@article{megouache_machine_2024,
	title = {Machine {Learning} for {Cloud} {Data} {Classification} and {Anomaly} {Intrusion} {Detection}},
	volume = {29},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	doi = {https://doi.org/10.18280/isi.290514},
	abstract = {The sheer volume of applications, data and users working in the cloud creates an ecosystem far too large to protect against possible attacks. Several attack detection mechanisms have been proposed to minimize the risk of data loss backed up to the cloud. However, these techniques are not reliable enough to protect them; this is due to the reasons of scalability, distribution and resource limitations. As a result, Information Technology Security experts may feel powerless against the growing threats plaguing the cloud. For that, we provide a reliable way to detect attackers who want to break into cloud data. In our framework, we have no labels and no predefined classes on historical data, and we wish to identify similar models to form homogeneous groups from our observations. Then, we will use a k-means clustering algorithm to handle unlabelled data, and a combination approach of clustering and classification. We start with a k-means clustering algorithm for generating a labelled dataset from an unlabelled dataset. By harnessing the power of a labelled dataset, we can train the extreme learning machine classifier to become an exceptional tool for intrusion detection. By utilizing this resampling technique, we can generate additional data sets to significantly enhance the system's capability to identify and thwart attacks. The innovation of this approach stems from its integration of clustering and classification into a unified learning model. The cutting-edge framework has been successfully implemented on the renowned KDD99 dataset, producing impressive numerical results that not only affirm its exceptional accuracy but also highlight the significant time-saving advantages of this innovative approach.},
	number = {5},
	journal = {Ingénierie des Systèmes d’Information},
	author = {Megouache, Leila and Zitouni, Abdelhafid and Sadouni, Salheddine and Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	month = oct,
	year = {2024},
	keywords = {artificial intelligence, extreme learning machine, cloud, intrusion detection system, security, k-means clustering},
	pages = {pp 1809--1819},
}

The sheer volume of applications, data and users working in the cloud creates an ecosystem far too large to protect against possible attacks. Several attack detection mechanisms have been proposed to minimize the risk of data loss backed up to the cloud. However, these techniques are not reliable enough to protect them; this is due to the reasons of scalability, distribution and resource limitations. As a result, Information Technology Security experts may feel powerless against the growing threats plaguing the cloud. For that, we provide a reliable way to detect attackers who want to break into cloud data. In our framework, we have no labels and no predefined classes on historical data, and we wish to identify similar models to form homogeneous groups from our observations. Then, we will use a k-means clustering algorithm to handle unlabelled data, and a combination approach of clustering and classification. We start with a k-means clustering algorithm for generating a labelled dataset from an unlabelled dataset. By harnessing the power of a labelled dataset, we can train the extreme learning machine classifier to become an exceptional tool for intrusion detection. By utilizing this resampling technique, we can generate additional data sets to significantly enhance the system's capability to identify and thwart attacks. The innovation of this approach stems from its integration of clustering and classification into a unified learning model. The cutting-edge framework has been successfully implemented on the renowned KDD99 dataset, producing impressive numerical results that not only affirm its exceptional accuracy but also highlight the significant time-saving advantages of this innovative approach.

@article{megouache_design_2024,
	title = {Design and {Evaluation} of {Geographic} {Information} {Systems} for {Environmental} {Protection} {Through} {Data}-{Driven} {Decision} {Making}: {A} {Case} {Study} of {Solid} {Waste} {Management} in {Ali} {Mendjeli}, {Algeria}},
	volume = {3},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	doi = {https://doi.org/10.56578/judm030203},
	number = {2},
	journal = {Journal of Urban Development and Management},
	author = {Megouache, Leila and Sadouni, Salheddine and Zitouni, Abdelhafid and Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {2024},
	pages = {109--119},
}

@inproceedings{djoudi_lintelligence_2024,
	address = {Poitiers, France},
	title = {L’intelligence artificielle au service de l’administration : {Devenez} des acteurs du changement !},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	language = {Français},
	booktitle = {Conférence invitée {ASSEDEP}'24 {IUT} {Poitiers}},
	author = {Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {2024},
}

@inproceedings{djoudi_challenges_2024,
	address = {Medea University, Algeria},
	title = {Challenges in {Automated} {Arabic} {Language} {Processing} in the {Era} of {Digitization} and {Artificial} {Intelligence}},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	abstract = {In the age of digitization and artificial intelligence, automated processing of the Arabic language faces increasing challenges due to rapid technological advancements and the growing volume of data, on one hand, and the complexities of the language and cultural diversity that characterize the Arab world, on the other hand. 
In this discussion, we address a series of challenges facing automated processing of the Arabic language in this context: creating specialized datasets, automatic recognition of Arabic speech, automatic translation into Arabic, chatting using chatbot technology, sentiment analysis and opinion mining in Arabic texts, and phonetic analysis of speech},
	language = {Arabic},
	booktitle = {International {Conference} on {Mathematical} {Systems} of {Al}-{Khalil} bin {Ahmed} {Al}-{Farahidi}’s {Thought} and the {Computing} of the {Arabic} {Language}},
	author = {Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	month = may,
	year = {2024},
}

In the age of digitization and artificial intelligence, automated processing of the Arabic language faces increasing challenges due to rapid technological advancements and the growing volume of data, on one hand, and the complexities of the language and cultural diversity that characterize the Arab world, on the other hand. In this discussion, we address a series of challenges facing automated processing of the Arabic language in this context: creating specialized datasets, automatic recognition of Arabic speech, automatic translation into Arabic, chatting using chatbot technology, sentiment analysis and opinion mining in Arabic texts, and phonetic analysis of speech

@inproceedings{charef_resources_2024,
	title = {Resources {Building} for {Arabic} {Harmful} {Online} {Content}: {Survey}},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	isbn = {978-94-6463-496-9},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.2991/978-94-6463-496-9_29},
	doi = {10.2991/978-94-6463-496-9_29},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the {International} {Conference} on {Emerging} {Intelligent} {Systems} for {Sustainable} {Development} ({ICEIS} 2024)},
	publisher = {Atlantis Press},
	author = {Charef, Fatiha and Zitouni, Abdelhafid and Djoudi, Mahieddine and Rahab, Hichem},
	year = {2024},
	note = {ISSN: 1951-6851},
	pages = {387--403},
}

@article{herrouz_autonomous_2023,
	title = {An {Autonomous} {Multi}-{Agent} {System} for {Customized} {Scientific} {Literature} {Recommendation}: {A} {Tool} for {Researchers} and {Students}.},
	volume = {28},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	url = {https://www.iieta.org/journals/isi/paper/10.18280/isi.280401},
	doi = {https://doi.org/10.18280/isi.280401},
	number = {4},
	journal = {Ingénierie des Systèmes d'Information},
	author = {Herrouz, Abdelhakim and Djoudi, Mahieddine and Degha, Houssem Eddine and Boukanoun, Bouchra},
	year = {2023},
	pages = {799--814},
}

@inproceedings{djoudi_fonctionnement_2023,
	title = {Fonctionnement et utilisation de {ChatGPT}},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	language = {Français},
	booktitle = {Webinars on {Advanced} {Science} \& {Technology} ({WAST}'2023)},
	author = {Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	month = may,
	year = {2023},
}

@inproceedings{mediani_content-based_2023,
	address = {University Setif1 Ferhat Abbas},
	title = {Content-{Based} {Recommender} {System} using {Word} {Embeddings} for {Pedagogical} {Resources}},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	doi = {10.1109/PAIS60821.2023.10321989},
	abstract = {Recommender Systems are important systems operating within a system to ensure how certain types of data are managed on the internet. These systems help users with overwhelming data and provide a better user navigation experience. This paper presents a content-based recommender system for online resources using deep learning. We have included some deep learning techniques to allow a good semantic understanding of educational resources. However, we have used a pre-trained word2vec model owned by Google for the following three reasons: (1) Google is reliable; (2) the content of the Google news dataset is close to the content of the shared articles dataset; and (3) training a word2vec model is time-consuming and domain-independent itself. We have also used techniques for dimensionality reduction like t-distributed Stochastic Neighbor Embedding and Principal Component Analysis to reduce the dimensions of users and items vectors. Our approach aims to ameliorate the recommendations’ accuracy and better satisfy the requirements of users. The results obtained when we tested our system are encouraging.},
	booktitle = {{IEEE} 5th {International} {Conference} on {Pattern} {Analysis} and {Intelligent} {Systems} ({PAIS}’23)},
	author = {Mediani, Chahrazed and Harous, Saad and Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	month = oct,
	year = {2023},
	pages = {1--8},
}

Recommender Systems are important systems operating within a system to ensure how certain types of data are managed on the internet. These systems help users with overwhelming data and provide a better user navigation experience. This paper presents a content-based recommender system for online resources using deep learning. We have included some deep learning techniques to allow a good semantic understanding of educational resources. However, we have used a pre-trained word2vec model owned by Google for the following three reasons: (1) Google is reliable; (2) the content of the Google news dataset is close to the content of the shared articles dataset; and (3) training a word2vec model is time-consuming and domain-independent itself. We have also used techniques for dimensionality reduction like t-distributed Stochastic Neighbor Embedding and Principal Component Analysis to reduce the dimensions of users and items vectors. Our approach aims to ameliorate the recommendations’ accuracy and better satisfy the requirements of users. The results obtained when we tested our system are encouraging.

@article{harbouche_measuring_2023,
	title = {Measuring similarity of educational items using data on learners’ performance and behavioral parameters: {Application} of new models {SCNN}-{Cosine} and {Fuzzy}-{Kappa}},
	volume = {28},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	url = {https://www.iieta.org/journals/isi/paper/10.18280/isi.280101},
	doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.18280/isi.280101},
	number = {1},
	journal = {Ingenierie des Systemes d'Information},
	author = {Harbouche, Khadidja and Khentout, Chabane and Djoudi, Mahieddine and Alti, Adel},
	year = {2023},
	note = {Publisher: International Information and Engineering Technology Association (IIETA)},
	pages = {1},
}

@article{arki_security_2023,
	title = {A {Security} {Method} for {Cloud} {Storage} {Using} {Data} {Classification}},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	url = {https://www.igi-global.com/article/a-security-method-for-cloud-storage-using-data-classification/329602},
	journal = {International Journal of Grid and High Performance Computing},
	author = {Arki, Oussama and Zitouni, Abdelhafid and Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {2023},
}

@article{douar_3dvles_2023,
	title = {{3DVL}@{ES}: {A} {3D} {Web}-{Based} {Virtual} {Laboratory} for {Collaborative} {Learning} in {Experimental} {Science} {Practical} {Work}},
	volume = {19},
	copyright = {Access limited to members},
	issn = {1548-3673},
	shorttitle = {{3DVL}@{ES}},
	url = {https://www.igi-global.com/gateway/article/www.igi-global.com/gateway/article/315786},
	doi = {10.4018/IJeC.315786},
	abstract = {This paper introduces a virtual laboratory that aims to support the quick development and easy assimilation of practical works by learners and exchange documents between them via a shared virtual space. The proposed laboratory, named 3DVL@ES (web-based 3D virtual laboratory in experimental science),...},
	language = {en},
	number = {1},
	urldate = {2023-01-10},
	journal = {International Journal of e-Collaboration (IJeC)},
	author = {Douar, Amel and Djoudi, Mahieddine and Harous, Saad and Alti, Adel},
	year = {2023},
	note = {Publisher: IGI Global},
	pages = {1--26},
}

This paper introduces a virtual laboratory that aims to support the quick development and easy assimilation of practical works by learners and exchange documents between them via a shared virtual space. The proposed laboratory, named 3DVL@ES (web-based 3D virtual laboratory in experimental science),...

