = {Behavior genetics},
	author = {Wood, Alexis C and Rijsdijk, Frühling and Saudino, Kimberly J and Asherson, Philip and Kuntsi, Jonna},
	month = may,
	year = {2008},
	pmid = {18297388},
	keywords = {Attention Deficit and Disruptive Behavior Disorder, Child, Family Health, Female, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Humans, Impulsive Behavior, Impulsive Behavior: genetics, Male, Models, Genetic, Models, Statistical, Motor Activity, Multivariate Analysis, Parents, Phenotype},
	pages = {266--76},
}

Paper  abstract   bibtex   

@article{van_der_oord_treatment_2008,
	title = {Treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in children. {Predictors} of treatment outcome.},
	volume = {17},
	issn = {1018-8827},
	url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17876505},
	abstract = {OBJECTIVE: The present study investigated the predictive power of anxiety, IQ, severity of ADHD and parental depression on the outcome of treatment in children with ADHD. METHOD: Fifty children with ADHD (ages 8-12) were randomized to a 10-week treatment of methylphenidate or to a treatment of methylphenidate combined with multimodal behavior therapy. Prior to treatment predictors were assessed. Outcome was assessed separately for parents and teachers on a composite measure of inattentive, hyperactive, oppositional- and conduct disorder symptoms. RESULTS: There was neither a significant difference between the two treatments at baseline nor did treatment condition predict outcome. Therefore the data were collapsed across the two treatments. A combination of anxiety and IQ predicted teacher-rated outcome, explaining 18\% of the variance. Higher anxiety and higher IQ's indicated better treatment outcome. There were no significant predictors of the parent-rated outcome. CONCLUSION: This study showed a small but significant predictive effect of IQ and anxiety on treatment outcome in children with ADHD. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: This study supports the idea that for the treatment of ADHD children with comorbid anxiety and higher IQ respond better to the two most used treatments for ADHD.},
	number = {2},
	urldate = {2014-05-23},
	journal = {European child \& adolescent psychiatry},
	author = {van der Oord, Saskia and Prins, P J M and Oosterlaan, J and Emmelkamp, P M G},
	month = mar,
	year = {2008},
	keywords = {Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity: dia, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity: dru, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity: psy, Behavior Therapy, Central Nervous System Stimulants, Central Nervous System Stimulants: therapeutic use, Child, Female, Humans, Male, Methylphenidate, Methylphenidate: therapeutic use, Predictive Value of Tests, Prospective Studies, Treatment Outcome},
	pages = {73--81},
}

Paper  abstract   bibtex   

@article{bidwell_testing_2007,
	title = {Testing for neuropsychological endophenotypes in siblings discordant for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.},
	volume = {62},
	url = {http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=2687149&tool=pmcentrez&rendertype=abstract},
	abstract = {BACKGROUND: Neurocognitive deficits associated with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) might be useful intermediate endophenotypes for determining specific genetic pathways that contribute to ADHD. METHODS: This study administered 17 measures from prominent neuropsychological theories of ADHD (executive function, processing speed, arousal regulation and, motivation/delay aversion) in dizygotic (DZ) twin pairs discordant for ADHD and control twin pairs (ages 8-18 years) to compare performance between twins affected with ADHD (n = 266), their unaffected co-twins (n = 228), and control children from twin pairs without ADHD or learning difficulties (n = 332). RESULTS: The ADHD subjects show significant impairment on executive function, processing speed, and response variability measures compared with control subjects. Unaffected co-twins of ADHD subjects are significantly impaired on nearly all the same measures as their ADHD siblings, even when subclinical symptoms of ADHD are controlled. CONCLUSIONS: Executive function, processing speed, and response variability deficits might be useful endophenotypes for genetic studies of ADHD.},
	number = {9},
	journal = {Biological Psychiatry},
	author = {Bidwell, L Cinnamon and Willcutt, Erik G and Defries, John C and Pennington, Bruce F},
	year = {2007},
	note = {Publisher: Department of Psychology, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USA. lcb@colorado.edu},
	keywords = {adolescent, analysis variance, attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity, attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity gen, attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity phy, child, cognition disorders, cognition disorders genetics, cognition disorders physiopathology, diseases twins, diseases twins genetics, diseases twins psychology, female, genetic predisposition disease, genetic predisposition disease genetics, humans, intelligence tests, male, neuropsychological tests, neuropsychological tests statistics \& numerical d, phenotype, problem solving, reading, sex factors, twins},
	pages = {991--998},
}

Paper  doi  abstract   bibtex   

@article{luscombe_weight_2007,
	title = {Weight estimation in resuscitation: is the current formula still valid?},
	volume = {92},
	issn = {1468-2044},
	shorttitle = {Weight estimation in resuscitation},
	url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17213259},
	doi = {10.1136/adc.2006.107284},
	abstract = {OBJECTIVES: To gather data on the ages and weights of paediatric patients between 1 and 10 years of age, and to compare these data with the current weight estimation formula weight(kg) = 2(age+4). If a significant difference was found, the data would be used to derive a more accurate formula. DESIGN: Retrospective study using data collected from paediatric attendances at an emergency department (ED). SETTING: A large ED in a major UK city, treating both children and adults. Patients: 17 244 children aged 1-10 years, attending the ED between June and December 2005. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Weight difference between the measured weight and the expected weight, the latter given by weight = 2(age+4). RESULTS: The weights of seriously ill children were recorded in only 41.5\% of cases, necessitating a weight estimate in the remainder. The formula weight = 2(age+4) underestimated children's weights by a mean of 18.8\% (95\% confidence interval (95\% CI) 18.42\% to 19.18\%). Using linear regression and analysis of each individual age group, ten new formulas were tested. Of these formulas, weight(kg) = 3(age)+7 proved the most accurate with a mean underestimate of just 2.48\% (95\% CI 2.17\% to 2.79\%). CONCLUSIONS: Weight estimation remains of paramount importance in paediatric resuscitation. This study shows that the current estimation formula provides a significant underestimate of children's weights. When used to calculate drug and fluid dosages, this may lead to the under-resuscitation of a critically ill child. The formula weight(kg) = 3(age)+7 provided a safe and more accurate estimate of the weight of today's child.},
	number = {5},
	urldate = {2010-03-18},
	journal = {Archives of Disease in Childhood},
	author = {Luscombe, Mark and Owens, Ben},
	month = may,
	year = {2007},
	pmid = {17213259},
	keywords = {Aging, Anthropometry, Body Weight, Child, Child, Preschool, Emergency Service, Hospital, Female, Humans, Infant, Male, Models, Biological, Reference Values, Resuscitation},
	pages = {412--415},
}

Website  abstract   bibtex   

@article{
 title = {Child passenger safety for inner-city Latinos: new approaches from the community.},
 type = {article},
 year = {2006},
 identifiers = {[object Object]},
 keywords = {Adolescent,Adult,Attitudes,Automobiles,Child,Community Health Services,Community Health Services: organization & administ,Female,Health Education,Health Education: methods,Health Knowledge,Hispanic Americans,Humans,Infant,Infant Equipment,Infant Equipment: utilization,Male,Middle Aged,Newborn,Parents,Practice,Preschool,Program Evaluation,United States,Urban Health Services,Urban Health Services: organization & administrati,Wounds and Injuries,Wounds and Injuries: ethnology,Wounds and Injuries: prevention & control},
 pages = {99-104},
 volume = {12},
 websites = {http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=2577363&tool=pmcentrez&rendertype=abstract},
 month = {4},
 id = {87fdea4a-6f0c-3a6b-86a9-61cad4b0a1b7},
 created = {2016-09-13T00:48:25.000Z},
 accessed = {2016-09-05},
 file_attached = {false},
 profile_id = {c7856f8a-4963-3e63-90cb-57986d91c9b0},
 group_id = {1fd78437-06d9-37cf-b89d-417b03940b66},
 last_modified = {2016-09-13T05:55:52.000Z},
 read = {false},
 starred = {false},
 authored = {false},
 confirmed = {false},
 hidden = {false},
 abstract = {Motor vehicle crashes injuries, the leading cause of death for Latino children in the United States, can be reduced by the correct use of child safety seats. This study evaluated the ability of a community health worker education program to improve proper child safety seat usage in urban low income Latino families.},
 bibtype = {article},
 author = {Martin, M. and Holden, J. and Chen, Z. and Quinlan, K.},
 journal = {Injury prevention : journal of the International Society for Child and Adolescent Injury Prevention},
 number = {2}
}

Paper  doi  abstract   bibtex   

@article{cherry_defining_2005,
	title = {Defining pertussis epidemiology: clinical, microbiologic and serologic perspectives},
	volume = {24},
	issn = {0891-3668},
	shorttitle = {Defining pertussis epidemiology},
	url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15876920},
	doi = {00006454-200505001-00005},
	abstract = {In the past decade, numerous sources have noted an increase in reported pertussis in highly immunized populations. This has been accompanied by a perceived change in disease epidemiology, characterized by a significant increase in reported pertussis incidence among adolescents and adults. In populations where children are routinely immunized, adolescents and adults now constitute the main source of infection in infants. However, a range of factors makes delineation of these epidemiologic trends difficult. Reported cases of pertussis represent only a fraction of the actual number of Bordetella pertussis symptomatic infections, because underconsulting, underrecognition and underdiagnosis are widespread and are a particular problem in adolescents and adults. Possible explanations for failure to diagnose pertussis include the heterogeneity in pertussis disease expression and low physician awareness and index of suspicion. Consequently defining pertussis from a clinical perspective is difficult, and this is reflected by a lack of consistency between case definitions. Although case definitions for specific circumstances have been established by the World Health Organization and the United States Centers for Disease Control, these are not universally useful, making intercountry comparisons and global evaluation difficult. Less-than-optimal and poorly performed laboratory tests, or their lack of availability, also make confirmation of B. pertussis infection difficult. To overcome these problems, clinical case definitions should be standardized for outbreak and endemic situations. Rapid, easy-to-use and inexpensive laboratory diagnostic techniques also must be made available and be widely implemented. In particular, polymerase chain reaction and single serum serology are 2 techniques that should be more widely adopted.},
	number = {5 Suppl},
	urldate = {2008-10-01},
	journal = {The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal},
	author = {Cherry, James D and Grimprel, Emmanuel and Guiso, Nicole and Heininger, Ulrich and Mertsola, Jussi},
	month = may,
	year = {2005},
	pmid = {15876920},
	keywords = {Adolescent, Adult, Age Distribution, Bordetella pertussis, Child, Child, Preschool, Communicable Disease Control, Cough, Diphtheria-Tetanus-Pertussis Vaccine, Disease Notification, Female, Humans, Incidence, Infant, Male, Risk Assessment, Serologic Tests, Sex Distribution, Vaccination, Whooping Cough, World Health, World Health Organization},
	pages = {S25--34},
}

