Website  bibtex   

@article{
 title = {Sex and deception: a rare case of cheating in a lekking tropical bird},
 type = {article},
 year = {2019},
 identifiers = {[object Object]},
 keywords = {Display,Male–male cooperation,Mating system,Sexual selection,display,male,male cooperation,mating system,sexual selection},
 pages = {1-5},
 websites = {http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10164-019-00592-8},
 month = {4},
 publisher = {Springer Japan},
 day = {13},
 id = {e5d90c54-313e-311b-8d9a-cafb14c6fb2d},
 created = {2019-04-17T00:59:12.076Z},
 file_attached = {false},
 profile_id = {7a7fbefd-9b16-3d36-a801-6375c4245079},
 group_id = {e19eccf8-8a32-36a0-8587-1c846ce7d9a0},
 last_modified = {2019-04-17T00:59:12.076Z},
 read = {false},
 starred = {false},
 authored = {false},
 confirmed = {true},
 hidden = {false},
 private_publication = {false},
 bibtype = {article},
 author = {Boyle, W. Alice and Shogren, Elsie H.},
 journal = {Journal of Ethology},
 number = {0123456789}
}

Paper  doi  abstract   bibtex   

@article{osullivan_self-management_2018,
	title = {Self-management needs of {Irish} adolescents with {Juvenile} {Idiopathic} {Arthritis} ({JIA}): how can a {Canadian} web-based programme meet these needs?},
	volume = {16},
	issn = {1546-0096},
	shorttitle = {Self-management needs of {Irish} adolescents with {Juvenile} {Idiopathic} {Arthritis} ({JIA})},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1186/s12969-018-0287-0},
	doi = {10.1186/s12969-018-0287-0},
	abstract = {Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA) affects over 1000 children and adolescents in Ireland, potentially impacting health-related quality-of-life. Accessible self-management strategies, including Internet-based interventions, can support adolescents in Ireland where specialist rheumatology care is geographically-centralised within the capital city. This study interviewed adolescents with JIA, their parents, and healthcare professionals to (i) explore the self-management needs of Irish adolescents; and (ii) evaluate the acceptability of an adapted version of a Canadian JIA self-management programme (Teens Taking Charge: Managing Arthritis Online, or TTC) for Irish users.},
	number = {1},
	urldate = {2018-11-13},
	journal = {Pediatric Rheumatology},
	author = {O’Sullivan, Grace and O’Higgins, Siobhán and Caes, Line and Saetes, Sophia and McGuire, Brian E. and Stinson, Jennifer},
	month = nov,
	year = {2018},
	keywords = {Adolescence, Adolescent, Adult, Arthritis, Juvenile, Canada, Child, Female, Focus Groups, Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice, Health Personnel, Humans, Internet, Ireland, Juvenile arthritis, Male, Middle Aged, Needs Assessment, Needs assessment, Online intervention, Parents, Patient Education as Topic, Program Evaluation, Qualitative Research, Self-Management, Self-management},
	pages = {68}
}

Paper  doi  bibtex   

@article{RN205,
   author = {Zhang, C. E. and Wong, S. M. and Uiterwijk, R. and Staals, J. and Backes, W. H. and Hoff, E. I. and Schreuder, T. and Jeukens, C. R. and Jansen, J. F. and van Oostenbrugge, R. J.},
   title = {Intravoxel Incoherent Motion Imaging in Small Vessel Disease: Microstructural Integrity and Microvascular Perfusion Related to Cognition},
   journal = {Stroke},
   volume = {48},
   number = {3},
   pages = {658-663},
   ISSN = {1524-4628 (Electronic)
0039-2499 (Linking)},
   DOI = {10.1161/STROKEAHA.116.015084},
   url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28196940},
   year = {2017},
   type = {Journal Article}
}

Paper  abstract   bibtex   

@misc{dencker_a._midwife-led_2017,
	title = {Midwife-led maternity care in {Ireland} - a retrospective cohort study},
	url = {http://www.biomedcentral.com/bmcpregnancychildbirth/},
	abstract = {Background: Midwife-led maternity care is shown to be safe for women with low-risk during pregnancy. In Ireland, two midwife-led units (MLUs) were introduced in 2004 when a randomised controlled trial (the MidU study) was performed to compare MLU care with consultant-led care (CLU). Following study completion the two MLUs have remained as a maternity care option in Ireland. The aim of this study was to evaluate maternal and neonatal outcomes and transfer rates during six years in the larger of the MLU sites. Methods: MLU data for the six years 2008-2013 were retrospectively analysed, following ethical approval. Rates of transfer, reasons for transfer, mode of birth, and maternal and fetal outcomes were assessed. Linear-by-Linear Association trend analysis was used for categorical data to evaluate trends over the years and one-way ANOVA was used when comparing continuous variables. Results: During the study period, 3,884 women were registered at the MLU. The antenatal transfer rate was 37.4\% and 2,410 women came to labour in the MLU. Throughout labour and birth, 567 women (14.6\%) transferred to the CLU, of which 23 were transferred after birth due to need for suturing or postpartum hemorrhage. The most common reasons for intrapartum transfer were meconium stained liquor/abnormal fetal heart rate (30.3\%), delayed labour progress in first or second stage (24.9\%) and woman's wish for epidural analgesia (15.1\%). Of the 1,903 babies born in the MLU, 1,878 (98.7\%) were spontaneous vaginal births and 25 (1.3\%) were instrumental (ventouse/forceps). Only 25 babies (1.3\%) were admitted to neonatal intensive care unit. All spontaneous vaginal births from the MLU registered population, occurring in the study period in both the MLU and CLU settings (n = 2,785), were compared. In the MLU more often 1-2 midwives (90.9\% vs 69.7\%) cared for the women during birth, more women had three vaginal examinations or fewer (93.6\% vs 79.9\%) and gave birth in an upright position (standing, squatting or kneeling) (52.0\% vs 9.4\%), fewer women had an amniotomy (5.9\% vs 25.9\%) or episiotomy (3.4\% vs 9.7\%) and more women had a physiological management of third stage of labour (50.9\% vs 4.6\%). Conclusions: Midwife-led care is a safe option that could be offered to a large proportion of healthy pregnant women. With strict transfer criteria there are very few complications during labour and birth. Maternity units without the option of MLU care should consider its introduction. Copyright © 2017 The Author(s).},
	journal = {BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth},
	author = {{Dencker A.} and {Smith V.} and {McCann C.} and {Begley C.}},
	year = {2017},
	keywords = {*Ireland, *cohort analysis, *high risk pregnancy, *labor stage 3, *maternal care, *midwife, Neonatal intensive care unit, amniotomy, analysis of variance, consultation, controlled clinical trial, controlled study, epidural analgesia, episiotomy, female, fetus, fetus heart rate, fetus outcome, forceps, human, human tissue, liquid, major clinical study, male, meconium, newborn, pelvic examination, postpartum hemorrhage, pregnant woman, randomized controlled trial, standing, statistical model, vaginal delivery}
}

Paper  abstract   bibtex   

@article{mccarthy_pash_2016,
	title = {{PASH} syndrome: {A} case report with bony destruction},
	volume = {74},
	issn = {0190-9622},
	url = {http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L72275278},
	abstract = {A 44-year-old man with severe refractory hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) was admitted with cachexia and fatigue. He had a longstanding history of HS, beginning in childhood, cutaneous ulceration and acne. Since the age of 24 he had recurrent abscesses in the axillae and anogenital skin as well as cutaneous ulceration on the penile shaft, abdomen, forearms and thighs consistent with pyoderma gangrenosum (PG). On examination there was rope like dermal thickening of skin on the buttocks and perineum with florid erythema and multiple fistula openings with purulent discharge consistent with Hurley stage III disease. Large atrophic telangiectatic scars were present on the abdomen and thighs suggestive of quiescent pyoderma gangrenosum. CT scan of thorax, abdomen and pelvis showed lytic destruction of the sacrum most likely reflecting chronic osteomyelitis from direct extension of the inflammatory process through subcutaneous tissue and bone into the presacral space. The patient was treated with meropenem 1 g/day for seven days with marked improvement in HS. Inflammatory markers returned to normal and infliximab (0.5 mg/kg) was commenced to maintain remission. Hidradenitis suppurativa is a chronic autoinflammatory disorder characterized by acneiform follicular occlusion and inflammation of the terminal follicular epithelium in apocrine gland bearing skin that leads to relapsing purulent infections, scarring and sinus formation. The clinical presentation of severe HS, acne, pilonidal sinus and PG may be consistent with the recently recognised PASH syndrome. Our patient has never had joint symptoms suggestive of arthritis and therefore clinically does not fit with previously described PAPA (pyogenic sterile arthritis, PG, acne) or PAPASH (PAPA plus HS) syndromes. Imaging plays an important role in assessing extent of disease, characterizing active lesions and recognizing complications. To our knowledge this is the first case report of bony destruction of the coccyx by direct extension of HS.},
	number = {5},
	journal = {Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology},
	author = {McCarthy, S. and Foley, C. and Dvorakova, V. and Quinlan, C. and Murphy, M. and Maher, M.},
	year = {2016},
	keywords = {American, abdomen, abscess, acne, apocrine gland, arthritis, autoinflammatory disease, axilla, bone, buttock, cachexia, case report, childhood, chronic osteomyelitis, coccygeal bone, computer assisted tomography, dermatology, epithelium, erythema, examination, fatigue, fistula, forearm, human, imaging, infection, inflammation, infliximab, male, marker, meropenem, occlusion, patient, pelvis, perineum, pilonidal sinus, pyoderma gangrenosum, remission, sacrum, scar, scar formation, skin, subcutaneous tissue, suppurative hidradenitis, thigh, thorax, ulcer},
	pages = {AB65}
}

Paper  abstract   bibtex   

@misc{ferre_c.l._caregiver-directed_2016,
	title = {Caregiver-directed home-based intensive bimanual training in young children with unilateral spastic cerebral palsy: {A} randomized trial},
	url = {http://www.wiley.com/bw/journal.asp?ref=0012-1622&site=1},
	abstract = {Aim: To examine the efficacy of caregiver-directed, home-based intensive bimanual training in children with unilateral spastic cerebral palsy (USCP) using a randomized control trial. Method: Twenty-four children (ages 2y 6mo-10y 1mo; 10 males, 14 females) performed home-based activities directed by a caregiver for 2 hours per day, 5 days per week, for 9 weeks (total=90h). Cohorts of children were age-matched into groups and randomized to receive home-based hand-arm bimanual intensive therapy (H-HABIT; n=12) or lower-limb functional intensive training (LIFT-control; n=12). Caregivers were trained before the intervention and supervised remotely via telerehabilitation. Dexterity and bimanual hand function were assessed using the Box and Blocks test (BBT) and the Assisting Hand Assessment (AHA) respectively. Caregiver perception of functional goals was measured using the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM). Results: H-HABIT showed greater improvement on the BBT compared to LIFT-control and no improvement on the AHA. H-HABIT demonstrated significant improvement in COPM-Performance compared to LIFT-control and both groups showed equal improvement in COPM-Satisfaction. Interpretation: H-HABIT improved dexterity and performance of functional goals, but not bimanual performance, in children with USCP compared to a control group receiving intervention of equal intensity/duration that also controlled for increased caregiver attention. Home-based models provide a valuable, family-centered approach to achieve increased treatment intensity. Copyright © 2016 Mac Keith Press.},
	journal = {Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology},
	author = {{Ferre C.L.} and {Brandao M.} and {Surana B.} and {Dew A.P.} and {Moreau N.G.} and {Gordon A.M.}},
	year = {2016},
	keywords = {*caregiver, *cerebral palsy, Child, attention, clinical article, clinical trial, control group, controlled clinical trial, controlled study, endogenous compound, female, hand function, human, intensive care, lower limb, male, model, perception, preschool child, randomized controlled trial, satisfaction, telerehabilitation}
}

@article{pascual_bloodstream_2016,
	title = {Bloodstream infections caused by {Escherichia} coli producing {AmpC} β-lactamases: epidemiology and clinical features},
	volume = {35},
	issn = {1435-4373},
	shorttitle = {Bloodstream infections caused by {Escherichia} coli producing {AmpC} β-lactamases},
	doi = {10.1007/s10096-016-2752-3},
	abstract = {The aim of the study was to investigate the epidemiology and clinical features of bloodstream infections due to Escherichia coli producing AmpC β-lactamases (AmpC-Ec-BSI). In a multi-centre case-control study, all third-generation-cephalosporin-resistant Escherichia coli BSI (3GC-Ec-BSI) isolates were analysed. Acquired bla AmpC (bla ac-AmpC) detection was done by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequencing. Chromosomal bla AmpC (bla c-AmpC) expression was quantified by real-time PCR. Cases were patients with AmpC-Ec-BSI. Controls were patients with cephalosporin-susceptible E. coli BSI, matched 1:1 by sex and age. Demographics, comorbidities, intrinsic and extrinsic risk factors for antimicrobial resistance, clinical presentation and outcomes were investigated. Among 841 E. coli BSI, 17 were caused by AmpC-Ec (2 \%). Eleven isolates (58.8 \%) had bla ac-AmpC and six were bla c-AmpC overproducers. The mean age of cases was 66.2 years and 71 \% were men. Cases were more frequently healthcare-related (82 vs. 52 \% controls, p {\textless} 0.05) and presented more intrinsic and extrinsic risk factors. At least one risk factor was present in 94.1 \% of cases vs. 41.7 \% of controls (p = 0.002). Severity and length of stay (LOS) were higher among cases (mean Pitt Score 2.6 vs. 0.38 in controls, p = 0.03; LOS 17.5 days vs. 6 in controls, p = 0.02). Inappropriate empirical therapy (IET) was administered to 70.6 \% of cases and 23.5 \% of controls (p {\textless} 0.003). No differences were found in terms of cure rate at the 14th day and mortality. Bloodstream infections due to AmpC-Ec (mostly plasmid-mediated) are infrequent in our area. AmpC-Ec-BSI affects mainly patients with intrinsic risk factors and those with previous antibiotic exposure. A high proportion received IET.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {12},
	journal = {European Journal of Clinical Microbiology \& Infectious Diseases: Official Publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology},
	author = {Pascual, V. and Alonso, N. and Simó, M. and Ortiz, G. and Garcia, M. C. and Xercavins, M. and Rivera, A. and Morera, M. A. and Miró, E. and Espejo, E. and Navarro, F. and Gurguí, M. and Pérez, J. and Rodríguez-Carballeira, M. and Garau, J. and Calbo, E.},
	year = {2016},
	pmid = {27549108},
	keywords = {Adult, Age Distribution, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Bacteremia, Bacterial Proteins, Case-Control Studies, DNA, Bacterial, Escherichia coli, Escherichia coli Infections, Female, Humans, Length of Stay, Male, Middle Aged, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Risk Factors, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Severity of Illness Index, Treatment Outcome, beta-Lactamases},
	pages = {1997--2003},
}

Paper  abstract   bibtex   

@misc{ratnayake_a._pharmacokinetics_2016,
	title = {Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of albuterol multidose dry powder inhaler and albuterol hydrofluoroalkane in children with asthma},
	url = {http://www.ingentaconnect.com/search/download?pub=infobike%3a%2f%2focean%2faap%2f2016%2f00000037%2f00000005%2fart00011&mimetype=application%2fpdf&exitTargetId=1473325081442},
	abstract = {Background: Many children struggle with the use of albuterol hydrofluoroalkane (HFA) inhalers. Albuterol multidose dry powder inhaler (MDPI) may simplify rescue bronchodilator use in children. Objective: To compare the pharmacokinetics (PK), pharmacodynamics (PD), and tolerability of albuterol MDPI and albuterol HFA after a single inhaled dose in children with asthma. Methods: This single-center, open-label, two-period crossover study randomized children to albuterol MDPI or HFA 180 mug on two treatment days with a 4- to 14-day washout. Plasma albuterol concentrations were measured before the dose and up to 10 hours after the dose to determine the primary PK values of area under the plasma concentration-versus-time curve from time 0 to the last measurable concentration (AUC0-t), maximum observed concentration (Cmax), and AUC from time 0 extrapolated to infinity (AUC0-inf). Heart rate and blood pressure before the dose and after the dose were monitored for PD effects, and adverse events (AE) were monitored for overall safety. Results: Fifteen children, ages 6-11 years, were included (PK, n = 13 for time to Cmax and terminal half-life of elimination; n = 12 for AUC and Cmax due to incomplete data). AUC0-t (geometric mean ratio [GMR] 1.056 [90\% confidence interval \{CI\}, 0.88 -1.268]) and AUC0-inf (GMR 0.971 [90\% CI, 0.821-1.147]) were comparable between treatments. Cmax was larger for albuterol MDPI versus HFA (GMR 1.340 [90\% CI, 1.098 -1.636]). PD parameters between the treatments were comparable. No deaths, serious AEs, treatment-emergent AEs, or withdrawals due to AEs were reported for either treatment. Conclusion: Albuterol MDPI and albuterol HFA had comparable PK and PD in children after a single 180-mug dose. Copyright ©2016, OceanSide Publications, Inc., U.S.A.},
	journal = {Allergy and Asthma Proceedings},
	author = {{Ratnayake A.} and {Taveras H.} and {Iverson H.} and {Shore P.}},
	year = {2016},
	keywords = {*albuterol hydrofluoroalkane/ae [Adverse Drug Reaction], *albuterol hydrofluoroalkane/cm [Drug Comparison], *albuterol hydrofluoroalkane/ct [Clinical Trial], *albuterol hydrofluoroalkane/dt [Drug Therapy], *albuterol hydrofluoroalkane/ih [Inhalational Drug Administration], *albuterol hydrofluoroalkane/pk [Pharmacokinetics], *antiasthmatic agent/ae [Adverse Drug Reaction], *antiasthmatic agent/cm [Drug Comparison], *antiasthmatic agent/ct [Clinical Trial], *antiasthmatic agent/dt [Drug Therapy], *antiasthmatic agent/ih [Inhalational Drug Administration], *antiasthmatic agent/pk [Pharmacokinetics], *asthma, *asthma/dt [Drug Therapy], *dry powder inhaler, *dry powder inhaler/ct [Clinical Trial], *dry powder inhaler/dc [Device Comparison], *inhaler, *inhaler/ct [Clinical Trial], *inhaler/dc [Device Comparison], *multidose dry powder inhaler, *multidose dry powder inhaler/ct [Clinical Trial], *multidose dry powder inhaler/dc [Device Comparison], *pharmacodynamics, *salbutamol, *salbutamol/ae [Adverse Drug Reaction], *salbutamol/cm [Drug Comparison], *salbutamol/cr [Drug Concentration], *salbutamol/ct [Clinical Trial], *salbutamol/dt [Drug Therapy], *salbutamol/ih [Inhalational Drug Administration], *salbutamol/pk [Pharmacokinetics], Child, Pharmacokinetics, adverse drug reaction, area under the curve, asthma/dt [Drug Therapy], blood pressure, blood pressure monitoring, clinical article, clinical trial, conference paper, confidence interval, controlled clinical trial, controlled study, crossover procedure, death, drug blood level, drug efficacy, drug elimination, drug half life, drug monitoring, drug safety, drug withdrawal, female, fluorinated hydrocarbon, half life time, heart rate, human, human tissue, male, maximum plasma concentration, pharmacodynamics, phase 1 clinical trial, plasma concentration-time curve, preschool child, randomized controlled trial, safety, side effect, time to maximum plasma concentration, unclassified drug, unspecified side effect/si [Side Effect]}
}

@article{smallwood_neurophysiological_2016,
	title = {Neurophysiological mechanisms in acceptance and commitment therapy in opioid-addicted patients with chronic pain},
	volume = {250},
	issn = {1872-7506},
	doi = {10.1016/j.pscychresns.2016.03.001},
	abstract = {Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) has been effectively utilized to treat both chronic pain and substance use disorder independently. Given these results and the vital need to treat the comorbidity of the two disorders, a pilot ACT treatment was implemented in individuals with comorbid chronic pain and opioid addiction. This pilot study supported using neurophysiology to characterize treatment effects and revealed that, following ACT, participants with this comorbidity exhibited reductions in brain activation due to painful stimulus and in connectivity at rest.},
	language = {eng},
	journal = {Psychiatry Research. Neuroimaging},
	author = {Smallwood, Rachel F. and Potter, Jennifer S. and Robin, Donald A.},
	year = {2016},
	pmid = {27107155},
	pmcid = {PMC4842257},
	keywords = {Acceptation et toxicomanie},
	pages = {12--14}
}

@article{kiadaliri_absolute_2016,
	title = {Absolute and relative educational inequalities in obesity among adults in {Tehran}: {Findings} from the {Urban} {HEART} {Study}-2.},
	volume = {10 Suppl 1},
	issn = {1871-403X},
	shorttitle = {Absolute and relative educational inequalities in obesity among adults in {Tehran}},
	doi = {10.1016/j.orcp.2015.05.002},
	abstract = {BACKGROUND: The prevalence of obesity is increasing in Iran. Previous studies showed mixed results in relation to association between socioeconomic status and obesity in the country. The current study aimed to examine educational inequalities among adults in Tehran in 2011.
METHOD: Data on 90,435 persons 18 years and older from Urban Health Equity Assessment and Response Tool (Urban HEART-2) were analyzed. The Slope Index of Inequality (SII) and the Relative Index of Inequality (RII) were used for assessing educational inequalities in obesity. These measures were quantified using generalized linear models for the binomial family adjusted for sex and age. Subgroup analysis was conducted across sex, age groups and the 22 districts of Tehran.
RESULTS: Both SII and RII showed substantial educational inequalities in obesity in favour of more educated adults [RII and SII (95\% CI were equal to 2.91 (2.71-3.11) and 0.12 (0.12-0.13)), respectively]. These educational inequalities were persistent even after adjusting for employment, marital status and smoking. Subgroup analysis revealed that educational inequalities were more profound among women. While among men educational inequalities were generally increasing with age, an inverse trend was observed among women. Educational inequalities were observed within all 22 districts of Tehran and generally there were no statistically significant differences between districts.
CONCLUSION: An inverse association between education and obesity was observed in the current study. To decrease educational inequalities in Tehran, priority should be given to younger women and older men. Further analyses are needed to explain these inequalities.},
	language = {eng},
	journal = {Obesity Research \& Clinical Practice},
	author = {Kiadaliri, Aliasghar A. and Asadi-Lari, Mohsen and Kalantari, Naser and Jafari, Mehdi and Vaez Mahdavi, Mohammad Reza and Faghihzadeh, Soghrat},
	month = sep,
	year = {2016},
	pmid = {26003304},
	keywords = {Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Educational Status, Educational inequality, Female, Generalized linear model, Humans, Iran, Male, Middle Aged, Obesity, Sex Factors, Social Class, Socioeconomic Factors, Urban-HEART, Young Adult},
	pages = {S57--S63}
}

Paper  doi  abstract   bibtex   

@article{nagel_association_2015,
	title = {The association between antibody levels before and after 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine immunization and subsequent pneumococcal infection in chronic arthritis patients.},
	volume = {17},
	issn = {1478-6362 1478-6354},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1186%2Fs13075-015-0636-z},
	doi = {10.1186/s13075-015-0636-z},
	abstract = {INTRODUCTION: The aim of present study is to inverstigate the association between antibody levels after vaccination with 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) and subsequent serious pneumococcal infections in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and spondylarthropathy (SpA) patients. METHODS: A cohort of 497 patients (RA=248 and SpA=249) received a single dose of PCV7. At vaccination, patients were treated with methotrexate (MTX; n=85), anti-tumour necrosis factor (anti-TNF) + MTX (n=169), anti-TNF monotherapy (n=158) and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)/analgesics (n=85). Antibody levels of serotypes  6B and 23B were analyzed before and 4 to 6 weeks after vaccination using standard enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Serious pneumococcal infections (pneumonia/lower respiratory tract infection, meningitis, sepsis, septic arthritis) occurring within 4.5 years after vaccination were identified in the Skane Healthcare Register using the International Classification of Diseases, tenth revision (ICD-10) codes. The association between post-vaccination antibody  levels and protection against infections and determination of protective cutoff levels was explored using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Predictors of infection were studied using regression analyses. RESULTS: Eighteen infections were registered in 15 patients before vaccination and 27 infections in 23 patients after vaccination. Patients with serious infections after vaccination had significantly lower post-vaccination antibody titres for both 6B (P=0.04) and 23 F (P=0.04). Post-vaccination antibody levels of at least 1.29 mg/L and 1.01 mg/L for 6B and 23, respectively, were associated with better protection from serious infections. Higher age, concomitant prednisolone but not MTX or anti-TNF  were associated with such infections. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with more robust antibody responses after vaccination with pneumococcal conjugate vaccine were less likely to suffer from serious infections. High age and prednisolone at vaccination were associated with putative serious pneumococcal infections in this cohort. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: EudraCT EU 2007-006539-29 and NCT00828997 . Registered 23 January 2009.},
	language = {eng},
	journal = {Arthritis research \& therapy},
	author = {Nagel, Johanna and Geborek, Pierre and Saxne, Tore and Jonsson, Goran and Englund, Martin and Petersson, Ingemar F. and Nilsson, Jan-Ake and Truedsson, Lennart and Kapetanovic, Meliha C.},
	year = {2015},
	pmid = {25986458},
	pmcid = {PMC4436875},
	keywords = {Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Antibodies, Bacterial/*blood, Arthritis, Rheumatoid/blood/*complications/immunology, Chronic Disease, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, Female, Heptavalent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine/*therapeutic use, Humans, Immunization/*methods, Immunologic Factors/therapeutic use, Male, Middle Aged, Pneumococcal Infections/complications/microbiology/*prevention \& control, Young Adult},
	pages = {124},
}

@article{
 title = {Quality of life in older people with dementia: a multilevel study of individual attributes and residential care center characteristics},
 type = {article},
 year = {2015},
 identifiers = {[object Object]},
 keywords = {Aged,Aged, 80 and over,Cross-Sectional Studies,Dementia/epidemiology/psychology,Female,Health Status,Humans,Institutionalization,Male,Middle Aged,Nursing Homes,Quality of Life,Questionnaires,Retrospective Studies,Spain/epidemiology,dementia,multilevel analysis,older adults,residential care centers},
 pages = {104-110},
 volume = {15},
 month = {1},
 publisher = {Japan Geriatrics Society},
 city = {Department "G.F. Ingrassia", Hygiene and Public Health, University of Catania, Catania, Italy; National School of Public Health, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain.},
 id = {35f0e744-a287-3daf-8594-25c38c57ad04},
 created = {2016-08-20T16:52:14.000Z},
 file_attached = {false},
 profile_id = {217ced55-4c79-38dc-838b-4b5ea8df5597},
 group_id = {408d37d9-5f1b-3398-a9f5-5c1a487116d4},
 last_modified = {2017-03-14T09:54:45.334Z},
 read = {false},
 starred = {false},
 authored = {false},
 confirmed = {true},
 hidden = {false},
 source_type = {JOUR},
 notes = {CI: (c) 2014; JID: 101135738; OTO: NOTNLM; 2013/12/10 [accepted]; 2014/01/24 [aheadofprint]; ppublish},
 folder_uuids = {f1983289-bfcc-4bbc-aa58-64df97457698},
 private_publication = {false},
 abstract = {AIM: To analyze how the characteristics of institutionalized older people with dementia and residential care centers are associated with the individual's quality of life (QoL). METHODS: Data were collected from a survey carried out on 525 elderly people aged 60 years or older in 14 nursing care homes across Spain. Multilevel linear analysis to assess the differences in QoL level between centers and individuals was carried out. RESULTS: The characteristics of the individuals that were associated with a higher QoL were functional independence, health status and gathering with family, friends or neighbors. In contrast, higher levels of dementia, depression and the length of institutionalization had a negative effect on QoL. In relation to the residential care center characteristics, the availability of geriatricians was associated with higher QoL, compared with those centers with no geriatricians on staff. In addition, public centers (public ownership and publicly-funded residents) were also associated with higher QoL than private/mixed centers. The multilevel analysis showed that the 16.4% of the differences in QoL was related to residence factors. CONCLUSION: These results reflect the importance of the functional, social, mental and residential dimensions in the QoL of older adults with dementia. Actions devoted to improving these key dimensions would contribute to promote the well-being of this vulnerable population.},
 bibtype = {article},
 author = {Marventano, S and Prieto-Flores, M E and Sanz-Barbero, B and Martin-Garcia, S and Fernandez-Mayoralas, G and Rojo-Perez, F and Martinez-Martin, P and Forjaz, M J and Ageing, Spanish Research Group on Quality of Life and},
 journal = {Geriatrics & gerontology international},
 number = {1}
}