@incollection{herrouz_formation_2022,
	address = {Boumerdes, Algérie},
	title = {Formation en ligne à la maitrise de l’information en contexte de bilinguisme arabe-français},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	isbn = {978-9931-876-18-2},
	abstract = {Aujourd’hui, face à l’accroissement constant de la masse de données à traiter, maîtriser l'information est devenue un enjeu stratégique en formation. Ce chapitre traite de la formation à la maitrise de l’information. Il présente d’abord l’état de l’art dans le domaine pour présenter ensuite une nouvelle approche permettant d’assister des étudiants universitaires bilingues (arabophones et francophones) à développer des compétences à l’usage de l’information en ligne. Cette approche est conçue pour des situations pédagogiques où de nombreux étudiants mènent des projets de recherche bibliographique pour lesquels ils doivent rechercher, traiter et échanger des informations. Afin de mettre en évidence cette solution, une plate-forme Web avec une interface bilingue a été développée. Enfin, une expérimentation d’usage a été menée et les premiers résultats obtenus sont encourageants et montrent un réel intérêt des étudiants pour la démarche proposée et sa facilité d'utilisation dans la cadre d’un enseignement universitaire en Algérie.},
	language = {Français},
	booktitle = {Télé-enseignement et apprentissage du français à l’université algérienne et ailleurs dans le monde},
	publisher = {Franz Fanons},
	author = {Herrouz, Abdelhakim and Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	editor = {Benabbes, Souad and Dezutter, Olivier},
	month = aug,
	year = {2022},
	pages = {59--81},
}

Aujourd’hui, face à l’accroissement constant de la masse de données à traiter, maîtriser l'information est devenue un enjeu stratégique en formation. Ce chapitre traite de la formation à la maitrise de l’information. Il présente d’abord l’état de l’art dans le domaine pour présenter ensuite une nouvelle approche permettant d’assister des étudiants universitaires bilingues (arabophones et francophones) à développer des compétences à l’usage de l’information en ligne. Cette approche est conçue pour des situations pédagogiques où de nombreux étudiants mènent des projets de recherche bibliographique pour lesquels ils doivent rechercher, traiter et échanger des informations. Afin de mettre en évidence cette solution, une plate-forme Web avec une interface bilingue a été développée. Enfin, une expérimentation d’usage a été menée et les premiers résultats obtenus sont encourageants et montrent un réel intérêt des étudiants pour la démarche proposée et sa facilité d'utilisation dans la cadre d’un enseignement universitaire en Algérie.

@article{khentout_learner_2021,
	title = {Learner to learner fuzzy profiles similarity using a hybrid interaction analysis grid},
	volume = {26},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	issn = {1633-1311},
	url = {https://www.iieta.org/journals/isi/paper/10.18280/isi.260405},
	doi = {https://doi.org/10.18280/isi.260405},
	abstract = {The analysis of remote discussions is not yet at the same level as the face-to-face ones. The present paper aspires two-fold. On the one hand, it attempts to establish a suitable environment of interaction and collaboration among learners by using the speech acts via a semi structured synchronous communication tool. On the other, it aims to define behavioral profiles and interpersonal skills hybrid grid by matching the BALES’ IPA and PLETY’s analysis system. By applying the fuzzy logic, we formalize human reasoning and, thus, giving very appreciable flexibility to the reasoning that use it, which makes it possible to take into account imprecisions and uncertainties. In addition, the educational data mining techniques are used to optimize the mapping of behaviors to learner’s profile, with similarity-based clustering, using Eros and PCA measures. In order to show the validity of our system, we performed an experiment on real-world data. The results show, among others: (1) the usefulness of fuzzy logic to properly translate the profile text descriptions into a mathematical format, (2) an irregularity in the behavior of the learners, (3) the correlation between the profiles, (4) the superiority of Eros method to the PCA factor in precision.},
	number = {4},
	journal = {Ingénierie des Systèmes d’Information},
	author = {Khentout, Chabane and Harbouche, Khadidja and Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	month = aug,
	year = {2021},
	keywords = {BALES’ IPA, PLETY grid, clustering, fuzzy logic, hybrid grid, multi variate time series, principal component analysis, similarity measure},
	pages = {375--386},
}

The analysis of remote discussions is not yet at the same level as the face-to-face ones. The present paper aspires two-fold. On the one hand, it attempts to establish a suitable environment of interaction and collaboration among learners by using the speech acts via a semi structured synchronous communication tool. On the other, it aims to define behavioral profiles and interpersonal skills hybrid grid by matching the BALES’ IPA and PLETY’s analysis system. By applying the fuzzy logic, we formalize human reasoning and, thus, giving very appreciable flexibility to the reasoning that use it, which makes it possible to take into account imprecisions and uncertainties. In addition, the educational data mining techniques are used to optimize the mapping of behaviors to learner’s profile, with similarity-based clustering, using Eros and PCA measures. In order to show the validity of our system, we performed an experiment on real-world data. The results show, among others: (1) the usefulness of fuzzy logic to properly translate the profile text descriptions into a mathematical format, (2) an irregularity in the behavior of the learners, (3) the correlation between the profiles, (4) the superiority of Eros method to the PCA factor in precision.

@article{kacha_kab_2021,
	title = {{KAB}: {A} new k-anonymity approach based on black hole algorithm},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	issn = {1319-1578},
	url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1319157821001002},
	doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jksuci.2021.04.014},
	abstract = {K-anonymity is the most widely used approach to privacy preserving microdata which is mainly based on generalization. Although generalization-based k-anonymity approaches can achieve the privacy protection objective, they suffer from information loss. Clustering-based approaches have been successfully adapted for k-anonymization as they enhance the data quality, however, the computational complexity of finding an optimal solution has shown as NP-hard. Nature-inspired optimization algorithms are effective in finding solutions to complex problems. We propose, in this paper, a novel algorithm based on a simple nature-inspired metaheuristic called Black Hole Algorithm (BHA), to address such limitations. Experiments on real data set show that data utility has been improved by our approach compared to k-anonymity, BHA-based k-anonymity and clustering-based k-anonymity approaches.},
	journal = {Journal of King Saud University - Computer and Information Sciences},
	author = {Kacha, Lynda and Zitouni, Abdelhafid and Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {2021},
	keywords = {Anonymization, Black hole algorithm, Clustering, K-anonymity, Privacy},
}

K-anonymity is the most widely used approach to privacy preserving microdata which is mainly based on generalization. Although generalization-based k-anonymity approaches can achieve the privacy protection objective, they suffer from information loss. Clustering-based approaches have been successfully adapted for k-anonymization as they enhance the data quality, however, the computational complexity of finding an optimal solution has shown as NP-hard. Nature-inspired optimization algorithms are effective in finding solutions to complex problems. We propose, in this paper, a novel algorithm based on a simple nature-inspired metaheuristic called Black Hole Algorithm (BHA), to address such limitations. Experiments on real data set show that data utility has been improved by our approach compared to k-anonymity, BHA-based k-anonymity and clustering-based k-anonymity approaches.

@incollection{rahab_sentiment_2021,
	address = {Hershey, PA, USA},
	title = {Sentiment {Analysis} of {Arabic} {Documents}},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	isbn = {978-1-79984-240-8},
	url = {http://services.igi-global.com/resolvedoi/resolve.aspx?doi=10.4018/978-1-7998-4240-8.ch013},
	abstract = {Today, it is usual that a consumer seeks for others' feelings about their purchasing experience on the web before a simple decision of buying a product or a service. Sentiment analysis intends to help people in taking profit from the available opinionated texts on the web for their decision making, and business is one of its challenging areas. Considerable work of sentiment analysis has been achieved in English and other Indo-European languages. Despite the important number of Arabic speakers and internet users, studies in Arabic sentiment analysis are still insufficient. The current chapter vocation is to give the main challenges of Arabic sentiment together with their recent proposed solutions in the literature. The chapter flowchart is presented in a novel manner that obtains the main challenges from presented literature works. Then it gives the proposed solutions for each challenge. The chapter reaches the finding that the future tendency will be toward rule-based techniques and deep learning, allowing for more dealings with Arabic language inherent characteristics.},
	booktitle = {Natural \{{Language}\} \{{Processing}\} for \{{Global}\} and \{{Local}\} \{{Business}\}},
	publisher = {IGI Global},
	author = {Rahab, Hichem and Djoudi, Mahieddine and Zitouni, Abdelhafid},
	editor = {{Fatih Pinarbasi} and {M. Nurdan Taskiran}},
	year = {2021},
	doi = {10.4018/978-1-7998-4240-8.ch013},
	pages = {307--331},
}

Today, it is usual that a consumer seeks for others' feelings about their purchasing experience on the web before a simple decision of buying a product or a service. Sentiment analysis intends to help people in taking profit from the available opinionated texts on the web for their decision making, and business is one of its challenging areas. Considerable work of sentiment analysis has been achieved in English and other Indo-European languages. Despite the important number of Arabic speakers and internet users, studies in Arabic sentiment analysis are still insufficient. The current chapter vocation is to give the main challenges of Arabic sentiment together with their recent proposed solutions in the literature. The chapter flowchart is presented in a novel manner that obtains the main challenges from presented literature works. Then it gives the proposed solutions for each challenge. The chapter reaches the finding that the future tendency will be toward rule-based techniques and deep learning, allowing for more dealings with Arabic language inherent characteristics.

@article{megouache_ensuring_2020,
	title = {Ensuring user authentication and data integrity in multi-cloud environment},
	volume = {10},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	issn = {2192-1962},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1186/s13673-020-00224-y},
	doi = {10.1186/s13673-020-00224-y},
	abstract = {The necessity to improve security in a multi-cloud environment has become very urgent in recent years. Although in this topic, many methods using the message authentication code had been realized but, the results of these methods are unsatisfactory and heavy to apply, which, is why the security problem remains unresolved in this environment. This article proposes a new model that provides authentication and data integrity in a distributed and interoperable environment. For that in this paper, the authors first analyze some security models used in a large and distributed environment, and then, we introduce a new model to solve security issues in this environment. Our approach consists of three steps, the first step, was to propose a private virtual network to secure the data in transit. Secondly, we used an authentication method based on data encryption, to protect the identity of the user and his data, and finally, we realize an algorithm to know the integrity of data distributed on the various clouds of the system. The model achieves both identity authentication and the ability to inter-operate between processes running on different cloud’s provider. A data integrity algorithm will be demonstrated. The results of this proposed model can efficiently and safely construct a reliable and stable system in the cross-cloud environment.},
	number = {1},
	journal = {Human-centric Computing and Information Sciences},
	author = {Megouache, Leila and Zitouni, Abdelhafid and Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {2020},
	pages = {15},
}

The necessity to improve security in a multi-cloud environment has become very urgent in recent years. Although in this topic, many methods using the message authentication code had been realized but, the results of these methods are unsatisfactory and heavy to apply, which, is why the security problem remains unresolved in this environment. This article proposes a new model that provides authentication and data integrity in a distributed and interoperable environment. For that in this paper, the authors first analyze some security models used in a large and distributed environment, and then, we introduce a new model to solve security issues in this environment. Our approach consists of three steps, the first step, was to propose a private virtual network to secure the data in transit. Secondly, we used an authentication method based on data encryption, to protect the identity of the user and his data, and finally, we realize an algorithm to know the integrity of data distributed on the various clouds of the system. The model achieves both identity authentication and the ability to inter-operate between processes running on different cloud’s provider. A data integrity algorithm will be demonstrated. The results of this proposed model can efficiently and safely construct a reliable and stable system in the cross-cloud environment.

@misc{djoudi_numerique_2020,
	type = {Webinaire},
	title = {Le {Numérique} Éducatif à l’épreuve du {COVID} 19},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	language = {Français},
	author = {Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {2020},
}

@article{rahab_enhanced_2020,
	title = {An {Enhanced} {Corpus} for {Arabic} {Newspapers} {Comments}},
	volume = {17},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	url = {http://iajit.org/index.php http://djoudi.online.fr/publications/files/},
	number = {5},
	journal = {International Arab Journal of Information Technology (IAJIT) ISSN: 1683-3198},
	author = {Rahab, Hichem and Zitouni, Abdelhafid and Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {2020},
	keywords = {Sentiment Analysis},
}

@article{rahab_sana_2019,
	title = {{SANA}: {Sentiment} {Analysis} on {Newspapers} comments in {Algeria}},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	url = {http://djoudi.online.fr/publications/files/2019_04_26_JKSU_Rahab_SANA.pdf},
	doi = {10.1016/j.jksuci.2019.04.012},
	abstract = {It is very current in today life to seek for tracking the people opinion from their interaction with occurring events. A very common way to do that is comments in articles published in newspapers web sites dealing with contemporary events. Sentiment analysis or opinion mining is an emergent field who’s the purpose is finding the behind phenomenon masked in opinionated texts. We are interested in our work by comments in Algerian newspaper websites. For this end, two corpora were used; SANA and OCA. SANA corpus is created by collection of comments from three Algerian newspapers, and annotated by two Algerian Arabic native speakers, while OCA is a freely available corpus for sentiment analysis. For the classification we adopt Supports vector machines, naïve Bayes and k-nearest neighbors. Obtained results are very promising and show the different effects of stemming in such domain, also k-nearest neighbors gives important improvement comparing to other classifiers unlike similar works where SVM is the most dominant. From this study we observe the importance of dedicated resources and methods the newspaper comments sentiment analysis which we look forward in future works.},
	journal = {Journal of King Saud University - Computer and Information Sciences},
	author = {Rahab, Hichem and Zitouni, Abdelhafid and Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {2019},
	keywords = {Sentiment Analysis},
}

It is very current in today life to seek for tracking the people opinion from their interaction with occurring events. A very common way to do that is comments in articles published in newspapers web sites dealing with contemporary events. Sentiment analysis or opinion mining is an emergent field who’s the purpose is finding the behind phenomenon masked in opinionated texts. We are interested in our work by comments in Algerian newspaper websites. For this end, two corpora were used; SANA and OCA. SANA corpus is created by collection of comments from three Algerian newspapers, and annotated by two Algerian Arabic native speakers, while OCA is a freely available corpus for sentiment analysis. For the classification we adopt Supports vector machines, naïve Bayes and k-nearest neighbors. Obtained results are very promising and show the different effects of stemming in such domain, also k-nearest neighbors gives important improvement comparing to other classifiers unlike similar works where SVM is the most dominant. From this study we observe the importance of dedicated resources and methods the newspaper comments sentiment analysis which we look forward in future works.