@article{helms_utility_2005,
	title = {Utility of routinely acquired primary care data for paediatric disease epidemiology and pharmacoepidemiology},
	volume = {59},
	issn = {0306-5251},
	doi = {10.1111/j.1365-2125.2005.02404.x},
	abstract = {BACKGROUND: The majority of medicines prescribed for children are prescribed in primary care for common acute and chronic conditions. This is in contrast to prescribing in secondary care where the population of children admitted is small but where a large number of different medicines are prescribed to treat more serious and less common conditions.
METHODS: Data on prescribing was extracted from the General Practice Administration System for Scotland (GPASS) for the year November 1999 to October 2000 and prescribing patterns for children aged 0-16 years expressed as percentages. A comparison of age specific consultations for asthma, as an example of a common paediatric condition, was also made between two separate general practice data sets, the General Practice Research Database (GRPD) and the continuous morbidity recording (CMR) subset of GPASS.
RESULTS: Of 214 medicines investigated for unlicensed and off-label prescribing no unlicensed prescribing was identified. Off-label prescribing due to age was most common among younger and older children. The most common reasons for off-label prescriptions were, in order of frequency, lower than recommended dose, higher than recommended dose, below the recommended age, and unlicensed formulation. Age and gender specific consultations for asthma were similar in the two representative databases, GPRD and CMR, both showing disappearance of the male predominance in the teenage years.
CONCLUSIONS: Large primary care data sets available within a unified health care system such as the UK National Health Service (NHS) are likely to be broadly compatible and produce similar results. The prescribing of off-label medicines to children is common in primary care, most commonly due to prescribing out with the recommended dosage regimen.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {6},
	journal = {British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology},
	author = {Helms, Peter J. and Ekins Daukes, Suzie and Taylor, Michael W. and Simpson, Colin R. and McLay, James S.},
	month = jun,
	year = {2005},
	pmid = {15948933},
	pmcid = {PMC1884863},
	keywords = {Adolescent, Age Distribution, Asthma, Child, Child, Preschool, Databases, Factual, Drug Approval, Drug Prescriptions, Female, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Male, Medical Records Systems, Computerized, Pediatrics, Primary Health Care, Reproducibility of Results, Scotland, State Medicine, pharmacoepidemiology},
	pages = {684--690}
}

Paper  abstract   bibtex   

@article{oner_attentional_2005,
	title = {Attentional and neurocognitive characteristics of high-risk offspring of parents with schizophrenia compared with {DSM}-{IV} attention deficit hyperactivity disorder children.},
	volume = {76},
	issn = {0920-9964},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0920996405000447},
	abstract = {Offspring of individuals with schizophrenia are at increased baseline risk for a range of early mental disorders. Studies investigating the premorbid characteristics of individuals with schizophrenia indicate that they suffer from social, behavioral, attentional and neurocognitive impairments, often resembling attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). In this study, we compared the executive functioning and general intelligence among three groups: (i) children and adolescents with DSM-IV ADHD (n=41), (ii) "high-risk" (HR) offspring of parents with DSM-IV schizophrenia, and (iii) normal comparison subjects (n=35). Our results indicated that both HR and ADHD groups had lower Verbal IQ scores. ADHD cases had significantly lower percent correct and total errors in Wisconsin Cart Sorting Test when compared with normal comparison subjects. The HR cases also had lower Performance IQ scores as well as worse abstraction--flexibility and comprehension performance. The HR group was further stratified with (HR-A) and without (HR-NA) comorbid ADHD, and HR-A subjects were significantly noted to be more impaired on most tests. The overall worse performance of HR offspring was attributable to significantly lower performance among the HR-A youth. Further, our results suggested that the most profoundly impaired HR subjects were in fact children and adolescents who also met criteria for ADHD. Future studies with broader neuropsychological test batteries are necessary to investigate the differences and similarities between ADHD and the HR-A subgroup.},
	number = {2-3},
	urldate = {2014-05-23},
	journal = {Schizophrenia research},
	author = {Oner, Ozgür and Munir, Kerim},
	month = jul,
	year = {2005},
	keywords = {Adolescent, Attention, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity: dia, Child, Child of Impaired Parents, Child of Impaired Parents: psychology, Cognition Disorders, Cognition Disorders: diagnosis, Cognition Disorders: etiology, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disord, Female, Humans, Male, Neuropsychological Tests, Risk Assessment, Risk Factors, Schizophrenia, Schizophrenia: complications, Schizophrenia: diagnosis, Schizophrenia: genetics, Severity of Illness Index},
	pages = {293--9},
}

Paper  abstract   bibtex   

@article{perez_new_2005,
	title = {New measure o f perceived motor competence for children ages 4 to 6 years},
	volume = {101},
	issn = {0031-5125},
	url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16350617},
	abstract = {The purpose of this study was to develop and validate a test for the assessment of perceived motor competence in young children ages 4 to 6 years old. The structure of the Children's Perception of Motor Competence Scale was analyzed through exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis with 495 children between 4 and 6 years of age. A second-order model was selected and consisted of one scale of Perceived General Motor Competence and two subscales, Perceived Gross Motor Competence and Perceived Fine Motor Competence. The number of items was 22. This test showed acceptable internal reliability: global scale (alpha = .81), Perceived Gross Motor Competence (alpha = .80), and Perceived Fine Motor Competence (alpha = .65). Children manifested accuracy in the assessment of the competence. Perceived motor competence was related to actual motor competence as measured by the Movement ABC Test and by an observational scale used by Physical Education teachers. There were no sex differences. The Children's Perception of Motor Competence Scale could be considered an interesting assessment test for identifying current self-perceptions of motor competence in young children.},
	number = {1},
	urldate = {2012-09-16},
	journal = {Perceptual and motor skills},
	author = {Pérez, Luis Miguel and Graupera Sanz, José Luis},
	month = aug,
	year = {2005},
	pmid = {16350617},
	keywords = {Child, Child, Preschool, Female, Humans, Male, Motor Skills, PSYCHOMETRICS, Personality Assessment, Psychomotor Performance, Reproducibility of Results, Self Concept},
	pages = {131--148},
}

@Article{Backwell2004,
  author   = {Patricia R Y Backwell and Michael D Jennions},
  journal  = {Nature},
  title    = {Animal behaviour: {C}oalition among male fiddler crabs.},
  year     = {2004},
  number   = {6998},
  pages    = {417},
  volume   = {430},
  abstract = {Until now, no compelling evidence has emerged from studies of animal
	territoriality to indicate that a resident will strategically help
	a neighbour to defend its territory against an intruder. We show
	here that territory-owning Australian fiddler crabs will judiciously
	assist other crabs in defending their neighbouring territories. This
	cooperation supports the prediction that it is sometimes less costly
	to assist a familiar neighbour than to renegotiate boundaries with
	a new, and possibly stronger, neighbour.},
  doi      = {10.1038/430417a},
  keywords = {Animals, Attention, Brain, Decision Making, Face, Female, Haplorhini, Housing, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Models, Neurological, Pattern Recognition, Visual, Photic Stimulation, Prefrontal Cortex, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S., Visual Perception, Choice Behavior, Cognition, Dopamine, Learning, Schizophrenia, Substance-Related Disorders, Generalization (Psychology), Motor Skills, Non-P.H.S., Nerve Net, Neuronal Plasticity, Perception, Cerebral Cortex, Memory, Neurons, Sound Localization, Synapses, Synaptic Transmission, Neural Pathways, Non-, Acoustic Stimulation, Adult, Age of Onset, Aging, Blindness, Child, Preschool, Infant, Newborn, Pitch Perception, Analysis of Variance, Animal Welfare, Laboratory, Behavior, Animal, Hybridization, Genetic, Maze Learning, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Inbred DBA, Phenotype, Reproducibility of Results, Darkness, Deafness, Finches, Sleep, Sound, Sunlight, Time Factors, Vocalization, Energy Metabolism, Evolution, Fossils, History, Ancient, Hominidae, Biological, Physical Endurance, Running, Skeleton, Walking, Acoustics, Auditory Perception, Cues, Discrimination Learning, Pair Bond, Social Behavior, Songbirds, Adolescent, England, Habituation (Psychophysiology), Korea, Language, Semantics, Vocabulary, Action Potentials, Hippocampus, Pyramidal Cells, Rats, Rotation, Australia, Brachyura, Cooperative Behavior, Logistic Models, Territoriality, 15269757},
}

Paper  abstract   bibtex   

@article{anderson_executive_2004,
	title = {Executive functioning in school-aged children who were born very preterm or with extremely low birth weight in the 1990s.},
	volume = {114},
	issn = {1098-4275},
	url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15231907},
	abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To determine the frequency, nature, and severity of executive dysfunction (EDF) at 8 years of age in extremely low birth weight (ELBW)/very preterm infants who were born in the 1990s, compared with normal birth weight (NBW) control subjects.

METHODS: A geographically determined cohort study was conducted in Victoria, Australia. The ELBW/very preterm cohort comprised 298 consecutive survivors at 2 years of age who had gestational ages {\textless}28 completed weeks or birth weights {\textless}1000 g and were born during 1991-1992. The NBW cohort comprised 262 randomly selected children of birth weight {\textgreater}2499 g matched on date of birth, gender, ethnicity, and health insurance status. The participation rate was 92\% (275 of 298) for the ELBW/very preterm cohort and 85\% (223 of 262) for the NBW cohort. Cognitive and behavioral measures of executive functioning were administered.

RESULTS: The ELBW/very preterm cohort exhibited significant EDF compared with their NBW peers in all areas assessed. The cognitive assessment revealed global impairment rather than deficits in specific executive domains. The ELBW/very preterm children also displayed more behavioral problems indicative of EDF than the NBW children. Severe impairments were exhibited in only a small minority of ELBW/very preterm children. No statistical conclusions were altered after adjustment for sociodemographic variables or when children with substantial neurosensory impairment were excluded.