@article{chin_short_2015,
	title = {Short {Communication}: {Increase} of {HIV}-1 {K}103N {Transmitted} {Drug} {Resistance} and {Its} {Association} with {Efavirenz} {Use} in {South} {Korea}},
	volume = {31},
	issn = {1931-8405},
	shorttitle = {Short {Communication}},
	doi = {10.1089/AID.2014.0368},
	abstract = {Previous studies reported a relatively low prevalence of transmitted drug resistance (TDR) in South Korea ({\textless}5\%). A genotypic resistance test was performed on 131 treatment-naive HIV-1-infected individuals from February 2013 to February 2014. Eleven individuals (8.4\%) presented TDR, of whom eight had K103N, revealing a significant increase in K103N TDR compared to previous studies (p{\textless}0.001). Using phylogenetic analysis, we identified three distinct clustering pairs with genetic relativeness and a total of five independent strains among the eight K103N cases. Our findings suggest that multiple sources of K103N occurred, most likely as a consequence of increased efavirenz use in South Korea.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {6},
	journal = {AIDS research and human retroviruses},
	author = {Chin, Bum Sik and Shin, Hyoung-Shik and Kim, Gayeon and Wagner, Gabriel A. and Gianella, Sara and Smith, Davey M.},
	month = jun,
	year = {2015},
	pmid = {25826122},
	pmcid = {PMC4516954},
	keywords = {Adult, Anti-HIV Agents, Benzoxazines, Cluster Analysis, Drug Resistance, Viral, Genotype, HIV Infections, HIV Reverse Transcriptase, HIV-1, Humans, Incidence, Male, Molecular Sequence Data, Mutation, Missense, Phylogeny, Republic of Korea, Sequence Analysis, DNA},
	pages = {603--607}
}

@article{munden_prospective_2014,
	title = {Prospective study of infantile haemangiomas: incidence, clinical characteristics and association with placental anomalies},
	volume = {170},
	issn = {1365-2133},
	shorttitle = {Prospective study of infantile haemangiomas},
	doi = {10.1111/bjd.12804},
	abstract = {BACKGROUND: The aetiology and exact incidence of infantile haemangiomas (IHs) are unknown. Prior studies have noted immunohistochemical and biological characteristics shared by IHs and placental tissue.
OBJECTIVES: We investigated the possible association between placental anomalies and the development of IHs, as well as the demographic characteristics and other risk factors for IHs.
PATIENTS AND METHODS: Pregnant women (n = 578) were prospectively enrolled and their offspring followed for 9 months. Placental evaluations were performed and demographic data collected on all mother-infant pairs.
RESULTS: We evaluated 594 infants: 34 haemangiomas [either IH or congenital (CH)] were identified in 29 infants, yielding an incidence of 4·5\% for IH (27 infants) and 0·3\% for CH (two infants). Placental anomalies were noted in almost 35\% of haemangioma-related pregnancies, approximately twice the incidence noted in pregnancies with unaffected infants (P = 0·025). Other risk factors for IH included prematurity (P = 0·016) and low birth weight (P = 0·028). All IHs were present by 3 months of age, and cessation of growth had occurred in all by 9 months of age. Most occurred on the trunk. Of note, 20\% of identified IHs were abortive or telangiectatic in nature, small focal lesions that did not proliferate beyond 3 months of age. Only one IH required intervention.
CONCLUSIONS: This is the first prospective American study to document the incidence of IHs in infants followed from birth to early infancy. The association with placental anomalies was statistically significant. The overall incidence mirrors prior estimates, but the need for treatment was lower than previously reported.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {4},
	journal = {The British Journal of Dermatology},
	author = {Munden, A. and Butschek, R. and Tom, W. L. and Marshall, J. S. and Poeltler, D. M. and Krohne, S. E. and Alió, A. B. and Ritter, M. and Friedlander, D. F. and Catanzarite, V. and Mendoza, A. and Smith, L. and Friedlander, M. and Friedlander, S. F.},
	month = apr,
	year = {2014},
	pmid = {24641194},
	pmcid = {PMC4410180},
	keywords = {Adolescent, Adult, California, Female, Hemangioma, Humans, Incidence, Infant, Male, Maternal Age, Middle Aged, Placenta Diseases, Pregnancy, Prospective Studies, Risk Factors, Young Adult},
	pages = {907--913}
}

@article{hippisley-cox_performance_2014,
	title = {The performance of seven {QPrediction} risk scores in an independent external sample of patients from general practice: a validation study},
	volume = {4},
	issn = {2044-6055},
	shorttitle = {The performance of seven {QPrediction} risk scores in an independent external sample of patients from general practice},
	doi = {10.1136/bmjopen-2014-005809},
	abstract = {OBJECTIVES: To validate the performance of a set of risk prediction algorithms developed using the QResearch database, in an independent sample from general practices contributing to the Clinical Research Data Link (CPRD).
SETTING: Prospective open cohort study using practices contributing to the CPRD database and practices contributing to the QResearch database.
PARTICIPANTS: The CPRD validation cohort consisted of 3.3 million patients, aged 25-99 years registered at 357 general practices between 1 Jan 1998 and 31 July 2012. The validation statistics for QResearch were obtained from the original published papers which used a one-third sample of practices separate to those used to derive the score. A cohort from QResearch was used to compare incidence rates and baseline characteristics and consisted of 6.8 million patients from 753 practices registered between 1 Jan 1998 and until 31 July 2013.
OUTCOME MEASURES: Incident events relating to seven different risk prediction scores: QRISK2 (cardiovascular disease); QStroke (ischaemic stroke); QDiabetes (type 2 diabetes); QFracture (osteoporotic fracture and hip fracture); QKidney (moderate and severe kidney failure); QThrombosis (venous thromboembolism); QBleed (intracranial bleed and upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage). Measures of discrimination and calibration were calculated.
RESULTS: Overall, the baseline characteristics of the CPRD and QResearch cohorts were similar though QResearch had higher recording levels for ethnicity and family history. The validation statistics for each of the risk prediction scores were very similar in the CPRD cohort compared with the published results from QResearch validation cohorts. For example, in women, the QDiabetes algorithm explained 50\% of the variation within CPRD compared with 51\% on QResearch and the receiver operator curve value was 0.85 on both databases. The scores were well calibrated in CPRD.
CONCLUSIONS: Each of the algorithms performed practically as well in the external independent CPRD validation cohorts as they had in the original published QResearch validation cohorts.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {8},
	journal = {BMJ open},
	author = {Hippisley-Cox, Julia and Coupland, Carol and Brindle, Peter},
	year = {2014},
	pmid = {25168040},
	pmcid = {PMC4156807},
	keywords = {Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Algorithms, Calibration, Cardiovascular Diseases, Cprd, Ethnic Groups, Family, Female, General Practice, Hemorrhage, Humans, Kidney Diseases, Male, Middle Aged, Osteoporotic Fractures, Prognosis, Prospective Studies, QResearch, Qrisk2, Risk, Validation, Venous Thromboembolism, diabetes mellitus},
	pages = {e005809}
}

@article{
 title = {How much do residential aged care staff members know about the nutritional needs of residents?},
 type = {article},
 year = {2014},
 identifiers = {[object Object]},
 keywords = {Adult,Aged,Attitude of Health Personnel,Cross-Sectional Studies,Dementia/nursing,Female,Geriatric Nursing/methods,Health Care Surveys,Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice,Humans,Male,Malnutrition/nursing,Meals,Middle Aged,Nursing Staff,Nutrition Assessment,Quality of Life/psychology,Residential Facilities,malnutrition,mealtime practices,nutrition knowledge,old age,residential care,staff},
 pages = {54-64},
 volume = {9},
 month = {3},
 publisher = {Blackwell Publishing Ltd},
 city = {Dementia Collaborative Research Centre: Carers & Consumers, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia; Dementia Training Studies Centre, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia; School of Nursing, Queensland University of T},
 id = {ddcbb97d-cbf9-341d-982c-c02ae2ebd52c},
 created = {2016-08-20T16:52:30.000Z},
 file_attached = {false},
 profile_id = {217ced55-4c79-38dc-838b-4b5ea8df5597},
 group_id = {408d37d9-5f1b-3398-a9f5-5c1a487116d4},
 last_modified = {2017-03-14T09:54:45.334Z},
 read = {false},
 starred = {false},
 authored = {false},
 confirmed = {true},
 hidden = {false},
 source_type = {JOUR},
 notes = {ID: 74113; CI: (c) 2013; JID: 101267281; OTO: NOTNLM; 2012/08/03 [received]; 2012/11/21 [accepted]; 2013/02/11 [aheadofprint]; ppublish},
 folder_uuids = {06271a48-ad48-43cc-b073-52e57f10f5e1},
 private_publication = {false},
 abstract = {BACKGROUND: Undernutrition, weight loss and dehydration are major clinical issues for people with dementia in residential care, with excessive weight loss contributing to increased risk of frailty, immobility, illness and premature morbidity. This paper discusses a nutritional knowledge and attitudes survey conducted as part of a larger project focused on improving nutritional intake of people with dementia within a residential care facility in Brisbane, Australia. AIMS: The specific aims of the survey were to identify (i) knowledge of the nutritional needs of aged care facility residents; (ii) mealtime practices; and (iii) attitudes towards mealtime practices and organisation. METHODS: A survey based on those used in other healthcare settings was completed by 76 staff members. The survey included questions about nutritional knowledge, opinions of the food service, frequency of feeding assistance provided and feeding assessment practices. RESULTS: Nutritional knowledge scores ranged from 1 to 9 of a possible 10, with a mean score of 4.67. While 76% of respondents correctly identified risk factors associated with malnutrition in nursing home residents, only 38% of participants correctly identified the need for increased protein and energy in residents with pressure ulcers, and just 15% exhibited correct knowledge of fluid requirements. Further, while nutritional assessment was considered an important part of practice by 83% of respondents, just 53% indicated that they actually carried out such assessments. Identified barriers to promoting optimal nutrition included insufficient time to observe residents (56%); being unaware of residents' feeding issues (46%); poor knowledge of nutritional assessments (44%); and unappetising appearance of food served (57%). CONCLUSION: An important step towards improving health and quality of life for residents of aged care facilities would be to enhance staff nutritional awareness and assessment skills. This should be carried out through increased attention to both preservice curricula and on-the-job training. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: The residential facility staff surveyed demonstrated low levels of nutrition knowledge, which reflects findings from the international literature. This has implications for the provision of responsive care to residents of these facilities and should be explored further.},
 bibtype = {article},
 author = {Beattie, E and O'Reilly, M and Strange, E and Franklin, S and Isenring, E},
 journal = {International journal of older people nursing},
 number = {1}
}

@article{ kidd_influenza_2014,
  title = {Influenza viruses: update on epidemiology, clinical features, treatment and vaccination},
  volume = {20},
  issn = {1531-6971},
  shorttitle = {Influenza viruses},
  doi = {10.1097/MCP.0000000000000049},
  abstract = {PURPOSE OF REVIEW: In the last decade, sporadic and lethal human disease caused by zoonotic avian influenza viruses, and the seasonal activity of human H1N1 2009 pandemic type have driven intense epidemiological and laboratory studies into the virus life cycle. This article highlights major developments from mid-2012 to early 2014.
RECENT FINDINGS: Advances in molecular techniques and efficient rollout of diagnostic tests have enabled the rapid identification of clinical cases and detailed genetic sequencing of viral genomes. Studies have contributed widely to the understanding of how and when influenza viruses circulate, what determines their innate pathogenicity in particular hosts and whether host cofactors influence disease severity. Other imperatives include investigations into how influenza can be better prevented by vaccination, or treated with antiviral drugs.
SUMMARY: Avian influenza viruses present a continuous threat to human populations. There is a need for sustained surveillance and downstream research to evaluate the potential for future pandemics.},
  language = {eng},
  number = {3},
  journal = {Current Opinion in Pulmonary Medicine},
  author = {Kidd, Mike},
  month = {May},
  year = {2014},
  pmid = {24637227},
  keywords = {Animals, Antiviral Agents, DNA, Viral, Drug Resistance, Viral, Female, Humans, Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype, Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype, Influenza A Virus, H7N9 Subtype, Influenza A virus, Influenza in Birds, Influenza, Human, Male, Pandemics, Poultry, Seasons, Sentinel Surveillance, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Viral Vaccines, Zanamivir},
  pages = {242--246}
}

@article{wiwatanadate_acute_2014,
	title = {Acute air pollution-related symptoms among residents in {Chiang} {Mai}, {Thailand}},
	volume = {76},
	issn = {0022-0892},
	abstract = {Open burnings (forest fires, agricultural, and garbage burnings) are the major sources of air pollution in Chiang Mai, Thailand. A time series prospective study was conducted in which 3025 participants were interviewed for 19 acute symptoms with the daily records of ambient air pollutants: particulate matter less than 10 microm in size (PM10), carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), sulfur dioxide (SO2), and ozone (O3). PM10 was positively associated with blurred vision with an adjusted odds ratio (OR) of 1.009. CO was positively associated with lower lung and heart symptoms with adjusted ORs of 1.137 and 1.117. NO2 was positively associated with nosebleed, larynx symptoms, dry cough, lower lung symptoms, heart symptoms, and eye irritation with the range of adjusted ORs (ROAORs) of 1.024 to 1.229. SO2 was positively associated with swelling feet, skin symptoms, eye irritation, red eyes, and blurred vision with ROAORs of 1.205 to 2.948. Conversely, O3 was negatively related to running nose, burning nose, dry cough, body rash, red eyes, and blurred vision with ROAORs of 0.891 to 0.979.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {6},
	journal = {Journal of Environmental Health},
	author = {Wiwatanadate, Phongtape},
	month = feb,
	year = {2014},
	pmid = {24645417},
	note = {00003 },
	keywords = {Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Air Pollutants, Air Pollution, Environmental Exposure, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Odds Ratio, Particulate Matter, Prospective Studies, Respiration Disorders, Thailand, Weather},
	pages = {76--84}
}

Paper  doi  abstract   bibtex   

@article{aboukais_surgery_2014,
	title = {Surgery followed by radiosurgery: a deliberate valuable strategy in the treatment of intracranial meningioma},
	volume = {124},
	issn = {1872-6968 (Electronic) 0303-8467 (Linking)},
	url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25043442},
	doi = {10.1016/j.clineuro.2014.06.035},
	abstract = {OBJECTIVE: The aim of our study is to show that surgery followed by Gamma Knife Radiosurgery is an effective and safe combined treatment for the control of intracranial meningiomas located close to critical structures. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This retrospective study followed 31 patients with intracranial meningioma between 2005 and 2010. We included patients when initial therapeutic decision was deliberate subtotal surgical resection preparing a target for early postoperative GKR. Early MRI was performed to evaluate the tumor residual volume after surgical procedure. Annual MRI was performed to detect any tumor progression. RESULTS: The mean follow-up was 4.5 years. The mean margin dose was 14.5 Gy and the mean target volume was 2.4 cm3. The mean progression free survival after combined treatment was 4.4 years in the irradiated target volume and 3.9 years on the limit or remotely of irradiated target volume. Of all patients, we recorded 5 tumor progressions after combined treatment, in-field in 1 case and out-of-field in 4 cases. All tumor progressions were high-grade meningiomas. CONCLUSION: Surgery followed by radiosurgery is a safe and effective combined treatment for intracranial meningiomas. We recommend it in case of meningioma located close to critical structures for which it is safer to leave in place a tumor remnant to reduce morbidity.},
	journal = {Clin Neurol Neurosurg},
	author = {Aboukais, R. and Zairi, F. and Reyns, N. and Le Rhun, E. and Touzet, G. and Blond, S. and Lejeune, J. P.},
	month = sep,
	year = {2014},
	keywords = {*Neoplasm Recurrence, Adult, Aged, Disease-Free Survival, Female, Humans, Local, Male, Meningeal Neoplasms/*surgery, Meningioma/*surgery, Middle Aged, Neurosurgical Procedures/*methods, Radiosurgery/*methods, Retrospective Studies, Treatment Outcome},
	pages = {123--6},
}

@article{taylor_all-cause_2013,
	title = {All-cause and cardiovascular mortality in middle-aged people with type 2 diabetes compared with people without diabetes in a large {U}.{K}. primary care database},
	volume = {36},
	issn = {1935-5548},
	doi = {10.2337/dc12-1513},
	abstract = {OBJECTIVE: Middle-aged people with diabetes have been reported to have significantly higher risks of cardiovascular events than people without diabetes. However, recent falls in cardiovascular disease rates and more active management of risk factors may have abolished the increased risk. We aimed to provide an up-to-date assessment of the relative risks associated with type 2 diabetes of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in middle-aged people in the U.K.
RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Using data from the General Practice Research Database, from 2004 to 2010, we conducted a cohort study of 87,098 people, 40-65 years of age at baseline, comparing 21,798 with type 2 diabetes and 65,300 without diabetes, matched on age, sex, and general practice. We produced hazard ratios (HRs) for mortality and compared rates of blood pressure testing, cholesterol monitoring, and use of aspirin, statins, and antihypertensive drugs. RESULTS People with type 2 diabetes, compared with people without diabetes, had a twofold increased risk of all-cause mortality (HR 2.07 [95\% CI 1.95-2.20], adjusted for smoking) and a threefold increased risk of cardiovascular mortality (3.25 [2.87-3.68], adjusted for smoking). Women had a higher relative risk than men, and people {\textless}55 years of age had a higher relative risk than those {\textgreater}55 years of age. Monitoring and medication rates were higher in those with diabetes (all P {\textless} 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS: Despite efforts to manage risk factors, administer effective treatments, and develop new therapies, middle-aged people with type 2 diabetes remain at significantly increased risk of death.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {8},
	journal = {Diabetes Care},
	author = {Taylor, Kathryn S. and Heneghan, Carl J. and Farmer, Andrew J. and Fuller, Alice M. and Adler, Amanda I. and Aronson, Jeffrey K. and Stevens, Richard J.},
	month = aug,
	year = {2013},
	pmid = {23435157},
	pmcid = {PMC3714501},
	keywords = {Adult, Cardiovascular Diseases, Cause of Death, Databases, Factual, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Female, Great Britain, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Risk, Sex Factors},
	pages = {2366--2371}
}

@article{thompson_epidemiological_2013,
	title = {Epidemiological features and risk factors of {Salmonella} gastroenteritis in children resident in {Ho} {Chi} {Minh} {City}, {Vietnam}.},
	volume = {141},
	issn = {1469-4409 0950-2688},
	doi = {10.1017/S0950268812002014},
	abstract = {Non-typhoidal Salmonella are an important but poorly characterized cause of paediatric diarrhoea in developing countries. We conducted a hospital-based case-control study in children aged {\textless}5 years in Ho Chi Minh City to define the epidemiology and examine risk factors associated with Salmonella diarrhoeal infections. From 1419 diarrhoea cases and 571 controls enrolled between 2009 and  2010, 77 (54\%) diarrhoea cases were stool culture-positive for non-typhoidal Salmonella. Salmonella patients were more likely to be younger than controls (median age 10 and 12 months, respectively) [odds ratio (OR) 097; 95\% confidence  interval (CI) 094-099], to report a recent diarrhoeal contact (81\% cases, 18\% controls; OR 598, 95\% CI 18-204) and to live in a household with {\textgreater}2 children (cases 208\%, controls 102\%; OR 232, 95\% CI 12-47). Our findings indicate that Salmonella are an important cause of paediatric gastroenteritis in this setting and we suggest that transmission may occur through direct human contact in the home.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {8},
	journal = {Epidemiology and infection},
	author = {Thompson, C. N. and Phan, V. T. M. and Le, T. P. T. and Pham, T. N. T. and Hoang, L. P. and Ha, V. and Nguyen, V. M. H. and Pham, V. M. and Nguyen, T. V. and Cao, T. T. and Tran, T. T. N. and Nguyen, T. T. H. and Dao, M. T. and Campbell, J. I. and Nguyen, T. C. and Tang, C. T. and Ha, M. T. and Farrar, J. and Baker, S.},
	month = aug,
	year = {2013},
	pmid = {23010148},
	pmcid = {PMC3733064},
	keywords = {*Developing Countries, Bacterial Typing Techniques, Case-Control Studies, Child, Preschool, Diarrhea/*epidemiology/microbiology, Feces/microbiology, Female, Gastroenteritis/*epidemiology/microbiology, Humans, Infant, Male, Prevalence, Risk Factors, Salmonella Infections/*epidemiology/microbiology/transmission, Salmonella/*isolation \& purification, Surveys and Questionnaires, Urban Population, Vietnam/epidemiology},
	pages = {1604--1613},
}

@article{
 title = {Rates of medical errors and preventable adverse events among hospitalized children following implementation of a resident handoff bundle},
 type = {article},
 year = {2013},
 identifiers = {[object Object]},
 keywords = {Boston,Child,Child, Hospitalized,Communication,Electronic Health Records,Female,Hospitals, Pediatric,Humans,Internship and Residency,Intervention Studies,Male,Medical Errors/prevention & control,Patient Admission,Patient Care Team,Patient Handoff/standards,Prospective Studies,Workload},
 pages = {2262-2270},
 volume = {310},
 month = {12},
 day = {4},
 city = {Division of General Pediatrics, Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts2Doernbecher Children's Hospital, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland.},
 id = {018db06d-f7e0-3911-8657-5e153547e9fc},
 created = {2016-08-21T22:18:53.000Z},
 file_attached = {false},
 profile_id = {217ced55-4c79-38dc-838b-4b5ea8df5597},
 group_id = {408d37d9-5f1b-3398-a9f5-5c1a487116d4},
 last_modified = {2017-03-14T09:54:45.334Z},
 read = {false},
 starred = {false},
 authored = {false},
 confirmed = {true},
 hidden = {false},
 source_type = {JOUR},
 notes = {ID: 67732; GR: 1K12HS019456-01/HS/AHRQ HHS/United States; GR: T32 HP10018/PHS HHS/United States; GR: UL1TR000128/TR/NCATS NIH HHS/United States; JID: 7501160; CIN: JAMA. 2013 Dec 4;310(21):2255-6. PMID: 24302086; ppublish},
 folder_uuids = {4da8a58e-a2c5-4458-a19c-93e568b77eb4,4481d550-f7a1-48e7-874d-7663267b606b},
 private_publication = {false},
 abstract = {IMPORTANCE: Handoff miscommunications are a leading cause of medical errors. Studies comprehensively assessing handoff improvement programs are lacking. OBJECTIVE: To determine whether introduction of a multifaceted handoff program was associated with reduced rates of medical errors and preventable adverse events, fewer omissions of key data in written handoffs, improved verbal handoffs, and changes in resident-physician workflow. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: Prospective intervention study of 1255 patient admissions (642 before and 613 after the intervention) involving 84 resident physicians (42 before and 42 after the intervention) from July-September 2009 and November 2009-January 2010 on 2 inpatient units at Boston Children's Hospital. INTERVENTIONS: Resident handoff bundle, consisting of standardized communication and handoff training, a verbal mnemonic, and a new team handoff structure. On one unit, a computerized handoff tool linked to the electronic medical record was introduced. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: The primary outcomes were the rates of medical errors and preventable adverse events measured by daily systematic surveillance. The secondary outcomes were omissions in the printed handoff document and resident time-motion activity. RESULTS: Medical errors decreased from 33.8 per 100 admissions (95% CI, 27.3-40.3) to 18.3 per 100 admissions (95% CI, 14.7-21.9; P < .001), and preventable adverse events decreased from 3.3 per 100 admissions (95% CI, 1.7-4.8) to 1.5 (95% CI, 0.51-2.4) per 100 admissions (P = .04) following the intervention. There were fewer omissions of key handoff elements on printed handoff documents, especially on the unit that received the computerized handoff tool (significant reductions of omissions in 11 of 14 categories with computerized tool; significant reductions in 2 of 14 categories without computerized tool). Physicians spent a greater percentage of time in a 24-hour period at the patient bedside after the intervention (8.3%; 95% CI 7.1%-9.8%) vs 10.6% (95% CI, 9.2%-12.2%; P = .03). The average duration of verbal handoffs per patient did not change. Verbal handoffs were more likely to occur in a quiet location (33.3%; 95% CI, 14.5%-52.2% vs 67.9%; 95% CI, 50.6%-85.2%; P = .03) and private location (50.0%; 95% CI, 30%-70% vs 85.7%; 95% CI, 72.8%-98.7%; P = .007) after the intervention. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: Implementation of a handoff bundle was associated with a significant reduction in medical errors and preventable adverse events among hospitalized children. Improvements in verbal and written handoff processes occurred, and resident workflow did not change adversely.},
 bibtype = {article},
 author = {Starmer, A J and Sectish, T C and Simon, D W and Keohane, C and McSweeney, M E and Chung, E Y and Yoon, C S and Lipsitz, S R and Wassner, A J and Harper, M B and Landrigan, C P},
 journal = {JAMA : the journal of the American Medical Association},
 number = {21}
}

Website  abstract   bibtex   

@article{
 title = {Dynamic data during hypotensive episode improves mortality predictions among patients with sepsis and hypotension.},
 type = {article},
 year = {2013},
 identifiers = {[object Object]},
 keywords = {80 and over,Adult,Aged,Algorithms,Cohort Studies,Comorbidity,Critical Illness,Critical Illness: mortality,Female,Great Britain,Hospital Mortality,Hospital Mortality: trends,Humans,Hypotension,Hypotension: mortality,Intensive Care Units,Male,Middle Aged,Outcome Assessment (Health Care),Predictive Value of Tests,Prognosis,Retrospective Studies,Sepsis,Sepsis: mortality},
 pages = {954-62},
 volume = {41},
 websites = {http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=3609896&tool=pmcentrez&rendertype=abstract},
 month = {4},
 publisher = {NIH Public Access},
 id = {95d7042f-e668-3f25-aeb3-4f00b98dda28},
 created = {2016-03-29T18:26:56.000Z},
 file_attached = {false},
 profile_id = {304786e8-5116-360a-80be-e62833097578},
 group_id = {d7b44578-07c1-3210-ae74-3bcd7f980767},
 last_modified = {2017-03-14T15:45:25.917Z},
 read = {false},
 starred = {false},
 authored = {true},
 confirmed = {true},
 hidden = {false},
 citation_key = {Mayaud_Crit_Care_April_2013},
 source_type = {article},
 private_publication = {false},
 abstract = {OBJECTIVES: To determine if a prediction rule for hospital mortality using dynamic variables in response to treatment of hypotension in patients with sepsis performs better than current models.\n\nDESIGN: Retrospective cohort study.\n\nSETTING: All ICUs at a tertiary care hospital.\n\nPATIENTS: Adult patients admitted to ICUs between 2001 and 2007 of whom 2,113 met inclusion criteria and had sufficient data.\n\nINTERVENTIONS: None.\n\nMEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: We developed a prediction algorithm for hospital mortality in patients with sepsis and hypotension requiring medical intervention using data from the Multiparameter Intelligent Monitoring in Intensive Care II. We extracted 189 candidate variables, including treatments, physiologic variables and laboratory values collected before, during, and after a hypotensive episode. Thirty predictors were identified using a genetic algorithm on a training set (n=1500) and validated with a logistic regression model on an independent validation set (n=613). The final prediction algorithm used included dynamic information and had good discrimination (area under the receiver operating curve=82.0%) and calibration (Hosmer-Lemeshow C statistic=10.43, p=0.06). This model was compared with Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation IV using reclassification indices and was found to be superior with an Net Reclassification Improvement of 0.19 (p<0.001) and an Integrated Discrimination Improvement of 0.09 (p<0.001).\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Hospital mortality predictions based on dynamic variables surrounding a hypotensive event is a new approach to predicting prognosis. A model using these variables has good discrimination and calibration and offers additional predictive prognostic information beyond established ones.},
 bibtype = {article},
 author = {Mayaud, Louis and Lai, Peggy S and Clifford, Gari D and Tarassenko, Lionel and Celi, Leo Anthony and Annane, Djillali},
 journal = {Critical Care Medicine},
 number = {4}
}