@article{kemchi_amace_2018,
	title = {{AMACE}: agent based multi-criterions adaptation in cloud environment},
	volume = {8},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1186/s13673-018-0149-2},
	doi = {10.1186/s13673-018-0149-2},
	abstract = {Efficient resource management in dynamic cloud computing is receiving more and more attentions. Many works are still ongoing, since federated cloud computing is an open environment. We present in this paper a flexible model, new cloud operators can join the federation or leave it. The model integrates interactions between broker agents organization, permitting a multi-criterion migration of a submitted customer request. To implement the presented flexible model, we propose AMACE (agent based multi-criterions adaptation in cloud environment) a run-time self-adaptive approach, oriented agent in dynamic cloud federation environment. The proposed approach is multi-criterion, where a various and no limited number of parameters can be considered during the self-adaptation strategy (i.e. computing the load balance of the mediator agent and geographical distance ``network delay'' between the customer and provider…). In addition, AMACE cares about maintaining run-time coherence in optimization evolution in order to guarantee a coherent system at all moment during system execution.},
	number = {1},
	journal = {Human-centric Computing and Information Sciences},
	author = {Kemchi, Sofiane and Zitouni, Abdelhafid and Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {2018},
	keywords = {Cloud Computing},
	pages = {26--26},
}

Efficient resource management in dynamic cloud computing is receiving more and more attentions. Many works are still ongoing, since federated cloud computing is an open environment. We present in this paper a flexible model, new cloud operators can join the federation or leave it. The model integrates interactions between broker agents organization, permitting a multi-criterion migration of a submitted customer request. To implement the presented flexible model, we propose AMACE (agent based multi-criterions adaptation in cloud environment) a run-time self-adaptive approach, oriented agent in dynamic cloud federation environment. The proposed approach is multi-criterion, where a various and no limited number of parameters can be considered during the self-adaptation strategy (i.e. computing the load balance of the mediator agent and geographical distance ``network delay'' between the customer and provider…). In addition, AMACE cares about maintaining run-time coherence in optimization evolution in order to guarantee a coherent system at all moment during system execution.

@incollection{djoudi_algeria_2018,
	edition = {1},
	title = {Algeria},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	isbn = {978-3-319-68998-2},
	url = {https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007%2F978-3-319-68999-9_1},
	abstract = {In the last decade, due to factors of ICT infrastructural and broadband maturation, rising levels of educational attainment and computer literacy, and diversification strategies, e-learning has exploded in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. However, significant barriers remain in the region's e-learning development: lack of research on outcomes and effectiveness, paucity of Arabic language learning objects, monopolies and high cost of telecommunications, cultural taboos, accreditation, censorship, and teacher training. This unique volume is the first comprehensive effort to describe the history, development, and current state of e-learning in each of the 20 MENA countries from Algeria to Yemen. Each entry is expertly written by a specialist who is acutely familiar with the state of e-learning in their respective country, and concludes with a bibliography of key reports, peer-reviewed books and articles, and web resources. E-Learning in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) proves itself as a vital compendium for a wide readership that includes academics and students, transnational program directors, international education experts, MENA government departments, commercial vendors and investors, and ICT development and regulatory agencies involved in e-learning in the Middle East.},
	booktitle = {E-{Learning} in the {Middle} {East} and {North} {Africa} ({MENA}) {Region}},
	publisher = {Springer International Publishing},
	author = {Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	editor = {Weber, Alan S and Hamlaoui, Siham},
	year = {2018},
	doi = {10.1007/978-3-319-68999-9_1},
	keywords = {Elearning},
	pages = {1--25},
}

In the last decade, due to factors of ICT infrastructural and broadband maturation, rising levels of educational attainment and computer literacy, and diversification strategies, e-learning has exploded in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. However, significant barriers remain in the region's e-learning development: lack of research on outcomes and effectiveness, paucity of Arabic language learning objects, monopolies and high cost of telecommunications, cultural taboos, accreditation, censorship, and teacher training. This unique volume is the first comprehensive effort to describe the history, development, and current state of e-learning in each of the 20 MENA countries from Algeria to Yemen. Each entry is expertly written by a specialist who is acutely familiar with the state of e-learning in their respective country, and concludes with a bibliography of key reports, peer-reviewed books and articles, and web resources. E-Learning in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) proves itself as a vital compendium for a wide readership that includes academics and students, transnational program directors, international education experts, MENA government departments, commercial vendors and investors, and ICT development and regulatory agencies involved in e-learning in the Middle East.

@inproceedings{megouache_new_2017,
	title = {A {New} {Framework} of {Authentication} {Over} {Cloud} {Computing}},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	url = {https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-319-67618-0_24},
	doi = {10.1007/978-3-319-67618-0_24},
	abstract = {The growth of local data annually implies extra charges for the customers, which makes their business slowing down. Cloud computing paradigm comes with new technologies that offer a very economic and cost-effective solution, but the organizations are slow in accepting it due to security issues and challenges associated with it. Security is one of the major issues which hamper the growth of cloud and it is highly crucial to protect the sensitive data and systems in the cloud setting in order to ensure the privacy of its users. This work explores the new directions in cloud computing security, while highlighting the correct selection of these fundamental technologies from cryptographic point of view.},
	booktitle = {Silhavy {R}., {Silhavy} {P}., {Prokopova} {Z}. (eds) {Cybernetics} {Approaches} in {Intelligent} {Systems}. {CoMeSySo} 2017. {Advances} in {Intelligent} {Systems} and {Computing}, vol 661. {Springer}, {Cham}},
	publisher = {Springer, Cham},
	author = {Megouache, Leila and Zitouni, Abdelhafid and Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {2017},
	keywords = {Cloud Computing},
	pages = {pp 262--270},
}

The growth of local data annually implies extra charges for the customers, which makes their business slowing down. Cloud computing paradigm comes with new technologies that offer a very economic and cost-effective solution, but the organizations are slow in accepting it due to security issues and challenges associated with it. Security is one of the major issues which hamper the growth of cloud and it is highly crucial to protect the sensitive data and systems in the cloud setting in order to ensure the privacy of its users. This work explores the new directions in cloud computing security, while highlighting the correct selection of these fundamental technologies from cryptographic point of view.

@inproceedings{beldjezzar_new_2017,
	address = {Cham},
	title = {New {Framework} {Model} to {Secure} {Cloud} {Data} {Storage}},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	isbn = {978-3-319-57141-6},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-57141-6_5},
	doi = {10.1007/978-3-319-57141-6_5},
	abstract = {Nowadays companies are increasingly adopting the technology of cloud computing. This technology is subject to a lot of research and continuous advances are made. The use of cloud computing in the companies advantages such as: reducing costs, sharing and exchange of information between institutions, but the data in the Cloud computing are susceptible to be compromised and the companies are exposing to see their data loss. In this study, we address the subject of security in cloud computing; we expose and discuss some researches that had been proposed to secure the data stored in the cloud. And then we will present our new frameworks that ensure confidentiality of data storage in the cloud environment.},
	booktitle = {Software {Engineering} {Trends} and {Techniques} in {Intelligent} {Systems}: {Proceedings} of the 6th {Computer} {Science} {On}-line {Conference} 2017 ({CSOC2017}), {Vol} 3},
	publisher = {Springer International Publishing},
	author = {Beldjezzar, Leila and Zitouni, Abdelhafid and Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	editor = {Silhavy, Radek and Silhavy, Petr and Prokopova, Zdenka and Senkerik, Roman and Kominkova Oplatkova, Zuzana},
	year = {2017},
	keywords = {Cloud Computing},
	pages = {44--52},
}

Nowadays companies are increasingly adopting the technology of cloud computing. This technology is subject to a lot of research and continuous advances are made. The use of cloud computing in the companies advantages such as: reducing costs, sharing and exchange of information between institutions, but the data in the Cloud computing are susceptible to be compromised and the companies are exposing to see their data loss. In this study, we address the subject of security in cloud computing; we expose and discuss some researches that had been proposed to secure the data stored in the cloud. And then we will present our new frameworks that ensure confidentiality of data storage in the cloud environment.

@inproceedings{rahab_araacom_2017,
	title = {{ARAACOM}: {Arabic} {Algerian} corpus for opinion mining},
	volume = {Part F1306},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	isbn = {978-1-4503-5309-0},
	url = {http://djoudi.online.fr/publications/files/2017_07_22_ICCES'17_Turkey_Rahab_ARAACOM.pdf},
	doi = {10.1145/3129186.3129193},
	abstract = {© 2017 Association for Computing Machinery. Nowadays, it is no more needed to do an enormous effort to distribute a lot of forms to thousands of people and collect them, then convert this from into electronic format to track people opinion about some subjects. A lot of web sites can today reach a large spectrum with less effort. The majority of web sites suggest to their visitors to leave backups about their feeling of the site or events. So, this makes for us a lot of data which need powerful mean to exploit. Opinion mining in the web becomes more and more an attracting task, due the increasing need for individuals and societies to track the mood of people against several subjects of daily life (sports, politics, television,...). A lot of works in opinion mining was developed in western languages especially English, such works in Arabic language still very scarce. In this paper, we propose our approach, for opinion mining in Arabic Algerian news paper.},
	booktitle = {{ACM} {International} {Conference} {Proceeding} {Series}},
	author = {Rahab, Hichem and Zitouni, Abdelhafid and Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {2017},
	keywords = {Sentiment Analysis},
	pages = {1--5},
}

© 2017 Association for Computing Machinery. Nowadays, it is no more needed to do an enormous effort to distribute a lot of forms to thousands of people and collect them, then convert this from into electronic format to track people opinion about some subjects. A lot of web sites can today reach a large spectrum with less effort. The majority of web sites suggest to their visitors to leave backups about their feeling of the site or events. So, this makes for us a lot of data which need powerful mean to exploit. Opinion mining in the web becomes more and more an attracting task, due the increasing need for individuals and societies to track the mood of people against several subjects of daily life (sports, politics, television,...). A lot of works in opinion mining was developed in western languages especially English, such works in Arabic language still very scarce. In this paper, we propose our approach, for opinion mining in Arabic Algerian news paper.

@inproceedings{rahab_siaac_2017,
	title = {{SIAAC}: {Sentiment} {Polarity} {Identification} on {Arabic} {Algerian} {Newspaper} {Comments}},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	url = {http://djoudi.online.fr/publications/files/2017_09_12_CoMeSySo_Rahab_SIAAC.pdf},
	doi = {10.1007/978-3-319-67621-0_12},
	abstract = {It is a challenging task to identify sentiment polarity in Arabic journals comments. Algerian daily newspapers interest more and more people in Algeria, and due to this fact they interact with it by comments they post on articles in their websites. In this paper we propose our approach to classify Arabic comments from Algerian Newspapers into positive and negative classes. Publicly-available Arabic datasets are very rare on the Web, which make it very hard to carring out studies in Arabic sentiment analysis. To reduce this gap we have created SIAAC (Sentiment polarity Identification on Arabic Algerian newspaper Comments) a corpus dedicated for this work. Comments are collected from website of well-known Algerian newspaper Echorouk. For experiments two well known supervised learning classifiers Support Vector Machines (SVM) and Naïve Bayes (NB) were used, with a set of different parameters for each one. Recall, Precision and F\_measure are computed for each classifier. Best results are obtained in term of precision in both SVM and NB, also the use of bigram increase the results in the two models. Compared with OCA, a well know corpus for Arabic, SIAAC give a competitive results. Obtained results encourage us to continue with others Algerian newspaper to generalize our model.},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the {Computational} {Methods} in {Systems} and {Software} {Applied} {Computational} ({CoMeSySo} 2017) {Intelligence} and {Mathematical} {Methods}, {ISBN}: 978-1-4503-5309-0. {Springer} {Cham}},
	publisher = {Springer Cham},
	author = {Rahab, Hichem and Zitouni, Abdelhafid and Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {2017},
	keywords = {Sentiment Analysis},
	pages = {pp 139--149},
}

It is a challenging task to identify sentiment polarity in Arabic journals comments. Algerian daily newspapers interest more and more people in Algeria, and due to this fact they interact with it by comments they post on articles in their websites. In this paper we propose our approach to classify Arabic comments from Algerian Newspapers into positive and negative classes. Publicly-available Arabic datasets are very rare on the Web, which make it very hard to carring out studies in Arabic sentiment analysis. To reduce this gap we have created SIAAC (Sentiment polarity Identification on Arabic Algerian newspaper Comments) a corpus dedicated for this work. Comments are collected from website of well-known Algerian newspaper Echorouk. For experiments two well known supervised learning classifiers Support Vector Machines (SVM) and Naïve Bayes (NB) were used, with a set of different parameters for each one. Recall, Precision and F_measure are computed for each classifier. Best results are obtained in term of precision in both SVM and NB, also the use of bigram increase the results in the two models. Compared with OCA, a well know corpus for Arabic, SIAAC give a competitive results. Obtained results encourage us to continue with others Algerian newspaper to generalize our model.