CONCLUSIONS: School-aged children who were born in the 1990s and were very preterm or had ELBW are at greater risk for developing EDF and require ongoing neuropsychological review throughout middle childhood.},
	number = {1},
	urldate = {2015-05-26},
	journal = {Pediatrics},
	author = {Anderson, Peter J and Doyle, Lex W},
	month = jul,
	year = {2004},
	pmid = {15231907},
	keywords = {Child, Child Behavior Disorders, Cognition, Cognition Disorders, Cohort Studies, Developmental Disabilities, Female, Form Perception, Humans, Infant, Newborn, Infant, Premature, Infant, Very Low Birth Weight, Intelligence, Male, Memory, Neuropsychological Tests},
	pages = {50--7},
}

@article{steen_violence_2004,
	title = {Violence in an urban community from the perspective of an accident and emergency department: a two-year prospective study},
	volume = {10},
	issn = {1234-1010},
	shorttitle = {Violence in an urban community from the perspective of an accident and emergency department},
	abstract = {BACKGROUND: Information about violence in a given community is usually based on crime statistics. The aim of this study was to explore violence in an urban community from the perspective of an accident and emergency department.
MATERIAL/METHODS: All assault victims treated at the Bergen Accident and Emergency Department (AED) during a two-year period (1994-1996) were prospectively registered, and data were collected about the patients and the assault incidents. To assess the proportion of unrecognized assault victims treated at the AED, an anonymous questionnaire was sent to all adult patients (first-time consultations) who visited the AED during a ten-day period in 1997.
RESULTS: 1803 assault victims were registered, 433 of whom (24\%) were females. Most of the victims were young men assaulted at public locations, under the influence of alcohol, often by unknown attackers, and frequently feeling that the attack was unprovoked (and thus defined as street violence). Few victims of child abuse or elder abuse were identified. About 40\% of the females were victims of domestic violence. Non-Norwegians, unemployed, and people living in economically deprived areas of the community were over represented. A minority of the assault victims wanted to press legal charges. From the postal survey (n=1264, response rate 43\%) few unrecognized victims of violence could be identified among our patients.
CONCLUSIONS: An accident and emergency department registration of violence victims will mostly identify male victims of street violence.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {2},
	journal = {Medical Science Monitor: International Medical Journal of Experimental and Clinical Research},
	author = {Steen, Knut and Hunskaar, Steinar},
	month = feb,
	year = {2004},
	pmid = {14737047},
	keywords = {Adolescent, Adult, Child, Child, Preschool, Crime Victims, Domestic Violence, Emergency Service, Hospital, Female, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Male, Middle Aged, Periodicity, Prospective Studies, Surveys and Questionnaires, Time Factors, Urban Population, Violence},
	pages = {CR75--79},
}

@Article{Gelman2004,
  author   = {Susan A Gelman},
  journal  = {Trends Cogn Sci},
  title    = {Psychological essentialism in children.},
  year     = {2004},
  number   = {9},
  pages    = {404-9},
  volume   = {8},
  abstract = {Psychological essentialism is the idea that certain categories, such
	as "lion" or "female", have an underlying reality that cannot be
	observed directly. Where does this idea come from? This article reviews
	recent evidence suggesting that psychological essentialism is an
	early cognitive bias. Young children look beyond the obvious in many
	converging ways: when learning words, generalizing knowledge to new
	category members, reasoning about the insides of things, contemplating
	the role of nature versus nurture, and constructing causal explanations.
	These findings argue against the standard view of children as concrete
	thinkers, instead claiming that children have an early tendency to
	search for hidden, non-obvious features.},
  doi      = {10.1016/j.tics.2004.07.001},
  keywords = {Animals, Child, Child Development, Cognition, Female, Humans, Language, P.H.S., Research Support, U.S. Gov't, 15350241},
}

Paper  doi  abstract   bibtex   

@article{constantino_autistic_2003,
	title = {Autistic {Traits} in the {General} {Population}: {A} {Twin} {Study}},
	volume = {60},
	issn = {0003-990X},
	url = {https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamapsychiatry/fullarticle/207441},
	doi = {10.1001/ARCHPSYC.60.5.524},
	abstract = {{\textless}h3{\textgreater}Background{\textless}/h3{\textgreater}{\textless}p{\textgreater}Recent research has indicated that autism is not a discrete disorder and that family members of autistic probands have an increased likelihood of exhibiting autistic symptoms with a wide range of severity, often below the threshold for a diagnosis of an autism spectrum disorder.{\textless}/p{\textgreater}{\textless}h3{\textgreater}Objective{\textless}/h3{\textgreater}{\textless}p{\textgreater}To examine the distribution and genetic structure of autistic traits in the general population using a newly established quantitative measure of autistic traits, the Social Responsiveness Scale (formerly known as the Social Reciprocity Scale).{\textless}/p{\textgreater}{\textless}h3{\textgreater}Methods{\textless}/h3{\textgreater}{\textless}p{\textgreater}The sample consisted of 788 pairs of twins aged 7 to 15 years, randomly selected from the pool of participants in a large epidemiologic study (the Missouri Twin Study). One parent of each pair of twins completed the Social Responsiveness Scale on each child. The data were subjected to structural equation modeling.{\textless}/p{\textgreater}{\textless}h3{\textgreater}Results{\textless}/h3{\textgreater}{\textless}p{\textgreater}Autistic traits as measured by the Social Responsiveness Scale were continuously distributed and moderately to highly heritable. Levels of severity of autistic traits at or above the previously published mean for patients with pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified were found in 1.4\% of boys and 0.3\% of girls. Structural equation modeling revealed no evidence for the existence of sex-specific genetic influences, and suggested specific mechanisms by which females may be relatively protected from vulnerability to autistic traits.{\textless}/p{\textgreater}{\textless}h3{\textgreater}Conclusions{\textless}/h3{\textgreater}{\textless}p{\textgreater}These data indicate that the social deficits characteristic of autism spectrum disorders are common. Given the continuous distribution of these traits, it may be arbitrary where cutoffs are made between research designations of being "affected" vs "unaffected" with a pervasive developmental disorder. The genes influencing autistic traits appear to be the same for boys and girls. Lower prevalence (and severity) of autistic traits in girls may be the result of increased sensitivity to early environmental influences that operate to promote social competency.{\textless}/p{\textgreater}},
	number = {5},
	urldate = {2021-09-24},
	journal = {Archives of General Psychiatry},
	author = {Constantino, John N. and Todd, Richard D.},
	month = may,
	year = {2003},
	note = {Publisher: American Medical Association},
	keywords = {autistic disorder, child, genetics, twins},
	pages = {524--530},
}

@article{ansermino_nonopioid_2003,
	title = {Nonopioid additives to local anaesthetics for caudal blockade in children: a systematic review},
	volume = {13},
	issn = {1155-5645},
	shorttitle = {Nonopioid additives to local anaesthetics for caudal blockade in children},
	abstract = {BACKGROUND

Caudal epidural injection with local anaesthetics is a popular regional technique used in infants and children. A disadvantage of caudal blockade is the relatively short duration of postoperative analgesia. Opioids have traditionally been added to increase the duration of analgesia but have been associated with unacceptable side-effects. A number of nonopioid additives have been suggested to increase the duration of analgesia.


METHODS

A systematic review was conducted to identify randomized control trials comparing the use of local anaesthetic to local anaesthetic with nonopioid additives for caudal blockade in children. The increase in duration of analgesia and side-effects were compared.


RESULTS

The addition of clonidine to the local anaesthetic solution produces an increase in the duration of analgesia following caudal blockade in children (pooled weighted mean difference of 145 min with 95\% confidence interval of 132-157 min). Side-effects include sedation and the potential for neonatal respiratory depression. Ketamine and midazolam further increase the duration of analgesia, however, the potential for neurotoxicity remains a concern.


CONCLUSION

The evidence examined shows an increased duration of analgesia with clonidine, ketamine and midazolam. However, we are not convinced that the routine use of these adjuvants in the setting of elective outpatient surgery shows improved patient outcome. It is unclear if the potential for neurotoxicity is outweighed by clinical benefits. Further testing, including large clinical trials, is required before recommending routine use of nonopioid additives for caudal blockade in children.},
	number = {7},
	journal = {Paediatric anaesthesia},
	author = {Ansermino, Mark and Basu, Rahul and Vandebeek, Christine and Montgomery, Carolyne},
	month = sep,
	year = {2003},
	pmid = {12950855},
	keywords = {Analgesics, Non-Narcotic, Anesthesia, Caudal, Anesthetics, Local, Child, Child, Preschool, Humans, Pain, Postoperative, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic},
	pages = {561--573}
}

@article{jick_epidemiology_2003,
	title = {Epidemiology and possible causes of autism},
	volume = {23},
	issn = {0277-0008},
	abstract = {OBJECTIVES: To review the recent literature on possible causes of the increase in frequency of diagnosed autism reported from three countries, and to compare the medical diagnoses and drug therapy from a new series of autistic boys and their mothers with that of comparable nonautistic boys and their mothers.
DESIGN: Case-control evaluation.
PARTICIPANTS: Members of over 250 general practices in the United Kingdom.
MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Frequency of exposure to drugs and presence of preexisting clinical illnesses in autistic children and their mothers were compared with nonautistic children and their mothers over time. According to published studies, the incidence of boys diagnosed with autism rose dramatically in the 1990s. Numerous published studies have concluded that the measles-mumps-rubella vaccine is not responsible for the large rise in diagnosed autism. In our study, boys diagnosed with autism had medical and drug histories, such as vaccines, before diagnosis, that were closely similar to those of nonautistic boys, except that developmental and sensory disorders were far more common in autistic boys. No material differences during pregnancy were found between the mothers of autistic boys and those of nonautistic boys in relation to illness or drug therapy. In the early 1990s, boys with diagnosed developmental disorders were infrequently diagnosed with autism. In the later 1990s, such boys more often were diagnosed with autism.
CONCLUSION: A major cause of the recent large increase in the number of boys diagnosed with autism probably is due to changing diagnostic practices.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {12},
	journal = {Pharmacotherapy},
	author = {Jick, Hershel and Kaye, James A.},
	month = dec,
	year = {2003},
	pmid = {14695031},
	keywords = {Autistic Disorder, Case-Control Studies, Child, Preschool, Epidemiologic Methods, Female, Humans, Male, Measles-Mumps-Rubella Vaccine, Pregnancy Complications, Retrospective Studies, pregnancy},
	pages = {1524--1530}
}