Paper  abstract   bibtex   

@article{
 title = {A multi-center retrospective analysis of treatment effects and quality of life in adult patients with cranial ependymomas},
 type = {article},
 year = {2013},
 identifiers = {[object Object]},
 keywords = {Adult,Aged,Brain Neoplasms,Brain Neoplasms: mortality,Brain Neoplasms: pathology,Brain Neoplasms: therapy,Combined Modality Therapy,Cranial Irradiation,Ependymoma,Ependymoma: mortality,Ependymoma: pathology,Ependymoma: therapy,Female,Follow-Up Studies,Humans,Male,Middle Aged,Neurosurgical Procedures,Prognosis,Quality of Life,Retrospective Studies,Survival Rate,Young Adult},
 pages = {319-27},
 volume = {114},
 websites = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23813228},
 month = {9},
 id = {f45c71d6-e421-3cd5-8da7-0d79c822397d},
 created = {2014-04-16T20:14:36.000Z},
 accessed = {2014-04-16},
 file_attached = {true},
 profile_id = {8c4ca2d5-86de-3b5d-86be-8408415f34e0},
 group_id = {a484ae4c-fcac-3c7e-9ac3-3fad0df719a2},
 last_modified = {2014-12-29T21:45:19.000Z},
 read = {true},
 starred = {false},
 authored = {false},
 confirmed = {true},
 hidden = {false},
 abstract = {Long term quality of life data of adult patients harboring intracranial ependymomas have not been reported. The role of adjuvant radiation therapy in Grade II ependymomas is unclear and differs from study to study. We therefore sought to retrospectively analyze outcome and quality of life of adult patients that were operated on intracranial ependymomas at four different surgical centers in two countries. All patients were attempted to be contacted via telephone to assess quality of life (QoL) at the time of the telephone interview. The standard EORTC QoL Questionnaire C30 (EORTC QLQ-C30) and the EORTC QLQ-Brain Cancer Module (QLQ-BN20) were used. 64 adult patients with intracranial ependymomas were included in the study. The only factor that was associated with increased survival was age <55 years (p < 0.001). Supratentorial location was correlated with shorter progression free survival than infratentorial location (PFS; p = 0.048). In WHO Grade II tumors local irradiation did not lead to increased PFS (p = 0.888) or overall survival (p = 0.801). Even for incompletely resected Grade II tumors local irradiation did not lead to a benefit in PFS (p = 0.911). In a multivariate analysis of QoL, irradiated patients had significantly worse scores in the item "fatigue" (p = 0.037) than non-irradiated patients. Here we present QoL data of adult patients with intracranial ependymomas. Our data show that local radiation therapy may have long-term effects on patients' QoL. Since in the incompletely resected Grade II tumors local irradiation did not lead to a benefit in PFS in this retrospective study, prospective randomized studies are necessary. In addition to age, supratentorial tumor location is associated with a worse prognosis in adult ependymoma patients.},
 bibtype = {article},
 author = {Dützmann, Stephan and Schatlo, Bawarjan and Lobrinus, Alexander and Murek, Michael and Wostrack, Maria and Weiss, Carolin and Schaller, Karl and Raabe, Andreas and Meyer, Bernhard and Goldbrunner, Roland and Franz, Kea and Seifert, Volker and Senft, Christian},
 journal = {Journal of Neuro-Oncology},
 number = {3}
}

Website  abstract   bibtex   

@article{
 title = {Dedicated orthopedic operating room unit improves operating room efficiency},
 type = {article},
 year = {2013},
 identifiers = {[object Object]},
 keywords = {*Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip,*Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee,*Operating Rooms/og [Organization & Administration,*Process Assessment (Health Care),Aged,Chi-Square Distribution,Comorbidity,Efficiency, Organizational,Female,Humans,Logistic Models,Male,Middle Aged,Operative Time,Propensity Score,Retrospective Studies,Time Management},
 pages = {1066-1071.e2},
 volume = {28},
 websites = {http://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&CSC=Y&NEWS=N&PAGE=fulltext&D=medl&AN=23540542},
 id = {8091b854-98a0-398e-98d0-e184b2c6c718},
 created = {2019-03-19T15:08:10.483Z},
 file_attached = {false},
 profile_id = {59e4d4d9-485f-3c31-ad40-2ced068886ad},
 group_id = {e95745c0-49e9-3434-b20f-63583e8a5d27},
 last_modified = {2019-04-08T15:08:01.163Z},
 read = {true},
 starred = {false},
 authored = {false},
 confirmed = {false},
 hidden = {false},
 source_type = {Journal Article},
 language = {English},
 notes = {Small, Travis J
Gad, Bishoy V
Klika, Alison K
Mounir-Soliman, Loran S
Gerritsen, Ryan L
Barsoum, Wael K
S0883-5403(13)00160-5},
 folder_uuids = {f8a142dd-eb80-496b-b5d6-fb6d3b05d3d1},
 private_publication = {false},
 abstract = {We investigated the effectiveness of dedicated orthopedic operating rooms (OR) on minimizing time spent on perioperative processes to increase OR throughput in total knee and hip arthroplasty procedures. The use of a dedicated orthopedic unit that included 6 ORs with staff allocated only for those ORs was compared to the use of a traditional staffing model. After matching to simulate randomization, each group consisted of 422 procedures. The dedicated orthopedic unit improved average anesthesia controlled time by 4 minutes (P<.001), operative time by 7 minutes (P=.004) and turnover time by 8 minutes (P<.001). An overall improvement of 19 minutes per procedure using the dedicated unit was observed. Utilizing a dedicated orthopedic unit can save time without increasing adverse events.Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.},
 bibtype = {article},
 author = {Small, T J and Gad, B V and Klika, A K and Mounir-Soliman, L S and Gerritsen, R L and Barsoum, W K},
 journal = {Journal of Arthroplasty},
 number = {7}
}

@article{tan_identification_2013,
	title = {Identification of a new cyclovirus in cerebrospinal fluid of patients with acute  central nervous system infections.},
	volume = {4},
	issn = {2150-7511},
	doi = {10.1128/mBio.00231-13},
	abstract = {Acute central nervous system (CNS) infections cause substantial morbidity and mortality, but the etiology remains unknown in a large proportion of cases. We identified and characterized the full genome of a novel cyclovirus (tentatively named cyclovirus-Vietnam [CyCV-VN]) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) specimens of two Vietnamese patients with CNS infections of unknown etiology. CyCV-VN was subsequently detected in 4\% of 642 CSF specimens from Vietnamese patients with suspected CNS infections and none of 122 CSFs from patients with noninfectious neurological disorders. Detection rates were similar in patients with CNS infections of unknown etiology and those in whom other pathogens were detected. A similar detection rate in feces from healthy children suggested food-borne or orofecal transmission routes, while high detection rates in feces from pigs and poultry (average, 58\%) suggested the existence of animal reservoirs for such transmission. Further research is needed to address the epidemiology and pathogenicity of this novel, potentially zoonotic virus.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {3},
	journal = {mBio},
	author = {Tan, Le Van and van Doorn, H. Rogier and Nghia, Ho Dang Trung and Chau, Tran Thi Hong and Tu, Le Thi Phuong and de Vries, Michel and Canuti, Marta and Deijs, Martin and Jebbink, Maarten F. and Baker, Stephen and Bryant, Juliet E. and Tham, Nguyen Thi and BKrong, Nguyen Thi Thuy Chinh and Boni, Maciej F. and Loi, Tran Quoc and Phuong, Le Thi and Verhoeven, Joost T. P. and Crusat, Martin and Jeeninga, Rienk E. and Schultsz, Constance and Chau, Nguyen Van Vinh and Hien, Tran Tinh and van der Hoek, Lia and Farrar, Jeremy and de Jong, Menno D.},
	month = jun,
	year = {2013},
	pmid = {23781068},
	pmcid = {PMC3684831},
	keywords = {Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Animals, Central Nervous System Infections/epidemiology/*virology, Child, Child, Preschool, Circoviridae Infections/epidemiology/*virology, Circoviridae/*classification/genetics/*isolation \& purification, Cluster Analysis, DNA, Viral/chemistry/genetics, Female, Genome, Viral, Humans, Infant, Male, Middle Aged, Molecular Sequence Data, Phylogeny, Prevalence, Prospective Studies, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Vietnam, Young Adult},
	pages = {e00231--00213},
}

@article{theophile_comparison_2013,
	title = {Comparison of three methods (an updated logistic probabilistic method, the {Naranjo} and {Liverpool} algorithms) for the evaluation of routine pharmacovigilance case reports using consensual expert judgement as reference},
	volume = {36},
	issn = {1179-1942},
	doi = {10.1007/s40264-013-0083-1},
	abstract = {BACKGROUND: An updated probabilistic causality assessment method and the Liverpool algorithm presented as an improved version of the Naranjo algorithm, one of the most used and accepted causality assessment methods, have recently been proposed.
OBJECTIVE: In order to test the validity of the probabilistic method in routine pharmacovigilance, results provided by the Naranjo and Liverpool algorithms, as well as the updated probabilistic method, were each compared with a consensual expert judgement taken as reference.
METHODS: A sample of 59 drug-event pairs randomly sampled from spontaneous reports to the French pharmacovigilance system was assessed by expert judgement until reaching consensus and by members of a pharmacovigilance unit using the updated probabilistic method, the Naranjo and Liverpool algorithms. Probabilities given by the probabilistic method, and categories obtained by both the Naranjo and the Liverpool algorithms were compared as well as their sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values.
RESULTS: The median probability for drug causation given by the consensual expert judgement was 0.70 (inter-quartile range, IQR 0.54-0.84) versus 0.77 (IQR 0.54-0.91) for the probabilistic method. For the Naranjo algorithm, the 'possible' causality category was predominant (61 \%), followed by 'probable' (35 \%), 'doubtful', and 'almost certain' categories (2 \% each). Category distribution obtained with the Liverpool algorithm was similar to that obtained by the Naranjo algorithm with a majority of 'possible' (61 \%) and 'probable' (30 \%) followed by 'definite' (7 \%) and 'unlikely' (2 \%). For the probabilistic method, sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values were 0.96, 0.56, 0.92 and 0.71, respectively. For the Naranjo algorithm, depending on whether the 'possible' category was considered in favour or in disfavour of drug causation, sensitivity was, respectively, 1 or 0.42, specificity 0.11 or 0.89, negative predictive value 1 or 0.22 and positive predictive value 0.86 or 0.95; results were identical for the Liverpool algorithm.
CONCLUSION: The logistic probabilistic method gave results closer to the consensual expert judgment than either the Naranjo or Liverpool algorithms whose performance were strongly dependent on the meaning given to the 'possible' category. Owing to its good sensitivity and positive predictive value and by providing results as continuous probabilities, the probabilistic method seems worthy to use for a trustable assessment of adverse drug reactions in routine practice.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {10},
	journal = {Drug Safety},
	author = {Théophile, Hélène and André, Manon and Miremont-Salamé, Ghada and Arimone, Yannick and Bégaud, Bernard},
	month = oct,
	year = {2013},
	pmid = {23828659},
	keywords = {Adolescent, Adult, Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting Systems, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Algorithms, Child, Preschool, Consensus, Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions, Expert Testimony, Female, France, Humans, Infant, Judgment, Logistic Models, Male, Middle Aged, Pharmaceutical Preparations, Pharmacovigilance, Sensitivity and Specificity},
	pages = {1033--1044}
}

@article{jameson_impact_2013,
	title = {Impact of lipid-lowering therapy on the prevalence of dyslipidaemia in patients at high-risk of cardiovascular events in {UK} primary care - a retrospective database study},
	volume = {67},
	issn = {1742-1241},
	doi = {10.1111/ijcp.12238},
	abstract = {AIMS: To estimate the prevalence of dyslipidaemias in high-risk patients new to lipid-modifying therapy (LMT), and establish the extent to which these lipid abnormalities are addressed by treatment in UK clinical practice.
METHODS: The PRIMULA study was a retrospective analysis, conducted using the UK General Practice Research Database. Two periods were studied as follows: a pretreatment period, defined as the 12 months before initiation of LMT (the index date), and a follow-up period of at least 12 months. Patients included in the study (n = 25,011) had dyslipidaemia with at least one abnormal lipid measurement [total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) or triglycerides (TG)] in the pretreatment period. All patients were at high risk of cardiovascular events, which was defined as having a history of cardiovascular disease, a 10-year Framingham risk score higher than 20\%, diabetes or hypertension, as defined by the Joint British Societies 2 guidelines.
RESULTS: At the index date, 98\% of patients were initiated on statin monotherapy. After 12 months of treatment, 15.2\% (sub-group range: 11.0-22.9\%) of all high-risk patients had no lipid abnormalities. The proportions of patients with high TC or LDL-C levels decreased from 98.8\% to 68.9\%, and from 99.2\% to 68.7\%, respectively, over 12 months. The prevalence of high TG levels decreased from 45.0\% to 26.9\%, whereas that of low HDL-C levels increased, from 16.6\% to 18.0\%. Risk factors for cardiovascular events were not consistently associated with the likelihood of attaining optimal lipid levels.
CONCLUSIONS: Despite widespread use of statins, many individuals at high risk of cardiovascular events have persistently abnormal lipid levels, with over two-thirds of patients not achieving target levels of LDL-C or TC. Management of dyslipidaemia is therefore suboptimal in this important high-risk group in UK standard practice.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {12},
	journal = {International Journal of Clinical Practice},
	author = {Jameson, K. and Amber, V. and D'Oca, K. and Mills, D. and Giles, A. and Ambegaonkar, B.},
	month = dec,
	year = {2013},
	pmid = {23944233},
	pmcid = {PMC4232237},
	keywords = {Adult, Aged, Cardiovascular Diseases, Cholesterol, HDL, Cholesterol, LDL, Cross-Sectional Studies, Dyslipidemias, Female, Great Britain, Humans, Hypolipidemic Agents, Male, Middle Aged, Prevalence, Retrospective Studies, Risk Factors},
	pages = {1228--1237}
}

Website  abstract   bibtex   

@article{
 title = {Quantitative evaluation of white matter tract DTI parameter changes in gliomas using nonlinear registration.},
 type = {article},
 year = {2012},
 identifiers = {[object Object]},
 keywords = {Adult,Anisotropy,Brain Mapping,Brain Mapping: methods,Brain Neoplasms,Brain Neoplasms: pathology,Computer-Assisted,Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging,Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging: methods,Female,Glioma,Glioma: pathology,Humans,Image Interpretation,Male,Middle Aged},
 pages = {2309-15},
 volume = {60},
 websites = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22387173},
 month = {5},
 day = {1},
 id = {52c453a0-39cf-3063-98b2-f969182bb93f},
 created = {2014-02-21T01:56:21.000Z},
 accessed = {2014-01-28},
 file_attached = {false},
 profile_id = {c9197201-0e1b-30a7-a154-39d024463beb},
 last_modified = {2017-03-16T10:25:05.903Z},
 read = {false},
 starred = {false},
 authored = {true},
 confirmed = {true},
 hidden = {false},
 abstract = {Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) has been used extensively to investigate white matter architecture in the brain. In the context of neurological disease, quantification of DTI data sets enables objective characterisation of the associated pathological changes. The aim of this study is to propose a method of evaluating DTI parameter changes in gliomas in the internal capsule using nonlinear registration to delineate the white matter and enable quantitative assessment of DTI derived parameters. 20 patients selected pre-operatively with probable grade 2 or grade 3 glioma on structural MRI along with ten normal volunteers were included in this study. DTI fractional anisotropy (FA) maps were used to define a common segmented FA skeleton that was projected back onto the original individual FA maps. Objective segment classification as normal or abnormal was achieved by comparison to prediction intervals of FA and mean diffusivity (MD) defined in normal subjects. The internal capsules of each patient were segmented into 10 regions of interest (ROI) with 20 and 16 segments across the group having significantly increased or decreased FA and MD values respectively. Seven glioma patients had abnormal DTI parameters in the internal capsule. We show that the classification of tract segments was consistent with disruption, oedema or compression. The results suggest that this method could be used to detect changes in eloquent white matter tracts in individual patients.},
 bibtype = {article},
 author = {Miller, P and Coope, D and Thompson, G and Jackson, A and Herholz, K},
 journal = {NeuroImage},
 number = {4}
}

Paper  doi  abstract   bibtex   

@article{timpka_performance_2012,
	title = {Performance in physical education and health impairment 30 years later - {A} community based cohort study.},
	volume = {7},
	issn = {1932-6203 1932-6203},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0035718},
	doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0035718},
	abstract = {OBJECTIVE: A main purpose of physical education (PE) in school is to promote future health. However, there is very limited evidence of the effects of PE on the adult health. We hypothesized that a low performance in PE was associated with an increased risk of health impairment by middle age. METHODS: We performed  a cohort study in a community-based setting in Sweden spanning over three decades. We followed up on 1712 of 2225 students (76.9\%) who in 1974-1976 graduated with a grade in PE after 9 years of education (mean subject age 16 years). The grade in PE (compulsory subject) was retrieved from municipal archives. We defined three proxies for health impairment: total number of visits  to primary care physicians in 2003-2007, having been hospitalized 2003-2007, and  total number of days with sick leave in 2004-2007. Using binomial regression models, we adjusted the risk estimates for level of education and occupation. Subjects with an average grade in PE served as reference category. RESULTS: In both the crude and adjusted model, women with a low grade in PE had more physician visits (adjusted IRR 1.30, 95\% confidence interval 1.06-1.60) and an increased number of days with sick leave (adjusted IRR 1.44, 1.05-1.95). An increased, although not significant, risk was also observed for having received in-patient care (adjusted RR 1.26; 0.88-1.80). No significant results or similar  pattern were observed in men. CONCLUSION: Women with a low grade in PE in adolescence seem to have an increased risk of health impairment by middle age, raising the question of early primary prevention towards these students in particular.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {4},
	journal = {PloS one},
	author = {Timpka, Simon and Petersson, Ingemar F. and Rylance, Rebecca and Kedza, Ljuba and Englund, Martin},
	year = {2012},
	pmid = {22539996},
	pmcid = {PMC3335085},
	keywords = {*Health Status, *Physical Education and Training, Cohort Studies, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Male, Middle Aged},
	pages = {e35718},
}

Paper  doi  abstract   bibtex   

@article{guermazi_prevalence_2012,
	title = {Prevalence of abnormalities in knees detected by {MRI} in adults without knee osteoarthritis: {Population} based observational study ({Framingham} {Osteoarthritis} {Study}).},
	volume = {345},
	issn = {1756-1833 0959-535X},
	url = {http://www.bmj.com/content/345/bmj.e5339},
	doi = {10.1136/bmj.e5339},
	abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To examine use of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of knees with no radiographic evidence of osteoarthritis to determine the prevalence of structural lesions associated with osteoarthritis and their relation to age, sex, and obesity. DESIGN: Population based observational study. SETTING: Community cohort  in Framingham, MA, United States (Framingham osteoarthritis study). PARTICIPANTS: 710 people aged {\textgreater}50 who had no radiographic evidence of knee osteoarthritis (Kellgren-Lawrence grade 0) and who underwent MRI of the knee. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Prevalence of MRI findings that are suggestive of knee osteoarthritis (osteophytes, cartilage damage, bone marrow lesions, subchondral cysts, meniscal  lesions, synovitis, attrition, and ligamentous lesions) in all participants and after stratification by age, sex, body mass index (BMI), and the presence or absence of knee pain. Pain was assessed by three different questions and also by  WOMAC questionnaire. RESULTS: Of the 710 participants, 393 (55\%) were women, 660  (93\%) were white, and 206 (29\%) had knee pain in the past month. The mean age was 62.3 years and mean BMI was 27.9. Prevalence of "any abnormality" was 89\% (631/710) overall. Osteophytes were the most common abnormality among all participants (74\%, 524/710), followed by cartilage damage (69\%, 492/710) and bone marrow lesions (52\%, 371/710). The higher the age, the higher the prevalence of all types of abnormalities detectable by MRI. There were no significant differences in the prevalence of any of the features between BMI groups. The prevalence of at least one type of pathology ("any abnormality") was high in both painful (90-97\%, depending on pain definition) and painless (86-88\%) knees. CONCLUSIONS: MRI shows lesions in the tibiofemoral joint in most middle aged and  elderly people in whom knee radiographs do not show any features of osteoarthritis, regardless of pain.},
	language = {eng},
	journal = {BMJ (Clinical research ed.)},
	author = {Guermazi, Ali and Niu, Jingbo and Hayashi, Daichi and Roemer, Frank W. and Englund, Martin and Neogi, Tuhina and Aliabadi, Piran and McLennan, Christine E. and Felson, David T.},
	year = {2012},
	pmid = {22932918},
	pmcid = {PMC3430365},
	keywords = {*Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Adult, Age Distribution, Aged, Body Mass Index, Bone Cysts, Bone Cysts/*pathology, Bone Marrow, Bone Marrow/abnormalities, Cartilage, Cohort Studies, Female, Humans, Knee, Knee/*abnormalities, Ligaments, Articular/abnormalities, Ligaments,Articular, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Massachusetts, Massachusetts/epidemiology, Medicine, Menisci, Tibial/abnormalities, Menisci,Tibial, Middle Aged, Obesity, Obesity/complications, Osteoarthritis, Osteoarthritis, Knee/diagnosis, Osteoarthritis,Knee, Osteophyte, Osteophyte/pathology, Pain, Pain Measurement, Patella, Patella/*abnormalities, Population, Predictive Value of Tests, Prevalence, Research, Risk Factors, Sensitivity and Specificity, Sex, Sex Distribution, Synovitis, Synovitis/pathology, United States, abnormalities, complications, diagnosis, epidemiology, pathology},
	pages = {e5339},
}

@article{looker_lumbar_2012-1,
	title = {Lumbar spine and proximal femur bone mineral density, bone mineral content, and bone area: {United} {States}, 2005-2008},
	issn = {0083-1980},
	shorttitle = {Lumbar spine and proximal femur bone mineral density, bone mineral content, and bone area},
	abstract = {OBJECTIVE: This report presents bone measurement data from dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scans of the lumbar spine and proximal femur for persons aged 8 years and over from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2005-2008.
METHODS: Means, standard deviations, and selected percentiles were calculated for the proximal femur and lumbar spine (total and subregions) by sex, race and ethnicity, and age. Smoothed mean total lumbar spine and femur neck bone mineral density (BMD) were plotted by age, sex, and race and ethnicity. Multiple regression was used to test for significant interactions and to calculate mean total lumbar spine and femur neck BMD after adjusting for age, sex, and race and ethnicity. Differences by sex, race and ethnicity, and age were summarized by calculating the percent difference in adjusted means.
RESULTS: Among scanned individuals, 11\% lacked total lumbar spine data due to invalid data for one or more lumbar vertebrae, and 4\% had invalid data for the proximal femur. Non-Hispanic black persons had 6\% higher total lumbar spine BMD and 9\%-10\% higher femur neck BMD than non-Hispanic white persons. Mean total lumbar spine BMD and femur neck BMD did not differ between Mexican-American and non-Hispanic white persons in those under age 20. For those aged 20 and over, Mexican-American persons had 4\% lower total lumbar spine BMD but 1\% higher femur neck BMD than non-Hispanic white persons. Mean total lumbar spine BMD was 8\%-17\% higher in females aged 8-15 compared with males of the same age. In the age group 16-49, mean total lumbar spine BMD was similar or slightly higher for females compared with males, but after age 50 it was 60\%-15\% lower for females compared with males. Mean femur neck BMD was 5\%-13\% lower for females than males in all age groups except 12-15.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {251},
	journal = {Vital and Health Statistics. Series 11, Data from the National Health Survey},
	author = {Looker, Anne C. and Borrud, Lori G. and Hughes, Jeffery P. and Fan, Bo and Shepherd, John A. and Melton, L. Joseph},
	month = mar,
	year = {2012},
	pmid = {24261130},
	keywords = {Absorptiometry, Photon, Adolescent, Adult, Age Factors, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Bone Density, Child, Ethnic Groups, Female, Femur, Humans, Lumbar Vertebrae, Male, Middle Aged, Nutrition Surveys, Regression Analysis, Sex Factors, United States, Young Adult},
	pages = {1--132}
}

@article{spoendlin_study_2012,
	title = {A study on the epidemiology of rosacea in the {U}.{K}},
	volume = {167},
	issn = {1365-2133},
	doi = {10.1111/j.1365-2133.2012.11037.x},
	abstract = {BACKGROUND: Rosacea is a chronic facial skin disease of unclear origin. Epidemiological data are scarce and controversial, with reported prevalences ranging from 0·09\% to 22\%. To our knowledge, incidence rates have not been quantified before.
OBJECTIVES: In this observational study we quantified incidence rates of diagnosed rosacea in the U.K. and described demographic characteristics and the prevalence of ocular symptoms in patients with rosacea. We compared lifestyle factors such as smoking and alcohol consumption between patients with rosacea and controls.
METHODS: Using the U.K.-based General Practice Research Database, we identified patients with an incident diagnosis of rosacea between 1995 and 2009 and matched them (1:1) to rosacea-free control patients. We assessed person-time of all patients at risk and assessed incidence rates of rosacea, stratified by age, sex, year of diagnosis and region.
RESULTS: We identified 60,042 rosacea cases and 60,042 controls (61·5\% women). The overall incidence rate for diagnosed rosacea in the U.K. was 1·65 per 1000 person-years. Rosacea was diagnosed in some 80\% of cases after the age of 30 years. Ocular symptoms were recorded in 20·8\% of cases at the index date. We observed a significantly reduced relative risk of developing rosacea among current smokers (odds ratio 0·64, 95\% confidence interval 0·62-0·67). Alcohol consumption was associated with a marginal risk increase.
CONCLUSIONS: We quantified incidence rates and characteristics of patients with rosacea diagnosed in clinical practice in a large epidemiological study using primary care data from the U.K. Smoking was associated with a substantially reduced risk of developing rosacea.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {3},
	journal = {The British Journal of Dermatology},
	author = {Spoendlin, J. and Voegel, J. J. and Jick, S. S. and Meier, C. R.},
	month = sep,
	year = {2012},
	pmid = {22564022},
	keywords = {Adolescent, Adult, Age Distribution, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Alcohol Drinking, Child, Child, Preschool, Diagnosis, Differential, Epidemiologic Methods, Female, Great Britain, Humans, Infant, Life Style, Male, Middle Aged, Rosacea, Smoking, Young Adult, incidence},
	pages = {598--605}
}

@article{fuchs_icu_2012,
	title = {{ICU} admission characteristics and mortality rates among elderly and very elderly patients},
	volume = {38},
	issn = {1432-1238},
	doi = {10.1007/s00134-012-2629-6},
	abstract = {PURPOSE: The effect of advanced age per se versus severity of chronic and acute diseases on the short- and long-term survival of older patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) remains unclear.
METHODS: Intensive care unit admissions to the surgical ICU and medical ICU of patients older than 65 years were analyzed. Patients were divided into three age groups: 65-74, 75-84, and 85 and above. The primary endpoints were 28-day and 1-year mortality.
RESULTS: The analysis focused on 7,265 patients above the age of 65, representing 45.7 \% of the total ICU population. From the first to third age group there was increased prevalence of heart failure (25.9-40.3 \%), cardiac arrhythmia (24.6-43.5 \%), and valvular heart disease (7.5-15.8 \%). There was reduced prevalence of diabetes complications (7.5-2.4 \%), alcohol abuse (4.1-0.6 \%), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (24.4-17.4 \%), and liver failure (5.0-1.0 \%). Logistic regression analysis adjusted for gender, sequential organ failure assessment, do not resuscitate, and Elixhauser score found that patients from the second and third age group had odds ratios of 1.38 [95 \% confidence interval (CI) 1.19-1.59] and 1.53 (95 \% CI 1.29-1.81) for 28-day mortality as compared with the first age group. Cox regression analysis for 1-year mortality in all populations and in 28-day survivors showed the same trend.
CONCLUSIONS: The proportion of elderly patients from the total ICU population is high. With advancing age, the proportion of various preexisting comorbidities and the primary reason for ICU admission change. Advanced age should be regarded as a significant independent risk factor for mortality, especially for ICU patients older than 75.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {10},
	journal = {Intensive Care Medicine},
	author = {Fuchs, Lior and Chronaki, Catherine E. and Park, Shinhyuk and Novack, Victor and Baumfeld, Yael and Scott, Daniel and McLennan, Stuart and Talmor, Daniel and Celi, Leo},
	month = oct,
	year = {2012},
	pmid = {22797350},
	pmcid = {PMC5718912},
	keywords = {Acute Disease, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Chronic Disease, Comorbidity, Critical Care, Demography, Female, Hospital Mortality, Hospitalization, Humans, Intensive Care Units, Male, Outcome Assessment (Health Care), Patient Admission, Risk Factors, Survival Analysis},
	pages = {1654--1661}
}

@article{kimura_clinical_2012,
	title = {Clinical characteristics of patients with remitting seronegative symmetrical synovitis with pitting edema compared to patients with pure polymyalgia rheumatica},
	volume = {39},
	issn = {0315-162X},
	doi = {10.3899/jrheum.110558},
	abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To compare clinical features of patients with remitting seronegative symmetrical synovitis with pitting edema (RS3PE) and patients with polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) and to explore the purported association between RS3PE and malignancy.
METHODS: We did a retrospective chart review of patients with RS3PE and PMR treated in a community-based hospital between January 2000 and December 2009. Outcomes assessed were clinical course of disease and associated malignancies.
RESULTS: We identified 28 patients with RS3PE and 123 with pure PMR. All patients with RS3PE fulfilled PMR criteria as well. Age, comorbidity, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, duration and progression of symptoms, treatment response to initial low-dose steroids, and steroid complication rates were similar in both groups. Patients with RS3PE were more likely to be male (79\% vs 41\%; p = 0.001) and to have a history of smoking (39\% vs 15\%; p = 0.008) and a higher rate of depression (11\% vs 2\%; p = 0.044) at diagnosis. Among those with RS3PE, hip pain was less common (39\% vs 74\%; p = 0.001) than in the PMR group. No patients with RS3PE and 6 patients with pure PMR (4.9\%) developed another rheumatological disease during followup. Seven of 9 patients (78\%) with concurrent cancer presented slightly more frequently with systemic symptoms compared to patients without cancer (48\%; p = 0.098), especially with fatigue (56\% vs 22\%; p = 0.037) and anorexia (33\% vs 9.0\%; p = 0.047). Despite rigorous cancer screening in patients with RS3PE, however, the rate of associated malignancy was not statistically different from that of patients with pure PMR [2 (7\%) vs 7 (6\%), respectively; p = 0.673].
CONCLUSION: Despite evidence that RS3PE is clinically distinct from PMR, we observed characteristics, treatment response, and outcomes like those expected in pure PMR. Compared to patients with pure PMR, patients with RS3PE are more likely to be male, to be depressed, and to smoke. Contrary to earlier studies, no clear association of RS3PE with malignancy was found despite rigorous cancer screening, although clinicians should be aware that patients with concurrent cancer may manifest more systemic signs and symptoms, as well as steroid resistance.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {1},
	journal = {The Journal of Rheumatology},
	author = {Kimura, Makiko and Tokuda, Yasuharu and Oshiawa, Hideto and Yoshida, Kazuki and Utsunomiya, Masako and Kobayashi, Tatsuo and Deshpande, Gautam A. and Matsui, Kazuo and Kishimoto, Mitsumasa},
	month = jan,
	year = {2012},
	pmid = {22174210},
	keywords = {Adrenal Cortex Hormones, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal, Diagnosis, Differential, Disease Progression, Edema, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Neoplasms, Polymyalgia Rheumatica, Retrospective Studies, Synovitis},
	pages = {148--153}
}