@inproceedings{herrouz_iwfs_2016,
	title = {{IWFS} - {An} {Intelligent} {Web} {Filtering} {System}},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	url = {http://djoudi.online.fr/publications/files/2016_08_20_TII_Indonesia_Herrouz_IWFS.pdf},
	abstract = {The excessive information on the Web creates the information overflow problem. This work suggests the use of intelligent agents for the personalized filtering of Web pages. Several agents are designed and implemented, including a Web page reader agent and an intelligent agent that assists a user by filtering information. The user can specify a profile of keywords and provide explicit ratings for each article. Two alternate methods are provided for filtering the articles, including keyword match and clustering. This paper presents the system description and the promising results of tests performed in a real environment. The proposed system has proven to be a useful tool in reducing the amount of information the user has to deal with.},
	booktitle = {International {Conference} on {Internet} {Economics} and {Psycho}-{Informatics} ({Internet}-{Informatics} 2016), {Bandung}, {Indonesia}},
	author = {Herrouz, Abdelhakim and Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {2016},
	keywords = {Information Literacy},
}

The excessive information on the Web creates the information overflow problem. This work suggests the use of intelligent agents for the personalized filtering of Web pages. Several agents are designed and implemented, including a Web page reader agent and an intelligent agent that assists a user by filtering information. The user can specify a profile of keywords and provide explicit ratings for each article. Two alternate methods are provided for filtering the articles, including keyword match and clustering. This paper presents the system description and the promising results of tests performed in a real environment. The proposed system has proven to be a useful tool in reducing the amount of information the user has to deal with.

@inproceedings{djoudi_contours_2016,
	title = {Contours juridiques et technologiques de l'administration électronique en {Algérie}},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	url = {http://djoudi.online.fr/publications/files/2016_05_17_CIMAESP_Khenchela_Djoudi_eAdmin.pdf},
	booktitle = {Colloque {International} {Modernisation} et {Administration} {Electronique} au {Service} du {Public} ({CIMAESP} 2016), {Khenchela}, {Algérie}},
	author = {Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {2016},
	keywords = {Information \& Communication Technologies},
}

@inproceedings{kemchi_self_2016,
	address = {Marrakech, MOROCCO},
	title = {Self {Organization} {Agent} {Oriented} {Dynamic} {Resource} {Allocation} on {Open} {Federated} {Clouds} {Environment}},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	url = {http://djoudi.online.fr/publications/files/2016_05_24_CloudTech16_Marrakesh_Kemchi.pdf},
	abstract = {To ensure uninterrupted services to the cloud clients from federated cloud providers, it is important to guarantee an efficient allocation of the cloud resources to users to improve the rate of client satisfaction and the quality of the service provisions. It is better to get as more computing and storage resources as possible. In cloud domain several Multi Agent Resource Allocation methods have been proposed to implement the problem of dynamic resource allocation. However the problem is still open and many works to do in this field. In cloud computing robustness is important so in this paper we focus on auto-adaptive method to deal with changes of open federated cloud computing environment. Our approach is hybrid, we first adopt an existing organizations optimization approach for self organization in broker agent organization to combine it with already existing Multi Agent Resource Allocation approach on Federated Clouds. We consider an open clouds federation environment which is dynamic and in constant evolution, new cloud operators can join the federation or leave this one. At the same time our approach is multi criterion which can take in account various parameters (i.e. computing load balance of mediator agent, geographical distance (network delay) between costumer and provider...).},
	booktitle = {International {Conference} on {Cloud} {Computing} {Technologies} and {Applications}, {CLOUDTECH} 20'16, {Marrakech}, {MOROCCO}},
	author = {Kemchi, Sofiane and Zitouni, Abdelhafid and Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {2016},
	keywords = {Cloud Computing},
}

To ensure uninterrupted services to the cloud clients from federated cloud providers, it is important to guarantee an efficient allocation of the cloud resources to users to improve the rate of client satisfaction and the quality of the service provisions. It is better to get as more computing and storage resources as possible. In cloud domain several Multi Agent Resource Allocation methods have been proposed to implement the problem of dynamic resource allocation. However the problem is still open and many works to do in this field. In cloud computing robustness is important so in this paper we focus on auto-adaptive method to deal with changes of open federated cloud computing environment. Our approach is hybrid, we first adopt an existing organizations optimization approach for self organization in broker agent organization to combine it with already existing Multi Agent Resource Allocation approach on Federated Clouds. We consider an open clouds federation environment which is dynamic and in constant evolution, new cloud operators can join the federation or leave this one. At the same time our approach is multi criterion which can take in account various parameters (i.e. computing load balance of mediator agent, geographical distance (network delay) between costumer and provider...).

@inproceedings{djoudi_reglementation_2016,
	title = {Réglementation américaine dans le domaine de la signature électronique et l'enregistrement électronique},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	url = {http://djoudi.online.fr/publications/files/2016_05_17_CIMAESP_Khenchela_Djoudi_21CFR11.pdf},
	booktitle = {Colloque {International} {Modernisation} et {Administration} {Electronique} au {Service} du {Public}, ({CIMAESP}'2016), {Khenchela}, {Algérie}},
	author = {Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {2016},
	keywords = {Information \& Communication Technologies},
}

@inproceedings{mediani_vers_2015,
	address = {Agadir, Morocco},
	title = {Vers un système de recommandation pour l'apprenant à partir d'un modèle sémantique de connaissances dans un environnement de collaboration},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01307019},
	booktitle = {7èmes {Conférence} sur les {Environnements} {Informatiques} pour l'{Apprentissage} {Humain}},
	author = {Mediani, Chahrazed and Abel, Marie-Hélène and Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {2015},
	keywords = {Learner Modeling},
}

@inproceedings{mediani_towards_2015,
	title = {Towards a recommendation system for the learner from a semantic model of knowledge in a collaborative environment},
	volume = {456},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	isbn = {978-3-319-19577-3},
	url = {http://djoudi.online.fr/publications/files/2015_05_20_CIIA2015_Saida_Mediani.pdf},
	doi = {10.1007/978-3-319-19578-0_26},
	abstract = {© IFIP International Federation for Information Processing 2015. Collaboration is a common work between many people which generates the creation of a common task. A computing environment can foster collaboration among peers to exchange and share knowledge or skills for succeeding a common project. Therefore, when users interact among themselves and with an environment, they provide a lot of information. This information is recorded and classified in a model of traces to be used to enhance collaborative learning. In this paper, we propose (1) the refinement of a semantic model of traces with indicators calculated according to Bayes formulas and (2) the exploitation of these indicators to provide recommendations to the learner to reinforce learning points with learners, of his/her community of collaboration, identified as "experts".},
	booktitle = {{IFIP} {Advances} in {Information} and {Communication} {Technology}},
	author = {Mediani, Chehrazed and Abel, Marie-Hélène and Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {2015},
	keywords = {Learner Modeling},
	pages = {315--327},
}

© IFIP International Federation for Information Processing 2015. Collaboration is a common work between many people which generates the creation of a common task. A computing environment can foster collaboration among peers to exchange and share knowledge or skills for succeeding a common project. Therefore, when users interact among themselves and with an environment, they provide a lot of information. This information is recorded and classified in a model of traces to be used to enhance collaborative learning. In this paper, we propose (1) the refinement of a semantic model of traces with indicators calculated according to Bayes formulas and (2) the exploitation of these indicators to provide recommendations to the learner to reinforce learning points with learners, of his/her community of collaboration, identified as "experts".

@inproceedings{benabied_cloud_2015,
	title = {A cloud security framework based on trust model and mobile agent},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	url = {http://djoudi.online.fr/publications/files/2015_06_02_CloudTech15_Casa_Benabeid.pdf},
	doi = {10.1109/CloudTech.2015.7336962},
	abstract = {Cloud computing as a potential paradigm offers tremendous advantages to enterprises. With the cloud computing, the market's entrance time is reduced, computing capabilities is augmented and computing power is really limitless. Usually, to use the full power of cloud computing, cloud users has to rely on external cloud service provider for managing their data. Nevertheless, the management of data and services are probably not fully trustworthy. Hence, data owners are uncomfortable to place their sensitive data outside their own system .i.e., in the cloud., Bringing transparency, trustworthiness and security in the cloud model, in order to fulfill client's requirements are still ongoing. To achieve this goal, our paper introduces two levels security framework: Cloud Service Provider (CSP) and Cloud Service User (CSU). Each level is responsible for a particular task of the security. The CSU level includes a proxy agent and a trust agent, dealing with the first verification. Then a second verification is performed at the CSP level. The framework incorporates a trust model to monitor users' behaviors. The use of mobile agents will exploit their intrinsic features such as mobility, deliberate localization and secure communication channel provision. This model aims to protect user's sensitive information from other internal or external users and hackers. Moreover, it can detect policy breaches, where the users are notified in order to take necessary actions when malicious access or malicious activity would occur.},
	booktitle = {Cloud {Technologies} and {Applications} ({CloudTech}), 2015 {International} {Conference} on},
	author = {Benabied, Saddek and Zitouni, Abdelhafid and Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {2015},
	keywords = {Cloud Computing},
	pages = {1--8},
}

Cloud computing as a potential paradigm offers tremendous advantages to enterprises. With the cloud computing, the market's entrance time is reduced, computing capabilities is augmented and computing power is really limitless. Usually, to use the full power of cloud computing, cloud users has to rely on external cloud service provider for managing their data. Nevertheless, the management of data and services are probably not fully trustworthy. Hence, data owners are uncomfortable to place their sensitive data outside their own system .i.e., in the cloud., Bringing transparency, trustworthiness and security in the cloud model, in order to fulfill client's requirements are still ongoing. To achieve this goal, our paper introduces two levels security framework: Cloud Service Provider (CSP) and Cloud Service User (CSU). Each level is responsible for a particular task of the security. The CSU level includes a proxy agent and a trust agent, dealing with the first verification. Then a second verification is performed at the CSP level. The framework incorporates a trust model to monitor users' behaviors. The use of mobile agents will exploit their intrinsic features such as mobility, deliberate localization and secure communication channel provision. This model aims to protect user's sensitive information from other internal or external users and hackers. Moreover, it can detect policy breaches, where the users are notified in order to take necessary actions when malicious access or malicious activity would occur.