Paper  abstract   bibtex   

@article{aman_methylphenidate_2003,
	title = {Methylphenidate treatment in children with borderline {IQ} and mental retardation: analysis of three aggregated studies},
	volume = {13},
	issn = {1044-5463},
	url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12804124},
	abstract = {To determine response of low-IQ children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms to methylphenidate (MPH).},
	number = {1},
	urldate = {2012-07-23},
	journal = {Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology},
	author = {Aman, Michael G and Buican, Brett and Arnold, L. Eugene},
	month = jan,
	year = {2003},
	keywords = {Adolescent, Adolescent Behavior, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity: com, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity: dru, Central Nervous System Stimulants, Central Nervous System Stimulants: therapeutic use, Child, Child Behavior, Female, Humans, Intellectual Disability, Intellectual Disability: complications, Intellectual Disability: drug therapy, Intelligence Tests, Male, Methylphenidate, Methylphenidate: therapeutic use, Preschool, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Psychomotor Performance, Treatment Outcome},
	pages = {29--40},
}

@article{Weber2002,
  title = {Building an Asynchronous Web-Based Tool for Machine Learning Classification.},
  author = {Weber, Griffin and Vinterbo, Staal and {Ohno-Machado}, Lucila},
  year = {2002},
  journal = {JAMIA},
  volume = {Suppl. S},
  pages = {869--73},
  abstract = {Various unsupervised and supervised learning methods including support vector machines, classification trees, linear discriminant analysis and nearest neighbor classifiers have been used to classify high-throughput gene expression data. Simpler and more widely accepted statistical tools have not yet been used for this purpose, hence proper comparisons between classification methods have not been conducted. We developed free software that implements logistic regression with stepwise variable selection as a quick and simple method for initial exploration of important genetic markers in disease classification. To implement the algorithm and allow our collaborators in remote locations to evaluate and compare its results against those of other methods, we developed a user-friendly asynchronous web-based application with a minimal amount of programming using free, downloadable software tools. With this program, we show that classification using logistic regression can perform as well as other more sophisticated algorithms, and it has the advantages of being easy to interpret and reproduce. By making the tool freely and easily available, we hope to promote the comparison of classification methods. In addition, we believe our web application can be used as a model for other bioinformatics laboratories that need to develop web-based analysis tools in a short amount of time and on a limited budget.},
  copyright = {All rights reserved},
  pii = {D020001919},
  pubmedid = {12463949},
  keywords = {12463949,Algorithms,Anonymous Testing,Artificial Intelligence,Carcinoma,Child,Comparative Study,Computerized,Confidentiality,Databases,Diagnosis,Differential,Disclosure,DNA,Gene Expression,Gene Expression Profiling,Gene Expression Regulation,Genetic Markers,Humans,Internet,Logistic Models,Lung Neoplasms,Medical Records Systems,Multivariate Analysis,Neoplasm,Neoplasms,Neoplastic,Neural Networks (Computer),Non-U.S. Gov't,Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis,P.H.S.,Privacy,Research Support,Rhabdomyosarcoma,Sarcoma,Small Cell,Software,U.S. Gov't},
  file = {/Users/staal/Documents/Zotero/storage/26TPF5RW/amia02-weber.pdf;/Users/staal/Documents/Zotero/storage/FRPABBPG/amia02-weber.pdf;/Users/staal/Documents/Zotero/storage/GME7HZA7/amia02-weber.pdf}
}

Paper  abstract   bibtex   

@article{truby_development_2002,
	title = {Development of the {Children}'s {Body} {Image} {Scale}},
	volume = {41},
	issn = {0144-6657},
	url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12034005},
	abstract = {OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to develop a gender-appropriate pictorial scale to measure body image in young children based on a measurable index of adiposity. METHOD: Pictorial scales for boys and girls containing seven body pictures representing standard percentile curves for body mass index (BMI) for healthy children were developed. The Children's Body Image Scale (CBIS) was administered to 312 children aged between 7 and 12 years. RESULTS: Accuracy of body size perception, indicated by the correlation between actual and perceived BMI category figure, developed with age, girls acquiring accuracy earlier than boys. Whereas girls developed a good accuracy (r =.60, p {\textless}.001, 10-12 years), in boys, the correlation, though significant, was not strong (r =.35, p {\textless}.01, 10-12 years). There was a consistent bias towards underestimation of body size using this technique. There was a high frequency of body size dissatisfaction across all the age ranges, 48\% girls and 36\% boys wished to have a smaller body figure than their own, and only 10\% of girls and 20\% boys wished to have a larger body figure. Construct validity was assessed in a subset of 153 children in which additional measures of restrained eating (DEBQ-R) and body esteem were available. From the age of 8 years, the CBIS provides a good measure of body dissatisfaction. CONCLUSIONS: The CBIS provides a good measure of body size perception in girls and an adequate measure in boys aged 8 years and older. It also provides a good measure of body size dissatisfaction in children. Internalization of a thin body ideal takes place at a young age, many children desiring a BMI below the average norm.},
	number = {Pt 2},
	urldate = {2010-08-22},
	journal = {The British Journal of Clinical Psychology / the British Psychological Society},
	author = {Truby, Helen and Paxton, Susan J},
	month = jun,
	year = {2002},
	pmid = {12034005},
	keywords = {Body Constitution, Body Image, Body Mass Index, Child, Female, Gender Identity, Humans, Male, Personality Assessment, Personality Development, Socioeconomic Factors, bra-us-obesity-kids},
	pages = {185--203},
}

@article{Ohno-Machado2002,
  title = {Comparing Imperfect Measurements with the {{Bland-Altman}} Technique: Application in Gene Expression Analysis.},
  author = {{Ohno-Machado}, Lucila and Vinterbo, Staal and Dreiseitl, Stephen and Jenssen, Tor-Kristian and Kuo, Winston},
  year = {2002},
  journal = {JAMIA},
  volume = {Suppl. S},
  pages = {572--6},
  abstract = {Several problems in medicine and biology involve the comparison of two measurements made on the same set of cases. The problem differs from a calibration problem because no gold standard can be identified. Testing the null hypothesis of no relationship using measures of association is not optimal since the measurements are made on the same cases, and therefore correlation coefficients will tend to be significant. The descriptive Bland-Altman method can be used in exploratory analysis of this problem, allowing the visualization of gross systematic differences between the two sets of measurements. We utilize the method on three sets of matched observations and demonstrate its usefulness in detecting systematic variations between two measurement technologies to assess gene expression.},
  copyright = {All rights reserved},
  pii = {1833},
  pubmedid = {12463888},
  keywords = {12463888,Algorithms,Anonymous Testing,Artificial Intelligence,Bias (Epidemiology),Carcinoma,Child,Comparative Study,Computational Biology,Computerized,Confidentiality,Data Interpretation,Databases,Diagnosis,Differential,Disclosure,DNA,Gene Expression,Gene Expression Profiling,Gene Expression Regulation,Genetic Markers,Humans,Internet,Logistic Models,Lung Neoplasms,Medical Records Systems,Messenger,Multivariate Analysis,Neoplasm,Neoplasms,Neoplastic,Neural Networks (Computer),Non-U.S. Gov't,Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis,P.H.S.,Privacy,Research Support,Rhabdomyosarcoma,RNA,Sarcoma,Small Cell,Software,Statistical,U.S. Gov't}
}

Paper  doi  abstract   bibtex   

@article{geller_dsm-iv_2002,
	title = {{DSM}-{IV} mania symptoms in a prepubertal and early adolescent bipolar disorder phenotype compared to attention-deficit hyperactive and normal controls.},
	volume = {12},
	issn = {1044-5463},
	url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12014591},
	doi = {10.1089/10445460252943533},
	abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To compare the prevalence of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th edition (DSM-IV) mania symptoms in a prepubertal and early adolescent bipolar disorder phenotype (PEA-BP) to those with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and normal community controls (CC).

METHODS: To optimize generalizeability, subjects with PEA-BP and ADHD were consecutively ascertained from outpatient pediatric and psychiatric sites, and CC subjects were obtained from a random survey. All 268 subjects (93 with PEA-BP, 81 with ADHD, and 94 CC) received comprehensive, blind, baseline research assessments of mothers about their children and of children about themselves. PEA-BP was defined by DSM-IV mania with elation and/or grandiosity as one criterion to ensure that subjects had one of the two cardinal symptoms of mania and to avoid diagnosing mania only by criteria that overlapped with those for ADHD.

RESULTS: Five symptoms (i.e., elation, grandiosity, flight of ideas/racing thoughts, decreased need for sleep, and hypersexuality) provided the best discrimination of PEA-BP subjects from ADHD and CC controls. These five symptoms are also mania-specific in DSM-IV (i.e., they do not overlap with DSM-IV symptoms for ADHD). Irritability, hyperactivity, accelerated speech, and distractibility were very frequent in both PEA-BP and ADHD groups and therefore were not useful for differential diagnosis. Concurrent elation and irritability occurred in 87.1\% of subjects with PEA-BP. Data on suicidality, psychosis, mixed mania, and continuous rapid cycling were also provided.