@article{hori_use_2012,
	title = {Use of traditional environmental knowledge to assess the impact of climate change on subsistence fishing in the {James} {Bay} {Region} of {Northern} {Ontario}, {Canada}},
	volume = {12},
	issn = {1445-6354},
	abstract = {INTRODUCTION: In Canada, unique food security challenges are being faced by Aboriginal people living in remote-northern communities due to the impacts of climate change on subsistence harvesting. This study used traditional environmental knowledge (TEK) to investigate whether there was a temporal relationship between extreme climatic events in the summer of 2005, and fish die-offs in the Albany River, northern Ontario, Canada. Also, TEK was utilized to examine a potential shift in subsistence fish species distribution due to climate change.
METHODS: To investigate whether there was a temporal relationship between the fish die-offs of July 2005 (as identified by TEK) and an extreme climatic event, temperature and daily precipitation data for Moosonee weather station were utilized. To determine if there was an increasing trend in mean maximal summer temperatures with year, temperature data were examined, using regression analysis. Present-day fish distributions were determined using unpublished TEK data collated from previous studies and purposive, semi-directive interviews with elders and experienced bushman.
RESULTS: Fish die-offs in 2005 occurred during the time period 11-18 July, as reported by participants. Recorded air-temperature maxima of the two July 2005 heat waves delineate exactly the time period of fish die-offs. Two heat waves occurring during the same summer season and so close together has never before been recorded for this region. A highly significant (p {\textless} 0.0009) positive relationship between mean maximal summer temperatures and year was evident. Regionally novel fish species were not apparent, utilizing TEK.
CONCLUSIONS: Traditional environmental knowledge coupled with climate data revealed temporal relationships between extreme climatic events in 2005, and fish die-offs in the Albany River. Thus, climate change can directly impact food security by decreasing the number of fish through mortality - and indirectly through population dynamics - by impacting the yield of fish subsistence harvests in the future. By contrast, TEK did not reveal northward expansion of novel fish species in the Albany River or fish distributional contraction in the western James Bay region.},
	language = {eng},
	journal = {Rural and Remote Health},
	author = {Hori, Yukari and Tam, Benita and Gough, William A. and Ho-Foong, Elise and Karagatzides, Jim D. and Liberda, Eric N. and Tsuji, Leonard J. S.},
	year = {2012},
	pmid = {22471525},
	keywords = {Animals, Climate Change, Culture, Ecosystem, Environmental Health, Fishes, Food Supply, Humans, Indians, North American, Interviews as Topic, Knowledge, Male, Ontario, Temperature},
	pages = {1878}
}

@article{kelly_london_2011,
	title = {The {London} low emission zone baseline study},
	issn = {1041-5505},
	abstract = {On February 4, 2008, the world's largest low emission zone (LEZ) was established. At 2644 km2, the zone encompasses most of Greater London. It restricts the entry of the oldest and most polluting diesel vehicles, including heavy-goods vehicles (haulage trucks), buses and coaches, larger vans, and minibuses. It does not apply to cars or motorcycles. The LEZ scheme will introduce increasingly stringent Euro emissions standards over time. The creation of this zone presented a unique opportunity to estimate the effects of a stepwise reduction in vehicle emissions on air quality and health. Before undertaking such an investigation, robust baseline data were gathered on air quality and the oxidative activity and metal content of particulate matter (PM) from air pollution monitors located in Greater London. In addition, methods were developed for using databases of electronic primary-care records in order to evaluate the zone's health effects. Our study began in 2007, using information about the planned restrictions in an agreed-upon LEZ scenario and year-on-year changes in the vehicle fleet in models to predict air pollution concentrations in London for the years 2005, 2008, and 2010. Based on this detailed emissions and air pollution modeling, the areas in London were then identified that were expected to show the greatest changes in air pollution concentrations and population exposures after the implementation of the LEZ. Using these predictions, the best placement of a pollution monitoring network was determined and the feasibility of evaluating the health effects using electronic primary-care records was assessed. To measure baseline pollutant concentrations before the implementation of the LEZ, a comprehensive monitoring network was established close to major roadways and intersections. Output-difference plots from statistical modeling for 2010 indicated seven key areas likely to experience the greatest change in concentrations of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) (at least 3 microg/m3) and of PM with an aerodynamic diameter {\textless} or = 10 microm (PM10) (at least 0.75 microg/m3) as a result of the LEZ; these suggested that the clearest signals of change were most likely to be measured near roadsides. The seven key areas were also likely to be of importance in carrying out a study to assess the health outcomes of an air quality intervention like the LEZ. Of the seven key areas, two already had monitoring sites with a full complement of equipment, four had monitoring sites that required upgrades of existing equipment, and one required a completely new installation. With the upgrades and new installations in place, fully ratified (verified) pollutant data (for PM10, PM with an aerodynamic diameter {\textless} or = 2.5 microm [PM2.5], nitrogen oxides [NOx], and ozone [O3] at all sites as well as for particle number, black smoke [BS], carbon monoxide [CO], and sulfur dioxide [SO2] at selected sites) were then collected for analysis. In addition, the seven key monitoring sites were supported by other sites in the London Air Quality Network (LAQN). From these, a robust set of baseline air quality data was produced. Data from automatic and manual traffic counters as well as automatic license-plate recognition cameras were used to compile detailed vehicle profiles. This enabled us to establish more precise associations between ambient pollutant concentrations and vehicle emissions. An additional goal of the study was to collect baseline PM data in order to test the hypothesis that changes in traffic densities and vehicle mixes caused by the LEZ would affect the oxidative potential and metal content of ambient PM10 and PM2.5. The resulting baseline PM data set was the first to describe, in detail, the oxidative potential and metal content of the PM10 and PM2.5 of a major city's airshed. PM in London has considerable oxidative potential; clear differences in this measure were found from site to site, with evidence that the oxidative potential of both PM10 and PM2.5 at roadside monitoring sites was higher than at urban background locations. In the PM10 samples this increased oxidative activity appeared to be associated with increased concentrations of copper (Cu), barium (Ba), and bathophenanthroline disulfonate-mobilized iron (BPS Fe) in the roadside samples. In the PM2.5 samples, no simple association could be seen, suggesting that other unmeasured components were driving the increased oxidative potential in this fraction of the roadside samples. These data suggest that two components were contributing to the oxidative potential of roadside PM, namely Cu and BPS Fe in the coarse fraction of PM (PM with an aerodynamic diameter of 2.5 microm to 10 microm; PM(2.5-10)) and an unidentified redox catalyst in PM2.5. The data derived for this baseline study confirmed key observations from a more limited spatial mapping exercise published in our earlier HEI report on the introduction of the London's Congestion Charging Scheme (CCS) in 2003 (Kelly et al. 2011a,b). In addition, the data set in the current report provided robust baseline information on the oxidative potential and metal content of PM found in the London airshed in the period before implementation of the LEZ; the finding that a proportion of the oxidative potential appears in the PM coarse mode and is apparently related to brake wear raises important issues regarding the nature of traffic management schemes. The final goal of this baseline study was to establish the feasibility, in ethical and operational terms, of using the U.K.'s electronic primary-care records to evaluate the effects of the LEZ on human health outcomes. Data on consultations and prescriptions were compiled from a pilot group of general practices (13 distributed across London, with 100,000 patients; 29 situated in the inner London Borough of Lambeth, with 200,000 patients). Ethics approvals were obtained to link individual primary-care records to modeled NOx concentrations by means of post-codes. (To preserve anonymity, the postcodes were removed before delivery to the research team.) A wide range of NOx exposures was found across London as well as within and between the practices examined. Although we observed little association between NOx exposure and smoking status, a positive relationship was found between exposure and increased socioeconomic deprivation. The health outcomes we chose to study were asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, wheeze, hay fever, upper and lower respiratory tract infections, ischemic heart disease, heart failure, and atrial fibrillation. These outcomes were measured as prevalence or incidence. Their distributions by age, sex, socioeconomic deprivation, ethnicity, and smoking were found to accord with those reported in the epidemiology literature. No cross-sectional positive associations were found between exposure to NOx and any of the studied health outcomes; some associations were significantly negative. After the pilot study, a suitable primary-care database of London patients was identified, the General Practice Research Database responsible for giving us access to these data agreed to collaborate in the evaluation of the LEZ, and an acceptable method of ensuring privacy of the records was agreed upon. The database included about 350,000 patients who had remained at the same address over the four-year period of the study. Power calculations for a controlled longitudinal analysis were then performed, indicating that for outcomes such as consultations for respiratory illnesses or prescriptions for asthma there was sufficient power to identify a 5\% to 10\% reduction in consultations for patients most exposed to the intervention compared with patients presumed to not be exposed to it. In conclusion, the work undertaken in this study provides a good foundation for future LEZ evaluations. Our extensive monitoring network, measuring a comprehensive set of pollutants (and a range of particle metrics), will continue to provide a valuable tool both for assessing the impact of LEZ regulations on air quality in London and for furthering understanding of the link between PM's composition and toxicity. Finally, we believe that in combination with our modeling of the predicted population-based changes in pollution exposure in London, the use of primary-care databases forms a sound basis and has sufficient statistical power for the evaluation of the potential impact of the LEZ on human health.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {163},
	journal = {Research Report (Health Effects Institute)},
	author = {Kelly, Frank and Armstrong, Ben and Atkinson, Richard and Anderson, H. Ross and Barratt, Ben and Beevers, Sean and Cook, Derek and Green, Dave and Derwent, Dick and Mudway, Ian and Wilkinson, Paul and {HEI Health Review Committee}},
	month = nov,
	year = {2011},
	pmid = {22315924},
	keywords = {Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Air Pollutants, Air Pollution, Child, Child, Preschool, Cross-Sectional Studies, Environmental Exposure, Environmental Monitoring, Female, Health Status, Humans, Infant, London, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Metals, Middle Aged, Nitrogen Oxides, Particulate Matter, Pilot Projects, Primary Health Care, Small-Area Analysis, Smoking, Socioeconomic Factors, Vehicle Emissions, Young Adult},
	pages = {3--79}
}

@article{kotz_incidence_2011,
	title = {Incidence, prevalence, and trends of general practitioner-recorded diagnosis of peanut allergy in {England}, 2001 to 2005},
	volume = {127},
	issn = {1097-6825},
	doi = {10.1016/j.jaci.2010.11.021},
	abstract = {BACKGROUND: Previous descriptions of the epidemiology of peanut allergy have mainly been derived from small cross-sectional studies.
OBJECTIVE: To interrogate a large national research database to provide estimates for the incidence, prevalence, and trends of general practitioner (GP)-recorded diagnosis of peanut allergy in the English population.
METHODS: Version 10 of the QRESEARCH database was used with data from 2,958,366 patients who were registered with 422 United Kingdom general practices in the years 2001 to 2005. The primary outcome was a recording of clinician-diagnosed peanut allergy.
RESULTS: The age-sex standardized incidence rate of peanut allergy in 2005 was 0.08 per 1000 person-years (95\% CI, 0.07-0.08), and the prevalence rate was 0.51 per 1000 patients (95\% CI, 0.49-0.54). This translated into an estimated 4000 incident cases (95\% CI, 3500-4600) and 25,700 prevalent cases (95\% CI, 24,400-27,100) of GP-recorded diagnosis of peanut allergy in England in 2005. During the study period, the incidence rate of peanut allergy remained fairly stable, whereas the prevalence rate doubled. In those under 18 years of age, the crude lifetime prevalence rate was higher in males than females. A significant inverse relationship between prevalence and socioeconomic status was found.
CONCLUSION: These data on GP-recorded diagnosis of peanut allergy from a large general practice database suggest a much lower prevalence in peanut allergy than has hitherto been found. This difference may in part be explained by underrecording of peanut allergy in general practice. Further research is needed to assess the true frequency of peanut allergy in the population and whether there has been a true increase in recent years.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {3},
	journal = {The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology},
	author = {Kotz, Daniel and Simpson, Colin R. and Sheikh, Aziz},
	month = mar,
	year = {2011},
	pmid = {21236479},
	keywords = {Adolescent, Adult, Child, Child, Preschool, England, Female, General Practitioners, Great Britain, Humans, Infant, Male, Medical Records, Peanut Hypersensitivity, Prevalence, incidence},
	pages = {623--630.e1}
}

Paper  doi  abstract   bibtex   

@article{haugen_associations_2011,
	title = {The associations between finger length pattern, osteoarthritis, and knee injury:  {Data} from the {Framingham} community cohort.},
	volume = {63},
	copyright = {Copyright (c) 2011 by the American College of Rheumatology.},
	issn = {1529-0131 0004-3591},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002%2Fart.30408},
	doi = {10.1002/art.30408},
	abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To investigate the associations of index finger-to-ring finger (2D:4D) length ratio with radiographic knee and hand osteoarthritis (OA), previous knee injury, and meniscal lesions in the general population. METHODS: We measured the  length of the right second and fourth phalangeal and metacarpal bones on hand radiographs from 1,020 randomly recruited subjects (ages 51-92 years). Knee radiography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were performed on subjects. Women and men were divided into tertiles according to their 2D:4D phalangeal and  metacarpal ratios. We assessed the odds ratios (ORs) and 95\% confidence intervals (95\% CIs) for radiographic knee OA, severe symptomatic knee OA, radiographic hand OA, previous knee injury, and MRI-defined meniscal lesion, using logistic regression with adjustment for age and body mass index. Because hand OA may affect the 2D:4D phalangeal ratio, we performed sensitivity analyses in subjects  without joint space narrowing in the second and fourth interphalangeal joints. RESULTS: We found no significant associations between 2D:4D length ratio and radiographic knee OA, severe symptomatic knee OA, or meniscal lesions. Low 2D:4D  phalangeal ratio was associated with hand OA in women (OR 1.80, 95\% CI 1.11-2.93), but in the sensitivity analysis, the association was attenuated (OR 1.35, 95\% CI 0.79-2.32). Low 2D:4D phalangeal ratios were associated with knee injury in men (OR 1.78, 95\% CI 1.02-3.10). We found no significant associations for 2D:4D metacarpal ratios. CONCLUSION: Low 2D:4D phalangeal ratios in men are associated with knee injury, but we did not find any significant association with knee OA. Low 2D:4D length ratio may be a consequence, rather than a cause, of hand OA in women.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {8},
	journal = {Arthritis and rheumatism},
	author = {Haugen, Ida K. and Niu, Jingbo and Aliabadi, Piran and Felson, David T. and Englund, Martin},
	month = aug,
	year = {2011},
	pmid = {21506096},
	pmcid = {PMC3149773},
	keywords = {Aged, Cohort Studies, Female, Fingers/*radiography, Hand/*radiography, Humans, Knee Injuries/*radiography, Male, Menisci, Tibial/injuries/*radiography, Middle Aged, Osteoarthritis/*radiography, Risk Factors},
	pages = {2284--2288},
}

@article{
 title = {Helping children correctly say “I don't know” to unanswerable questions.},
 type = {article},
 year = {2011},
 identifiers = {[object Object]},
 keywords = {an integral part of,communication,everyday,how well children can,in,in many different settings,instructions,interview,memory narrative,questions has important implications,the question-answer exchange is,understand and respond to},
 pages = {396-405},
 volume = {17},
 id = {d39d8ec6-2d22-372e-9172-01a2516250b3},
 created = {2016-01-12T14:30:17.000Z},
 file_attached = {false},
 profile_id = {d5b53108-91c5-30b8-8e6c-dd027f636bcd},
 last_modified = {2017-03-16T06:19:45.131Z},
 read = {false},
 starred = {false},
 authored = {true},
 confirmed = {true},
 hidden = {false},
 abstract = {Adults ask children questions in a variety of contexts, for example, in the classroom, in the forensic context, or in experimental research. In such situations children will inevitably be asked some questions to which they do not know the answer, because they do not have the required information ("unanswerable" questions). When asked unanswerable questions, it is important that children indicate that they do not have the required information to provide an answer. These 2 studies investigated whether preinterview instructions (Experiment 1) or establishing a memory narrative (Experiment 2) helped children correctly indicate a lack of knowledge to unanswerable questions. In both studies, 6- and 8-year-olds participated in a classroom-based event about which they were subsequently interviewed. Some of the questions were answerable, and some were unanswerable. Results showed that preinterview instructions increased the number of younger children's appropriate "don't know" responses to unanswerable questions, without decreasing correct responses to answerable questions. This suggests that demand characteristics affect children's tendency correctly to say "I don't know." The opportunity to provide a narrative account increased children's appropriate "don't know" responses to unanswerable yes/no questions, and increased the number of younger children's correct responses to answerable questions. This suggests that cognitive factors also contribute to children's tendency correctly to say "I don't know." These results have implications for any context where adults need to obtain information from children through questioning, for example, a health practitioner asking about a medical condition, in classroom discourse, in the investigative interview, and in developmental psychology research.},
 bibtype = {article},
 author = {Waterman, A. H. and Blades, M},
 journal = {Journal of Experimental Psychology: Applied},
 number = {4}
}

@article{humes_concurrent_2011,
	title = {Concurrent drug use and the risk of perforated colonic diverticular disease: a population-based case-control study},
	volume = {60},
	issn = {1468-3288},
	shorttitle = {Concurrent drug use and the risk of perforated colonic diverticular disease},
	doi = {10.1136/gut.2010.217281},
	abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To determine the risk of diverticular perforation associated with current and ever use of corticosteroids, opiate analgesics, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, aspirin, cyclo-oxygenase-2 inhibitors, statins and calcium antagonists.
DESIGN, SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: Case-control analysis using conditional logistic regression analysis of data from the UK General Practice Research Database. The study involved 899 cases of incident diverticular perforation and 8980 population controls from 1990 to 2005.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Odds ratios (ORs) are presented for perforation associated with use of corticosteroids, opiate analgesics, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, aspirin, cyclo-oxygenase-2 inhibitors, statins and calcium antagonists. Data were adjusted for smoking, comorbidity, prior abdominal pain and body mass index.
RESULTS: A total of 899 patients with an incident diagnosis of perforated diverticular disease were identified. Current use of opiate analgesics (OR=2.16; 95\% CI 1.55 to 3.01) and oral corticosteroids (OR=2.74; 95\% CI 1.63 to 4.61) was associated with a two- and threefold increase in the risk of diverticular perforation, respectively. Current use of a calcium antagonist and aspirin were not associated with an increased risk of diverticular perforation. Current statin use was associated with a reduction in the risk of perforation (OR=0.44; 95\% CI 0.20 to 0.95).
CONCLUSION: Perforated diverticular disease is a serious surgical emergency with current opiate analgesics and oral corticosteroids being strongly associated with an increased risk of diverticular perforation.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {2},
	journal = {Gut},
	author = {Humes, David J. and Fleming, Kate M. and Spiller, Robin C. and West, Joe},
	month = feb,
	year = {2011},
	pmid = {20940283},
	keywords = {Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Analgesics, Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal, Cardiovascular Agents, Comorbidity, Confounding Factors (Epidemiology), Diverticulum, Colon, Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions, Epidemiologic Methods, Female, Glucocorticoids, Great Britain, Humans, Intestinal Perforation, Male, Middle Aged},
	pages = {219--224}
}

Paper  Website  abstract   bibtex   

@article{
 title = {The Danish Civil Registration System.},
 type = {article},
 year = {2011},
 identifiers = {[object Object]},
 keywords = {Demography,Denmark,Denmark: epidemiology,Denmark: ethnology,Emigrants and Immigrants,Female,Humans,Male,Population Surveillance,Registries,Vital Statistics},
 pages = {22-5},
 volume = {39},
 websites = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21775345},
 month = {7},
 id = {84527f02-b6b6-30eb-929d-af89a187a82b},
 created = {2014-10-14T09:23:26.000Z},
 accessed = {2014-05-30},
 file_attached = {true},
 profile_id = {341834ae-df6e-3305-9ea5-95d94ce15292},
 group_id = {62784a9e-1455-39bf-ae63-5ef2a147689e},
 last_modified = {2017-03-14T15:15:44.505Z},
 read = {false},
 starred = {false},
 authored = {false},
 confirmed = {true},
 hidden = {false},
 private_publication = {false},
 abstract = {INTRODUCTION: The Danish Civil Registration System (CRS) was established in 1968, and all persons alive and living in Denmark were registered for administrative use.

CONTENT: CRS includes individual information on the unique personal identification number, name, gender, date of birth, place of birth, citizenship, identity of parents and continuously updated information on vital status, place of residence and spouses.

VALIDITY AND COVERAGE: Since 1968, CRS has recorded current and historical information on all persons living in Denmark. Among persons born in Denmark in 1960 or later it contains complete information on maternal identity. For women born in Denmark in April 1935 or later it contains complete information on all their children. CRS contains complete information on immigrations and emigrations from 1969 onwards, permanent residence in a Danish municipality from 1971 onwards, and full address in Denmark from 1977 onwards.

CONCLUSION: CRS in connection with other registers and biobanks will continue to provide the basis for significant knowledge relevant to the aetiological understanding and possible prevention of human diseases.},
 bibtype = {article},
 author = {Pedersen, Carsten Bøcker},
 journal = {Scandinavian journal of public health},
 number = {7 Suppl}
}

@article{filion_thiazolidinediones_2011,
	title = {Thiazolidinediones and the risk of incident congestive heart failure among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus},
	volume = {20},
	issn = {1099-1557},
	doi = {10.1002/pds.2165},
	abstract = {BACKGROUND: Clinical trials suggest that thiazolidinediones (TZDs) may increase the risk of congestive heart failure (CHF). However, their effect on the risk of incident CHF in unselected populations has not been thoroughly investigated.
METHODS: Using data from the UK's General Practice Research Database, we conducted a case-control study within a population-based cohort of patients with type 2 diabetes. Cases were identified by a clinical diagnosis of incident CHF and were then classified as possible or probable cases using prescription data. A 90-day drug exposure window was used in the primary analysis, which compared patients prescribed TZDs with those with no prescriptions for anti-diabetic medications.
RESULTS: We identified 3405 incident cases (2632 probable and 773 possible) of CHF and 32,042 corresponding controls. TZDs were prescribed in 6.4\% of cases and 6.3\% of controls. Prescription of TZDs was associated with an increased rate of possible or probable CHF (adjusted rate ratio (RR) = 1.24, 95\% CI = 1.01, 1.54 and adjusted RR = 1.24, 95\% CI = 0.98, 1.58, respectively). Similar results were obtained when using a 180-day exposure window (RR = 1.38, 95\% CI = 1.11, 1.72 and RR = 1.44, 95\% CI = 1.12, 1.84, respectively).
CONCLUSIONS: Given the totality of the evidence from this and previous studies, the probability of an increased risk for CHF with these agents remains high. However, any increase in CHF risk associated with TZDs may be lower than previously reported.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {8},
	journal = {Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety},
	author = {Filion, Kristian B. and Joseph, Lawrence and Boivin, Jean-François and Suissa, Samy and Brophy, James M.},
	month = aug,
	year = {2011},
	pmid = {21671441},
	keywords = {Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Case-Control Studies, Databases, Factual, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Female, Great Britain, Heart Failure, Humans, Hypoglycemic Agents, Male, Middle Aged, Risk, Thiazolidinediones},
	pages = {785--796}
}

Paper  doi  abstract   bibtex   

@article{krysiak-baltyn_country-specific_2010,
	title = {Country-specific chemical signatures of persistent environmental compounds in breast milk.},
	volume = {33},
	issn = {1365-2605},
	url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19780864},
	doi = {10.1111/j.1365-2605.2009.00996.x},
	abstract = {Recent reports have confirmed a worldwide increasing trend of testicular cancer incidence, and a conspicuously high prevalence of this disease and other male reproductive disorders, including cryptorchidism and hypospadias, in Denmark. In contrast, Finland, a similarly industrialized Nordic country, exhibits much lower incidences of these disorders. The reasons behind the observed trends are unexplained, but environmental endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) that affect foetal testis development are probably involved. Levels of persistent chemicals in breast milk can be considered a proxy for exposure of the foetus to such agents. Therefore, we undertook a comprehensive ecological study of 121 EDCs, including the persistent compounds dioxins, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), pesticides and flame retardants, and non-persistent phthalates, in 68 breast milk samples from Denmark and Finland to compare exposure of mothers to this environmental mixture of EDCs. Using sophisticated, bioinformatic tools in our analysis, we reveal, for the first time, distinct country-specific chemical signatures of EDCs with Danes having generally higher exposure than Finns to persistent bioaccumulative chemicals, whereas there was no country-specific pattern with regard to the non-persistent phthalates. Importantly, EDC levels, including some dioxins, PCBs and some pesticides (hexachlorobenzene and dieldrin) were significantly higher in Denmark than in Finland. As these classes of EDCs have been implicated in testicular cancer or in adversely affecting development of the foetal testis in humans and animals, our findings reinforce the view that environmental exposure to EDCs may explain some of the temporal and between-country differences in incidence of male reproductive disorders.},
	number = {2},
	journal = {International journal of andrology},
	author = {Krysiak-Baltyn, K and Toppari, J and Skakkebaek, N E and Jensen, T S and Virtanen, H E and Schramm, K-W and Shen, H and Vartiainen, T and Kiviranta, H and Taboureau, O and Brunak, S and Main, K M},
	month = apr,
	year = {2010},
	pmid = {19780864},
	keywords = {Chlorinated, Chlorinated: analysis, Chlorinated: toxicity, Denmark, Dieldrin, Dieldrin: analysis, Dioxins, Dioxins: analysis, Dioxins: toxicity, Endocrine Disruptors, Endocrine Disruptors: analysis, Environmental Exposure, Environmental Pollutants, Environmental Pollutants: analysis, Environmental Pollutants: toxicity, Female, Finland, Flame Retardants: analysis, Flame retardants, Hexachlorobenzene, Hexachlorobenzene: analysis, Human, Human: chemistry, Humans, Hydrocarbons, Male, Maternal Exposure, Milk, Pesticides, Pesticides: analysis, Polychlorinated Biphenyls, Polychlorinated Biphenyls: analysis, Testicular Neoplasms, Testicular Neoplasms: chemically induced, Testis, Testis: drug effects, Testis: embryology},
	pages = {270--8}
}