@inproceedings{mahdjoub_e-learning_2014,
	title = {E-{Learning} en {Chimie} {Moléculaire} à base d’{Ontologie}},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	url = {http://djoudi.online.fr/publications/files/},
	booktitle = {International {Conference} on {Artificial} {Intelligence} and {Information} {Technology} ({ICA2IT}) {Ouargla}, {Algérie}},
	author = {Mahdjoub, Mohammed Bachir and Belkadi, Khaled and Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {2014},
	keywords = {Ontologies \& Semantic Web},
}

@inproceedings{djoudi_strategie_2014,
	title = {Stratégie numérique à l’université},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	url = {http://djoudi.online.fr/publications/files/},
	booktitle = {International {Conference} on {Artificial} {Intelligence} and {Information} {Technology} ({ICA2IT}) {Ouargla}, {Algérie}},
	author = {Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {2014},
	keywords = {Digital Higher Education},
}

@inproceedings{behaz_inference_2014,
	title = {An inference based on the semantic links for searching learning objects},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	url = {http://djoudi.online.fr/publications/files/},
	booktitle = {International {Conference} on {Education} and {Social} {Sciences} {INTCESS14}, {Istanbul}, {Turkey}},
	author = {Behaz, Amel and Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {2014},
	keywords = {Adaptive Learning},
}

@inproceedings{behaz_experimental_2014,
	title = {Experimental {Study}: {E}-learning {System} using {Open} {Source} {Tools} in the {Algerian} {Institution}},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	url = {http://djoudi.online.fr/publications/files/},
	booktitle = {2nd {Annual} {Mobile} {Learning} {Conference}, {Higher} {College} of {Technology}, {Dubai} {Men}'s {College}, {UAE}},
	author = {Behaz, Amel and Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {2014},
	keywords = {Digital Higher Education},
}

@inproceedings{mediani_e-pacad_2013,
	title = {E-{PACAD}: {A} collaborative learning environment based ontologies},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	isbn = {978-1-4799-2725-8},
	url = {http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/6815291/},
	doi = {10.1109/ICTA.2013.6815291},
	abstract = {In this paper, we present a collaborative learning environment mediatized on the Internet. For its design, we take into account all the components intervening in the interaction and collaboration process and we propose an approach guided by ontologies (domain and application). The objective of this work is to allow multiple users (learners, teachers, administrators, managers, etc.) to interact collectively with the environment. In this collaboration model, the learning users are actors of the achievement of a common problem. © 2013 IEEE.},
	booktitle = {Fourth {International} {Conference} on {Information} and {Communication} {Technology} and {Accessibility} ({ICTA})},
	publisher = {IEEE},
	author = {Mediani, Chahrazed and Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	month = oct,
	year = {2013},
	keywords = {Collaborative Learning},
	pages = {1--6},
}

In this paper, we present a collaborative learning environment mediatized on the Internet. For its design, we take into account all the components intervening in the interaction and collaboration process and we propose an approach guided by ontologies (domain and application). The objective of this work is to allow multiple users (learners, teachers, administrators, managers, etc.) to interact collectively with the environment. In this collaboration model, the learning users are actors of the achievement of a common problem. © 2013 IEEE.

@inproceedings{mechta_cvlb_2013,
	title = {{CVL}@b: {A} {Collaborative} {Virtual} {L}@boratory development and experimentation},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	isbn = {978-989-8533-16-6},
	url = {http://djoudi.online.fr/publications/files/},
	abstract = {© 2013 IADIS. Our context of research is in the field of the CEHA (Computing Environments for Human Apprenticeship) and particularly the DE (Distance Education). It presents a very important facet of experimental teaching. The aim of this paper is to propose a multidisciplinary architecture called CVL@b (Collaborative Virtual L@boratory) for the virtual experimentation on the Web. This architecture allows learners to perform distant practical work (Tele-PW) and experiments using virtual devices in experimental sciences in a collaborative way. The trainers could lead interactive sessions of instructions of Tele-PW using appropriate scenarios, thus using the metaphor of the distant practical worksheet (Tele-PW sheet). CVL@b is a collaborative virtual laboratory for the realization of the Experimental Work (EW). Its design was based on the analysis of the classical laboratories. In order to validate its effectiveness in a real situation, an evaluation was carried by real users. In this article, we first of all present the transition of a conventional Lab to Tele-Labs. Then, we present the CVL@b architecture. After that, we show the selected method for the evaluation of CVL@b also the parameters to be evaluated. Then, we present the got results. We finish with a discussion and a conclusion of this evaluation.},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the {IADIS} {International} {Conference} {WWW}/{Internet} 2013, {ICWI} 2013},
	author = {Mechta, Djamila and Harous, Saad and Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {2013},
	keywords = {Virtual Laboratory},
	pages = {125--132},
}

© 2013 IADIS. Our context of research is in the field of the CEHA (Computing Environments for Human Apprenticeship) and particularly the DE (Distance Education). It presents a very important facet of experimental teaching. The aim of this paper is to propose a multidisciplinary architecture called CVL@b (Collaborative Virtual L@boratory) for the virtual experimentation on the Web. This architecture allows learners to perform distant practical work (Tele-PW) and experiments using virtual devices in experimental sciences in a collaborative way. The trainers could lead interactive sessions of instructions of Tele-PW using appropriate scenarios, thus using the metaphor of the distant practical worksheet (Tele-PW sheet). CVL@b is a collaborative virtual laboratory for the realization of the Experimental Work (EW). Its design was based on the analysis of the classical laboratories. In order to validate its effectiveness in a real situation, an evaluation was carried by real users. In this article, we first of all present the transition of a conventional Lab to Tele-Labs. Then, we present the CVL@b architecture. After that, we show the selected method for the evaluation of CVL@b also the parameters to be evaluated. Then, we present the got results. We finish with a discussion and a conclusion of this evaluation.

@article{herrouz_navigation_2013,
	title = {Navigation {Assistance} and {Web} {Accessibility} {Helper}},
	volume = {2},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	url = {http://djoudi.online.fr/publications/files/},
	number = {5},
	journal = {International Journal of Application on Innovation in Engineering and Management (IJAIEM), ISSN: 2319-4847},
	author = {Herrouz, Abdelhakim and Khentout, Chabane and Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {2013},
	keywords = {Web Navigation Assistance},
	pages = {pp: 517--523},
}

@inproceedings{behaz_inference_2013,
	title = {An inference system for research and adaptation of learning resources based on the {MBTI} theory of psychological types},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	url = {http://djoudi.online.fr/publications/files/},
	booktitle = {3rd {International} {Conference} on {Information} {Systems} and {Technologies} {ICIST}’13 {Tanger} {Maroc}},
	author = {Behaz, Amel and Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {2013},
	keywords = {Adaptive Learning},
}

@inproceedings{djoudi_ameliorer_2013,
	title = {Améliorer la qualité de l'enseignement supérieur en {Algérie} a travers les {TIC}},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	url = {http://djoudi.online.fr/publications/files/},
	booktitle = {Journée {Scientifique} {E}-{Learning}, {JSEL}’2013, {INTTIC} - {Oran}},
	author = {Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {2013},
	keywords = {Digital Higher Education},
}

@article{herrouz_khentout_overview_2013,
	title = {Overview of {Web} {Content} {Mining} {Tools}},
	volume = {2},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	url = {http://djoudi.online.fr/publications/files/},
	number = {6},
	journal = {The International Journal of Engineering and Science (TheIJES), ISSN: 2319-1805},
	author = {Herrouz Khentout, \& Djoudi, M. (2013). Overview of Web Content Mining Tools. The International Journal of Engineering {and} Science (TheIJES), ISSN: 2319-1805, 2(6), pp: 106--110. Retrieved from http://djoudi.online.fr/publications/files/He, Abdelhakim, A, C. and Khentout, Chabane and Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {2013},
	keywords = {Web Mining},
	pages = {pp: 106--110},
}

@article{talhi_implementing_2012,
	title = {Implementing {WAI} {Authoring} {Tool} {Accessibility} {Guidelines} in {Developing} {Adaptive} {Elearning}},
	volume = {9},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	doi = {10.5815/ijmecs.2012.09.01},
	abstract = {— Adaptive learning technology allows for the development of more personalized online learning experiences with materials that adapt to student performance and skill level. The term " adaptive " is also used to describe Assistive Technologies that allow the usability of online based courses for learners with disabilities and special needs. Authoring tools can enable, encourage, and assist authors in the creation of elearning content. Because most of the content of the Web based adaptive learning is created using authoring tools, they may be accessible to authors regardless of disability and they may support and encourage the authors in creating accessible elearning content. This paper presents an authoring tool designed for developing accessible adaptive elearning. The authoring tool, dedicated to Algerian universities, is designed to satisfy the W3C/WAI Authoring Tool Accessibility Guidelines (ATAG), and to allow collaboration functionalities among teachers where building elearning courses. After presenting the W3C/WAI accessibility guidelines, the collaborative authoring tool is outlined.},
	number = {9},
	journal = {I.J.Modern Education and Computer Science Modern Education and Computer Science},
	author = {Talhi, Said and Khadraoui, Fairouz and Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {2012},
	keywords = {Intelligent Tutoring Systems},
	pages = {1--13},
}

— Adaptive learning technology allows for the development of more personalized online learning experiences with materials that adapt to student performance and skill level. The term " adaptive " is also used to describe Assistive Technologies that allow the usability of online based courses for learners with disabilities and special needs. Authoring tools can enable, encourage, and assist authors in the creation of elearning content. Because most of the content of the Web based adaptive learning is created using authoring tools, they may be accessible to authors regardless of disability and they may support and encourage the authors in creating accessible elearning content. This paper presents an authoring tool designed for developing accessible adaptive elearning. The authoring tool, dedicated to Algerian universities, is designed to satisfy the W3C/WAI Authoring Tool Accessibility Guidelines (ATAG), and to allow collaboration functionalities among teachers where building elearning courses. After presenting the W3C/WAI accessibility guidelines, the collaborative authoring tool is outlined.

@article{herrouz_overview_2012,
	title = {Overview of {Visualization} {Tools} for {Web} {Browser} {History} {Data}},
	volume = {9},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	number = {6},
	journal = {International Journal of Computer Science Issues (IJCSI), ISSN : 1694-0814},
	author = {Herrouz, Abdelhakim and Khentout, Chabane and Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {2012},
	keywords = {Web Navigation Assistance},
	pages = {pp: 92--98},
}

@inproceedings{behaz_systeme_2012,
	title = {Un système d'inférence basé sur les ontologies pour la recherche d'objets pédagogiques pertinents},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	booktitle = {1er {Séminaire} {National} sur les {Technologies} {Educatives} {SNTE}' 2012, {Guelma}, {Algérie}},
	author = {Behaz, Amel and Zine, Khalil and Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {2012},
	keywords = {Ontologies \& Semantic Web},
}

@article{behaz_adaptation_2012,
	title = {Adaptation of learning resources based on the {MBTI} theory of psychological types},
	volume = {9},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	url = {https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/76ca/973193452e1b1403cfef2edc2478ec2751a4.pdf},
	abstract = {Today, the resources available on the web increases significantly. The motivation for the dissemination of knowledge and their acquisition by learners is central to learning. However, learners show differences between the ways of learning that suits them best. The objective of the work presented in this paper is to study how it is possible to integrate models from cognitive theories and ontologies for the adaptation of educational resources. The goal is to provide the system capabilities to conduct reasoning on descriptions obtained in order to automatically adapt the resources to a learner according to his preferences. We rely on the model MBTI (Myers-Briggs Type Indicator) for the consideration of learning styles of learners as a criterion for adaptation.},
	number = {2},
	journal = {International Journal of Computer Science Issues (IJCSI), ISSN : 1694-0814},
	author = {Behaz, Amel and Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {2012},
	keywords = {Adaptive Learning},
	pages = {pp 135--141},
}

Today, the resources available on the web increases significantly. The motivation for the dissemination of knowledge and their acquisition by learners is central to learning. However, learners show differences between the ways of learning that suits them best. The objective of the work presented in this paper is to study how it is possible to integrate models from cognitive theories and ontologies for the adaptation of educational resources. The goal is to provide the system capabilities to conduct reasoning on descriptions obtained in order to automatically adapt the resources to a learner according to his preferences. We rely on the model MBTI (Myers-Briggs Type Indicator) for the consideration of learning styles of learners as a criterion for adaptation.

@article{mechta_supervision_2012,
	title = {Supervision and {Control} {Tool} for {Collaborative} {Virtual} {L}@boratory},
	volume = {7},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	url = {http://djoudi.online.fr/publications/files/},
	doi = {10.4304/jsw.7.7.1496-1504},
	abstract = {The objective of this article is to model and implement a learner Supervision and Control Tool during a remote learning session of practical work. This tool will be integrated in our Collaborative Virtual L@boratory. It serves the users (learners, teachers, tutors) of our virtual laboratory during the assistance and evaluation process. It allows the tutors to be aware of the work-progress status and makes a model for the average learner based on his/her actions and interactions. The functionalities supported by this system are: synchronous supervision (tutors and learners are connected simultaneously), asynchronous supervision (using the activities' history) and guiding the learners. © 2012 ACADEMY PUBLISHER.},
	number = {7},
	journal = {Journal of Software},
	author = {Mechta, Djamila and Harous, Saad and Djoudi, Mahieddine and Douar, Amel},
	year = {2012},
	keywords = {Virtual Laboratory},
	pages = {1496--1504},
}

The objective of this article is to model and implement a learner Supervision and Control Tool during a remote learning session of practical work. This tool will be integrated in our Collaborative Virtual L@boratory. It serves the users (learners, teachers, tutors) of our virtual laboratory during the assistance and evaluation process. It allows the tutors to be aware of the work-progress status and makes a model for the average learner based on his/her actions and interactions. The functionalities supported by this system are: synchronous supervision (tutors and learners are connected simultaneously), asynchronous supervision (using the activities' history) and guiding the learners. © 2012 ACADEMY PUBLISHER.