CONCLUSION: Unlike late teenage/adult onset bipolar disorder, even subjects with PEA-BP selected for DSM-IV mania with cardinal symptoms have high rates of comorbid DSM-IV ADHD. High rates of concurrent elation and irritability were similar to those in adult mania.},
	number = {1},
	urldate = {2015-05-23},
	journal = {Journal of child and adolescent psychopharmacology},
	author = {Geller, Barbara and Zimerman, Betsy and Williams, Marlene and Delbello, Melissa P and Bolhofner, Kristine and Craney, James L and Frazier, Jeanne and Beringer, Linda and Nickelsburg, Michael J},
	month = jan,
	year = {2002},
	pmid = {12014591},
	keywords = {Adolescent, Age Factors, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity: cla, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity: com, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity: gen, Bipolar Disorder, Bipolar Disorder: classification, Bipolar Disorder: complications, Bipolar Disorder: genetics, Child, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disord, Disorders of Excessive Somnolence, Disorders of Excessive Somnolence: classification, Disorders of Excessive Somnolence: etiology, Disorders of Excessive Somnolence: genetics, Female, Humans, Male, Mental Disorders, Mental Disorders: classification, Mental Disorders: etiology, Mental Disorders: genetics, Mood Disorders, Mood Disorders: classification, Mood Disorders: etiology, Mood Disorders: genetics, Phenotype, Reference Values, Sexuality, Sexuality: classification},
	pages = {11--25},
}

Paper  abstract   bibtex   

@article{biederman_impact_2002,
	title = {Impact of exposure to parental attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder on clinical features and dysfunction in the offspring.},
	volume = {32},
	issn = {0033-2917},
	url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12171376},
	abstract = {Although genes are known to influence the aetiology of ADHD, the impact of exposure to parental ADHD has received limited scientific scrutiny. This study investigated the impact of exposure to parental ADHD on clinical features and dysfunction in offspring.},
	number = {5},
	journal = {Psychological medicine},
	author = {Biederman, J and Faraone, S V and Monuteaux, M C},
	month = jul,
	year = {2002},
	pmid = {12171376},
	keywords = {Adolescent, Adult, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity: gen, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity: psy, Case-Control Studies, Child, Child of Impaired Parents, Child of Impaired Parents: psychology, Educational Status, Female, Humans, Male, Personality Development, Risk, Social Environment},
	pages = {817--27},
}

@article{coleman_endemic_2001,
	title = {Endemic stability--a veterinary idea applied to human public health.},
	volume = {357},
	issn = {0140-6736 0140-6736},
	abstract = {Endemic stability is an epidemiological state of a population, in which clinical  disease is scarce despite high level of infection. The notion was developed to describe patterns of tick-borne disease in cattle. However, we propose a general  model of endemic stability that is applicable to a broader range of diseases that are important in public health, including malaria, rubella, and mumps. We postulate that endemic stability requires only that (1) the probability, or severity, of clinical disease after infection increases with age, and (2) after one infection, the probability that subsequent infections result in disease is reduced. We present these criteria in simple mathematical terms. Our hypothesis predicts that partial disease control activities might, under certain circumstances, lead to an increase in disease incidence. We discuss the implications for public health interventions.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {9264},
	journal = {Lancet (London, England)},
	author = {Coleman, P. G. and Perry, B. D. and Woolhouse, M. E.},
	month = apr,
	year = {2001},
	pmid = {11418173},
	keywords = {*Endemic Diseases, *Epidemiologic Methods, *Models, Theoretical, *Public Health, Age Distribution, Animals, Child, Preschool, Communicable Diseases/*epidemiology/etiology, Humans, Incidence, Infant, Infant, Newborn},
	pages = {1284--1286}
}

Paper  abstract   bibtex   

@article{kadesjo_comorbidity_2001,
	title = {The comorbidity of {ADHD} in the general population of {Swedish} school-age children.},
	volume = {42},
	issn = {0021-9630},
	url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11383964},
	abstract = {This study examined patterns of comorbid/associated diagnoses and associated problems in a population sample of children with and without DSM-III-R attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Half (N = 409) of a mainstream school population of Swedish 7-year-olds were clinically examined, and parents and teachers were interviewed and completed questionnaires. The children were followed up 2-4 years later. Eighty-seven per cent of children meeting full criteria for ADHD (N = 15) had one or more and 67\% at least two--comorbid diagnoses. The most common comorbidities were oppositional defiant disorder and developmental coordination disorder. Children with subthreshold ADHD (N = 42) also had very high rates of comorbid diagnoses (71\% and 36\%), whereas those without ADHD (N = 352) had much lower rates (17\% and 3\%). The rate of associated school adjustment, learning, and behaviour problems at follow-up was very high in the ADHD groups. We concluded that pure ADHD is rare even in a general population sample. Thus, studies reporting on ADHD cases without comorbidity probably refer to highly atypical samples. By and large, such studies cannot inform rational clinical decisions.},
	number = {4},
	urldate = {2015-05-06},
	journal = {Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines},
	author = {Kadesjö, B and Gillberg, C},
	month = may,
	year = {2001},
	pmid = {11383964},
	keywords = {Adaptation, Psychological, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity: com, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity: psy, Attention Deficit and Disruptive Behavior Disorder, Child, Comorbidity, Cross-Sectional Studies, Developmental Disabilities, Developmental Disabilities: etiology, Developmental Disabilities: psychology, Female, Humans, Learning Disorders, Male},
	pages = {487--92},
}

@Article{Wolff2001,
  author   = {C Wolff and E Schr\"oger},
  journal  = {Brain Res Cogn Brain Res},
  title    = {Activation of the auditory pre-attentive change detection system by tone repetitions with fast stimulation rate.},
  year     = {2001},
  number   = {3},
  pages    = {323-7},
  volume   = {10},
  abstract = {The human automatic pre-attentive change detection system indexed
	by the mismatch negativity (MMN) component of the auditory event-related
	brain potential is known to be highly adaptive. The present study
	showed that even infrequent repetitions of tones can elicit MMN,
	independently of attention, when tones of varying frequency are rapidly
	presented in an isochronous rhythm. This demonstrates that frequency
	variation can be extracted as an invariant feature of the acoustic
	environment revealing the capacity for adaptation of the auditory
	pre-attentive change detection system. It is argued that this capacity
	is related to the temporal-window of integration.},
  keywords = {Computing Methodologies, Human, Language, Learning, Mental Processes, Models, Theoretical, Stochastic Processes, Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S., Cognition, Linguistics, Neural Networks (Computer), Practice (Psychology), Non-U.S. Gov't, Memory, Psychological, Task Performance and Analysis, Time Factors, Visual Perception, Adult, Attention, Discrimination Learning, Female, Male, Short-Term, Mental Recall, Orientation, Pattern Recognition, Visual, Perceptual Masking, Reading, Concept Formation, Form Perception, Animals, Corpus Striatum, Shrews, P.H.S., Visual Cortex, Visual Pathways, Acoustic Stimulation, Auditory Cortex, Auditory Perception, Cochlea, Ear, Gerbillinae, Glycine, Hearing, Neurons, Space Perception, Strychnine, Adolescent, Decision Making, Reaction Time, Astrocytoma, Brain Mapping, Brain Neoplasms, Cerebral Cortex, Electric Stimulation, Electrophysiology, Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe, Evoked Potentials, Frontal Lobe, Noise, Parietal Lobe, Scalp, Child, Language Development, Psycholinguistics, Brain, Perception, Speech, Vocalization, Animal, Discrimination (Psychology), Hippocampus, Rats, Calcium, Chelating Agents, Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials, Glutamic Acid, Guanosine Diphosphate, In Vitro, Neuronal Plasticity, Pyramidal Cells, Receptors, AMPA, Metabotropic Glutamate, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate, Somatosensory Cortex, Synapses, Synaptic Transmission, Thionucleotides, Action Potentials, Calcium Channels, L-Type, Electric Conductivity, Entorhinal Cortex, Neurological, Long-Evans, Infant, Mathematics, Statistics, Probability Learning, Problem Solving, Psychophysics, Association Learning, Child Psychology, Habituation (Psychophysiology), Probability Theory, Analysis of Variance, Semantics, Symbolism, Behavior, Eye Movements, Macaca mulatta, Prefrontal Cortex, Cats, Dogs, Haplorhini, Photic Stimulation, Electroencephalography, Nervous System Physiology, Darkness, Grasshoppers, Light, Membrane Potentials, Neural Inhibition, Afferent, Picrotoxin, Vision, Deoxyglucose, Injections, Microspheres, Neural Pathways, Rhodamines, Choice Behavior, Speech Perception, Verbal Learning, Dominance, Cerebral, Fixation, Ocular, Language Tests, Random Allocation, Comparative Study, Saguinus, Sound Spectrography, Species Specificity, Audiometry, Auditory Threshold, Calibration, Data Interpretation, Statistical, Anesthesia, General, Electrodes, Implanted, Pitch Perception, Sound Localization, Paired-Associate Learning, Serial Learning, Auditory, Age Factors, Motion Perception, Brain Injuries, Computer Simulation, Blindness, Psychomotor Performance, Color Perception, Signal Detection (Psychology), Judgment, ROC Curve, Regression Analysis, Music, Probability, Arm, Cerebrovascular Disorders, Hemiplegia, Movement, Muscle, Skeletal, Myoclonus, Robotics, Magnetoencephalography, Phonetics, Software, Speech Production Measurement, Epilepsies, Partial, Laterality, Stereotaxic Techniques, Germany, Speech Acoustics, Verbal Behavior, Child Development, Instinct, Brain Stem, Coma, Diagnosis, Differential, Hearing Disorders, Hearing Loss, Central, Neuroma, Acoustic, Dendrites, Down-Regulation, Patch-Clamp Techniques, Wistar, Up-Regulation, Aged, Aphasia, Middle Aged, Cones (Retina), Primates, Retina, Retinal Ganglion Cells, Tympanic Membrane, Cell Communication, Extremities, Biological, Motor Activity, Rana catesbeiana, Spinal Cord, Central Nervous System, Motion, Motor Cortex, Intelligence, Macaca fascicularis, Adoption, Critical Period (Psychology), France, Korea, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Multilingualism, Auditory Pathways, Cochlear Nerve, Loudness Perception, Neural Conduction, Sensory Thresholds, Sound, Language Disorders, Preschool, Generalization (Psychology), Vocabulary, Biophysics, Nerve Net, Potassium Channels, Sodium Channels, Cues, Differential Threshold, Arousal, Newborn, Sucking Behavior, Ferrets, Microelectrodes, Gestalt Theory, Mathematical Computing, Perceptual Closure, Vestibulocochlear Nerve, Brain Damage, Chronic, Regional Blood Flow, Thinking, Tomography, Emission-Computed, Case-Control Studies, Multivariate Analysis, Artificial Intelligence, Depth Perception, Broca, Encephalitis, Herpes Simplex, Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery, X-Ray Computed, 11167055},
}