Website  abstract   bibtex   

@article{
 title = {ERPs and neural oscillations during volitional supporession of memory retrieval},
 type = {article},
 year = {2010},
 identifiers = {[object Object]},
 keywords = {Adolescent,Analysis of Variance,Association Learning,Association Learning: physiology,Biological Clocks,Biological Clocks: physiology,Brain,Brain Mapping,Brain: blood supply,Brain: physiology,Electroencephalography,Emotions,Emotions: physiology,Evoked Potentials,Evoked Potentials: physiology,Female,Humans,Image Processing, Computer-Assisted,Magnetic Resonance Imaging,Male,Mental Recall,Mental Recall: physiology,Oxygen,Oxygen: blood,Photic Stimulation,Reaction Time,Visual Perception,Young Adult},
 pages = {1-10},
 volume = {25},
 websites = {http://www.mitpressjournals.org/doi/abs/10.1162/jocn_a_00418#.Vgcwxo9Viko},
 month = {10},
 publisher = {MIT Press55 Hayward Street, Cambridge, MA 02142-1315USAjournals-info@mit.edu},
 day = {28},
 id = {9e3549f7-2c0d-33e4-84d8-bab5eb144557},
 created = {2015-09-27T00:17:34.000Z},
 accessed = {2015-09-26},
 file_attached = {false},
 profile_id = {50a856f4-e41b-3395-a32c-35f3a97eb9f9},
 group_id = {1d7f53de-0a60-3d99-b9ab-c9b479ac932e},
 last_modified = {2015-11-28T00:03:58.000Z},
 read = {false},
 starred = {false},
 authored = {false},
 confirmed = {true},
 hidden = {false},
 citation_key = {Depue2010m},
 language = {en},
 abstract = {Although investigations of memory and the dynamics of ERP components and neural oscillations as assessed through EEG have been well utilized, little research into the volitional nature of suppression over memory retrieval have used these methods. Oscillation analyses conducted on the Think/No-Think (TNT) task and volitional suppression of retrieval are of interest to broaden our knowledge of neural oscillations associated not only during successful memory retrieval but also when retrieval is unwanted or suppressed. In the current study, we measured EEG during a TNT task and performed ERP and EEG spectral power band analyses. ERP results replicated other researchers' observations of increases in 500-800 msec parietal effects for items where retrieval was instructed to be elaborated compared with being suppressed. Furthermore, EEG analyses indicated increased alpha (8-12 Hz) and theta (3-8 Hz) oscillations across parietal electrodes for items that were instructed to be suppressed versus those to be elaborated. Additionally, during the second half of the experiment (after repeated attempts at control), increases in theta oscillations were found across both frontal and parietal electrodes for items that were instructed to be suppressed and that were ultimately forgotten versus those ultimately remembered. Increased alpha power for items that were instructed to be suppressed versus elaborated may indicate reductions of retrieval attempts or lack of retrieval success. Increased theta power for items that were instructed to be suppressed versus elaborated may indicate increased or prolonged cognitive control to monitor retrieval events.},
 bibtype = {article},
 author = {Depue, Brendan Eliot and Ketz, Nick and Mollison, Matthew V and Nyhus, Erika and Banich, Marie T and Curran, Tim},
 journal = {Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience},
 number = {10}
}

@article{hippisley-cox_individualising_2010,
	title = {Individualising the risks of statins in men and women in {England} and {Wales}: population-based cohort study},
	volume = {96},
	issn = {1468-201X},
	shorttitle = {Individualising the risks of statins in men and women in {England} and {Wales}},
	doi = {10.1136/hrt.2010.199034},
	abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To derive and validate risk algorithms so that the risks of four clinical outcomes associated with statin use can be estimated for individual patients.
DESIGN: Prospective open cohort study using routinely collected data from 368 QResearch general practices in England and Wales to develop the scores. The scores were validated using two separate sets of practices-188 separate QResearch practices and 364 practices contributing to the THIN database.
SUBJECTS: In the QResearch derivation cohort 225 922 new users of statins and 1 778 770 non-users of statins were studied. In the QResearch validation cohort 118 372 statin users and 877 812 non-users of statins were studied. In the THIN validation cohort, we studied 282 056 statin users and 1 923 840 non-users of statins were studied.
METHODS: Cox proportional hazards models in the derivation cohort to derive risk equations. Measures of calibration and discrimination in both validation cohorts.
OUTCOMES: 5-Year risk of moderate/serious myopathic events; moderate/serious liver dysfunction; acute renal failure and cataract.
RESULTS: The performance of three of the risk prediction algorithms in the THIN cohort was very good. For example, in women, the algorithm for moderate/serious myopathy explained 42.15\% of the variation. The corresponding D statistics was 1.75. The acute renal failure algorithm explained 59.62\% of the variation (D statistic=2.49). The cataract algorithm explained 59.14\% of the variation (D statistic=2.46). The algorithms to predict moderate/severe liver dysfunction only explained 15.55\% of the variation (D statistics=0.89). The performance of each algorithm was similar for both sexes when tested on the QResearch validation cohort.
CONCLUSIONS: The algorithms to predict acute renal failure, moderate/serious myopathy and cataract could be used to identify patients at increased risk of these adverse effects enabling patients to be monitored more closely. Further research is needed to develop a better algorithm to predict liver dysfunction.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {12},
	journal = {Heart (British Cardiac Society)},
	author = {Hippisley-Cox, Julia and Coupland, Carol},
	month = jun,
	year = {2010},
	pmid = {20489220},
	keywords = {Acute Kidney Injury, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Algorithms, Body Mass Index, Cataract, Drug-Induced Liver Injury, England, Epidemiologic Methods, Female, Humans, Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors, Male, Middle Aged, Muscular Diseases, Wales},
	pages = {939--947}
}

@article{ cilliers_pyridoxal-5-phosphate_2010,
  title = {Pyridoxal-5-phosphate plasma concentrations in children receiving tuberculosis chemotherapy including isoniazid},
  volume = {99},
  issn = {1651-2227},
  doi = {10.1111/j.1651-2227.2010.01696.x},
  abstract = {AIM: Little is known about pyridoxine nutriture of children treated with isoniazid (INH) regimens. This study documents plasma pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP) concentrations in children, HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected, receiving INH regimens.
METHODS: Children from the Western Cape of South Africa hospitalized for tuberculosis (TB) management were studied. Plasma PLP concentrations were determined on enrolment, 1-month after commencing TB treatment, and again after 4-month's treatment. The children received a supplement meeting pyridoxine requirements.
RESULTS: Nineteen HIV-infected and 33 HIV-uninfected children received INH (dosage range 4-20 mg/kg) daily. Mean PLP plasma concentrations on enrolment were 8.32 (SD 6.75) ng/mL and 11.28 (SD 3.02) ng/mL in HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected children, respectively (p = 0.11) and after 4-month's treatment 6.75 (SD 2.71) ng/mL and 14.76 (SD 7.96) ng/mL (p {\textless} 0.001). On enrolment 9 (50%) HIV-infected and 5 (15%) HIV-uninfected children (p = 0.016) had suboptimal PLP concentrations ({\textless}6 ng/mL); after 4-month's treatment 8 (42%) and 2 (6%) (p = 0.004).
CONCLUSION: Plasma PLP concentrations in children treated for TB were low on enrolment in HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected children; after 4-month's treatment low values were still common in HIV-infected children. Additional pyridoxine supplementation of malnourished children treated for tuberculosis is advisable, particularly those HIV-infected.},
  language = {eng},
  number = {5},
  journal = {Acta Paediatrica (Oslo, Norway: 1992)},
  author = {Cilliers, K. and Labadarios, D. and Schaaf, H. S. and Willemse, M. and Maritz, J. S. and Werely, C. J. and Hussey, G. and Donald, P. R.},
  month = {May},
  year = {2010},
  pmid = {20146723},
  keywords = {AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections, Adolescent, Antitubercular Agents, Child, Child, Preschool, Female, Genotype, HIV Infections, Humans, Infant, Isoniazid, Male, Pyridoxal Phosphate, South Africa, Tuberculosis},
  pages = {705--710}
}

@article{moller_current_2010,
	title = {Current findings, challenges and novel approaches in human genetic susceptibility to tuberculosis},
	volume = {90},
	issn = {1873-281X},
	doi = {10.1016/j.tube.2010.02.002},
	abstract = {The evidence for a human genetic component in susceptibility to tuberculosis (TB) is incontrovertible. Quite apart from studies of rare disease events illustrating the importance of key genes in humans and animals, TB at the population level is also influenced by the genetics of the host. Heritability of disease concordance and immune responses to mycobacterial antigens has been clearly shown, and ranges up to 71\%. Linkage studies, designed to identify major susceptibility genes in a disease, have produced a number of candidate loci but few, except for regions on chromosome 5p15, 20p and 20q, have been replicated. The region on 5p15 regulates the intensity of the response to the tuberculin skin test, and another locus on 11p14 appears to control resistance to the bacterium. In addition, numerous genes and pathways have been implicated in candidate gene association studies, with validation of polymorphisms in IFNG, NRAMP1, and NOS2A and equivocal results for IL10, CCL2, DC-SIGN, P2RX7, VDR, TLR2, TLR9 and SP110. Other more recently researched candidate genes such as TNFRSF1B remain to be validated, preferably in meta-analyses. New approaches have provided early evidence for the importance of gene-gene interactions in regulating resistance to disease, and also the prospect that applying host genetics in the field of vaccinomics could lead to a more targeted approach in designing interventions to aid the human immune system in combating mycobacteria. Genome-wide association studies and admixture mapping are approaches that remain to be applied to TB, and it is not clear, as is the case with other complex diseases, how much of the heritability of the TB susceptibility phenotype will be determined by multiple genes of small effect versus rare variants with disproportionately large effects.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {2},
	journal = {Tuberculosis (Edinburgh, Scotland)},
	author = {Möller, Marlo and Hoal, Eileen G.},
	month = mar,
	year = {2010},
	pmid = {20206579},
	note = {00130 },
	keywords = {Female, Genetic Linkage, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Humans, Male, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Phenotype, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Tuberculosis},
	pages = {71--83}
}

@article{ cobat_high_2010,
  title = {High heritability of antimycobacterial immunity in an area of hyperendemicity for tuberculosis disease},
  volume = {201},
  issn = {1537-6613},
  doi = {10.1086/648611},
  abstract = {Human antimycobacterial immunity is a critical component of tuberculosis (TB) pathogenesis that is often used to infer the presence of TB infection. We report high heritability ({\textgreater}50%) for in vitro secretion of tumor necrosis factor alpha and interferon gamma (IFN-gamma), and the frequency of antigen-specific IFN-gamma(+)CD4(+) and IFN-gamma(+)CD8(+) cells in the response of whole blood to mycobacterial challenge. In principal component analysis, the first 3 components explain 78% of the overall variance consistent with the effect of pleiotropic regulatory genes of human antimycobacterial immunity. These results directly demonstrate the pivotal role played by host genetics in quantitative measures of antimycobacterial immunity underlying immune diagnosis of TB infection.},
  language = {eng},
  number = {1},
  journal = {The Journal of Infectious Diseases},
  author = {Cobat, Aurelie and Gallant, Caroline J. and Simkin, Leah and Black, Gillian F. and Stanley, Kim and Hughes, Jane and Doherty, T. Mark and Hanekom, Willem A. and Eley, Brian and Beyers, Nulda and Jaïs, Jean-Philippe and van Helden, Paul and Abel, Laurent and Hoal, Eileen G. and Alcaïs, Alexandre and Schurr, Erwin},
  month = {January},
  year = {2010},
  pmid = {19938975},
  note = {00030 },
  keywords = {Adolescent, CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes, CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes, Cells, Cultured, Child, Endemic Diseases, Female, Genotype, Humans, Immunity, Innate, Interferon-gamma, Male, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Phenotype, Principal Component Analysis, South Africa, Tuberculosis, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha, Young Adult},
  pages = {15--19}
}

Paper  abstract   bibtex   

@article{
 id = {8364c8e1-57a1-3484-94df-1bd37d5d7010},
 title = {Nonlinear measure of synchrony between blood oxygen saturation and heart rate from nocturnal pulse oximetry in obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome.},
 type = {article},
 year = {2009},
 identifiers = {[object Object]},
 keywords = {Adult,Aged,Aged, 80 and over,Algorithms,Data Interpretation, Statistical,Entropy,Female,Heart Rate,Heart Rate: physiology,Humans,Male,Middle Aged,Nonlinear Dynamics,Oximetry,Oxygen,Oxygen: blood,Polysomnography,ROC Curve,Reproducibility of Results,Sleep Apnea, Obstructive,Sleep Apnea, Obstructive: blood,Sleep Apnea, Obstructive: physiopathology,Young Adult},
 created = {2012-06-13T03:54:21.000Z},
 pages = {967-82},
 volume = {30},
 websites = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19696463},
 month = {9},
 accessed = {2010-08-14},
 file_attached = {true},
 profile_id = {fe7067eb-58b8-34c6-b8cd-6717fdf7605c},
 group_id = {ba0deb47-e19a-3151-83cc-b6262d5edb6e},
 last_modified = {2014-07-19T19:17:42.000Z},
 read = {false},
 starred = {false},
 authored = {false},
 confirmed = {true},
 hidden = {false},
 citation_key = {Alvarez2009b},
 client_data = {"desktop_id":"5adc2c25-73db-4b77-aed2-d32a75858a27"},
 abstract = {This study focuses on analysis of the relationship between changes in blood oxygen saturation (SaO(2)) and heart rate (HR) recordings from nocturnal pulse oximetry (NPO) in patients suspected of suffering from obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) syndrome. Two different analyses were developed: a classical frequency analysis based on the magnitude squared coherence (MSC) and a nonlinear analysis by means of a recently developed measure of synchrony, the cross-approximate entropy (cross-ApEn). A data set of 187 subjects was studied. We found significantly higher correlation and synchrony between oximetry signals from OSA positive patients compared with OSA negative subjects. We assessed the diagnostic ability to detect OSA syndrome of both the classical and nonlinear approaches by means of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses with tenfold cross-validation. The nonlinear measure of synchrony significantly improved the results obtained with classical MSC: 69.2% sensitivity, 90.9% specificity and 78.1% accuracy were reached with MSC, whereas 83.7% sensitivity, 84.3% specificity and 84.0% accuracy were obtained with cross-ApEn. Our results suggest that the use of nonlinear measures of synchrony could provide essential information from oximetry signals, which cannot be obtained with classical spectral analysis.},
 bibtype = {article},
 author = {Alvarez, D and Hornero, R and Abásolo, D and del Campo, F and Zamarrón, C and López, M},
 journal = {Physiological measurement},
 number = {9}
}

@article{setakis_changes_2008,
	title = {Changes in the characteristics of patients prescribed selective cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitors after the 2004 withdrawal of rofecoxib},
	volume = {59},
	issn = {0004-3591},
	doi = {10.1002/art.23925},
	abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the impact of rofecoxib withdrawal on the characteristics of patients prescribed selective cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) inhibitors.
METHODS: The General Practice Research Database was used to identify patients age {\textgreater} or =18 years who were prescribed a selective COX-2 inhibitor. Various patient characteristics were noted at the start of therapy: age, sex, nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug-related risk factors for upper gastrointestinal (GI) events, and the Framingham risk score for cardiovascular disease. Logistic regression was used to compare patients using selective COX-2 inhibitors before and after September 2004.
RESULT: The study population included 171,645 patients receiving selective COX-2 inhibitors. The number of users substantially increased over time until September 2004 and sharply declined thereafter. Approximately 80\% stopped selective COX-2 inhibitor therapy within 6 months. Patients receiving selective COX-2 inhibitors after September 2004 were younger and included more men compared with those receiving therapy before September 2004. There was no change before and after September 2004 in the proportion of patients with GI risk factors or high Framingham risk scores, after adjustment for age and sex. A correlation was found between presence of GI risk factors and high Framingham risk scores. Only 20\% of patients receiving selective COX-2 inhibitors had GI risk factors but low Framingham risk score, which did not change after September 2004.
CONCLUSION: There was no channeling in the usage of selective COX-2 inhibitors toward patients with a high risk of GI and low risk of cardiovascular disease following the withdrawal of rofecoxib.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {8},
	journal = {Arthritis and Rheumatism},
	author = {Setakis, E. and Leufkens, H. G. M. and van Staa, T. P.},
	month = aug,
	year = {2008},
	pmid = {18668614},
	keywords = {Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Cardiovascular Diseases, Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors, Databases, Factual, Drug Prescriptions, Drug Utilization Review, Female, Gastrointestinal Diseases, Great Britain, Humans, Lactones, Logistic Models, Male, Middle Aged, Rheumatic Diseases, Risk Factors, Sulfones, incidence},
	pages = {1105--1111}
}

@article{hesketh_effects_2008,
	title = {Effects of chronic treatment with citalopram on cannabinoid and opioid receptor-mediated {G}-protein coupling in discrete rat brain regions.},
	volume = {198},
	doi = {10.1007/s00213-007-1033-3},
	abstract = {RATIONALE: There is growing interest in investigating the mechanisms of action of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), beyond their association with the serotonergic system, due to their wide therapeutic potential for disorders including depression, pain and addiction. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate whether chronic treatment with the SSRI, citalopram, alters the functional coupling of G(i/o)-associated cannabinoid type 1 (CB(1)) and mu-opioid receptors in selected areas of rat brain implicated in psychiatric disorders and  pain. METHODS: Using an autoradiographic approach, the effects of the cannabinoid receptor agonist, HU210 (in the presence or absence of the CB(1) receptor antagonist AM251), or the mu-opioid receptor agonist, [D: -Ala(2),N-Me-Phe4,Gly(5)-ol]-enkephalin (DAMGO; in the presence or absence of the mu-opioid receptor antagonist D: -Phe-Cys-Tyr-D: -Trp-Orn-Thr-Pen-Thr-NH(2)), on  [(35)S]GTPgammaS binding in discrete brain regions of citalopram-treated (10 mg kg(-1) day(-1) for 14 days by subcutaneous minipump) and control rats were investigated. RESULTS: The HU210-induced increase in [(35)S]GTPgammaS binding observed in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus of control rats was abolished after chronic treatment with citalopram. Reduced response to HU210 in rats receiving chronic treatment with citalopram was also observed in the hippocampus and medial geniculate nucleus. Citalopram had no significant effect on DAMGO-induced [(35)S]GTPgammaS binding in the brain regions investigated, with the exception of the medial geniculate nucleus where a modest impairment was observed. CONCLUSIONS: These data provide evidence for reduced cannabinoid receptor-mediated G-protein coupling in the hypothalamus, hippocampus and medial  geniculate nucleus of rats chronically treated with citalopram, effects which may, in part, underlie the mechanism of action of SSRIs.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {1},
	journal = {Psychopharmacology},
	author = {Hesketh, Shirley A. and Brennan, Adrian K. and Jessop, David S. and Finn, David P.},
	month = may,
	year = {2008},
	pmid = {18084745},
	keywords = {Analgesics, Opioid/pharmacology, Animals, Autoradiography, Brain Chemistry/*drug effects, Cannabinoid Receptor Agonists, Citalopram/*pharmacology, Dronabinol/analogs \& derivatives/pharmacology, Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-/pharmacology, Geniculate Bodies/drug effects/metabolism, Guanosine 5'-O-(3-Thiotriphosphate)/metabolism, Hippocampus/drug effects/metabolism, Male, Neuroprotective Agents/pharmacology, Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus/drug effects/metabolism, Rats, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB1/drug effects, Receptors, Cannabinoid/*drug effects, Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/*drug effects, Receptors, Opioid/*drug effects, Serotonin Uptake Inhibitors/*pharmacology}
}

Website  abstract   bibtex   

@article{
 title = {Impact of adalimumab treatment on health-related quality of life and other patient-reported outcomes: results from a 16-week randomized controlled trial in patients with moderate to severe plaque psoriasis},
 type = {article},
 year = {2008},
 identifiers = {[object Object]},
 keywords = {*Quality of Life/psychology,Adult,Anti-Inflammatory Agents/*administration & dosage/,Antibodies, Monoclonal/*administration & dosage/ad,Antirheumatic Agents/*administration & dosage/adve,Dose-Response Relationship, Drug,Epidemiologic Methods,Female,Health Status,Humans,Male,Methotrexate/*administration & dosage/adverse effe,Psoriasis/*drug therapy/immunology,Treatment Outcome},
 pages = {549-557},
 volume = {158},
 websites = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=18047521},
 edition = {2007/12/01},
 id = {4f1dcea9-d08a-37fa-acac-d56565114e6d},
 created = {2017-06-19T13:43:49.367Z},
 file_attached = {false},
 profile_id = {de68dde1-2ff3-3a4e-a214-ef424d0c7646},
 group_id = {b2078731-0913-33b9-8902-a53629a24e83},
 last_modified = {2017-06-19T13:43:49.476Z},
 read = {false},
 starred = {false},
 authored = {false},
 confirmed = {true},
 hidden = {false},
 source_type = {Journal Article},
 language = {eng},
 notes = {<m:note>Revicki, D<m:linebreak/>Willian, M K<m:linebreak/>Saurat, J-H<m:linebreak/>Papp, K A<m:linebreak/>Ortonne, J-P<m:linebreak/>Sexton, C<m:linebreak/>Camez, A<m:linebreak/>Multicenter Study<m:linebreak/>Randomized Controlled Trial<m:linebreak/>Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't<m:linebreak/>England<m:linebreak/>The British journal of dermatology<m:linebreak/>Bjd8236<m:linebreak/>Br J Dermatol. 2008 Mar;158(3):549-57. Epub 2007 Nov 28.</m:note>},
 abstract = {BACKGROUND: Health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and other patient-reported outcomes (PROs) are important in evaluating the impact of psoriasis and its treatment. OBJECTIVES: To assess the impact of adalimumab treatment on HRQOL and other PROs in patients with moderate to severe psoriasis. METHODS: A 16-week, double-blind, double-dummy, randomized controlled trial evaluated the efficacy and safety of adalimumab in 271 adults with moderate to severe chronic plaque psoriasis. Patients were randomized in a 2:2:1 ratio to adalimumab, methotrexate (MTX) or placebo. PROs were evaluated throughout the study and included the Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI), Patient's Global Assessment of disease severity, plaque psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis pain visual analogue scale (VAS), Psoriasis-Related Pruritus Assessment and EuroQOL 5D (EQ-5D). RESULTS: Statistically significant differences were observed between the adalimumab- and placebo-treated and the MTX-treated groups on mean DLQI total scores during the 16-week double-blind study (both P<0.001). Significant differences, favouring adalimumab compared with placebo, were also observed on the Patient's Global Assessment of disease severity (P<0.001), VAS for pain (P<0.001), Psoriasis-Related Pruritus Assessment (P<0.001), EQ-5D VAS (P<0.001) and EQ-5D index score (P<0.01). Compared with MTX, adalimumab resulted in statistically significantly greater improvements in the Patient's Global Assessment of disease severity (P<0.001), the VAS for pain (P<0.01) and the Psoriasis-Related Pruritus Assessment (P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Adalimumab was efficacious in improving dermatology-specific HRQOL, disease control and symptom outcomes in patients with moderate to severe psoriasis.},
 bibtype = {article},
 author = {Revicki, D and Willian, M K and Saurat, J H and Papp, K A and Ortonne, J P and Sexton, C and Camez, A},
 journal = {Br J Dermatol},
 number = {3}
}

Website  abstract   bibtex   

@article{
 title = {No effect of APOE and PVRL2 on the clinical outcome of multiple sclerosis},
 type = {article},
 year = {2007},
 identifiers = {[object Object]},
 keywords = {Adult,Apolipoproteins E/*genetics,Cell Adhesion Molecules/*genetics,Disease Progression,Female,Gene Frequency,Genotype,Humans,Male,Middle Aged,Multiple Sclerosis/*genetics/physiopathology,Severity of Illness Index},
 pages = {156-160},
 volume = {186},
 websites = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=17376543},
 edition = {2007/03/23},
 id = {97823616-1f4d-37f6-a788-8ec55f360a74},
 created = {2017-06-19T13:43:25.441Z},
 file_attached = {false},
 profile_id = {de68dde1-2ff3-3a4e-a214-ef424d0c7646},
 group_id = {b2078731-0913-33b9-8902-a53629a24e83},
 last_modified = {2017-06-19T13:43:25.558Z},
 read = {false},
 starred = {false},
 authored = {false},
 confirmed = {true},
 hidden = {false},
 source_type = {Journal Article},
 language = {eng},
 notes = {<m:note>Ramagopalan, S V<m:linebreak/>Deluca, G C<m:linebreak/>Morrison, K M<m:linebreak/>Herrera, B M<m:linebreak/>Dyment, D A<m:linebreak/>Orton, S<m:linebreak/>Bihoreau, M T<m:linebreak/>Degenhardt, A<m:linebreak/>Pugliatti, M<m:linebreak/>Sadovnick, A D<m:linebreak/>Sotgiu, S<m:linebreak/>Ebers, G C<m:linebreak/>Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't<m:linebreak/>Netherlands<m:linebreak/>Journal of neuroimmunology<m:linebreak/>S0165-5728(07)00061-6<m:linebreak/>J Neuroimmunol. 2007 May;186(1-2):156-60. Epub 2007 Mar 21.</m:note>},
 abstract = {Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a common inflammatory disease of the central nervous system unsurpassed for its variability in disease outcome. Apolipoprotein E (APOE) is involved in neuronal remodelling and several studies have attempted to examine the effect of APOE on MS disease severity, but its function in modifying the course of MS is controversial. It has been suggested recently that PVRL2, not APOE, is the locus on chromosome 19 which influences clinical outcome of MS. A cohort of sporadic MS cases, taken from opposite extremes of the putative distribution of long-term outcome using the most stringent clinical criteria to date, was used to determine the role of APOE and PVRL2 on MS disease severity. The MS cases selected represent the prognostic best 5% (benign MS) and worst 5% (malignant MS) of cases in terms of clinical outcome assessed by the EDSS. Genotyping the two sets of MS patients (112 benign and 51 malignant) and a replication cohort from Sardinia provided no evidence to suggest that APOE or PVRL2 have any outcome modifying activity. We conclude that APOE and PVRL2 have little or no effect on the clinical outcome of MS.},
 bibtype = {article},
 author = {Ramagopalan, S V and Deluca, G C and Morrison, K M and Herrera, B M and Dyment, D A and Orton, S and Bihoreau, M T and Degenhardt, A and Pugliatti, M and Sadovnick, A D and Sotgiu, S and Ebers, G C},
 journal = {J Neuroimmunol},
 number = {1-2}
}

Website  bibtex   

@article{
 title = {Point/Counterpoint. Proton therapy is the best radiation treatment modality for prostate cancer},
 type = {article},
 year = {2007},
 identifiers = {[object Object]},
 keywords = {Clinical Trials as Topic/*trends,Humans,Male,Physician's Practice Patterns/*trends,Prostatic Neoplasms/*epidemiology/*radiotherapy,Protons/adverse effects/*therapeutic use,Radiation Injuries/etiology/prevention & control,Radiotherapy, Conformal/adverse effects/*methods,Risk Assessment},
 pages = {375-378},
 volume = {34},
 websites = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=17388153},
 edition = {2007/03/29},
 id = {b0987504-2aa6-3424-93bc-d7edc6cc3f82},
 created = {2017-06-19T13:43:25.395Z},
 file_attached = {false},
 profile_id = {de68dde1-2ff3-3a4e-a214-ef424d0c7646},
 group_id = {b2078731-0913-33b9-8902-a53629a24e83},
 last_modified = {2017-06-19T13:43:25.490Z},
 read = {false},
 starred = {false},
 authored = {false},
 confirmed = {true},
 hidden = {false},
 source_type = {Journal Article},
 language = {eng},
 notes = {<m:note>Moyers, Michael F<m:linebreak/>Pouliot, Jean<m:linebreak/>Orton, Colin G<m:linebreak/>United States<m:linebreak/>Medical physics<m:linebreak/>Med Phys. 2007 Feb;34(2):375-8.</m:note>},
 bibtype = {article},
 author = {Moyers, M F and Pouliot, J and Orton, C G},
 journal = {Med Phys},
 number = {2}
}

@article{
 title = {Prefrontal regions orchestrate suppression of emotional memories via a two-phase process.},
 type = {article},
 year = {2007},
 identifiers = {[object Object]},
 keywords = {Adult,Amygdala,Amygdala: physiology,Brain Mapping,Cognition,Cues,Emotions,Female,Frontal Lobe,Frontal Lobe: physiology,Hippocampus,Hippocampus: physiology,Humans,Magnetic Resonance Imaging,Male,Memory,Mental Recall,Prefrontal Cortex,Prefrontal Cortex: physiology,Pulvinar,Pulvinar: physiology,Repression, Psychology,Thinking,Visual Cortex,Visual Cortex: physiology},
 id = {e6052fbc-1b5a-343a-9182-d149433f5b27},
 created = {2016-01-05T19:45:07.000Z},
 file_attached = {false},
 profile_id = {50a856f4-e41b-3395-a32c-35f3a97eb9f9},
 group_id = {41f9b5d2-912d-3281-b756-e2d6e7ccfec5},
 last_modified = {2016-01-05T19:45:07.000Z},
 read = {false},
 starred = {false},
 authored = {false},
 confirmed = {false},
 hidden = {false},
 abstract = {Whether memories can be suppressed has been a controversial issue in psychology and cognitive neuroscience for decades. We found evidence that emotional memories are suppressed via two time-differentiated neural mechanisms: (i) an initial suppression by the right inferior frontal gyrus over regions supporting sensory components of the memory representation (visual cortex, thalamus), followed by (ii) right medial frontal gyrus control over regions supporting multimodal and emotional components of the memory representation (hippocampus, amygdala), both of which are influenced by fronto-polar regions. These results indicate that memory suppression does occur and, at least in nonpsychiatric populations, is under the control of prefrontal regions.},
 bibtype = {article},
 author = {Depue, Brendan E and Curran, Tim and Banich, Marie T},
 journal = {Science (New York, N.Y.)}
}