@inproceedings{mechta_supervision_2011,
	title = {Supervision and control tool for {E}-learning virtual laboratory},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	isbn = {978-1-4577-0311-9},
	url = {http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/5893869/},
	doi = {10.1109/INNOVATIONS.2011.5893869},
	abstract = {The objective of this article is to model and implement a learner supervision system during a remote session of practical works (PW). This system will serve the users (learners, teachers, tutors) of our virtual laboratory during the assistance and evaluation process. It also makes it possible for the teachers to be aware of the progress status of the work. Another characteristic is added, it is a question of designing a model for the average learner based on his/her actions and reactions. The functionalities supported by this system are: the supervision in real-time (teachers and learners are connected simultaneously), supervision in differed time (using the activities' history) and guiding the learners. © 2011 IEEE.},
	booktitle = {2011 {International} {Conference} on {Innovations} in {Information} {Technology}},
	publisher = {IEEE},
	author = {Mechta, Djamila and Harous, Saad and Djoudi, Mahieddine and Douar, Amel and Belmahdi, Raouf},
	year = {2011},
	keywords = {Virtual Laboratory},
	pages = {61--66},
}

The objective of this article is to model and implement a learner supervision system during a remote session of practical works (PW). This system will serve the users (learners, teachers, tutors) of our virtual laboratory during the assistance and evaluation process. It also makes it possible for the teachers to be aware of the progress status of the work. Another characteristic is added, it is a question of designing a model for the average learner based on his/her actions and reactions. The functionalities supported by this system are: the supervision in real-time (teachers and learners are connected simultaneously), supervision in differed time (using the activities' history) and guiding the learners. © 2011 IEEE.

@inproceedings{merzougui_approche_2011,
	title = {Une approche de conception et de production des cours de phonétique en {SMIL} 3.0},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	booktitle = {{ICIST} 2011 : 1st {International} {Conference} on {Information} {Systems} and {Technologies}, {ISBN} : 978-9931-9004-05, {Tebessa}, {Algeria}},
	author = {Merzougui, Ghalia and Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {2011},
	keywords = {Language Comprehension},
}

@article{zidat_new_2011,
	title = {New practice in {English} reading comprehension in {Algeria}},
	volume = {1},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	number = {2},
	journal = {International Journal of Digital Information and Wireless Communication (IJDIWC)},
	author = {Zidat, Samir and Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {2011},
	keywords = {Language Comprehension},
	pages = {pp: 288--300},
}

@article{merzougui_authoring_2011,
	title = {An {Authoring} {System} for {Editing} {Lessons} in {Phonetic} {English} in {SMIL3}.0},
	volume = {8},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	number = {6},
	journal = {International Journal of Computer Science Issues (IJCSI), ISSN : 1694-0814},
	author = {Merzougui, Ghalia and Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {2011},
	keywords = {Language Comprehension},
	pages = {pp 275--280},
}

@article{merzougui_conception_2011,
	title = {Conception and {Use} of {Ontologies} for {Indexing} and {Searching} by {Semantic} {Contents} of {Video} {Courses}},
	volume = {8},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	number = {6},
	journal = {International Journal of Computer Science Issues (IJCSI), ISSN : 1694-0814},
	author = {Merzougui, Ghalia and Djoudi, Mahieddine and Behaz, Amel},
	year = {2011},
	keywords = {Ontologies \& Semantic Web},
	pages = {pp 59--67},
}

@inproceedings{djoudi_environnements_2011,
	title = {Environnements numériques de travail support à la qualité en enseignement universitaire},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	booktitle = {{ICIST} 2011 : 1st {International} {Conference} on {Information} {Systems} and {Technologies}, {ISBN} : 978-9931-9004-05, {Tebessa}, {Algeria}},
	author = {Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {2011},
	keywords = {Digital Higher Education},
}

@article{zidat_web_2011,
	title = {Web {Based} {Application} for {Reading} {Comprehension} {Skills}},
	volume = {8},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	number = {3},
	journal = {International Journal of Computer Science Issues (IJCSI), ISSN : 1694-0814},
	author = {Zidat, Samir and Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {2011},
	keywords = {Language Comprehension},
	pages = {80--87},
}

@article{talhi_developing_2011,
	title = {Developing adaptive elearning: {An} authoring tool design},
	volume = {8},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	abstract = {Adaptive hypermedia is the answer to the "lost in hyperspace" syndrome, where the user has normally too many links to choose from, and little knowledge about how to proceed and select the most appropriate ones to him/her. Adaptive hypermedia thus offers a selection of links or content most appropriate to the user. Until very recently, little attention has been given to the complex task of authoring materials for Adaptive Educational Hypermedia. An author faces a multitude of problems when creating a personalized, rich learning experience for each user. The purpose of this paper is to present an authoring tool for adaptive hypermedia based courses. Designed to satisfy guidelines of accessibility of the W3C recommendation for authors and learners that present disabilities, the authoring tool allows several authors geographically dispersed to produce such courses together. It consists of a shared workspace gathering all tools necessary to the cooperative development task.},
	number = {5 5-3},
	journal = {International Journal of Computer Science Issues},
	author = {Talhi, Said and Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {2011},
	keywords = {Intelligent Tutoring Systems},
	pages = {92--100},
}

Adaptive hypermedia is the answer to the "lost in hyperspace" syndrome, where the user has normally too many links to choose from, and little knowledge about how to proceed and select the most appropriate ones to him/her. Adaptive hypermedia thus offers a selection of links or content most appropriate to the user. Until very recently, little attention has been given to the complex task of authoring materials for Adaptive Educational Hypermedia. An author faces a multitude of problems when creating a personalized, rich learning experience for each user. The purpose of this paper is to present an authoring tool for adaptive hypermedia based courses. Designed to satisfy guidelines of accessibility of the W3C recommendation for authors and learners that present disabilities, the authoring tool allows several authors geographically dispersed to produce such courses together. It consists of a shared workspace gathering all tools necessary to the cooperative development task.

@inproceedings{behaz_adaptation_2011,
	title = {Adaptation des ressources pédagogiques basée sur la théorie {MBTI} des types psychologiques et les ontologies},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	booktitle = {{ICIST} 2011 : 1st {International} {Conference} on {Information} {Systems} and {Technologies}, {ISBN} : 978-9931-9004-05, {Tebessa}, {Algeria}},
	author = {Behaz, Amel and Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {2011},
	keywords = {Adaptive Learning},
}

@inproceedings{zidat_impact_2011,
	title = {The impact of an online environment reading comprehension: {A} case of {Algerian} {EFL} students},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	booktitle = {The {International} {Conference} on {Digital} {Information} and {Communication} {Technology} and its {Applications} ({DICTAP2011}), {Dijon}, {France}},
	author = {Zidat, Samir and Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {2011},
	keywords = {Language Comprehension},
}

@inproceedings{djoudi_apport_2011,
	title = {Apport des {TIC} dans la mise en place de réseaux de recherche},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	booktitle = {Winter {University}: {Project} {Management} in {Research} and {Technology}, {Biskra}, 24-29},
	author = {Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {2011},
	keywords = {Digital Higher Education},
}

@article{behaz_ontological_2011,
	title = {Ontological representation models for adaptive hypermedia construction},
	volume = {6},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	abstract = {The objective of the works presented in this article is to study how we can integrate models from cognitive theories and ontologies for the construction of adaptive hypermedia. The goal is to provide the system capacity enabling it to carry out reasoning on descriptions obtained in order to automatically adapt resources and services offered to a learner based on preferences learning styles. We present ontology of domain. A learner ontology based on the theory of psychological types of MBTI (Myers-Briggs Type Indicator). Finally, we present a model of adaptation that generates personalized content by applying rules of structure and presentation. © 2011 Praise Worthy Prize S.r.l.-All rights reserved.},
	number = {2},
	journal = {International Review on Computers and Software},
	author = {Behaz, Amel and Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {2011},
	keywords = {Ontologies \& Semantic Web},
	pages = {199--205},
}

The objective of the works presented in this article is to study how we can integrate models from cognitive theories and ontologies for the construction of adaptive hypermedia. The goal is to provide the system capacity enabling it to carry out reasoning on descriptions obtained in order to automatically adapt resources and services offered to a learner based on preferences learning styles. We present ontology of domain. A learner ontology based on the theory of psychological types of MBTI (Myers-Briggs Type Indicator). Finally, we present a model of adaptation that generates personalized content by applying rules of structure and presentation. © 2011 Praise Worthy Prize S.r.l.-All rights reserved.

@inproceedings{djoudi_improving_2011,
	title = {Improving the {Quality} of {Higher} {Education} through {ICT}},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	url = {http://ceur-ws.org/Vol-825/keynote4.pdf},
	booktitle = {3rd {International} {Conference} on {Computer} {Science} and its {Applications} ({CIIA} 2011)},
	author = {Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {2011},
	keywords = {Digital Higher Education},
}

@misc{djoudi_site_2010,
	title = {Site {Pro} de {Mahieddine} {Djoudi}},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	url = {http://djoudi.online.fr/},
	author = {Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {2010},
}

@incollection{djoudi_elearning_2010,
	address = {Turkey},
	series = {e-{LEARNING} {Practices}, {Cases} on {Challenges} {Facing} {E}-{Learning} and {National} {Development}, {ISBN} 978-975-98590-8-4},
	title = {{eLearning} in {Algeria}: {Experiences} {On} {E}-{Learning} in {Algerian} {Universities}},
	volume = {1},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	isbn = {978-975-98590-8-4},
	url = {http://djoudi.online.fr/publications/files/2010_01_01_Djoudi_Elearning_Algeria_Chapter.pdf},
	publisher = {Anadolu University, Eskisehir},
	author = {Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	editor = {Demiray, Ugur},
	year = {2010},
	keywords = {Elearning},
	pages = {pp. 1--31},
}

@article{zidat_effects_2010,
	title = {Effects of an online learning on {EFL} university students' english reading comprehension},
	volume = {5},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	abstract = {The purpose of the present research is trying to determine if the reading comprehension instruction can be enhanced by an online reading environment to compensate for the lack of time devoted to the English course at Algeria, Batna Computer Science Department. Our main research question is trying to provide us with an answer to the following question whether an online learning of English as a Foreign Language university students' English reading comprehension should be embraced or avoided. The findings of the experiment revealed by the ANOVA's (ANalyse of VAriance) method that from practical side, a true integration of the Web in English language pedagogy can help poor students better their English and become somehow independent and confident readers and incite the teacher to be active in the teaching learning process. The paper concludes with some suggestions and recommendations we think, they are necessary for the implementation of an online reading comprehension environment in Algerian universities. © 2010 Praise Worthy Prize S.r.l.},
	number = {2},
	journal = {International Review on Computers and Software},
	author = {Zidat, Samir and Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {2010},
	keywords = {Language Comprehension},
	pages = {186--192},
}

The purpose of the present research is trying to determine if the reading comprehension instruction can be enhanced by an online reading environment to compensate for the lack of time devoted to the English course at Algeria, Batna Computer Science Department. Our main research question is trying to provide us with an answer to the following question whether an online learning of English as a Foreign Language university students' English reading comprehension should be embraced or avoided. The findings of the experiment revealed by the ANOVA's (ANalyse of VAriance) method that from practical side, a true integration of the Web in English language pedagogy can help poor students better their English and become somehow independent and confident readers and incite the teacher to be active in the teaching learning process. The paper concludes with some suggestions and recommendations we think, they are necessary for the implementation of an online reading comprehension environment in Algerian universities. © 2010 Praise Worthy Prize S.r.l.

@inproceedings{mechta_collaborative_2010,
	title = {A collaborative learning environment for a biology practical work},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	isbn = {978-1-4503-0421-4},
	doi = {10.1145/1967486.1967547},
	abstract = {In this paper we will use the specification of a biochemistry practical work to demonstrate the use of our virtual laboratory platform. This platform has an agent based architecture which we proposed in our previous work. We describe a generic architecture of a virtual laboratory. We have chosen biochemistry major because almost all its courses require experimental work. The real experiments, in a such a field, require expensive materials and might be dangerous for students to manipulate. The objective of this work is to design and implement the remote practical work that we are interested in. We used MaSE (Multi agent System Engineering) methodology to develop the system. This tool must be capable of creating a digital work environment where learners collaborate and cooperate among themselves to achieve the various stages of this practical work (PW). Copyright 2010 ACM.},
	booktitle = {{iiWAS2010} - 12th {International} {Conference} on {Information} {Integration} and {Web}-{Based} {Applications} and {Services}},
	author = {Mechta, Djamila and Harous, Saad and Djoudi, Mahieddine and Douar, Amel},
	year = {2010},
	keywords = {Virtual Laboratory},
	pages = {389--394},
}

In this paper we will use the specification of a biochemistry practical work to demonstrate the use of our virtual laboratory platform. This platform has an agent based architecture which we proposed in our previous work. We describe a generic architecture of a virtual laboratory. We have chosen biochemistry major because almost all its courses require experimental work. The real experiments, in a such a field, require expensive materials and might be dangerous for students to manipulate. The objective of this work is to design and implement the remote practical work that we are interested in. We used MaSE (Multi agent System Engineering) methodology to develop the system. This tool must be capable of creating a digital work environment where learners collaborate and cooperate among themselves to achieve the various stages of this practical work (PW). Copyright 2010 ACM.