Website  abstract   bibtex   

@article{
 title = {Multivariate frailty model with a major gene: application to genealogical data},
 type = {article},
 year = {2000},
 identifiers = {[object Object]},
 keywords = {*Genetic Predisposition to Disease,*Models, Genetic,Adolescent,Adult,Alleles,Child,Child, Preschool,Female,Genotype,Humans,Infant,Infant, Newborn,Longevity/*genetics,Male,Mathematical Computing,Multivariate Analysis,Quebec,Risk,Software,Survival Analysis},
 pages = {412-416},
 volume = {77},
 websites = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=11187585},
 id = {23588418-0e3c-33dd-b0e4-fed475556b34},
 created = {2017-06-19T13:44:21.917Z},
 file_attached = {false},
 profile_id = {de68dde1-2ff3-3a4e-a214-ef424d0c7646},
 group_id = {b2078731-0913-33b9-8902-a53629a24e83},
 last_modified = {2017-06-19T13:44:22.080Z},
 read = {false},
 starred = {false},
 authored = {false},
 confirmed = {true},
 hidden = {false},
 source_type = {Journal Article},
 notes = {<m:note>0926-9630<m:linebreak/>Journal Article</m:note>},
 abstract = {Multivariate survival models are shown to be appropriate for the analysis of the genetic and the environmental nature of a human life-span. Models which involve continuously distributed individual frailty, play an important role in the genetic analysis of an individual's susceptibility to disease and death. These models, however, are not appropriate for the detection of the effects of separate genes on survival. For this purpose we developed a 'major gene' frailty model of multivariate survival and applied it to simulated and real pedigree data. The analysis shows that this model can be used for the detection of the presence of major genes in the population and for the evaluation of the effects of such genes on survival.},
 bibtype = {article},
 author = {Begun, A and Desjardins, B and Iachine, I and Yashin, A},
 journal = {Stud Health Technol Inform}
}

@Article{Thoroughman2000,
  author   = {KA Thoroughman and R Shadmehr},
  journal  = {Nature},
  title    = {Learning of action through adaptive combination of motor primitives.},
  year     = {2000},
  number   = {6805},
  pages    = {742-7},
  volume   = {407},
  abstract = {Understanding how the brain constructs movements remains a fundamental
	challenge in neuroscience. The brain may control complex movements
	through flexible combination of motor primitives, where each primitive
	is an element of computation in the sensorimotor map that transforms
	desired limb trajectories into motor commands. Theoretical studies
	have shown that a system's ability to learn action depends on the
	shape of its primitives. Using a time-series analysis of error patterns,
	here we show that humans learn the dynamics of reaching movements
	through a flexible combination of primitives that have gaussian-like
	tuning functions encoding hand velocity. The wide tuning of the inferred
	primitives predicts limitations on the brain's ability to represent
	viscous dynamics. We find close agreement between the predicted limitations
	and the subjects' adaptation to new force fields. The mathematical
	properties of the derived primitives resemble the tuning curves of
	Purkinje cells in the cerebellum. The activity of these cells may
	encode primitives that underlie the learning of dynamics.},
  doi      = {10.1038/35037588},
  keywords = {Computing Methodologies, Human, Language, Learning, Mental Processes, Models, Theoretical, Stochastic Processes, Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S., Cognition, Linguistics, Neural Networks (Computer), Practice (Psychology), Non-U.S. Gov't, Memory, Psychological, Task Performance and Analysis, Time Factors, Visual Perception, Adult, Attention, Discrimination Learning, Female, Male, Short-Term, Mental Recall, Orientation, Pattern Recognition, Visual, Perceptual Masking, Reading, Concept Formation, Form Perception, Animals, Corpus Striatum, Shrews, P.H.S., Visual Cortex, Visual Pathways, Acoustic Stimulation, Auditory Cortex, Auditory Perception, Cochlea, Ear, Gerbillinae, Glycine, Hearing, Neurons, Space Perception, Strychnine, Adolescent, Decision Making, Reaction Time, Astrocytoma, Brain Mapping, Brain Neoplasms, Cerebral Cortex, Electric Stimulation, Electrophysiology, Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe, Evoked Potentials, Frontal Lobe, Noise, Parietal Lobe, Scalp, Child, Language Development, Psycholinguistics, Brain, Perception, Speech, Vocalization, Animal, Discrimination (Psychology), Hippocampus, Rats, Calcium, Chelating Agents, Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials, Glutamic Acid, Guanosine Diphosphate, In Vitro, Neuronal Plasticity, Pyramidal Cells, Receptors, AMPA, Metabotropic Glutamate, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate, Somatosensory Cortex, Synapses, Synaptic Transmission, Thionucleotides, Action Potentials, Calcium Channels, L-Type, Electric Conductivity, Entorhinal Cortex, Neurological, Long-Evans, Infant, Mathematics, Statistics, Probability Learning, Problem Solving, Psychophysics, Association Learning, Child Psychology, Habituation (Psychophysiology), Probability Theory, Analysis of Variance, Semantics, Symbolism, Behavior, Eye Movements, Macaca mulatta, Prefrontal Cortex, Cats, Dogs, Haplorhini, Photic Stimulation, Electroencephalography, Nervous System Physiology, Darkness, Grasshoppers, Light, Membrane Potentials, Neural Inhibition, Afferent, Picrotoxin, Vision, Deoxyglucose, Injections, Microspheres, Neural Pathways, Rhodamines, Choice Behavior, Speech Perception, Verbal Learning, Dominance, Cerebral, Fixation, Ocular, Language Tests, Random Allocation, Comparative Study, Saguinus, Sound Spectrography, Species Specificity, Audiometry, Auditory Threshold, Calibration, Data Interpretation, Statistical, Anesthesia, General, Electrodes, Implanted, Pitch Perception, Sound Localization, Paired-Associate Learning, Serial Learning, Auditory, Age Factors, Motion Perception, Brain Injuries, Computer Simulation, Blindness, Psychomotor Performance, Color Perception, Signal Detection (Psychology), Judgment, ROC Curve, Regression Analysis, Music, Probability, Arm, Cerebrovascular Disorders, Hemiplegia, Movement, Muscle, Skeletal, Myoclonus, Robotics, Magnetoencephalography, Phonetics, Software, Speech Production Measurement, Epilepsies, Partial, Laterality, Stereotaxic Techniques, Germany, Speech Acoustics, Verbal Behavior, Child Development, Instinct, Brain Stem, Coma, Diagnosis, Differential, Hearing Disorders, Hearing Loss, Central, Neuroma, Acoustic, Dendrites, Down-Regulation, Patch-Clamp Techniques, Wistar, Up-Regulation, Aged, Aphasia, Middle Aged, Cones (Retina), Primates, Retina, Retinal Ganglion Cells, Tympanic Membrane, Cell Communication, Extremities, Biological, Motor Activity, Rana catesbeiana, Spinal Cord, Central Nervous System, Motion, Motor Cortex, Intelligence, Macaca fascicularis, Adoption, Critical Period (Psychology), France, Korea, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Multilingualism, Auditory Pathways, Cochlear Nerve, Loudness Perception, Neural Conduction, Sensory Thresholds, Sound, Language Disorders, Preschool, Generalization (Psychology), Vocabulary, Biophysics, Nerve Net, Potassium Channels, Sodium Channels, Cues, Differential Threshold, Arousal, Newborn, Sucking Behavior, Ferrets, Microelectrodes, Gestalt Theory, Mathematical Computing, Perceptual Closure, Vestibulocochlear Nerve, Brain Damage, Chronic, Regional Blood Flow, Thinking, Tomography, Emission-Computed, Case-Control Studies, Multivariate Analysis, Artificial Intelligence, Depth Perception, 11048700},
}

@article{
 title = {Visual-proprioceptive mapping in children with developmental coordination disorder},
 type = {article},
 year = {1999},
 identifiers = {[object Object]},
 keywords = {Case-Control Studies,Child,Female,Growth Disorders,Humans,Male,Motor Skills,Preschool,Proprioception,Vision,physiopathology,psychology},
 pages = {247-254},
 volume = {41},
 id = {2a1d6312-9620-3630-b63f-f17c2d8e07ef},
 created = {2016-01-12T14:17:48.000Z},
 file_attached = {false},
 profile_id = {d5b53108-91c5-30b8-8e6c-dd027f636bcd},
 last_modified = {2017-03-16T06:19:45.131Z},
 read = {false},
 starred = {false},
 authored = {true},
 confirmed = {true},
 hidden = {false},
 abstract = {Developmental coordination disorder (DCD) occurs in a small but significant proportion of children who present with impaired body-eye coordination and show poor acquisition of motor skills. This study investigated the visual-proprioceptive mapping ability of children with DCD from a small selected group, with particular reference to the use of vision in matching tasks. The children with DCD in this study were significantly poorer than control children on all matching tasks. They seemed to have particular difficulty in cross-modal judgements that required the use of visual information to guide proprioceptive judgements of limb position. A distinction is drawn between tasks that can be achieved purely through sensory matching and those that require body-centred spatial judgements, suggesting that it is the latter that posits a particular difficulty for children with DCD},
 bibtype = {article},
 author = {Mon-Williams, M A and Wann, J P and Pascal, E},
 journal = {Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology},
 number = {4}
}

Paper  doi  abstract   bibtex   

@article{loeffelholz_comparison_1999,
	title = {Comparison of {PCR}, culture, and direct fluorescent-antibody testing for detection of {Bordetella} pertussis},
	volume = {37},
	issn = {0095-1137},
	url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10449467},
	doi = {10449467},
	abstract = {We prospectively compared the performance of culture, direct fluorescent-antibody testing (DFA), and an in-house-developed PCR test targeting the repeated insertion sequence IS481 for the detection of Bordetella pertussis in nasopharyngeal swab specimens. We tested 319 consecutive paired specimens on which all three tests were performed. A total of 59 specimens were positive by one or more tests. Of these, 5 were positive by all three tests, 2 were positive by culture and PCR, 16 were positive by PCR and DFA, 28 were positive by PCR only, and 8 were positive by DFA only. Any specimen positive by culture was considered to be a true positive, as were specimens positive by both PCR and DFA. Specimens positive only by PCR or DFA were considered discrepant, and their status was resolved by review of patient histories. Patients with symptoms meeting the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention clinical case definition for pertussis and who had a specimen positive by PCR or DFA were considered to have true B. pertussis infections. Of the 28 patients positive by PCR only, 20 met the clinical case definition for pertussis, while 3 of the 8 patients positive by DFA only met the clinical case definition. After resolution of the status of discrepant specimens, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value were 15.2, 100, 100, and 87.5\%, respectively, for culture; 93.5, 97.1, 84.3, and 98.9\%, respectively, for PCR; and 52.2, 98.2, 82.8, and 92.4\%, respectively, for DFA. The actual positive predictive value of PCR was probably greater, as several PCR-positive patients who did not meet the clinical case definition had symptoms consistent with typical or atypical pertussis. PCR is a sensitive and specific method for the detection of B. pertussis.},
	number = {9},
	urldate = {2008-10-01},
	journal = {Journal of Clinical Microbiology},
	author = {Loeffelholz, M J and Thompson, C J and Long, K S and Gilchrist, M J},
	month = sep,
	year = {1999},
	pmid = {10449467},
	keywords = {Adult, Bordetella pertussis, Child, Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Direct, Humans, Nasopharynx, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Prospective Studies, Sensitivity and Specificity},
	pages = {2872--6},
}