@article{hoberg_attachment_2007,
	title = {Attachment to laminin-111 facilitates transforming growth factor beta-induced expression of matrix metalloproteinase-3 in synovial fibroblasts.},
	volume = {66},
	doi = {10.1136/ard.2006.060228},
	abstract = {BACKGROUND: In the synovial membrane of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA),  a strong expression of laminins and matrix degrading proteases was reported. AIM: To investigate the regulation of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in synovial fibroblasts (SFs) of patients with osteoarthritis (OA) and RA by attachment to laminin-1 (LM-111) and in the presence or absence of costimulatory signals provided by transforming growth factor beta (TGFbeta). METHODS: SFs were seeded in laminin-coated flasks and activated by addition of TGFbeta. The expression of  genes was investigated by quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), immunocytochemistry and ELISA, and intracellular signalling pathways by immunoblotting, and by poisoning p38MAPK by SB203580, MEK-ERK by PD98059 and SMAD2 by A-83-01. RESULTS: Attachment of SF to LM-111 did not activate the expression of MMPs, but addition of TGFbeta induced a fivefold higher expression of MMP-3. Incubation of SF on LM-111 in the presence of TGFbeta induced a significant 12-fold higher expression of MMP-3 mRNA, and secretion of},
	language = {eng},
	number = {4},
	journal = {Annals of the rheumatic diseases},
	author = {Hoberg, Maik and Rudert, Maximilian and Pap, Thomas and Klein, Gerd and Gay, Steffen and Aicher, Wilhelm K.},
	month = apr,
	year = {2007},
	pmid = {17124250},
	pmcid = {PMC1856036},
	keywords = {Aged, Arthritis, Rheumatoid/*enzymology/metabolism/pathology, Cells, Cultured, Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases/metabolism, Female, Fibroblasts/enzymology, Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic/drug effects, Humans, Laminin/*metabolism, Male, Matrix Metalloproteinase 3/genetics/*metabolism, Middle Aged, Phosphorylation, Recombinant Proteins/pharmacology, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction/methods, Signal Transduction, Synovial Membrane/*enzymology/pathology, Transforming Growth Factor beta/*pharmacology},
	pages = {446--451}
}

@article{fox_prevalence_2006,
	title = {Prevalence of inadequate glycemic control among patients with type 2 diabetes in the {United} {Kingdom} general practice research database: {A} series of retrospective analyses of data from 1998 through 2002},
	volume = {28},
	issn = {0149-2918},
	shorttitle = {Prevalence of inadequate glycemic control among patients with type 2 diabetes in the {United} {Kingdom} general practice research database},
	doi = {10.1016/j.clinthera.2006.03.005},
	abstract = {BACKGROUND: Since the mid-1990s, the development of new oral antidiabetic agents (OAs) and treatment guidelines have created an opportunity to improve glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes.
OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to assess the prevalence of good and inadequate glycemic control across a 5-year period among patients with diabetes in the United Kingdom. It also investigated the factors associated with achieving glycemic targets.
METHODS: This was a retrospective, cross-sectional analysis of data from the General Practice Research Database. Three limits were used to assess glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c): 6.5\%, 7.0\%, or 7.5\%. Values above the cutoffs indicated inadequate control of HbA1c; those at or below the cutoffs indicated good control. The study evaluated clinical and pharmacy data from the years 1998 to 2002 for patients with type 2 diabetes, {\textgreater} or =2 years of follow-up, and {\textgreater} or =2 HbA1c measurements during the first year. Five independent cross-sectional analyses were conducted, grouping data by year. Statistical significance was determined by Student t and chi2 tests.
RESULTS: Data were analyzed for 10,663 patients aged 17 to 98 years. The number of total eligible type 2 diabetes patients increased over the course of the study period: 5674 patients in 1998, 6553 in 1999, 7314 in 2000, 7323 in 2001, and 6192 in 2002. Overall, the study population had a mean (SD) age of 66 (11.0) years, was 53\% male (3033/5674), and had a body mass index of 29 kg/m(2). Seventy-six percent of patients had HbA1c {\textgreater}7.0\% and 37\% were taking {\textgreater} or =2 oral agents. In 1998 and 2002, 79\% (4482/5674) and 76\% (4732/6192) of patients, respectively, had inadequate glycemic control, defined as HbA1c {\textgreater}7.0\%. When defined as HbA1c {\textgreater}7.5\%, 69\% (3923/5674) and 62\% (3814/6192) of patients, respectively, had inadequate control. Finally, when defined as HbA1c {\textgreater}6.5\%, 88\% (5011/5674) of patients in both 1998 and 2002 had inadequate control. Compared with patients with good disease control (HbA1c {\textless} or =7.0\%), patients with inadequate control were approximately 2 years younger (P {\textless} 0.001) and had been prescribed more OAs: 41\% received {\textgreater} or =2 OAs in 1998 and 52\% in 2002, compared with 23\% and 34\% (both, P = 0.001), respectively, of patients with good glycemic control (P {\textless} 0.02). Sex, number of diabetes complications, and number of comorbidities did not differ between groups (P = NS).
CONCLUSIONS: Despite the introduction of new OAs and treatment guidelines, the prevalence of inadequate glycemic control remains high ({\textgreater}60\%) in patients with type 2 diabetes in the United Kingdom. Regardless of the HbA1c cutoff, patients with inadequate control were younger and received prescriptions for more OAs than patients with good control.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {3},
	journal = {Clinical Therapeutics},
	author = {Fox, Kathleen M. and Gerber Pharmd, Robert A. and Bolinder, Bjorn and Chen, Jack and Kumar, Sanjaya},
	month = mar,
	year = {2006},
	pmid = {16750453},
	keywords = {Administration, Oral, Adolescent, Adult, Age Factors, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Body Mass Index, Cross-Sectional Studies, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Family Practice, Female, Great Britain, Hemoglobin A, Glycosylated, Humans, Hypoglycemic Agents, Insulin, Male, Middle Aged, Prevalence, Retrospective Studies, databases as topic},
	pages = {388--395}
}

Paper  doi  abstract   bibtex   

@article{viberg_neonatal_2006,
	title = {Neonatal exposure to higher brominated diphenyl ethers, hepta-, octa-, or nonabromodiphenyl ether, impairs spontaneous behavior and learning and memory functions of adult mice.},
	volume = {92},
	issn = {1096-6080},
	url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16611620},
	doi = {10.1093/toxsci/kfj196},
	abstract = {Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), used as flame retardants, have been shown to be increasing in the environment and in human mother's milk. We have earlier reported that lower brominated PBDEs, such as tetra-, penta-, and hexa-brominated diphenyl ethers, can cause developmental neurotoxic effects in mice. Recently, this was also observed with the full-brominated PBDE, deca-brominated diphenyl ether (PBDE 209), although it was suggested that the effects were caused by a (possibly debrominated) metabolite thereof. The present study revealed that 2,2',3,3',4,4',5,5',6-nonabromodiphenyl ether (PBDE 206), 2,2',3,4,4',5,5',6-octabromodiphenyl ether (PBDE 203), and to a minor extent also 2,2',3,4,4',5',6'-heptabromodiphenyl ether (PBDE 183) can induce developmental neurotoxic effects. Neonatal Naval Medical Research Institute male mice were exposed on postnatal day 3 or 10 to PBDE 206, PBDE 203, or PBDE 183, given as a single oral dose of 21 mumol/kg body weight. At the adult age of 2-3 months, the mice were observed for performance in a spontaneous behavior test and the Morris water maze test. PBDE 203 and PBDE 206, when administered on neonatal day 10, caused disturbances in spontaneous behavior, leading to disrupted habituation and a hyperactive condition in adults at the age of 2 months. These behavioral changes were also seen in 2-month-old mice exposed to PBDE 203 on neonatal day 3. Furthermore, exposure to PBDE 203 on neonatal day 10 affected learning and memory functions in adult mice. The developmental neurotoxic effects were most pronounced in mice exposed to PBDE 203. These developmental neurobehavioral defects were in agreement with those we observed previously with lower brominated PBDEs and with PBDE 209. It is important to consider the fact that different PBDE congeners can have differing degrees of potency, when comparing levels of PBDEs in the environment and in mother's milk.},
	number = {1},
	journal = {Toxicological sciences},
	author = {Viberg, Henrik and Johansson, Niclas and Fredriksson, Anders and Eriksson, Johan and Marsh, Göran and Eriksson, Per},
	month = jul,
	year = {2006},
	pmid = {16611620},
	keywords = {Animal, Animal: drug effects, Animals, Behavior, Ethers, Flame retardants, Learning, Learning: drug effects, Male, Memory, Memory: drug effects, Mice, Newborn, Polybrominated Biphenyls, Polybrominated Biphenyls: toxicity, frelec, tox},
	pages = {211--8}
}

@article{westhoff_tacrolimus_2006,
	title = {Tacrolimus in steroid-resistant and steroid-dependent nephrotic syndrome.},
	volume = {65},
	issn = {0301-0430 0301-0430},
	abstract = {BACKGROUND: Steroid resistance and steroid dependence constitute a major problem  in the treatment of minimal-change disease and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS). Cyclophosphamide and cyclosporine are well-established alternative immunomodulating agents, whereas data on FK 506 (tacrolimus) are rare. METHODS: The present work provides data from 10 patients of an open, monocentric, non-randomized, prospective trial. Five patients with steroid-dependent minimal-change nephrotic syndrome, 1 patient with steroid-refractory minimal-change disease and 4 patients with steroid-refractory FSGS were started on tacrolimus at trough levels of 5 10 microg/l. In case of steroid-dependence, prednisolone was tapered off in presence oftacrolimus within one month. RESULTS:  Within 6 months, complete remission was achieved in 5 patients (50\%) and partial  remission in 4 patients (40\%), yielding a final response rate of 90\%. One patient was primarily resistent to tacrolimus (steroid-refractory minimal-change), another patient became secondarily resistant to tacrolimus after an initial remission (steroid-refractory FSGS). Average proteinuria significantly decreased  by 77\% from 9.5 +/- 1.4 - 2.2 +/- 1.1 g/day (p {\textless} 0.01). Serum protein significantly raised from 55.0 +/- 1.9 - 64.6 +/- 1.9 g/l (p {\textless} 0.01). Tacrolimus  induced non-significant increases of blood glucose (4.9 +/- 0.1 - 5.1 +/- 0.2 mmol/l), systolic blood pressure (131.4 +/- 7.1 - 139.0 +/- 7.6 mmHg) and creatinine (93.2 +/- 13.9 103.2 +/- 15.3 mmol/l). Five patients have been tapered off tacrolimus so far, nephrotic syndrome relapsed in 4 of them (80\%). Relapse occurred at tacrolimus levels between 2.6 and 6.9 ng/ml. CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggest that tacrolimus may be a promising alternative to cyclosporine both in steroid-resistant and steroid-dependent nephrotic syndrome.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {6},
	journal = {Clinical nephrology},
	author = {Westhoff, T. H. and Schmidt, S. and Zidek, W. and Beige, J. and van der Giet, M.},
	month = jun,
	year = {2006},
	pmid = {16792133},
	keywords = {Adult, Blood Glucose/analysis, Blood Pressure/drug effects, Blood Proteins/analysis, Creatinine/urine, Drug Resistance, Drug Therapy, Combination, Female, Glomerulosclerosis, Focal Segmental/drug therapy, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Nephrosis, Lipoid/drug therapy, Nephrotic Syndrome/*drug therapy, Prednisolone/therapeutic use, Proteinuria/drug therapy, Steroids/pharmacology/*therapeutic use, Tacrolimus/*therapeutic use},
	pages = {393--400}
}

Paper  doi  bibtex   

@article{neve_v_SPIROMETRY_2006,
title = {Spirometry in 3-5-year-old children with asthma},
volume = {41},
issn = {8755-6863},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16779838},
DOI = {10.1002/ppul.20389},
Language = {English},
Journal = {Pediatr. Pulmonol.},
author = {{Neve V} and {Edme JL} and {Devos P} and {Deschildre A} and {Thumerelle C} and {Santos C} and {Methlin CM} and {Matran M} and {Matran R}},
year = {2006},
keywords = {Asthma/diagnosis*, Asthma/physiopathology, Child, Preschool, Female, Functional Residual Capacity, Humans, Male, Motivation*, Play and Playthings, Quality Control, Respiratory Function Tests, Spirometry/standards*},
pages = {735-743}
}

@Article{Rasouli_2006_906,
  author = {Rasouli, M.L. and Shavelle, D.M. and French, W.J. and McKay, C.R. and Budoff, M.J.},
 journal = {Coronary Artery Dispatch},
 note = {0954-6928 (Print) Clinical Trial Comparative Study Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't},
 number = {4},
 pages = {359-364},
 title = {Assessment of coronary plaque morphology by contrast-enhanced computed tomographic angiography: {C}omparison with intravascular ultrasound},
 volume = {17},
 year = {2006},
 keywords = {Contrast, Media, Coronary, Angiography/*methods, Coronary, Arteriosclerosis/*radiography/*ultrasonography, Coronary, Vessels/pathology/ultrasonography, Female, Humans, Image, Processing, Computer-Assisted, Male, Middle, Aged, Tomography, X-Ray, Computed/*methods, Ultrasonography, Interventional/*methods},
 title_with_no_special_chars = {Assessment of coronary plaque morphology by contrastenhanced computed tomographic angiography Comparison with intravascular ultrasound}
}

@article{hernan_nonsteroidal_2006,
	title = {Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and the incidence of {Parkinson} disease},
	volume = {66},
	issn = {1526-632X},
	doi = {10.1212/01.wnl.0000204446.82823.28},
	abstract = {Animal and epidemiologic studies suggest that nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) decrease the incidence of Parkinson disease (PD). The authors studied 1,258 PD cases and 6,638 controls from the General Practice Research Database. The odds ratios (95\% CI) for ever vs never use were 0.93 (0.80 to 1.08) for nonaspirin NSAIDs, 1.29 (1.05 to 1.58) for aspirin, and 1.16 (1.00 to 1.35) for acetaminophen. Nonaspirin NSAID use was associated with a higher risk in women and a lower risk in men.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {7},
	journal = {Neurology},
	author = {Hernán, Miguel A. and Logroscino, Giancarlo and García Rodríguez, Luis A.},
	month = apr,
	year = {2006},
	pmid = {16606925},
	keywords = {Acetaminophen, Aged, Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal, Antiparkinson Agents, Aspirin, Case-Control Studies, Cohort Studies, Databases, Factual, Family Practice, Female, Great Britain, Humans, Male, Parkinson Disease, Sex Characteristics, Tremor, incidence},
	pages = {1097--1099}
}

Paper  doi  abstract   bibtex   

@article{paradowski_effect_2005,
	title = {The effect of patient characteristics on variability in pain and function over two years in early knee osteoarthritis.},
	volume = {3},
	issn = {1477-7525 1477-7525},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1477-7525-3-59},
	doi = {10.1186/1477-7525-3-59},
	abstract = {BACKGROUND: Large variations in pain and function are seen over time in subjects  at risk for and with radiographic knee osteoarthritis (OA). We hypothesized that  this variation may be related not only to knee OA but also to patient characteristics. The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of  age, gender, and body mass index (BMI) on clinically relevant change in pain and  function over two years in subjects at high risk for or with knee OA. METHODS: We assessed 143 individuals (16\% women, mean age 50 years [range 27-83]) twice; 14 and 16 years after isolated meniscectomy. Subjects completed one disease-specific questionnaire, the Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) and one generic measure, the SF-36. Individuals with a BMI between 25 and 29.9 were considered overweight, while individuals with a BMI of 30 or more were considered obese. RESULTS: Subjects aged 46-56 (the middle tertile) were more likely to change ({\textgreater} or =10 points on a 0-100 scale) in the KOOS subscale Activities of Daily Living (ADL) than younger subjects (odds ratio [OR] 4.5, 95\% confidence interval [95\% CI] 1.5-13.0). Essentially the same result was obtained after adjusting for baseline values. Overweight or obesity was a risk factor for clinically relevant change for knee pain (OR 2.4, 95\% CI 1.0-5.8, OR 4.0, 95\% CI  1.2-13.6) and obesity for change in ADL (OR 4.3, 95\% CI 1.2-15.4). The results did not remain significant when adjusted for the respective baseline value. Being symptomatic was strongly associated with increased variation in pain and function while presence or absence of radiographic changes did not influence change over two years in this cohort. CONCLUSION: In a population highly enriched in early-stage and established knee OA, symptomatic, middle-aged, and overweight or  obese subjects were more likely to vary in their knee function and pain over two  years. The natural course of knee pain and function may be associated with subject characteristics such as age and BMI.},
	language = {eng},
	journal = {Health and quality of life outcomes},
	author = {Paradowski, Przemyslaw T. and Englund, Martin and Lohmander, L. Stefan and Roos, Ewa M.},
	year = {2005},
	pmid = {16188034},
	pmcid = {PMC1253528},
	keywords = {*Outcome Assessment (Health Care), *Sickness Impact Profile, Age Factors, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Anterior Cruciate Ligament/physiopathology/surgery, Body Mass Index, Female, Humans, Male, Menisci, Tibial/physiopathology/*surgery, Middle Aged, Obesity/complications, Osteoarthritis, Knee/*physiopathology/surgery, Pain/*physiopathology, Recreation, Sex Factors, Surveys and Questionnaires, Sweden/epidemiology},
	pages = {59},
}

Paper  abstract   bibtex   

@article{johnson-restrepo_polybrominated_2005,
	title = {Polybrominated diphenyl ethers and polychlorinated biphenyls in human adipose tissue from {New} {York}.},
	volume = {39},
	issn = {0013-936X},
	url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16082945},
	abstract = {Human adipose tissue samples (n=52) collected in New York City during 2003-2004 were analyzed for the presence of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Concentrations of PBDEs in adipose tissues ranged from 17 to 9630 ng/g, lipid wt (median: 77; mean: 399 ng/g, lipid wt; sum all di- through hexaBDE congeners). Average PBDE concentrations in human adipose tissues from New York City were 10- to 100-times greater than those reported for European countries. A concentration of 9630 ng/g, lipid wt, found in a sample of adipose tissue, is one of the highest concentrations reported to date. PBDE 47 (2,2',4,4'-tetraBDE) was the major congener detected in human tissues, followed by PBDE congeners \#99 (2,2',4,4',5-penta BDE), 100 (2,2',4,4',6-pentaBDE), and 153 (2,2',4,4',5,5'-hexaBDE). A few individuals contained PBDE 153 as the predominant congener in total PBDE concentrations, suggesting alternative exposure sources, possibly occupational. Principal component analysis of PBDE congener composition in human adipose tissues revealed the presence of five clusters, each characterized by varying composition. No significant difference was found in the concentrations of PBDEs between gender. Concentrations of PBDEs were, on average, similar to those for PCBs in human adipose tissues, and substantially higher when PBDE outliers were retained. PBDE and PCB concentrations were not correlated. PBDE concentrations did not increase with increasing age of the subjects, whereas concentrations of PCBs increased with increasing age in males but not in females in this study. These results suggest differences between PBDEs and PCBs in their sources or time course of exposure and disposition. The presence of comparable or greater concentrations of PBDEs, relative to PCBs, highlights the importance of recentvoluntary and regulatory effortsto cease production of commercial penta- and octa-BDE in North America, although these efforts do not address continuing emissions from existing sources, such as polyurethane foams.},
	number = {14},
	journal = {Environmental science \& technology},
	author = {Johnson-Restrepo, Boris and Kannan, Kurunthachalam and Rapaport, David P and Rodan, Bruce D},
	month = jul,
	year = {2005},
	pmid = {16082945},
	keywords = {Adipose Tissue, Adipose Tissue: chemistry, Adolescent, Adult, Age Factors, Environmental Exposure, Environmental Pollutants, Environmental Pollutants: analysis, Environmental Pollutants: pharmacokinetics, Ethers, Ethers: analysis, Ethers: pharmacokinetics, Female, Flame retardants, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, New York, Polybrominated Biphenyls, Polybrominated Biphenyls: analysis, Polybrominated Biphenyls: pharmacokinetics, Polychlorinated Biphenyls, Polychlorinated Biphenyls: analysis, Polychlorinated Biphenyls: pharmacokinetics, Principal Component Analysis, Sex Factors, ffr, hum},
	pages = {5177--82}
}

@Article{Hartung_2005_994,
  author = {Hartung, D. and Sarai, M. and Petrov, A. and Kolodgie, F. and Narula, N. and Verjans, J. and Virmani, R. and Reutelingsperger, C. and Hofstra, L. and Narula, J.},
 journal = {J.Nucl.Med.},
 note = {DA - 20051206 NOT IN FILE},
 number = {12},
 pages = {2051-2056},
 title = {Resolution of apoptosis in atherosclerotic plaque by dietary modification and statin therapy},
 volume = {46},
 year = {2005},
 keywords = {Animal, Feed, Animals, Annexin, A5, Aorta, Apoptosis, Atherosclerosis, chemistry, Cholesterol, Coronary, Disease, drug, therapy, Female, Hydroxymethylglutaryl, CoA, Reductases, Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA, Reductase, Inhibitors, Immunohistochemistry, Incidence, Macrophages, Male, metabolism, methods, Mutation, pathology, pharmacokinetics, pharmacology, Rabbits, radionuclide, imaging, Recombinant, Proteins, Research, Support, N.I.H., Extramural, therapy},
 title_with_no_special_chars = {Resolution of apoptosis in atherosclerotic plaque by dietary modification and statin therapy}
}

@article{helms_utility_2005,
	title = {Utility of routinely acquired primary care data for paediatric disease epidemiology and pharmacoepidemiology},
	volume = {59},
	issn = {0306-5251},
	doi = {10.1111/j.1365-2125.2005.02404.x},
	abstract = {BACKGROUND: The majority of medicines prescribed for children are prescribed in primary care for common acute and chronic conditions. This is in contrast to prescribing in secondary care where the population of children admitted is small but where a large number of different medicines are prescribed to treat more serious and less common conditions.
METHODS: Data on prescribing was extracted from the General Practice Administration System for Scotland (GPASS) for the year November 1999 to October 2000 and prescribing patterns for children aged 0-16 years expressed as percentages. A comparison of age specific consultations for asthma, as an example of a common paediatric condition, was also made between two separate general practice data sets, the General Practice Research Database (GRPD) and the continuous morbidity recording (CMR) subset of GPASS.
RESULTS: Of 214 medicines investigated for unlicensed and off-label prescribing no unlicensed prescribing was identified. Off-label prescribing due to age was most common among younger and older children. The most common reasons for off-label prescriptions were, in order of frequency, lower than recommended dose, higher than recommended dose, below the recommended age, and unlicensed formulation. Age and gender specific consultations for asthma were similar in the two representative databases, GPRD and CMR, both showing disappearance of the male predominance in the teenage years.
CONCLUSIONS: Large primary care data sets available within a unified health care system such as the UK National Health Service (NHS) are likely to be broadly compatible and produce similar results. The prescribing of off-label medicines to children is common in primary care, most commonly due to prescribing out with the recommended dosage regimen.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {6},
	journal = {British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology},
	author = {Helms, Peter J. and Ekins Daukes, Suzie and Taylor, Michael W. and Simpson, Colin R. and McLay, James S.},
	month = jun,
	year = {2005},
	pmid = {15948933},
	pmcid = {PMC1884863},
	keywords = {Adolescent, Age Distribution, Asthma, Child, Child, Preschool, Databases, Factual, Drug Approval, Drug Prescriptions, Female, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Male, Medical Records Systems, Computerized, Pediatrics, Primary Health Care, Reproducibility of Results, Scotland, State Medicine, pharmacoepidemiology},
	pages = {684--690}
}

@Article{Weber_2005_1074,
  author = {Weber, C. and Begemann, P. and Wedegartner, U. and Meinertz, T. and Adam, G.},
 journal = {Rofo},
 note = {1438-9029 (Print) Comparative Study English Abstract Journal Article},
 number = {1},
 pages = {50--9},
 title = {Calcium scoring and coronary angiography performed with multislice spiral CT - clinical experience},
 volume = {177},
 year = {2005},
 keywords = {Adult, Aged, Aged, 80, and, over, Calcinosis/diagnosis/*radiography, Chi-Square, Distribution, *Coronary, Angiography, Coronary, Arteriosclerosis/diagnosis/radiography, Coronary, Disease/diagnosis/*radiography, Coronary, Stenosis/diagnosis/radiography, Electrocardiography, Female, Humans, Male, Middle, Aged, Prospective, Studies, Risk, Factors, Software, Tomography, Spiral, Computed/*methods},
 title_with_no_special_chars = {Calcium scoring and coronary angiography performed with multislice spiral CT  clinical experience}
}

Paper  abstract   bibtex   

@article{
 title = {Modelling the recent common ancestry of all living humans},
 type = {article},
 year = {2004},
 identifiers = {[object Object]},
 keywords = {*Computer Simulation,*Pedigree,*Phylogeny,Emigration and Immigration,Female,Geography,Humans,Male,Monte Carlo Method,Population Density,Population Dynamics,Reproduction,Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.,Time Factors},
 pages = {562-566},
 volume = {431},
 id = {c213cb6e-eeef-3a9b-8149-72c0b09cf516},
 created = {2017-06-19T13:43:49.961Z},
 file_attached = {true},
 profile_id = {de68dde1-2ff3-3a4e-a214-ef424d0c7646},
 group_id = {b2078731-0913-33b9-8902-a53629a24e83},
 last_modified = {2017-06-19T13:43:50.083Z},
 tags = {04/12/23},
 read = {false},
 starred = {false},
 authored = {false},
 confirmed = {true},
 hidden = {false},
 source_type = {Journal Article},
 notes = {<m:note>Journal Article</m:note>},
 abstract = {If a common ancestor of all living humans is defined as an individual who is a genealogical ancestor of all present-day people, the most recent common ancestor (MRCA) for a randomly mating population would have lived in the very recent past. However, the random mating model ignores essential aspects of population substructure, such as the tendency of individuals to choose mates from the same social group, and the relative isolation of geographically separated groups. Here we show that recent common ancestors also emerge from two models incorporating substantial population substructure. One model, designed for simplicity and theoretical insight, yields explicit mathematical results through a probabilistic analysis. A more elaborate second model, designed to capture historical population dynamics in a more realistic way, is analysed computationally through Monte Carlo simulations. These analyses suggest that the genealogies of all living humans overlap in remarkable ways in the recent past. In particular, the MRCA of all present-day humans lived just a few thousand years ago in these models. Moreover, among all individuals living more than just a few thousand years earlier than the MRCA, each present-day human has exactly the same set of genealogical ancestors.},
 bibtype = {article},
 author = {Rohde, D L and Olson, S and Chang, J T},
 journal = {Nature},
 number = {7008}
}

Paper  Website  abstract   bibtex   

@article{
 title = {Founder mutations among the Dutch},
 type = {article},
 year = {2004},
 identifiers = {[object Object]},
 keywords = {*Founder Effect,Alleles,European Continental Ancestry Group/*genetics/hist,Female,Gene Frequency/genetics,Genetic Diseases, Inborn/*genetics,Genetics, Population,History, 15th Century,History, 16th Century,History, 17th Century,History, 18th Century,History, 19th Century,History, 20th Century,History, 21st Century,History, Ancient,History, Medieval,Humans,Male,Mutation/*genetics,Netherlands,Pedigree},
 pages = {591-600},
 volume = {12},
 websites = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=15010701},
 id = {861dba44-a72a-37ad-a54b-b4f70aed149d},
 created = {2017-06-19T13:46:04.892Z},
 file_attached = {true},
 profile_id = {de68dde1-2ff3-3a4e-a214-ef424d0c7646},
 group_id = {b2078731-0913-33b9-8902-a53629a24e83},
 last_modified = {2017-06-19T13:46:05.028Z},
 read = {false},
 starred = {false},
 authored = {false},
 confirmed = {true},
 hidden = {false},
 source_type = {Journal Article},
 notes = {<m:note>1018-4813 (Print)<m:linebreak/>Historical Article<m:linebreak/>Journal Article<m:linebreak/>Review</m:note>},
 abstract = {Many genetic disorders demonstrate mutations that can be traced to a founder, sometimes a person who can be identified. These founder mutations have generated considerable interest, because they facilitate studies of prevalence and penetrance and can be used to quantify the degree of homogeneity within a population. This paper reports on founder mutations among the Dutch and relates their occurrence to the history and demography of the Netherlands. International migration, regional and religious endogamy, and rapid population growth played key roles in shaping the Dutch population. In the first millenniums BC and AD, the Netherlands were invaded by Celts, Romans, Huns, and Germans. In more recent times, large numbers of Huguenots and Germans migrated into the Netherlands. Population growth within the Netherlands was slow until the 19th century, when a period of rapid population growth started. Today, the Dutch population numbers 16 million inhabitants. Several different classes of founder mutations have been identified among the Dutch. Some mutations occur among people who represent genetic isolates within this country. These include mutations for benign familial cholestasis, diabetes mellitus, type I, infantile neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis, L-DOPA responsive dystonia, and triphalangeal thumb. Although not related to a specific isolate, other founder mutations were identified only within the Netherlands, including those predisposing for hereditary breast-ovarian cancer, familial hypercholesterolemia, frontotemporal dementia, hereditary paragangliomas, juvenile neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis, malignant melanoma, protein C deficiency, and San Filippo disease. Many of these show a regional distribution, suggesting dissemination from a founder. Some mutations that occur among the Dutch are shared with other European populations and others have been transmitted by Dutch emigres to their descendents in North America and South Africa. The occurrence of short chromosomal regions that have remained identical by descent has resulted in relatively limited genetic heterogeneity for many genetic conditions among the Dutch. These observations demonstrate the opportunity for gene discovery for other diseases and traits in the Netherlands.},
 bibtype = {article},
 author = {Zeegers, M P and van Poppel, F and Vlietinck, R and Spruijt, L and Ostrer, H},
 journal = {Eur J Hum Genet},
 number = {7}
}