@inproceedings{talhi_co-authoring_2010,
	title = {Co-authoring an {Adaptive} {Educational} {Hypermedia}},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	doi = {10.1109/ICDIM.2010.5664659},
	booktitle = {Fifth {IEEE} {International} {Conference} on {Digital} {Information} {Management}, {ICDIM} 2010, {ISBN}: 978-1-4244-7572-8, {Lakehead} {University}, {Thunder} {Bay}, {Canada}, pp: 552-557},
	author = {Talhi, Said and Ouadfel, Salima and Behaz, Amel and Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {2010},
	keywords = {Intelligent Tutoring Systems},
	pages = {pp: 552--557},
}

@inproceedings{mechta_agents_2009,
	title = {Agents {Based} {Modeling} of {Distant} {Biology} {Practical} {Work}},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	booktitle = {The 4th {International} {Conference} on {Information} {Technology} ({ICIT} 2009), {Amman}, {Jordan}},
	author = {Mechta, Djamila and Harous, Saad and Djoudi, Mahieddine and Douar, Amel},
	year = {2009},
	keywords = {Virtual Laboratory},
}

@inproceedings{behaz_approche_2009,
	title = {Approche de modélisation d'un apprenant à base d'ontologie pour un hypermédia adaptatif pédagogique},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	booktitle = {Conférence {Internationale} sur l'{Informatique} et ses {Applications}, {CIIA}'09, {Saida}, {Algérie}},
	author = {Behaz, Amel and Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {2009},
	keywords = {Adaptive Learning},
}

@inproceedings{bellaouar_construction_2009,
	title = {Construction et utilisation d'un thésaurus pour la recherche d'information sur le web},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	booktitle = {Conférence {Internationale} des {Technologies} de l'{Information} et de la {Communication}, {CITIC}'09, {Sétif}, {Algérie}},
	author = {Bellaouar, Slimane and Djoudi, Mahieddine and Zidat, Samir},
	year = {2009},
	keywords = {Information Literacy},
}

@inproceedings{debbagh_recherche_2009,
	title = {La recherche sémantique des images sur le cancer du sein à base d'ontologie},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	booktitle = {International {Conference} on applied {Informatics} {ICAI09}, {Bordj} {Bou} {Arreridj}},
	author = {Debbagh, Farah and Djoudi, Mahieddine and Khentout, Chabane},
	year = {2009},
	keywords = {Artificial intelligence},
}

@inproceedings{khentout_traitement_2009,
	title = {Traitement des {Logs} en web usage maning},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	booktitle = {International {Conference} on applied {Informatics} {ICAI09}, {Bordj} {Bou} {Arreridj}},
	author = {Khentout, Chabane and Oulad-Naoui, Slimane and Djoudi, Mahieddine and Douidi, Lamri},
	year = {2009},
	keywords = {Web Mining},
}

@inproceedings{mediani_modelisation_2009,
	title = {Modélisation des interactions de l'apprenant à base d'agents},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	booktitle = {International {Conference} on applied {Informatics} {ICAI09}, {Bordj} {Bou} {Arreridj}, 15-17 {Novembre}},
	author = {Mediani, Chahrazed and Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {2009},
	keywords = {Learner Modeling},
}

@inproceedings{zidat_reading_2009,
	title = {Reading {Comprehension} {Performance} {Assessment} {Approach}},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	booktitle = {International {Conference} on applied {Informatics} {ICAI09}, {Bordj} {Bou} {Arreridj}},
	author = {Zidat, Samir and Djoudi, Mahieddine and Talhi, Said},
	year = {2009},
	keywords = {Language Comprehension},
}

@inproceedings{bellaouar_thesaurus_2009,
	title = {Thesaurus for {Query} {Expansion} in {Web} {Information} {Retrieval}},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	booktitle = {International {Conference} on applied {Informatics} {ICAI09}, {Bordj} {Bou} {Arreridj}},
	author = {Bellaouar, Slimane and Oulad-Naoui, Slimane and Djoudi, Mahieddine and Zidat, Samir},
	year = {2009},
	keywords = {Information Literacy},
}

@inproceedings{djoudi_experience_2009,
	title = {Expérience du e-learning : étude de cas de plateforme},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	booktitle = {Séminaire {International} sur la gouvernance électronique, {Alger}},
	author = {Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {2009},
	keywords = {Elearning},
}

@inproceedings{harbouche_modelisation_2009,
	title = {Modélisation d'un environnement numérique pour un apprentissage coopératif/collaboratif è base d'agents},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	booktitle = {Conférence {Internationale} des {Technologies} de l'{Information} et de la {Communication}, {CITIC}'09, {Sétif}, {Algérie}},
	author = {Harbouche, Khadidja and Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {2009},
	keywords = {Elearning Architecture},
}

@inproceedings{oulad-naoui_s2wc2_2009,
	title = {{S2WC2}, a {User} {Centric} {Web} {Usage} {Mining} {Framework}},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	booktitle = {Second {International} {Conference} on {Web} and {Information} {Technologies}, {ICWIT}'09, kerkennah {Island}, {Sfax}, {Tunisia}},
	author = {Oulad-Naoui, Slimane and Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {2009},
	keywords = {Web Mining},
}

@inproceedings{merzougui_description_2009,
	title = {Description de {Contenu} de {Cours} {Vidéo} pour une {Indexation} par la {Sémantique}},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	booktitle = {Journées {Scientifiques} sur l'{Informatique} et ses {Applications}, {JSIA}'2009, {Guelma}, {Algérie}.},
	author = {Merzougui, Ghalia and Hidar, Mourad and Behaz, Amel and Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {2009},
	keywords = {Elearning Authoring Tools},
}

@inproceedings{talhi_hypermedia_2009,
	title = {Un hypermédia intelligent pour l'apprentissage à distance},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	booktitle = {Journées {Scientifiques} sur l'{Informatique} et ses {Applications} - {JSIA}'2009, {Guelma}, {Algérie}},
	author = {Talhi, Said and Zidat, Samir and Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {2009},
	keywords = {Intelligent Tutoring Systems},
}

@inproceedings{alti_patrons_2009,
	title = {Patrons des {Connecteurs} {Architecturaux} pour le {Développement} des {Architectures} à base d'{UML}},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	booktitle = {1er {Conférence} {Internationale} des {Technologies} de l'{Information} et de la {Communication} ({CITIC}'09), {Sétif} {Algérie}, pp 58},
	author = {Alti, Adel and Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {2009},
	keywords = {Modelisation},
}

@inproceedings{douar_interactive_2009,
	title = {An interactive {3D} distributed environment for distance practical works},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	isbn = {978-1-4244-5698-7},
	doi = {10.1109/IIT.2009.5413779},
	abstract = {This work is in line with the framework of the development of a 3D interactive environment to make it easy for university students to do their distant practical works (PW). This environment allows several learners to share a 3D work space.. Therefore this is a multi users environment, distributed over a network and uses the virtual reality which allows the performance of many activities. We propose in this paper the description of a PW generic classroom which has all the necessary virtual objects to accomplish the different experiments. The interaction with this work is done through a java Applet, shared between learners, that allows the manipulation of these objects to attain the expected objective of the experiment.},
	booktitle = {2009 {International} {Conference} on {Innovations} in {Information} {Technology}, {IIT} '09},
	author = {Douar, Amel and Harous, Saad and Djoudi, Mahieddine and Mechta, Djamila},
	year = {2009},
	keywords = {Virtual Laboratory},
	pages = {205--209},
}

This work is in line with the framework of the development of a 3D interactive environment to make it easy for university students to do their distant practical works (PW). This environment allows several learners to share a 3D work space.. Therefore this is a multi users environment, distributed over a network and uses the virtual reality which allows the performance of many activities. We propose in this paper the description of a PW generic classroom which has all the necessary virtual objects to accomplish the different experiments. The interaction with this work is done through a java Applet, shared between learners, that allows the manipulation of these objects to attain the expected objective of the experiment.

@inproceedings{behaz_contribution_2009,
	title = {Contribution de génération d'un hypermédia d'enseignement adaptatif à base d'ontologies},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	booktitle = {3emes {Journées} {Francophones} sur les ontologies {JFO} 2009 - {Poitiers}},
	author = {Behaz, Amel and Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {2009},
	keywords = {Adaptive Learning},
}

@inproceedings{khentout_visualizing_2009,
	title = {Visualizing {Historic} {Data} for {Web} {Mining}},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	booktitle = {Conférence {Internationale} des {Technologies} de l'{Information} et de la {Communication}, {CITIC}'09, {Sétif}, {Algérie}},
	author = {Khentout, Chabane and Djoudi, Mahieddine and Douidi, Lamri},
	year = {2009},
	keywords = {Web Navigation Assistance},
}

@inproceedings{talhi_sequencement_2009,
	title = {Séquencement d'objets pédagogiques dans un environnement hypermédia adaptatif},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	booktitle = {Conférence {Internationale} sur l'{Informatique} et ses {Applications}, {CIIA}'09, {Saida}},
	author = {Talhi, Said and Ouadfel, Salima and Behaz, Amel and Merzougui, Ghalia and Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {2009},
	keywords = {Intelligent Tutoring Systems},
}

@inproceedings{douidi_contenu_2009,
	title = {Un contenu pédagogique au format {SCORM}},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	booktitle = {Conférence {Internationale} des {Technologies} de l'{Information} et de la {Communication}, {CITIC}'09, {Sétif}, {Algérie}},
	author = {Douidi, Lamri and Djoudi, Mahieddine and Khentout, Chabane},
	year = {2009},
	keywords = {Elearning Authoring Tools},
}

@inproceedings{talhi_outil_2009,
	title = {Un {Outil} {Auteur} {Coopératif} pour les {Hypermédias} {Adaptatifs} d'{Apprentissage}},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	booktitle = {International {Conference} on applied {Informatics} {ICAI09}, {Bordj} {Bou} {Arreridj}, 15-17 {Novembre}},
	author = {Talhi, Said and Ouadfel, Salima and Zidat, Samir and Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {2009},
	keywords = {Intelligent Tutoring Systems},
}

@inproceedings{djoudi_experiences_2009,
	title = {Expériences de {Elearning} dans les universités algériennes},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	booktitle = {Conférence {Internationale} sur l'{Informatique} et ses {Applications}, {CIIA}'09, {Saida}},
	author = {Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {2009},
	keywords = {Elearning},
}

@inproceedings{behaz_processus_2009,
	title = {Processus d'adaptation sur un modèle apprenant basé sur une ontologie},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	booktitle = {Colloque international sur les {TICE} et les méthodes d'enseignement/apprentissage des langues, {Tipaza}, {Algérie}},
	author = {Behaz, Amel and Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {2009},
	keywords = {Adaptive Learning},
}

@article{behaz_modelisation_2009,
	title = {Modélisation ontologique pour la création d'un hypermédia adaptatif},
	volume = {39},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	journal = {International Journal of Information Sciences for Decision Making (ISDM), ISSN : 1265-499X},
	author = {Behaz, Amel and Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {2009},
	keywords = {Adaptive Learning},
}

@inproceedings{douidi_construction_2009,
	title = {Construction d'une ontologie du domaine de l'enseignement supérieur en langue arabe},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	booktitle = {International {Conference} on applied {Informatics} {ICAI09}, {Bordj} {Bou} {Arreridj}},
	author = {Douidi, Lamri and Gasmi, Mounira and Djoudi, Mahieddine and Khentout, Chabane},
	year = {2009},
	keywords = {Ontologies \& Semantic Web},
}

@inproceedings{zidat_systeme_2008,
	title = {Système de compréhension de l'anglais écrit},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	booktitle = {Première journée des {Jeunes} {Chercheurs} en {Informatique} : {JCI}'2008, {Guelma} ({Algérie})},
	author = {Zidat, Samir and Talhi, Said and Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {2008},
	keywords = {Language Reading Comprehension},
}

@inproceedings{djoudi_technologie_2008,
	title = {Technologie du {Mobile} {Learning} pour la compréhension orale des langues},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	booktitle = {Conférence {Internationale} sur les {Technologies} de l'{Information} et la {Communication}, {CITIC} '08, {Béchar}, {Algérie}},
	author = {Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {2008},
	keywords = {Language Comprehension},
}