@Article{Eimas1999,
  author   = {PD Eimas},
  journal  = {Science},
  title    = {Do infants learn grammar with algebra or statistics?},
  year     = {1999},
  number   = {5413},
  pages    = {435-6; author reply 436-7},
  volume   = {284},
  keywords = {Computing Methodologies, Human, Language, Learning, Mental Processes, Models, Theoretical, Stochastic Processes, Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S., Cognition, Linguistics, Neural Networks (Computer), Practice (Psychology), Non-U.S. Gov't, Memory, Psychological, Task Performance and Analysis, Time Factors, Visual Perception, Adult, Attention, Discrimination Learning, Female, Male, Short-Term, Mental Recall, Orientation, Pattern Recognition, Visual, Perceptual Masking, Reading, Concept Formation, Form Perception, Animals, Corpus Striatum, Shrews, P.H.S., Visual Cortex, Visual Pathways, Acoustic Stimulation, Auditory Cortex, Auditory Perception, Cochlea, Ear, Gerbillinae, Glycine, Hearing, Neurons, Space Perception, Strychnine, Adolescent, Decision Making, Reaction Time, Astrocytoma, Brain Mapping, Brain Neoplasms, Cerebral Cortex, Electric Stimulation, Electrophysiology, Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe, Evoked Potentials, Frontal Lobe, Noise, Parietal Lobe, Scalp, Child, Language Development, Psycholinguistics, Brain, Perception, Speech, Vocalization, Animal, Discrimination (Psychology), Hippocampus, Rats, Calcium, Chelating Agents, Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials, Glutamic Acid, Guanosine Diphosphate, In Vitro, Neuronal Plasticity, Pyramidal Cells, Receptors, AMPA, Metabotropic Glutamate, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate, Somatosensory Cortex, Synapses, Synaptic Transmission, Thionucleotides, Action Potentials, Calcium Channels, L-Type, Electric Conductivity, Entorhinal Cortex, Neurological, Long-Evans, Infant, Mathematics, Statistics, 9872745},
}

Website  abstract   bibtex   

@article{
 title = {Asthma on Tristan da Cunha: looking for the genetic link. The University of Toronto Genetics of Asthma Research Group},
 type = {article},
 year = {1996},
 identifiers = {[object Object]},
 keywords = {Adolescent,Adult,Age Distribution,Aged,Aged, 80 and over,Allergens/diagnostic use,Asthma/epidemiology/*genetics,Atlantic Ocean,Bronchoconstrictor Agents/diagnostic use,Child,Child, Preschool,Consanguinity,Female,Forced Expiratory Volume,Founder Effect,Humans,Linkage (Genetics),Male,Methacholine Chloride/diagnostic use,Middle Aged,Prevalence,Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't,Sex Distribution,Skin Tests},
 pages = {1902-1906},
 volume = {153},
 websites = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=8665053},
 id = {ba377ad3-36ac-3937-b8d3-44f6b08c99e3},
 created = {2017-06-19T13:44:45.103Z},
 file_attached = {false},
 profile_id = {de68dde1-2ff3-3a4e-a214-ef424d0c7646},
 group_id = {b2078731-0913-33b9-8902-a53629a24e83},
 last_modified = {2017-06-19T13:44:45.287Z},
 read = {false},
 starred = {false},
 authored = {false},
 confirmed = {true},
 hidden = {false},
 source_type = {Journal Article},
 notes = {<m:note>1073-449x<m:linebreak/>Journal Article</m:note>},
 abstract = {Although asthma has a significant heritable component, the mode of inheritance remains controversial because of the complexity of the disease and the influence of environmental factors. Isolated, inbred populations serve to reduce variability, thus increasing the probability of gene localization. We studied the inbred population of the remote island of Tristan da Cunha to document asthma prevalence for the purpose of genetic linkage analysis. Medical histories and skin atopy were determined on 282 islanders, representing 97% of the population, and airway responsiveness was measured in 254; 226 by methacholine challenge (tidal breathing method) and 28 by bronchodilator response (400 micrograms salbutamol aerosol). Blood samples were collected from 275 islanders. Participants ranged in age from 3 to 94 yr. Asthma was defined as increased airway responsiveness (AR+: PC20 < 4 mg/ml or > or = 15% increase in FEV1 postbronchodilator) combined with a positive history (Hx+). Fifty-seven percent of the islanders had at least partial evidence of asthma (Hx+ and/or AR+) and 23% had a definitive diagnosis of asthma (AR+ with Hx+). Overall 47% of the population were atopic, atopy was proportionally higher in asthmatics (74%) than nonasthmatics (32%; p < 0.01). Analysis of the methacholine dose-response curves demonstrated that asthmatics were significantly (p < 0.01) more responsive than those with AR+ only, and nonasthmatics (AR-, Hx-) were more responsive than laboratory control subjects (p < 0.05), suggesting that these islanders may also carry an airway hyperresponsiveness gene. A frequency plot of the percent fall in FEV1 for all Hx- subjects compared with control data suggests a bimodal distribution consistent with a major gene mechanism for airway responsiveness. Genealogy mapping revealed that the islanders are direct descendants of the 15 original settlers, and historical records suggest at least two founders may have been asthmatic. The data confirm previous reports of a high asthma prevalence on Tristan and support the postulate that this prevalence is a result of gene enrichment occurring in isolated populations by virtue of extensive inbreeding and a probable founder effect.},
 bibtype = {article},
 author = {Zamel, N and McClean, P A and Sandell, P R and Siminovitch, K A and Slutsky, A S},
 journal = {Am J Respir Crit Care Med},
 number = {6 Pt 1}
}

@Article{Kitzes1996,
  author   = {LM Kitzes and GS Hollrigel},
  journal  = {Hear Res},
  title    = {Response properties of units in the posterior auditory field deprived of input from the ipsilateral primary auditory cortex.},
  year     = {1996},
  note     = {as cited in \citeNP{Heil1998}},
  number   = {1-2},
  pages    = {120-30},
  volume   = {100},
  abstract = {The influence of the ipsilateral primary auditory field (AI) on the
	response properties of neurons in the posterior auditory field (Field
	P) was examined in three cats anesthetized with sodium pentobarbital.
	Rate/level functions were obtained, by extracellular recording, from
	single units in Field P before (n = 38) and after (n = 50) subpial
	aspiration of AI. The ablations were primarily confined to the medial
	ectosylvian gyrus, although in one case extended into the high-frequency
	portion of the anterior auditory field. Comparisons between the behavior
	of units isolated before and after AI ablation failed to demonstrate
	any changes in the response properties of neurons in Field P attributable
	to the ablation. Nonmonotonic response profiles, first spike latency,
	variability in latency, threshold and maximal discharge rates of
	the units to acoustic stimuli were not significantly altered by the
	AI ablation. These results indicate that the basic response properties
	of neurons in Field P do not depend on input from the ipsilateral
	AI. This suggests that these properties are most likely determined
	by thalamic input or by circuitry within Field P.},
  keywords = {Computing Methodologies, Human, Language, Learning, Mental Processes, Models, Theoretical, Stochastic Processes, Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S., Cognition, Linguistics, Neural Networks (Computer), Practice (Psychology), Non-U.S. Gov't, Memory, Psychological, Task Performance and Analysis, Time Factors, Visual Perception, Adult, Attention, Discrimination Learning, Female, Male, Short-Term, Mental Recall, Orientation, Pattern Recognition, Visual, Perceptual Masking, Reading, Concept Formation, Form Perception, Animals, Corpus Striatum, Shrews, P.H.S., Visual Cortex, Visual Pathways, Acoustic Stimulation, Auditory Cortex, Auditory Perception, Cochlea, Ear, Gerbillinae, Glycine, Hearing, Neurons, Space Perception, Strychnine, Adolescent, Decision Making, Reaction Time, Astrocytoma, Brain Mapping, Brain Neoplasms, Cerebral Cortex, Electric Stimulation, Electrophysiology, Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe, Evoked Potentials, Frontal Lobe, Noise, Parietal Lobe, Scalp, Child, Language Development, Psycholinguistics, Brain, Perception, Speech, Vocalization, Animal, Discrimination (Psychology), Hippocampus, Rats, Calcium, Chelating Agents, Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials, Glutamic Acid, Guanosine Diphosphate, In Vitro, Neuronal Plasticity, Pyramidal Cells, Receptors, AMPA, Metabotropic Glutamate, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate, Somatosensory Cortex, Synapses, Synaptic Transmission, Thionucleotides, Action Potentials, Calcium Channels, L-Type, Electric Conductivity, Entorhinal Cortex, Neurological, Long-Evans, Infant, Mathematics, Statistics, Probability Learning, Problem Solving, Psychophysics, Association Learning, Child Psychology, Habituation (Psychophysiology), Probability Theory, Analysis of Variance, Semantics, Symbolism, Behavior, Eye Movements, Macaca mulatta, Prefrontal Cortex, Cats, Dogs, Haplorhini, Photic Stimulation, Electroencephalography, Nervous System Physiology, Darkness, Grasshoppers, Light, Membrane Potentials, Neural Inhibition, Afferent, Picrotoxin, Vision, Deoxyglucose, Injections, Microspheres, Neural Pathways, Rhodamines, Choice Behavior, Speech Perception, Verbal Learning, Dominance, Cerebral, Fixation, Ocular, Language Tests, Random Allocation, Comparative Study, Saguinus, Sound Spectrography, Species Specificity, Audiometry, Auditory Threshold, Calibration, Data Interpretation, Statistical, Anesthesia, General, Electrodes, Implanted, Pitch Perception, Sound Localization, Paired-Associate Learning, Serial Learning, Auditory, Age Factors, Motion Perception, Brain Injuries, Computer Simulation, Blindness, Psychomotor Performance, Color Perception, Signal Detection (Psychology), Judgment, ROC Curve, Regression Analysis, 8922986},
}