@article{ koen_violence_2004,
  title = {Violence in male patients with schizophrenia: risk markers in a {South} {African} population},
  volume = {38},
  issn = {0004-8674},
  shorttitle = {Violence in male patients with schizophrenia},
  doi = {10.1111/j.1440-1614.2004.01338.x},
  abstract = {OBJECTIVE: We investigate the role of functional variants in the catecholamine-O-methyl transferase gene (COMT) and the monoamine oxidase-A gene (MOA-A), as well as previously identified non-genetic risk factors in the manifestation of violent behaviour in South African male schizophrenia patients.
METHOD: A cohort of 70 acutely relapsed male schizophrenia patients was stratified into violent and non-violent subsets, based on the presence or absence of previous or current violent behaviour. Standardized violence rating scales were also applied and the COMT/NlaIII and MAO-A promoter region variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR) polymorphisms were genotyped.
RESULTS: A multiple logistic regression model based on the clinical, genetic and socio-demographic variables indicated that delusions of control (OR = 3.7, 95% CI = 1.21-11.61) and the combined use of cannabis and alcohol (OR = 6.89, 95% CI = 1.28-37.05) were two significant predictors of violent behaviour in this schizophrenia population. No association was found between the tested polymorphisms and violent behaviour.
CONCLUSIONS: Although the sample size may have limited power to exclude a minor role for these specific gene variants, such a small contribution would have limited clinical relevance given the strong significance of the non-genetic markers. These findings suggest that currently proactive management of violent behaviour in this schizophrenia population should continue to be based on clinical predictors of violence.},
  language = {eng},
  number = {4},
  journal = {The Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry},
  author = {Koen, L. and Kinnear, C. J. and Corfield, V. A. and Emsley, R. A. and Jordaan, E. and Keyter, N. and Moolman-Smook, J. C. and Stein, D. J. and Niehaus, D. J. H.},
  month = {April},
  year = {2004},
  pmid = {15038805},
  note = {00040 },
  keywords = {Adult, Cohort Studies, Demography, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Ethnic Groups, Genetic Markers, Humans, Male, Minisatellite Repeats, Monoamine Oxidase, Polymorphism, Genetic, Promoter Regions, Genetic, Risk Factors, Schizophrenia, Schizophrenic Psychology, South Africa, Substance-Related Disorders, Tandem Repeat Sequences, Violence},
  pages = {254--259}
}

@article{fischer_discontinuation_2004,
	title = {Discontinuation of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug therapy and risk of acute myocardial infarction},
	volume = {164},
	issn = {0003-9926},
	doi = {10.1001/archinte.164.22.2472},
	abstract = {BACKGROUND: Systemic inflammation has been shown to be associated with an increased risk of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). However, the effect of the use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) on the risk of AMI has not yet been well defined. We therefore studied the risk of AMI during NSAID exposure and after the cessation of NSAID therapy.
METHODS: We conducted a large case-control analysis on the British General Practice Research Database. The study included 8688 cases with a first-time AMI between 1995 and 2001 and 33 923 controls, matched to cases on age, sex, calendar time, and general practice attended.
RESULTS: After adjusting for hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes mellitus, ischemic heart disease, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, acute chest infection, body mass index, smoking, and aspirin use, the risk of AMI was 1.52 (95\% confidence interval [CI], 1.33-1.74) for subjects who stopped taking NSAIDs 1 to 29 days prior to the index date, compared with nonusers. The risk was highest in subjects with rheumatoid arthritis or systemic lupus erythematosus (adjusted OR, 3.68 [95\% CI, 2.36-5.74]) and for subjects who discontinued therapy with NSAIDs after previous long-term use (adjusted OR, 2.60 [95\% CI, 1.84-3.68]). Current and past NSAID use (discontinued therapy {\textgreater}/=60 days prior to the index date) were not associated with an increased risk of AMI (adjusted OR, 1.07 [95\% CI, 0.96-1.19] and 1.05 [95\% CI, 0.99-1.12], respectively).
CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that the risk of AMI is increased during several weeks after the cessation of NSAID therapy.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {22},
	journal = {Archives of Internal Medicine},
	author = {Fischer, Lorenz M. and Schlienger, Raymond G. and Matter, Christian M. and Jick, Hershel and Meier, Christoph R.},
	month = dec,
	year = {2004},
	pmid = {15596638},
	keywords = {Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal, Arthritis, Rheumatoid, Female, Humans, Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic, Male, Middle Aged, Myocardial Infarction, Substance Withdrawal Syndrome},
	pages = {2472--2476}
}

@article{ santarelli_requirement_2003,
  title = {Requirement of hippocampal neurogenesis for the behavioral effects of antidepressants},
  volume = {301},
  issn = {1095-9203},
  doi = {10.1126/science.1083328},
  abstract = {Various chronic antidepressant treatments increase adult hippocampal neurogenesis, but the functional importance of this phenomenon remains unclear. Here, using genetic and radiological methods, we show that disrupting antidepressant-induced neurogenesis blocks behavioral responses to antidepressants. Serotonin 1A receptor null mice were insensitive to the neurogenic and behavioral effects of fluoxetine, a serotonin selective reuptake inhibitor. X-irradiation of a restricted region of mouse brain containing the hippocampus prevented the neurogenic and behavioral effects of two classes of antidepressants. These findings suggest that the behavioral effects of chronic antidepressants may be mediated by the stimulation of neurogenesis in the hippocampus.},
  language = {eng},
  number = {5634},
  journal = {Science (New York, N.Y.)},
  author = {Santarelli, Luca and Saxe, Michael and Gross, Cornelius and Surget, Alexandre and Battaglia, Fortunato and Dulawa, Stephanie and Weisstaub, Noelia and Lee, James and Duman, Ronald and Arancio, Ottavio and Belzung, Catherine and Hen, René},
  month = {August},
  year = {2003},
  pmid = {12907793},
  keywords = {8-Hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin, Animals, Antidepressive Agents, Antidepressive Agents, Second-Generation, Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic, Behavior, Animal, Cell Division, Conditioning (Psychology), Dentate Gyrus, Fear, Feeding Behavior, Fluoxetine, Grooming, Hippocampus, Long-Term Potentiation, Male, Mice, Mice, Knockout, Neurons, Receptors, Serotonin, Receptors, Serotonin, 5-{HT}1, Stress, Physiological, Synaptic Transmission},
  pages = {805--809}
}

Paper  abstract   bibtex   

@article{
 title = {A family with spinal anaplastic ependymoma: evidence of loss of chromosome 22q in tumor.},
 type = {article},
 year = {2003},
 identifiers = {[object Object]},
 keywords = {Adult,Chromosomes, Human, Pair 22,Ependymoma,Ependymoma: diagnosis,Ependymoma: genetics,Female,Genes, Neurofibromatosis 2,Germ-Line Mutation,Humans,Loss of Heterozygosity,Male,Microsatellite Repeats,Pedigree,Spinal Neoplasms,Spinal Neoplasms: genetics},
 pages = {598-602},
 volume = {48},
 websites = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14566482},
 month = {1},
 id = {27bbabe4-815b-349a-bf02-494ff0fc34a0},
 created = {2014-08-02T22:29:07.000Z},
 accessed = {2014-08-02},
 file_attached = {true},
 profile_id = {be299c88-7105-3a8d-a1cd-3aa95c25e2c4},
 group_id = {a484ae4c-fcac-3c7e-9ac3-3fad0df719a2},
 last_modified = {2014-12-29T21:45:19.000Z},
 read = {false},
 starred = {false},
 authored = {false},
 confirmed = {true},
 hidden = {false},
 abstract = {Familial ependymal tumors are a very rare disease, the pathogenesis of which is unknown. Previous studies indicate an involvement of tumor suppressor genes localized within chromosomal region 22q, whereas details are still unclear. Here we report a non-neurofibromatosis type-2 (non-NF2) Japanese family in which two of the four members are affected with cervical spinal cord ependymoma, and one of the four is affected with schwannoma. Loss of heterozygosity (LOH) studies were carried out searching for common allelic loss at chromosomal region 22q11.2-qtel in two of the affected patients. Our findings support a prediction for existence of a tumor suppressor gene on chromosome 22 especially related to the tumorigenesis of familial ependymal tumors.},
 bibtype = {article},
 author = {Yokota, Takashi and Tachizawa, Takayuki and Fukino, Koichi and Teramoto, Akira and Kouno, Jun and Matsumoto, Koshi and Emi, Mitsuru},
 journal = {Journal of human genetics},
 number = {11}
}

@article{peyriere_adverse_2003,
	title = {Adverse drug events associated with hospital admission},
	volume = {37},
	issn = {1060-0280},
	abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To increase the knowledge base on the frequency, causality, and avoidability of adverse drug events (ADEs) as a cause for admission in internal medicine or when occurring during hospitalization.
METHODS: A prospective study was performed for 6 periods of 8 days each. Epidemiologic data (e.g., age, gender, medical history), drug utilization, and adverse drug reactions on patients hospitalized during these periods were collected by a pharmacy student.
RESULTS: A total of 156 patients (70 men and 86 women) were included in the study. The patients' mean age +/- SD was 66.5 +/- 18.1 years and mean length of stay was 13.2 +/- 9 days. Renal and hepatic insufficiency and previous history of drug intolerance were observed in 17.9\%, 10.2\%, and 2\% of the hospitalized patients, respectively. Thirty-eight ADEs occurred in 32 patients; in 15 cases, ADEs were identified as the reason for admission, 10 cases occurred during hospitalization, and 13 cases were present at admission, but were not the cause of admission. The most frequent ADEs involved the neurologic (23.6\%), renal (15.7\%), and hematologic (13.1\%) systems. Among these 38 ADEs, 22 were considered avoidable (57.9\%); 20 of these were associated with therapeutic errors (inappropriate administration, drug-drug interactions, dosage error, drug not stopped despite the onset of ADEs). Patients with ADEs stayed longer in the hospital and took more drugs both before and during their hospital stay (p {\textless} 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS: Most of the ADEs observed in this study were avoidable. The risk/benefit ratio of administered drugs could be improved with better knowledge of the patients' medical history and the risk factors of ADEs.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {1},
	journal = {The Annals of Pharmacotherapy},
	author = {Peyriere, Hélène and Cassan, Stéphanie and Floutard, Edith and Riviere, Sophie and Blayac, Jean-Pierre and Hillaire-Buys, Dominique and Le Quellec, Alain and Hansel, Sylvie},
	month = jan,
	year = {2003},
	pmid = {12503925},
	keywords = {Adult, Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting Systems, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Drug Hypersensitivity, Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions, Female, Hospitalization, Humans, Length of Stay, Male, Medication Errors, Middle Aged, Pharmacy Service, Hospital, Prospective Studies, Risk Factors},
	pages = {5--11}
}

@article{jick_epidemiology_2003,
	title = {Epidemiology and possible causes of autism},
	volume = {23},
	issn = {0277-0008},
	abstract = {OBJECTIVES: To review the recent literature on possible causes of the increase in frequency of diagnosed autism reported from three countries, and to compare the medical diagnoses and drug therapy from a new series of autistic boys and their mothers with that of comparable nonautistic boys and their mothers.
DESIGN: Case-control evaluation.
PARTICIPANTS: Members of over 250 general practices in the United Kingdom.
MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Frequency of exposure to drugs and presence of preexisting clinical illnesses in autistic children and their mothers were compared with nonautistic children and their mothers over time. According to published studies, the incidence of boys diagnosed with autism rose dramatically in the 1990s. Numerous published studies have concluded that the measles-mumps-rubella vaccine is not responsible for the large rise in diagnosed autism. In our study, boys diagnosed with autism had medical and drug histories, such as vaccines, before diagnosis, that were closely similar to those of nonautistic boys, except that developmental and sensory disorders were far more common in autistic boys. No material differences during pregnancy were found between the mothers of autistic boys and those of nonautistic boys in relation to illness or drug therapy. In the early 1990s, boys with diagnosed developmental disorders were infrequently diagnosed with autism. In the later 1990s, such boys more often were diagnosed with autism.
CONCLUSION: A major cause of the recent large increase in the number of boys diagnosed with autism probably is due to changing diagnostic practices.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {12},
	journal = {Pharmacotherapy},
	author = {Jick, Hershel and Kaye, James A.},
	month = dec,
	year = {2003},
	pmid = {14695031},
	keywords = {Autistic Disorder, Case-Control Studies, Child, Preschool, Epidemiologic Methods, Female, Humans, Male, Measles-Mumps-Rubella Vaccine, Pregnancy Complications, Retrospective Studies, pregnancy},
	pages = {1524--1530}
}

@article{taylor_theileria_2002,
	title = {Theileria annulata: virulence and transmission from single and mixed clone infections in cattle.},
	volume = {100},
	issn = {0014-4894 0014-4894},
	abstract = {Theoretically, parasite virulence should be higher for faster growing parasites,  and higher in mixed infections compared to single-clone infections. Virulence should also be positively correlated to transmission rates. Theileria annulata provides a good model system for studying such hypotheses, as parasite replication causes harm to the host, and there is evidence suggesting that the genetic complexity of an infection might affect its virulence. Two clones of T. annulata were chosen, one fast growing and one slow growing in vitro and these were used to establish cattle infections, either alone, or in a mixed infection.  Virulence was measured using lymph node expansion, temperature, and blood parameters as correlates. As predicted, the faster growing clone was found to produce higher virulence. Mixed infections did not show higher virulence than single-clone infections, but interactions within mixed infections resulted in more transmission stage production than seen in either of the single-clone infections. Index Descriptors and Abbreviations. Theileria annulata, Apicomplexa, mixed infections, virulence, growth rates, red blood cell, RBC; packed cell volume, PCV.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {3},
	journal = {Experimental parasitology},
	author = {Taylor, Louise H. and Welburn, Sue C. and Woolhouse, Mark E. J.},
	month = mar,
	year = {2002},
	pmid = {12173404},
	keywords = {Animals, Cattle, Erythrocyte Count, Genotype, Host-Parasite Interactions, Leukocyte Count, Male, Parasitemia/parasitology, Theileria annulata/classification/genetics/growth \& development/*pathogenicity, Theileriasis/*parasitology/*transmission, Virulence},
	pages = {186--195}
}

@article{schlienger_use_2002,
	title = {Use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and the risk of first-time acute myocardial infarction},
	volume = {54},
	issn = {0306-5251},
	abstract = {AIMS: Aspirin decreases the risk of clinical manifestations of atherothrombosis. This effect is mainly due to inhibition of platelet aggregation and potentially due to anti-inflammatory properties of aspirin. To evaluate whether use of non-aspirin non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) may also be associated with a decreased risk of first-time acute myocardial infarction (AMI), we performed a population-based case-control analysis using the United Kingdom-based General Practice Research Database (GPRD) METHODS: We identified first-time AMI-patients free of preexisting diagnosed cardiovascular or metabolic diseases. We compared use of NSAIDs prior to the index date between cases and control patients who were matched to cases on age, gender, practice and calendar time.
RESULTS: A total of 3319 cases ({\textless}or=75 years) with a diagnosis of first-time AMI between 1992 and 1997 and 13139 controls (matched to cases on age, sex, general practice attended, calendar time, years of prior history in the GPRD) were included. Overall, the relative risk estimate of AMI (adjusted for smoking, body mass index, hormone replacement therapy and aspirin) in current NSAID users was 1.17 (95\% CI 0.99, 1.37). Long-term current NSAID use ({\textgreater}or=30 prescriptions) yielded an adjusted odds ratio (OR) of 1.20 (95\% CI 0.94, 1.55). Stratification by age ({\textless}65 years vs{\textgreater}or=65 years) and sex did not materially change the results.
CONCLUSIONS: Our findings indicate that current NSAID exposure in patients free of diagnosed cardiovascular or metabolic conditions predisposing to cardiovascular diseases does not decrease the risk of AMI.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {3},
	journal = {British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology},
	author = {Schlienger, Raymond G. and Jick, Hershel and Meier, Christoph R.},
	month = sep,
	year = {2002},
	pmid = {12236854},
	pmcid = {PMC1874430},
	keywords = {Adult, Aged, Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal, Case-Control Studies, Female, Great Britain, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Myocardial Infarction, Risk Assessment, Risk Factors},
	pages = {327--332}
}

Paper  Website  abstract   bibtex   

@article{
 title = {The dementias.},
 type = {article},
 year = {2002},
 identifiers = {[object Object]},
 keywords = {Age Distribution,Aged,Alzheimer Disease,Alzheimer Disease: etiology,Alzheimer Disease: genetics,Alzheimer Disease: mortality,Cholinesterase Inhibitors,Cholinesterase Inhibitors: therapeutic use,Dementia,Dementia: classification,Dementia: epidemiology,Dementia: physiopathology,Female,Humans,Lewy Body Disease,Lewy Body Disease: drug therapy,Lewy Body Disease: physiopathology,Long-Term Care,Male,Molecular Biology,Prevalence,Sex Distribution},
 pages = {1759-66},
 volume = {360},
 websites = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12480441},
 month = {11},
 day = {30},
 id = {cca45e46-8add-385a-b55b-d8f89f835359},
 created = {2017-06-19T13:41:24.205Z},
 file_attached = {true},
 profile_id = {de68dde1-2ff3-3a4e-a214-ef424d0c7646},
 group_id = {b2078731-0913-33b9-8902-a53629a24e83},
 last_modified = {2017-06-19T13:41:24.353Z},
 read = {false},
 starred = {false},
 authored = {false},
 confirmed = {true},
 hidden = {false},
 abstract = {Dementia affects about 5% of the elderly population over age 65 years and has an unexplained predominance in women and a low rate in some cultures. Different forms of dementia are now distinguished-Alzheimer's disease, dementia with Lewy bodies, frontotemporal dementia, and dementia secondary to disease, such as AIDS dementia. However, such nosological boundaries are being re-evaluated because different dementias are believed to have common underlying neuropathology. Neurochemical and neurobiological research has led to advances in understanding causes of dementia, and functional imaging has allowed identification of possible biomarkers; from these, a range of potential treatment approaches have arisen that focus on enhancement of neurotransmitter function, intervention at the level of amyloid production and deposition, and reduction of secondary risk factors such as hypertension, depression, and hypolipidaemia. Molecular diagnostic testing and genetic counselling for families with autosomal dominant early-onset dementia are new developments; however, this approach is not useful for late-onset dementia, in which the identified candidate susceptibility genes have a relatively small effect on risk. While fundamental research works towards new biological treatment strategies, much remains to be done in the area of disease management and the development of appropriate models of long-term care.},
 bibtype = {article},
 author = {Ritchie, Karen and Lovestone, Simon},
 journal = {Lancet},
 number = {9347}
}

Website  abstract   bibtex   

@article{
 title = {Grounding spatial language in perception: an empirical and computational investigation.},
 type = {article},
 year = {2001},
 identifiers = {[object Object]},
 keywords = {Adult,Discrimination Learning,Female,Humans,Male,Orientation,Pattern Recognition, Visual,Psycholinguistics,Semantics,Space Perception,Verbal Learning},
 pages = {273-98},
 volume = {130},
 websites = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11409104},
 month = {6},
 id = {f03a3f85-fc38-3a50-8e63-ac6586b9fb9c},
 created = {2017-09-01T15:53:20.987Z},
 accessed = {2016-01-30},
 file_attached = {false},
 profile_id = {80da7853-f7b7-36a9-8e4c-d7ddb2d9e538},
 group_id = {a2333ea3-15a4-3d40-8d36-f0d9590ca926},
 last_modified = {2017-09-01T15:53:21.069Z},
 read = {false},
 starred = {false},
 authored = {false},
 confirmed = {true},
 hidden = {false},
 citation_key = {Regier2001},
 abstract = {The present paper grounds the linguistic cdategorization of space in aspects of visual perception; specifically, the structure of projective spatial terms such as above are grounded in the process of attention and in vector-sum coding of overall direction. This is formalized in the attentional vector-sum (AVS) model. This computational model accurately predicts linguistic acceptability judgments for spatial terms, under a variety of spatial configurations. In 7 experiments, the predictions of the AVS model are tested against those of 3 competing models. The results support the AVS model and disconfirm its competitors. The authors conclude that the structure of linguistic spatial categories can be partially explained in terms of independently motivated perceptual processes.},
 bibtype = {article},
 author = {Regier, T and Carlson, L A},
 journal = {Journal of experimental psychology. General},
 number = {2}
}

@Article{Burke_2001_1516,
  author = {Burke, A. P. and Kolodgie, F. D. and Farb, A. and Weber, D. K. and Malcom, G. T. and Smialek, J. and Virmani, R.},
 journal = {Circulation},
 note = {DA - 20010222 NOT IN FILE},
 number = {7},
 pages = {934-940},
 title = {Healed plaque ruptures and sudden coronary death: {E}vidence that subclinical rupture has a role in plaque progression},
 volume = {103},
 year = {2001},
 keywords = {Arteries, Atherosclerosis, Cell, Differentiation, Cell, Division, complications, Coronary, Arteriosclerosis, Coronary, Vessels, Death, Sudden, Cardiac, Demography, epidemiology, etiology, Humans, Immunohistochemistry, Male, methods, Middle, Aged, Muscle, Smooth, Vascular, Myocardial, Infarction, Organ, Size, pathology, Research, Support, U.S.Gov't, P.H.S., Risk, Factors, Rupture, Rupture, Spontaneous, Wound, Healing},
 title_with_no_special_chars = {Healed plaque ruptures and sudden coronary death Evidence that subclinical rupture has a role in plaque progression}
}

@article{garcia_rodriguez_relative_2001,
	title = {Relative risk of upper gastrointestinal complications among users of acetaminophen and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs},
	volume = {12},
	issn = {1044-3983},
	abstract = {Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have been associated with an increase in upper gastrointestinal complications. There is no agreement, however, on whether all conventional NSAIDs have a similar relative risk (RR), and epidemiologic data are limited on acetaminophen. We studied the association between these medications and the risk of upper gastrointestinal bleed/perforation in a population-based cohort of 958,397 persons in the United Kingdom between 1993 and 1998. Our nested case-control analysis included 2,105 cases and 11,500 controls. RR estimates were adjusted for several factors known to be associated with upper gastrointestinal bleed/perforation. Compared with non-users, users of acetaminophen at doses less than 2 gm did not have an increased risk of upper gastrointestinal complications. The adjusted RR for acetaminophen at doses greater than 2 gm was 3.6 [95\% confidence interval (95\% CI) = 2.6-5.1]. The corresponding RRs for low/medium and high doses of NSAIDs were 2.4 (95\% CI = 1.9-3.1) and 4.9 (95\% CI = 4.1-5.8). The RR was 3.1 (95\% CI = 2.5, 3.8) for short plasma half-life, 4.5 (95\% CI = 3.5-5.9) for long half-life, and 5.4 (95\% CI = 4.0-7.1) for slow-release formulations of NSAIDs. After adjusting for daily dose, the differences in RR between individual NSAIDs tended to diminish except for apazone. Users of H2 receptor antagonists, omeprazole, and misoprostol had RRs of 1.4 (95\% CI = 1.2-1.8), 0.6 (95\% CI = 0.4-0.9), and 0.6 (95\% CI = 0.4-1.0), respectively. Among NSAID users, use of nitrates was associated with an RR of 0.6 (95\% CI = 0.4-1.0).},
	language = {eng},
	number = {5},
	journal = {Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.)},
	author = {García Rodríguez, L. A. and Hernández-Díaz, S.},
	month = sep,
	year = {2001},
	pmid = {11505178},
	keywords = {Acetaminophen, Adult, Aged, Analgesics, Non-Narcotic, Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal, Case-Control Studies, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Female, Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage, Great Britain, Half-Life, Humans, Logistic Models, Male, Middle Aged, Peptic Ulcer, Population Surveillance, Risk, incidence},
	pages = {570--576}
}

Website  abstract   bibtex   

@article{
 title = {Multivariate frailty model with a major gene: application to genealogical data},
 type = {article},
 year = {2000},
 identifiers = {[object Object]},
 keywords = {*Genetic Predisposition to Disease,*Models, Genetic,Adolescent,Adult,Alleles,Child,Child, Preschool,Female,Genotype,Humans,Infant,Infant, Newborn,Longevity/*genetics,Male,Mathematical Computing,Multivariate Analysis,Quebec,Risk,Software,Survival Analysis},
 pages = {412-416},
 volume = {77},
 websites = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=11187585},
 id = {23588418-0e3c-33dd-b0e4-fed475556b34},
 created = {2017-06-19T13:44:21.917Z},
 file_attached = {false},
 profile_id = {de68dde1-2ff3-3a4e-a214-ef424d0c7646},
 group_id = {b2078731-0913-33b9-8902-a53629a24e83},
 last_modified = {2017-06-19T13:44:22.080Z},
 read = {false},
 starred = {false},
 authored = {false},
 confirmed = {true},
 hidden = {false},
 source_type = {Journal Article},
 notes = {<m:note>0926-9630<m:linebreak/>Journal Article</m:note>},
 abstract = {Multivariate survival models are shown to be appropriate for the analysis of the genetic and the environmental nature of a human life-span. Models which involve continuously distributed individual frailty, play an important role in the genetic analysis of an individual's susceptibility to disease and death. These models, however, are not appropriate for the detection of the effects of separate genes on survival. For this purpose we developed a 'major gene' frailty model of multivariate survival and applied it to simulated and real pedigree data. The analysis shows that this model can be used for the detection of the presence of major genes in the population and for the evaluation of the effects of such genes on survival.},
 bibtype = {article},
 author = {Begun, A and Desjardins, B and Iachine, I and Yashin, A},
 journal = {Stud Health Technol Inform}
}

Paper  Website  abstract   bibtex   

@article{
 title = {Predictive value of T-wave alternans for arrhythmic events in patients with congestive heart failure.},
 type = {article},
 year = {2000},
 identifiers = {[object Object]},
 keywords = {Arrhythmias,Cardiac,Cardiac: diagnosis,Cardiac: etiology,Cardiac: physiopathology,Electrocardiography,Female,Follow-Up Studies,Heart Failure,Heart Failure: complications,Heart Failure: physiopathology,Humans,Male,Middle Aged,Multivariate Analysis,Predictive Value of Tests,Proportional Hazards Models,Risk Assessment,Survival Rate},
 pages = {651-2},
 volume = {356},
 websites = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10968440},
 id = {ced9e31d-798b-3043-8db7-8757648ad7cc},
 created = {2015-04-30T11:14:47.000Z},
 file_attached = {true},
 profile_id = {5e73f9af-1f10-3a70-a285-d3fbb699efe2},
 group_id = {e134fb94-8118-3ebe-b82d-bfbf0a8ae633},
 last_modified = {2015-04-30T12:49:42.000Z},
 read = {false},
 starred = {false},
 authored = {false},
 confirmed = {true},
 hidden = {false},
 abstract = {Measurement of microvolt level T-wave alternans in the surface electrocardiogram is a novel way to assess the risk of ventricular arrhythmias. Seven tests of arrhythmic risk, including T-wave alternans, were undertaken in 107 consecutive patients with congestive heart failure and no history of sustained ventricular arrhythmias; the patients were followed up for arrhythmic events during the next 18 months. Of the patients with events, 11 had positive and two indeterminate T-wave alternans results; there were no arrhythmic events among patients with negative T-wave alternans results. Of the seven tests, only T-wave alternans was a significant (p=0.0036) and independent predictor of arrhythmic events.},
 bibtype = {article},
 author = {Klingenheben, T and Zabel, M and D'Agostino, R B and Cohen, Richard J and Hohnloser, S H},
 journal = {Lancet},
 number = {9230}
}

Paper  Website  abstract   bibtex   

@article{
 title = {Unique PABP2 mutations in "Cajuns" suggest multiple founders of oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy in populations with French ancestry},
 type = {article},
 year = {1999},
 identifiers = {[object Object]},
 keywords = {Base Sequence,Canada,Canada/ethnology,Canada: ethnology,DNA-Binding Proteins,DNA-Binding Proteins/*genetics,DNA-Binding Proteins: genetics,Ethnic Groups,Ethnic Groups/*genetics,Ethnic Groups: genetics,Female,France,France/ethnology,France: ethnology,Human,Humans,Louisiana,Male,Microsatellite Repeats,Microsatellite Repeats/*genetics,Microsatellite Repeats: genetics,Muscular Dystrophies,Muscular Dystrophies/*genetics,Muscular Dystrophies: genetics,Non-U.S. Gov't,Pedigree,Poly(A)-Binding Protein II,Support},
 pages = {477-481},
 volume = {86},
 websites = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10508991},
 month = {10},
 day = {29},
 id = {45d065a8-6799-3e6b-880b-3fa24b3356fa},
 created = {2017-06-19T13:42:02.365Z},
 file_attached = {true},
 profile_id = {de68dde1-2ff3-3a4e-a214-ef424d0c7646},
 group_id = {b2078731-0913-33b9-8902-a53629a24e83},
 last_modified = {2017-06-19T13:42:02.505Z},
 tags = {04/09/07},
 read = {false},
 starred = {false},
 authored = {false},
 confirmed = {true},
 hidden = {false},
 source_type = {Journal Article},
 notes = {<m:note>        <m:bold>From Duplicate 1 ( </m:bold>                <m:bold>          </m:bold><m:bold><m:italic>Unique PABP2 mutations in &quot;Cajuns&quot; suggest multiple founders of oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy in populations with French ancestry</m:italic></m:bold><m:bold>        </m:bold>                <m:bold> - Scacheri, P C; Garcia, C; Hebert, R; Hoffman, E P )<m:linebreak/>        </m:bold>        <m:linebreak/>Journal Article<m:linebreak/>        <m:linebreak/>      </m:note>},
 abstract = {Oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy (OPMD) is an adult-onset autosomal dominant myopathy found world-wide, but with the highest incidence in French-Canadians. Short GCG expansions in the poly(A) binding protein 2 (PABP2) gene were identified recently as the molecular basis for OPMD in French-Canadians. All French-Canadian cases of OPMD have been traced to a single founder couple [Bouchard, 1997: Neuromuscul Disord 7(Suppl):S5-S11]. Cultural links between French-Canadians and Cajuns suggest that this same founder couple may have transmitted the OPMD mutation to Cajuns as well. To determine if OPMD patients from Louisiana share a founder effect with French-Canadian families, we collected blood samples and muscle biopsies from several Cajuns with OPMD for mutation and linkage studies. We found a unique 'GCA GCG GCG' insertion mutation in Cajuns. Consistent with these sequence data, we identified a disease haplotype in our Cajun families that is different from the ancestral haplotype defined in French-Canadians. These data prove that different founders introduced the PABP2 mutation to Cajuns and French-Canadians and lend support to emerging genealogical data suggesting that French-Canadians and Cajuns represent distinct immigrant groups from France.},
 bibtype = {article},
 author = {Scacheri, P C and Garcia, C and Hébert, R and Hoffman, E P and Hebert, R},
 journal = {Am J Med Genet},
 number = {5}
}

@article{
 title = {Visual-proprioceptive mapping in children with developmental coordination disorder},
 type = {article},
 year = {1999},
 identifiers = {[object Object]},
 keywords = {Case-Control Studies,Child,Female,Growth Disorders,Humans,Male,Motor Skills,Preschool,Proprioception,Vision,physiopathology,psychology},
 pages = {247-254},
 volume = {41},
 id = {2a1d6312-9620-3630-b63f-f17c2d8e07ef},
 created = {2016-01-12T14:17:48.000Z},
 file_attached = {false},
 profile_id = {d5b53108-91c5-30b8-8e6c-dd027f636bcd},
 last_modified = {2017-03-16T06:19:45.131Z},
 read = {false},
 starred = {false},
 authored = {true},
 confirmed = {true},
 hidden = {false},
 abstract = {Developmental coordination disorder (DCD) occurs in a small but significant proportion of children who present with impaired body-eye coordination and show poor acquisition of motor skills. This study investigated the visual-proprioceptive mapping ability of children with DCD from a small selected group, with particular reference to the use of vision in matching tasks. The children with DCD in this study were significantly poorer than control children on all matching tasks. They seemed to have particular difficulty in cross-modal judgements that required the use of visual information to guide proprioceptive judgements of limb position. A distinction is drawn between tasks that can be achieved purely through sensory matching and those that require body-centred spatial judgements, suggesting that it is the latter that posits a particular difficulty for children with DCD},
 bibtype = {article},
 author = {Mon-Williams, M A and Wann, J P and Pascal, E},
 journal = {Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology},
 number = {4}
}

@article{
 title = {The conceptual structure of research utilization},
 type = {article},
 year = {1999},
 identifiers = {[object Object]},
 id = {e8334dc3-a5a9-376c-ad94-9ea7843d072d},
 created = {2016-12-15T22:52:55.000Z},
 file_attached = {false},
 profile_id = {369acd69-1fe7-313d-821e-cb7bbe1ddab2},
 last_modified = {2017-03-25T14:39:59.517Z},
 read = {false},
 starred = {false},
 authored = {true},
 confirmed = {false},
 hidden = {false},
 private_publication = {false},
 bibtype = {article},
 author = {Estabrooks, C A}
}

@article{daneman_value_1998,
	title = {The value of sonography, {CT} and air enema for detection of complicated {Meckel} diverticulum in children with nonspecific clinical presentation},
	volume = {28},
	issn = {0301-0449},
	doi = {10.1007/s002470050502},
	abstract = {BACKGROUND: Complicated Meckel diverticulum (MD) in children does not always present with painless rectal bleeding and its presentation can then produce a difficult diagnostic dilemma. In this clinical setting, sonography (US), CT or even air enema may be the first modality chosen to evaluate these children rather than the radionuclide Meckel scan (RNMS).
PURPOSE: To assess the value of US, CT and air enema for detection of complicated MD.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Review of clinical, imaging, surgical and pathological findings in 64 children (55 males, 9 females) aged 4 days -14 years (mean = 3.7 years) with MD seen during an 8-year period, 1990-1997.
RESULTS: (a) In 33 patients with rectal bleeding, MD was detected on RNMS in 32. Ten of these 32 had other imaging studies, all of which were negative. (b) The other 31 patients, with varied clinical presentations, did not undergo RNMS. In these 31 and the 1 with a negative RNMS, 14 (44 \%) had imaging features highly suggestive for the diagnosis of MD on US in all 14, on CT in 1, and on air enema in 3. The radiological spectrum of the inflamed, hemorrhagic MD is illustrated.
CONCLUSION: The inflamed, hemorrhagic and the inverted, intussuscepted MD have a spectrum of features recognizable on US, CT and air enema. Some of these appearances are specific, others are not. Knowledge of and recognition of these features will facilitate detection of complicated MD in larger numbers of children presenting with symptoms other than the classic history of painless rectal bleeding and also in those with normal RNMS.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {12},
	journal = {Pediatric Radiology},
	author = {Daneman, A. and Lobo, E. and Alton, D. J. and Shuckett, B.},
	month = dec,
	year = {1998},
	pmid = {9880634},
	keywords = {Adolescent, Child, Child, Preschool, Enema, Female, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Male, Meckel Diverticulum, Pneumoradiography, Retrospective Studies, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, ultrasonography},
	pages = {928--932}
}

@article{hippisley-cox_are_1998,
	title = {Are spouses of patients with hypertension at increased risk of having hypertension? {A} population-based case-control study},
	volume = {48},
	issn = {0960-1643},
	shorttitle = {Are spouses of patients with hypertension at increased risk of having hypertension?},
	abstract = {BACKGROUND: Studies of couples, who tend to share an environment but are genetically dissimilar, can shed light on the contribution of environmental factors to hypertension. There has been renewed interest in these environmental factors following the re-analysis of the INTERSALT study.
AIM: To determine whether patients whose spouses have hypertension are at increased risk of hypertension, using a population-based case-control study.
METHOD: The total study population consisted of all 3923 patients over 30 years old registered with one general practice. Male cases with hypertension were matched to male controls without hypertension. Female cases with hypertension were matched to female controls without hypertension. The variables were: diagnosed hypertension; having a spouse with diagnosed hypertension; age; sex; weight; height; body-mass index; couple status; diabetes; and systolic and diastolic blood pressure readings.
RESULTS: On multivariate analysis, when age, body-mass index, diabetes, couple status, and having a blood pressure reading were included, men whose spouses had hypertension had a two-fold increased risk of hypertension (adjusted odds ratio (OR) 2.24; 95\% CI 1.77-2.72; P = 0.001). Similarly, on multivariate analysis, women whose spouses had hypertension had a two-fold increased risk of hypertension (adjusted OR = 2.23; 95\% CI 1.75-2.72; P = 0.001). The risk for both male and female subjects persisted after adjustment for other variables. There was a significant correlation between systolic (r = 0.41; P {\textless} 0.0001) and diastolic (r = 0.25; P {\textless} 0.0001) blood pressures between spouse pairs.
CONCLUSION: The independent association between having a spouse with hypertension and increased risk of hypertension supports the view that there are significant environmental factors in the aetiology of hypertension. The finding has implications for the screening and treatment of hypertension in primary care.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {434},
	journal = {The British Journal of General Practice: The Journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners},
	author = {Hippisley-Cox, J. and Pringle, M.},
	month = sep,
	year = {1998},
	pmid = {9830183},
	pmcid = {PMC1313221},
	keywords = {Adult, Analysis of Variance, Case-Control Studies, England, Female, Humans, Hypertension, Male, Risk Assessment, Risk Factors, Rural Health, Spouses},
	pages = {1580--1583}
}

@article{van_staa_postmarketing_1998,
	title = {Postmarketing surveillance of the safety of cyclic etidronate},
	volume = {18},
	issn = {0277-0008},
	abstract = {To evaluate the safety of cyclic etidronate in routine clinical practice, we obtained information from 550 general practices in the United Kingdom that provide the medical records to the General Practice Research Database. A group of 7977 patients taking cyclic etidronate and two age-, gender-, and practice-matched control groups, one with osteoporosis and one without, were analyzed. For the group taking cyclic etidronate, the average age was 71.6 years and follow-up was 10,328 person-years. Conditions that do not induce osteoporosis generally occurred in these patients at a rate comparable to that in the control groups. The incidence of osteomalacia was low and comparable between patients taking cyclic etidronate and controls with osteoporosis. No medically significant increases in frequency were observed among patients taking cyclic etidronate for a broad group of diseases that may potentially be induced by exposure to the drug. These data support the favorable risk:benefit ratio of cyclic etidronate.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {5},
	journal = {Pharmacotherapy},
	author = {van Staa, T. P. and Leufkens, H. and Abenhaim, L. and Cooper, C.},
	month = oct,
	year = {1998},
	pmid = {9758324},
	keywords = {Aged, Cohort Studies, Etidronic Acid, Female, Great Britain, Humans, Male, Osteoporosis, Product Surveillance, Postmarketing, Quality Control, Retrospective Studies},
	pages = {1121--1128}
}

Website  abstract   bibtex   

@article{
 title = {Asthma on Tristan da Cunha: looking for the genetic link. The University of Toronto Genetics of Asthma Research Group},
 type = {article},
 year = {1996},
 identifiers = {[object Object]},
 keywords = {Adolescent,Adult,Age Distribution,Aged,Aged, 80 and over,Allergens/diagnostic use,Asthma/epidemiology/*genetics,Atlantic Ocean,Bronchoconstrictor Agents/diagnostic use,Child,Child, Preschool,Consanguinity,Female,Forced Expiratory Volume,Founder Effect,Humans,Linkage (Genetics),Male,Methacholine Chloride/diagnostic use,Middle Aged,Prevalence,Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't,Sex Distribution,Skin Tests},
 pages = {1902-1906},
 volume = {153},
 websites = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=8665053},
 id = {ba377ad3-36ac-3937-b8d3-44f6b08c99e3},
 created = {2017-06-19T13:44:45.103Z},
 file_attached = {false},
 profile_id = {de68dde1-2ff3-3a4e-a214-ef424d0c7646},
 group_id = {b2078731-0913-33b9-8902-a53629a24e83},
 last_modified = {2017-06-19T13:44:45.287Z},
 read = {false},
 starred = {false},
 authored = {false},
 confirmed = {true},
 hidden = {false},
 source_type = {Journal Article},
 notes = {<m:note>1073-449x<m:linebreak/>Journal Article</m:note>},
 abstract = {Although asthma has a significant heritable component, the mode of inheritance remains controversial because of the complexity of the disease and the influence of environmental factors. Isolated, inbred populations serve to reduce variability, thus increasing the probability of gene localization. We studied the inbred population of the remote island of Tristan da Cunha to document asthma prevalence for the purpose of genetic linkage analysis. Medical histories and skin atopy were determined on 282 islanders, representing 97% of the population, and airway responsiveness was measured in 254; 226 by methacholine challenge (tidal breathing method) and 28 by bronchodilator response (400 micrograms salbutamol aerosol). Blood samples were collected from 275 islanders. Participants ranged in age from 3 to 94 yr. Asthma was defined as increased airway responsiveness (AR+: PC20 < 4 mg/ml or > or = 15% increase in FEV1 postbronchodilator) combined with a positive history (Hx+). Fifty-seven percent of the islanders had at least partial evidence of asthma (Hx+ and/or AR+) and 23% had a definitive diagnosis of asthma (AR+ with Hx+). Overall 47% of the population were atopic, atopy was proportionally higher in asthmatics (74%) than nonasthmatics (32%; p < 0.01). Analysis of the methacholine dose-response curves demonstrated that asthmatics were significantly (p < 0.01) more responsive than those with AR+ only, and nonasthmatics (AR-, Hx-) were more responsive than laboratory control subjects (p < 0.05), suggesting that these islanders may also carry an airway hyperresponsiveness gene. A frequency plot of the percent fall in FEV1 for all Hx- subjects compared with control data suggests a bimodal distribution consistent with a major gene mechanism for airway responsiveness. Genealogy mapping revealed that the islanders are direct descendants of the 15 original settlers, and historical records suggest at least two founders may have been asthmatic. The data confirm previous reports of a high asthma prevalence on Tristan and support the postulate that this prevalence is a result of gene enrichment occurring in isolated populations by virtue of extensive inbreeding and a probable founder effect.},
 bibtype = {article},
 author = {Zamel, N and McClean, P A and Sandell, P R and Siminovitch, K A and Slutsky, A S},
 journal = {Am J Respir Crit Care Med},
 number = {6 Pt 1}
}

@article{boon_congenital_1995,
	title = {Congenital fibrosarcoma masquerading as congenital hemangioma: report of two cases},
	volume = {30},
	issn = {0022-3468},
	shorttitle = {Congenital fibrosarcoma masquerading as congenital hemangioma},
	abstract = {The authors report on two infants who had large congenital fibrosarcomas that initially were believed to be hemangiomas. Although hemangioma and congenital fibrosarcoma can have a similar presentation, their treatment is dissimilar. The authors review the anatomic findings, hematologic differences, and radiological clues that can help to differentiate congenital fibrosarcoma from congenital hemangioma.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {9},
	journal = {Journal of Pediatric Surgery},
	author = {Boon, L. M. and Fishman, S. J. and Lund, D. P. and Mulliken, J. B.},
	month = sep,
	year = {1995},
	pmid = {8523253},
	keywords = {Diagnosis, Differential, Female, Fibrosarcoma, Hemangioma, Humans, Infant, Newborn, Male, Neck, Shoulder, Skin Neoplasms},
	pages = {1378--1381}
}

@article{cobby_deep_1992,
	title = {The deep lateral femoral notch: an indirect sign of a torn anterior cruciate ligament},
	volume = {184},
	issn = {0033-8419},
	shorttitle = {The deep lateral femoral notch},
	abstract = {Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging has shown that tears of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) are frequently accompanied by meniscal and osseous injuries. Abnormalities of the cartilage overlying the lateral femoral condylopatellar sulcus (notch) also have been noted during arthrotomy of ACL-deficient knees. In this study, the appearance of this sulcus on MR images and the depth of the sulcus on conventional radiographs are compared in patients with normal and torn ACLs to determine whether a deep sulcus is a useful indirect sign of a torn ACL. In 62 patients with clinically and/or arthroscopically confirmed normal ACLs, the mean depth of the lateral femoral sulcus was 0.45 mm (range, 0.0-1.2 mm) compared with 0.89 mm (range, 0.0-5.0 mm) in 41 patients with clinically and/or arthroscopically confirmed ACL tears (significant at the 5\% level). No patient with a normal ACL had a sulcus greater than 1.2 mm in depth. A sulcus deeper than 1.5 mm is equivalent to 3 standard deviations above the mean and was a reliable indirect sign of a torn ACL.},
	number = {3},
	journal = {Radiology},
	author = {Cobby, M J and Schweitzer, M E and Resnick, D},
	month = sep,
	year = {1992},
	pmid = {1509079},
	keywords = {Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Anterior Cruciate Ligament, Female, Femur, Humans, Knee Joint, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Middle Aged, knee injuries},
	pages = {855--858}
}

@Article{Farb_1990_1874,
  author = {Farb, A. and Virmani, R. and Atkinson, J. B. and Kolodgie, F. D.},
 journal = {J.Am.Coll.Cardiol.},
 note = {DA - 19901227 NOT IN FILE},
 number = {6},
 pages = {1421-1429},
 title = {Plaque morphology and pathologic changes in arteries from patients dying after coronary balloon angioplasty},
 volume = {16},
 year = {1990},
 keywords = {Aged, Angioplasty, Transluminal, Percutaneous, Coronary, Arteries, Autopsy, Coronary, Arteriosclerosis, Coronary, Vessels, Humans, Male, Middle, Aged, mortality, pathology, Retrospective, Studies, Survival, Analysis, therapy},
 title_with_no_special_chars = {Plaque morphology and pathologic changes in arteries from patients dying after coronary balloon angioplasty}
}

Website  bibtex   

@article{
 title = {DNA binding study of isophorone in rats and mice},
 type = {article},
 year = {1990},
 identifiers = {[object Object]},
 keywords = {Animals,Cyclohexanones/*metabolism,DNA/*metabolism,Female,Male,Mice,Rats,Rats, Inbred F344},
 pages = {684-685},
 volume = {64},
 websites = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=2090039},
 edition = {1990/01/01},
 id = {be1a97a7-cc9c-3bef-a0c9-625b8898ee26},
 created = {2017-06-19T13:43:15.318Z},
 file_attached = {false},
 profile_id = {de68dde1-2ff3-3a4e-a214-ef424d0c7646},
 group_id = {b2078731-0913-33b9-8902-a53629a24e83},
 last_modified = {2017-06-19T13:43:15.427Z},
 read = {false},
 starred = {false},
 authored = {false},
 confirmed = {true},
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 source_type = {Journal Article},
 language = {eng},
 notes = {<m:note>Thier, R<m:linebreak/>Peter, H<m:linebreak/>Wiegand, H J<m:linebreak/>Bolt, H M<m:linebreak/>Letter<m:linebreak/>Germany<m:linebreak/>Archives of toxicology<m:linebreak/>Arch Toxicol. 1990;64(8):684-5.</m:note>},
 bibtype = {article},
 author = {Thier, R and Peter, H and Wiegand, H J and Bolt, H M},
 journal = {Arch Toxicol},
 number = {8}
}

@article{harvell_diagnostic_1989,
	title = {Diagnostic arthroscopy of the knee in children and adolescents},
	volume = {12},
	issn = {0147-7447},
	abstract = {There is a definite role for arthroscopy in the diagnosis and treatment of problem knees in children and adolescents. In this series, the largest reported to date, significant intraarticular pathology frequently existed in both preadolescent and adolescent groups. Three hundred ten knee arthroscopies in 285 children were reviewed. Preoperative clinical diagnoses were correlated with arthroscopic findings. In preadolescents (12 years old and younger), only 55\% of preoperative clinical diagnoses were confirmed at surgery. Thirty-five percent of this group were found to have additional pathology not anticipated preoperatively. In adolescents (13 to 18 years old), 70\% of clinical diagnoses were confirmed arthroscopically. Additional pathology was also found on arthroscopic examination in 25\% of this group.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {12},
	journal = {Orthopedics},
	author = {Harvell, Jr, J C and Fu, F H and Stanitski, C L},
	month = dec,
	year = {1989},
	pmid = {2594588},
	note = {00000 },
	keywords = {Adolescent, Arthroscopy, Cartilage Diseases, Child, Child, Preschool, Female, Humans, Infant, Joint Diseases, Knee Joint, Male, Retrospective Studies, knee injuries},
	pages = {1555--1560}
}

@article{maurer_intergroup_1988,
	title = {The {Intergroup} {Rhabdomyosarcoma} {Study}-{I}. {A} final report},
	volume = {61},
	issn = {0008-543X},
	abstract = {The results of treatment of 686, previously untreated patients younger than 21 years with rhabdomyosarcoma or undifferentiated sarcoma, who were entered on Intergroup Rhabdomyosarcoma Study-I (IRS-I) were analyzed after a minimum potential follow-up time of 7 years. Patients in Clinical Group I (localized disease, completely resected) were randomized to receive either vincristine, dactinomycin, and cyclophosphamide (VAC) or VAC + radiation. At 5 years, approximately 80\% of patients given either treatment were still disease-free and there was no significant difference between treatments in the overall percentages of patients surviving of 93\% and 81\%, respectively (P = 0.67). Patients in Clinical Group II (regional disease, grossly resected) were randomized to receive either vincristine and dactinomycin (VA) + radiation or VAC + radiation. At 5 years, 72\% and 65\% of the patients, respectively, were disease-free and there was no evidence of a difference between treatments (P = 0.46). The overall survival percentage at 5 years was approximately 72\% for both treatments. Patients in Clinical Groups III (gross residual disease after surgery) and IV (metastatic disease) were randomized to receive either "pulse" VAC + radiation or "pulse" VAC + Adriamycin (doxorubicin) + radiation. The complete remission (CR) rate was 69\% in Clinical Group III and 50\% in IV, with no statistically significant difference in CR rates between treatments in either group. Those who achieved a CR had a nearly 60\% chance of staying in remission for 5 years in Clinical Group III compared with approximately 30\% in Clinical Group IV. The overall survival percentage at 5 years was 52\% in Clinical Group III compared to 20\% in Clinical Group IV (P less than 0.0001). The 5-year survival percentage for the entire cohort of 686 patients was 55\%. Survival after relapse was poor, being 32\% at 1 year and 17\% at 2 years. The risk of distant metastasis was much greater than the risk of local recurrence within each clinical group, and there was no evidence of differing types of relapses between treatments. Primary tumors of the orbit and genitourinary tract carried the best prognosis, whereas tumors of the retroperitoneum had the worst prognosis. The authors conclude that for the therapeutic regimens evaluated there was no therapeutic advantage to including radiation in the treatment of Clinical Group I disease, or cyclophosphamide given as a daily low-dose oral regimen in the treatment of Clinical Group II disease or Adriamycin in the treatment of Clinical Groups III and IV diseases.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {2},
	journal = {Cancer},
	author = {Maurer, H. M. and Beltangady, M. and Gehan, E. A. and Crist, W. and Hammond, D. and Hays, D. M. and Heyn, R. and Lawrence, W. and Newton, W. and Ortega, J.},
	month = jan,
	year = {1988},
	pmid = {3275486},
	keywords = {Adolescent, Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols, Child, Child, Preschool, Clinical Trials as Topic, Combined Modality Therapy, Cyclophosphamide, Dactinomycin, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Infant, Male, Prognosis, Random Allocation, Rhabdomyosarcoma, Vincristine},
	pages = {209--220}
}

@article{
 title = {Frequency and intensity discrimination in humans and monkeys},
 type = {article},
 year = {1985},
 keywords = {Acoustic Stimulation,Adult,Animals,Auditory Perception/physiology,Cercopithecus aethiops/physiology,Female,Humans,Macaca/physiology,Male,Species Specificity,Speech Acoustics,Speech Perception/physiology,Vestibulocochlear Nerve/physiology},
 pages = {1977-1985},
 volume = {78},
 id = {163a1c5d-06e6-3686-9f07-6e1f76a6fc88},
 created = {2017-09-01T15:54:31.569Z},
 file_attached = {false},
 profile_id = {80da7853-f7b7-36a9-8e4c-d7ddb2d9e538},
 group_id = {a2333ea3-15a4-3d40-8d36-f0d9590ca926},
 last_modified = {2017-09-01T15:54:31.713Z},
 read = {false},
 starred = {false},
 authored = {false},
 confirmed = {false},
 hidden = {false},
 language = {eng},
 abstract = {Frequency and intensity DLs were compared in humans and monkeys using a repeating standard "yes-no" procedure in which subjects reported frequency increments, frequency decrements, intensity increments, or intensity decrements in an ongoing train of 1.0-kHz tone bursts. There was only one experimental condition (intensity increments) in which monkey DLs (1.5-2.0 dB) overlapped those of humans (1.0-1.8 dB). For discrimination of both increments and decrements in frequency, monkey DLs (16-33 Hz) were approximately seven times larger than those of humans (2.4-4.8 Hz), and for discrimination of intensity decrements, monkey DLs (4.4-7.0 dB) were very unstable and larger than those of humans (1.0-1.8 dB). For intensity increment discrimination, humans and monkeys also exhibited similar DLs as SL was varied. However, for frequency increment discrimination, best DLs for humans occurred at a high (50 dB) SL, whereas best DLs for monkeys occurred at a moderate (30 dB) SL. Results are discussed in terms of various neural mechanisms that might be differentially engaged by humans and monkeys in performing these tasks; for example, different amounts of temporal versus rate coding in frequency discrimination, and different mechanisms for monitoring rate decreases in intensity discrimination. The implications of these data for using monkeys as models of human speech sound discrimination are also discussed.},
 bibtype = {article},
 author = {Sinnott, J. and Petersen, M. and Hopp, S.},
 number = {6}
}

@article{ikeuchi_arthroscopic_1982,
	title = {Arthroscopic treatment of the discoid lateral meniscus. {Technique} and long-term results},
	issn = {0009-921X},
	abstract = {Forty-five patients (49 knees) who had torn complete or incomplete discoid lateral menisci were treated during the period from 1968 to 1980. Both instrumentation and specific techniques considerably evolved in the arthroscopic complete excision the torn discoid meniscus. The current technique involves the initial removal of the anterior portion of the meniscus, as this allows clearer visualization during the procedure, more space for manipulating surgical instruments, and a reduced operative time. Twenty-four knees (22 patients) were followed for a mean of four years three months. Of this group, 78\% were rated excellent or good and 21\% were rated fair. There were no poor results. The results in the group treated by total meniscectomy were better than those in the group treated with partial meniscectomy. Three patients were treated by peripheral meniscal repair under arthroscopic control, but the long-term results are not available.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {167},
	journal = {Clinical orthopaedics and related research},
	author = {Ikeuchi, H},
	month = jul,
	year = {1982},
	pmid = {6896480},
	keywords = {Adolescent, Adult, Arthroscopy, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Knee Joint, Male, Menisci, Tibial, Methods, Middle Aged, Postoperative Complications},
	pages = {19--28}
}

@article{franklin_sex_2009,
	title = {Sex differences in the association between body mass index and total hip or knee joint replacement resulting from osteoarthritis},
	volume = {68},
	issn = {1468-2060},
	doi = {10.1136/ard.2007.086868},
	abstract = {{OBJECTIVE}: To examine the association between body mass index ({BMI}) and osteoarthritis ({OA}) leading to total hip ({THR}) or knee ({TKR}) joint replacement.
{METHODS}: Case-control study design. All patients still living in Iceland who had had a {THR} or {TKR} resulting from {OA} before the end of 2002 were invited to participate. First-degree relatives of participating patients served as controls. A total of 1473 patients (872 women) and 1103 controls (599 women), all born between 1910 and 1939 and who had answered a questionnaire including questions about height and weight, were analysed. A randomly selected sample, representative of the Icelandic population, was used as a secondary control group.
{RESULTS}: The {OR}, adjusted for age, occupation and presence of hand {OA}, for having a {THR} was 1.1 (95\% {CI} 0.9 to 1.5) for overweight men and 1.7 (95\% {CI} 1.0 to 2.9) for obese men. The {OR} for having a {TKR} was 1.7 (95\% {CI} 1.1 to 2.6) for overweight men and 5.3 (95\% {CI} 2.8 to 10.1) for obese men. The {OR} for having a {THR} was 1.0 (95\% {CI} 0.8 to 1.3) for overweight women and 1.0 (95\% {CI} 0.6 to 1.5) for obese women. The {OR} for having a {TKR} was 1.6 (95\% {CI} 1.1 to 2.2) for overweight women and 4.0 (95\% {CI} 2.6 to 6.1) for obese women.
{CONCLUSION}: This study supports a positive association between high {BMI} and {TKR} in both sexes, but for {THR} the association with {BMI} seems to be weaker, and possibly negligible for women.},
	pages = {536--540},
	number = {4},
	journaltitle = {Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases},
	shortjournal = {Ann. Rheum. Dis.},
	author = {Franklin, J. and Ingvarsson, T. and Englund, M. and Lohmander, L. S.},
	date = {2009-04},
	pmid = {18504290},
	keywords = {Aged, 80 and over, Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip, Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee, Body Mass Index, Case-Control Studies, Family, Female, Humans, Iceland, Male, Obesity, Occupational Diseases, Odds Ratio, Osteoarthritis, Hip, Osteoarthritis, Knee, Overweight, Regression Analysis, Risk Assessment, Sex Factors}
}