Paper  abstract   bibtex   

@article{
 title = {Intramedullary spinal cord ependymomas--a study of 45 cases with long-term follow-up.},
 type = {article},
 year = {1992},
 identifiers = {[object Object]},
 keywords = {Adolescent,Adult,Aged,Child,Child, Preschool,Combined Modality Therapy,Ependymoma,Ependymoma: diagnosis,Ependymoma: radiotherapy,Ependymoma: surgery,Female,Follow-Up Studies,Humans,Magnetic Resonance Imaging,Male,Middle Aged,Neoplasm Recurrence, Local,Neoplasm Recurrence, Local: diagnosis,Neoplasm Recurrence, Local: radiotherapy,Neoplasm Recurrence, Local: surgery,Neurologic Examination,Reoperation,Retrospective Studies,Spinal Cord Neoplasms,Spinal Cord Neoplasms: diagnosis,Spinal Cord Neoplasms: radiotherapy,Spinal Cord Neoplasms: surgery},
 pages = {74-9},
 volume = {119},
 websites = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1481757},
 month = {1},
 id = {08111960-a49a-3d5e-890c-10bb4dbadd57},
 created = {2013-09-04T15:14:24.000Z},
 file_attached = {true},
 profile_id = {8c4ca2d5-86de-3b5d-86be-8408415f34e0},
 group_id = {a484ae4c-fcac-3c7e-9ac3-3fad0df719a2},
 last_modified = {2014-11-22T16:36:55.000Z},
 read = {false},
 starred = {false},
 authored = {false},
 confirmed = {true},
 hidden = {false},
 abstract = {Of the 62 patients with intramedullary spinal cord ependymoma treated surgically at our Neurosurgery Division between January 1951 and December 1990 45 had a follow-up of at least 3 years and the longest 30 years. The 28 conus-cauda equina-filum ependymomas operated during the same period are not considered in this study. An analysis of our cases and of the larger published series shows that favourable prognostic factors, apart of course from total tumour removal, which is now usually possible, are a site below the high cervical segments and a mild pre-operative symptom pattern. Patient age at diagnosis, tumour size and "low dose" (< 40 Gy) radiotherapy seem to have no influence on the prognosis. Aggressive surgical removal is the treatment of choice and also for long-term recurrence.},
 bibtype = {article},
 author = {Ferrante, L and Mastronardi, L and Celli, P and Lunardi, P and Acqui, M and Fortuna, a},
 journal = {Acta Neurochirurgica},
 number = {1-4}
}

Paper  abstract   bibtex   

@article{taylor_conduct_1986,
	title = {Conduct disorder and hyperactivity: {II}. {A} cluster analytic approach to the identification of a behavioural syndrome.},
	volume = {149},
	issn = {0007-1250},
	url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3790876},
	abstract = {Sixty boys, aged from 6 to 10 years, were studied after their referral to psychiatric clinics for antisocial or disruptive behaviour. Their scores on reliable measures of hyperactivity, defiant behaviour, emotional disorder and attention deficit were taken for the home, school and clinic settings; and subjected to two techniques of cluster analysis. Both gave a similar set of clusters, one of which had high scores on all measures of hyperactivity and attention deficit. Membership of this cluster was associated with a lower IQ, a younger age of problem onset and referral, an abnormal neurological examination, a history of developmental delay, smaller family size, poor peer relationships and a high rate of accidental injuries; and it predicted a good response to stimulant medication in a controlled trial. Other research on the classification of hyperactivity is discussed, and proposals are made for the criteria of a rather narrow definition of 'hyperkinetic conduct disorder'.},
	urldate = {2012-07-23},
	journal = {The British journal of psychiatry : the journal of mental science},
	author = {Taylor, Eric and Everitt, B and Thorley, G and Schachar, R and Rutter, M and Wieselberg, M},
	month = dec,
	year = {1986},
	keywords = {Antisocial Personality Disorder, Antisocial Personality Disorder: diagnosis, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity: dia, Child, Child Behavior Disorders, Child Behavior Disorders: classification, Child Behavior Disorders: diagnosis, Diagnosis, Differential, Humans, Hyperkinesis, Hyperkinesis: classification, Hyperkinesis: diagnosis, Male, Methods, Psychological Tests},
	pages = {768--77},
}

@Article{Phillips1985,
  author   = {DP Phillips and JR Mendelson and MS Cynader and RM Douglas},
  journal  = {Exp Brain Res},
  title    = {Responses of single neurones in cat auditory cortex to time-varying stimuli: {F}requency-modulated tones of narrow excursion.},
  year     = {1985},
  number   = {3},
  pages    = {443-54},
  volume   = {58},
  abstract = {In the primary auditory cortex of cats anaesthetized with nitrous
	oxide, single neurones were examined with respect to their responses
	to tone bursts and linear modulations of the frequency of an on-going
	continuous tone. Using FM ramps of 2.0 kHz excursion and varying
	centre frequency, each of 39 neurones was examined for its preference
	for the direction of frequency change of a ramp whose centre frequency
	was varied in and around the neurone's response area. Direction preference
	was strictly associated with the slopes of the cell's spike count-versus-frequency
	function over the frequency range covered by the ramp. Preferences
	for upward- and downward-directed ramps were associated with the
	low- and high-frequency slopes of the spike count function, respectively.
	The strength of the cell's direction preference was associated with
	the relative steepness of the spike count function over the frequency
	range covered by the ramp. The timing of discharges elicited by the
	frequency modulations was found to be the sum of the cell's latent
	period for tone bursts plus the time after ramp onset that the stimulus
	frequency fell within the neurone's response area. The implications
	of these data for the processing of narrow and broad frequency-modulated
	ramps are discussed.},
  keywords = {Computing Methodologies, Human, Language, Learning, Mental Processes, Models, Theoretical, Stochastic Processes, Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S., Cognition, Linguistics, Neural Networks (Computer), Practice (Psychology), Non-U.S. Gov't, Memory, Psychological, Task Performance and Analysis, Time Factors, Visual Perception, Adult, Attention, Discrimination Learning, Female, Male, Short-Term, Mental Recall, Orientation, Pattern Recognition, Visual, Perceptual Masking, Reading, Concept Formation, Form Perception, Animals, Corpus Striatum, Shrews, P.H.S., Visual Cortex, Visual Pathways, Acoustic Stimulation, Auditory Cortex, Auditory Perception, Cochlea, Ear, Gerbillinae, Glycine, Hearing, Neurons, Space Perception, Strychnine, Adolescent, Decision Making, Reaction Time, Astrocytoma, Brain Mapping, Brain Neoplasms, Cerebral Cortex, Electric Stimulation, Electrophysiology, Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe, Evoked Potentials, Frontal Lobe, Noise, Parietal Lobe, Scalp, Child, Language Development, Psycholinguistics, Brain, Perception, Speech, Vocalization, Animal, Discrimination (Psychology), Hippocampus, Rats, Calcium, Chelating Agents, Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials, Glutamic Acid, Guanosine Diphosphate, In Vitro, Neuronal Plasticity, Pyramidal Cells, Receptors, AMPA, Metabotropic Glutamate, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate, Somatosensory Cortex, Synapses, Synaptic Transmission, Thionucleotides, Action Potentials, Calcium Channels, L-Type, Electric Conductivity, Entorhinal Cortex, Neurological, Long-Evans, Infant, Mathematics, Statistics, Probability Learning, Problem Solving, Psychophysics, Association Learning, Child Psychology, Habituation (Psychophysiology), Probability Theory, Analysis of Variance, Semantics, Symbolism, Behavior, Eye Movements, Macaca mulatta, Prefrontal Cortex, Cats, Dogs, Haplorhini, Photic Stimulation, Electroencephalography, Nervous System Physiology, Darkness, Grasshoppers, Light, Membrane Potentials, Neural Inhibition, Afferent, Picrotoxin, Vision, Deoxyglucose, Injections, Microspheres, Neural Pathways, Rhodamines, Choice Behavior, Speech Perception, Verbal Learning, Dominance, Cerebral, Fixation, Ocular, Language Tests, Random Allocation, Comparative Study, Saguinus, Sound Spectrography, Species Specificity, Audiometry, Auditory Threshold, Calibration, Data Interpretation, Statistical, Anesthesia, General, Electrodes, Implanted, Pitch Perception, Sound Localization, Paired-Associate Learning, Serial Learning, Auditory, Age Factors, Motion Perception, Brain Injuries, Computer Simulation, Blindness, Psychomotor Performance, Color Perception, Signal Detection (Psychology), Judgment, ROC Curve, Regression Analysis, Music, Probability, Arm, Cerebrovascular Disorders, Hemiplegia, Movement, Muscle, Skeletal, Myoclonus, Robotics, Magnetoencephalography, Phonetics, Software, Speech Production Measurement, Epilepsies, Partial, Laterality, Stereotaxic Techniques, Germany, Speech Acoustics, Verbal Behavior, Child Development, Instinct, Brain Stem, Coma, Diagnosis, Differential, Hearing Disorders, Hearing Loss, Central, Neuroma, Acoustic, Dendrites, Down-Regulation, Patch-Clamp Techniques, Wistar, Up-Regulation, Aged, Aphasia, Middle Aged, Cones (Retina), Primates, Retina, Retinal Ganglion Cells, Tympanic Membrane, Cell Communication, Extremities, Biological, Motor Activity, Rana catesbeiana, Spinal Cord, Central Nervous System, Motion, Motor Cortex, Intelligence, Macaca fascicularis, Adoption, Critical Period (Psychology), France, Korea, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Multilingualism, Auditory Pathways, Cochlear Nerve, Loudness Perception, Neural Conduction, 4007088},
}

@article{greensher_emergency_1980,
	title = {Emergency room care of the poisoned child},
	volume = {4},
	issn = {0146-0862},
	language = {eng},
	number = {3},
	journal = {Issues in Comprehensive Pediatric Nursing},
	author = {Greensher, J. and Mofenson, H. C.},
	month = jun,
	year = {1980},
	pmid = {6900625},
	keywords = {Antidotes, Child, Child, Preschool, Emergency Medical Services, Emergency Service, Hospital, Household Products, Humans, Infant, Plant Poisoning, Poisoning},
	pages = {1--21}
}

Paper  bibtex   

@article{chisolm_recognition_1979,
	title = {Recognition and management of children with increased lead absorption},
	volume = {54},
	issn = {1468-2044},
	url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/110270},
	number = {4},
	urldate = {2010-10-12},
	journal = {Archives of Disease in Childhood},
	author = {Chisolm, J J and Barltrop, D},
	month = apr,
	year = {1979},
	pmid = {110270},
	keywords = {Absorption, Acute Disease, Behavior, Bone Marrow, Bone and Bones, Brain Diseases, Child, Dimercaprol, Edetic Acid, Heme, Humans, Kidney, Lead, Lead Poisoning, Time Factors},
	pages = {249--262},
}