@inproceedings{talhi_planification_2008,
	title = {Planification d'enchaînement de cursus dans un univers d'objets d'apprentissage},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	booktitle = {Première journée des {Jeunes} {Chercheurs} en {Informatique} : {JCI}'2008, {Guelma} ({Algérie})},
	author = {Talhi, Said and Zidat, Samir and Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {2008},
	keywords = {Intelligent Tutoring Systems},
}

@inproceedings{alti_formal_2008,
	title = {Formal {Specification} and {Verification} of {Software} {Architecture} {Behavioral} {Concepts} using {UML2}.0 {Profile} and {B}},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00302719},
	booktitle = {The 10th {Maghrebian} {Conference} on {Information} {Technologies} ({MCSEAI}'08), {Oran} {Algeria}},
	author = {Alti, Adel and Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {2008},
	keywords = {Modelisation},
	pages = {pp 1--6},
}

@inproceedings{djoudi_demarche_2008,
	title = {Démarche d'utilisation des {TIC} dans l'enseignement et la recherche},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	booktitle = {Conférence {Internationale} sur les {Technologies} de l'{Information} et la {Communication}, {CITIC} '08, {Béchar}, {Algérie}},
	author = {Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {2008},
	keywords = {Digital Higher Education},
}

@inproceedings{djoudi_mobile_2008,
	address = {Algeria},
	title = {Le mobile learning pour la compréhension orale des langues étrangères.},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00302375},
	booktitle = {International {Conference} on {Web} and {Information} {Technologies} ”{ICWIT} '08” .},
	author = {Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {2008},
	keywords = {Language Comprehension},
}

@inproceedings{behaz_modelisation_2008,
	address = {Algeria},
	title = {Modélisation de l'apprenant dans les systèmes hypermédias adaptatifs.},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00302389},
	booktitle = {International {Conference} on {Web} and {Information} {Technologies} ”{ICWIT} '08” -},
	author = {Behaz, Amel and Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {2008},
	keywords = {Adaptive Learning},
}

@inproceedings{alti_automatic_2008,
	address = {Lyon, France},
	title = {An automatic transformation from {COSA} software architecture to {CORBA} platform},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	isbn = {978-1-59593-937-1},
	url = {http://portal.acm.org/citation.cfm?doid=1416729.1416771},
	doi = {10.1145/1416729.1416771},
	abstract = {Recently, middleware as an abstraction layer is completely integrated in development environments for resolving heterogeneity and guaranteeing the transparency communication of distributed components. The explicit separation of architecture and implementation is the main concern of the Model Driven Architecture (MDA), aiming to well understanding and controlling interactions and inter-connections among components. This article defines an automatic transformation from COSA (Component-Object based Software Architecture), which is a software architecture model that describes systems as a collection of components and connectors, to a standard platform - CORBA. The goal of our work is rapid mapping and smooth integration of COSA concepts into CORBA middleware platform in order to achieve a higher level of abstraction. Copyright 2008 ACM.},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the 8th international conference on {New} technologies in distributed systems - {NOTERE} '08},
	publisher = {ACM Press},
	author = {Alti, Adel and Djoudi, Mahieddine and Smeda, Adel},
	year = {2008},
	keywords = {Modelisation},
	pages = {33:1--33:11},
}

Recently, middleware as an abstraction layer is completely integrated in development environments for resolving heterogeneity and guaranteeing the transparency communication of distributed components. The explicit separation of architecture and implementation is the main concern of the Model Driven Architecture (MDA), aiming to well understanding and controlling interactions and inter-connections among components. This article defines an automatic transformation from COSA (Component-Object based Software Architecture), which is a software architecture model that describes systems as a collection of components and connectors, to a standard platform - CORBA. The goal of our work is rapid mapping and smooth integration of COSA concepts into CORBA middleware platform in order to achieve a higher level of abstraction. Copyright 2008 ACM.

@article{douidi_authoring_2008,
	title = {An {Authoring} {System} for {Pedagogical} {Content} {Creation} and {Management}},
	volume = {35},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	abstract = {Algerian Virtual University AVUNET (Algerian Virtual University on the NET) will be a multilingual environment for distance learning and teaching by exploiting communication and information technologies in particularly the Internet and the hypermedia [1]. The objective of our work is to develop within AVUNET, an authoring package (AVUNET Author) that makes it possible for instructors who are not information technology specialists to create interactive learning modules within a distance teaching platform. A pedagogic model based on a conceptual network is used as a support for the construction system. Based on this model, the system will guide the user in the tree structure, by indicating the necessary concepts for comprehension of other concepts at a higher level. The users of the authoring module are instructors, whatever their information technology experience is. The content designed is made accessible to the learner through a computer connected to the network. Tests in real situation are being done at the University Ferhat Abbas (Setif Algeria) in collaboration with a group of instructors and students. This experience has helped us to outline a methodology to create interactive modular courses (bag pedagogic) accessible on Internet and CD-ROM. Keywords.- Authoring System, Virtual University, Distance Education, and Learner Evaluation.},
	number = {1},
	journal = {International Journal of Instructional Media, ISSN : 0092-1815},
	author = {Douidi, Lamri and Harous, Saad and Khentout, Chabane and Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {2008},
	keywords = {Elearning Authoring Tools},
}

Algerian Virtual University AVUNET (Algerian Virtual University on the NET) will be a multilingual environment for distance learning and teaching by exploiting communication and information technologies in particularly the Internet and the hypermedia [1]. The objective of our work is to develop within AVUNET, an authoring package (AVUNET Author) that makes it possible for instructors who are not information technology specialists to create interactive learning modules within a distance teaching platform. A pedagogic model based on a conceptual network is used as a support for the construction system. Based on this model, the system will guide the user in the tree structure, by indicating the necessary concepts for comprehension of other concepts at a higher level. The users of the authoring module are instructors, whatever their information technology experience is. The content designed is made accessible to the learner through a computer connected to the network. Tests in real situation are being done at the University Ferhat Abbas (Setif Algeria) in collaboration with a group of instructors and students. This experience has helped us to outline a methodology to create interactive modular courses (bag pedagogic) accessible on Internet and CD-ROM. Keywords.- Authoring System, Virtual University, Distance Education, and Learner Evaluation.

@article{chebira_tic_2008,
	title = {Les {TIC} et le développement économique en {Algérie} - état et perspectives.},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	number = {492},
	journal = {Journal Of Modern Egypt},
	author = {Chebira, Boualem and Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {2008},
	keywords = {Information \& Communication Technologies},
}

@incollection{djoudi_text_2008,
	address = {USA},
	edition = {Second Edi},
	series = {Handbook of {Research} on {Mobile} {Multimedia}, {ISBN}: 1-59140-866-0},
	title = {Text {Entry} {System} for {Semitic} {Languages} on {Mobile} {Devices}},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	publisher = {IGI Global},
	author = {Djoudi, Mahieddine and Harous, Saad},
	year = {2008},
	keywords = {Language Comprehension},
}

@inproceedings{zidat_systeme_2008,
	title = {Système de compréhension à distance du français écrit pour un public arabophone.},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	booktitle = {Colloque {Euro} {Méditerranéen} et {Africain} d'{Approfondissement} sur la {FORmation} {A} {Distance}, {Strasbourg} ({France})},
	author = {Zidat, Samir and Talhi, Said and Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {2008},
	keywords = {Language Comprehension},
}

@inproceedings{talhi_generation_2008,
	title = {Génération automatique de curriculum dans un univers d'objets d'apprentissage},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	booktitle = {Colloque {Euro} {Méditerranéen} et {Africain} d'{Approfondissement} sur la {FORmation} {A} {Distance}, {Strasbourg} ({France})},
	author = {Talhi, Said and Djoudi, Mahieddine and Ouadfel, Salima and Zidat, Samir and Taleb-Ahmed, Abdelmalik},
	year = {2008},
	keywords = {Intelligent Tutoring Systems},
}

@inproceedings{djoudi_innovations_2008,
	address = {SIDI BEL ABBES, Algeria},
	title = {Innovations technologiques au sein du projet de l'université virtuelle algérienne.},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00301553},
	booktitle = {International {Conference} on {Web} and {Information} {Technologies} ”{ICWIT} '08”.},
	author = {Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {2008},
	keywords = {Digital Higher Education},
}

@inproceedings{talhi_generation_2008,
	title = {Génération automatique de curriculum adapté pour l'apprentissage à distance universitaire},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	booktitle = {Cinquième colloque international {TICE} {Méditerranée} ({TiceMed}'2008), {Sfax}, {Tunisie}},
	author = {Talhi, Said and Djoudi, Mahieddine and Ouadfel, Salima and Zidat, Samir},
	year = {2008},
	keywords = {Intelligent Tutoring Systems},
}

@incollection{djoudi_approach_2008,
	address = {USA},
	series = {Handbook of {Research} on {E}-{Learning} {Methodologies} for {Language} {Acquisition}, {ISBN}: 978-1-59904-994-6},
	title = {Approach for {Listening} {Comprehension} of {Foreign} {Languages} with {Mobile} {Devices}},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	publisher = {IGI Global},
	author = {Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {2008},
	keywords = {Language Comprehension},
}

@article{mediani_agent-based_2007,
	title = {An agent-based design for the learner behaviour modelling},
	volume = {6},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	doi = {10.3923/itj.2007.681.689},
	abstract = {In the field of Information and Communication Technologies, the e-learning holds an increasingly important place. With the development of the web technology, the learner benefits from knowledge constantly updated. From now, the interest focus is the learner him self. But learners have various attitudes, that it will be necessary to model them in order to adapt systems and platforms to their needs. In this research, a design is proposed and implement an agent based architecture for the learner behaviour modelling, in the distance learning. This user centred system is conceived to build the learner profile or model, by collecting information concerning him on the one hand and memorizing his navigation traces in the learning environment, on the other hand. For present environment design, a multi agent based methodology is used. In this way, the environment is thought as being composed of entities having communication and problems resolution capacities and organized in its focus with the learner profile. © 2007 Asian Network for Scientific Information.},
	number = {5},
	journal = {Information Technology Journal},
	author = {Mediani, Chehrazed and Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {2007},
	keywords = {Learner Modeling},
	pages = {681--689},
}

In the field of Information and Communication Technologies, the e-learning holds an increasingly important place. With the development of the web technology, the learner benefits from knowledge constantly updated. From now, the interest focus is the learner him self. But learners have various attitudes, that it will be necessary to model them in order to adapt systems and platforms to their needs. In this research, a design is proposed and implement an agent based architecture for the learner behaviour modelling, in the distance learning. This user centred system is conceived to build the learner profile or model, by collecting information concerning him on the one hand and memorizing his navigation traces in the learning environment, on the other hand. For present environment design, a multi agent based methodology is used. In this way, the environment is thought as being composed of entities having communication and problems resolution capacities and organized in its focus with the learner profile. © 2007 Asian Network for Scientific Information.

@inproceedings{mechta_design_2007,
	title = {Design and {Development} of a {Prototype} of a {Practical} {Work} {Template} for a {Virtual} {Laboratory}},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	booktitle = {{iiWAS2007} : 9th {International} {Conference} on {Information} {Integration} and {Web}-based {Applications} \& {Services}, {Jakarta}, {Indonesia}},
	author = {Mechta, Djamila and Harous, Saad and Djoudi, Mahieddine and Douar, Amel},
	year = {2007},
	keywords = {Virtual Laboratory},
}

@inproceedings{khentout_graphical_2007,
	title = {Graphical tool to simplify navigation process over the web},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	booktitle = {International {Conference} on {Computer} {Integrated} {Manufacturing} {CIP}'2007},
	author = {Khentout, Chabane and Djoudi, Mahieddine and Douidi, Lamri},
	year = {2007},
	keywords = {Web Navigation Assistance},
}

@inproceedings{douar_modelisation_2007,
	title = {Modélisation d'un environnement virtuel pour les {E}-{TP} par la réalité virtuelle},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	booktitle = {International {Conference} on {Computer} {Integrated} {Manufacturing} {CIP}'2007},
	author = {Douar, Amel and Harous, Saad and Djoudi, Mahieddine and Mechta, Djamila},
	year = {2007},
	keywords = {Virtual Laboratory},
}

@inproceedings{douidi_evaluation_2007,
	title = {Evaluation formative et sommative en enseignement médiatisé},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	booktitle = {Le premier séminaire international sur l’ingénierie pédagogique , {Batna} ({Algérie})},
	author = {Douidi, Lamri and Djoudi, Mahieddine and Khentout, Chabane},
	year = {2007},
	keywords = {Elearning Authoring Tools},
}

@article{khentout_graphical_2007,
	title = {Graphical {Tool} to {Simplify} the {Navigation} and {Web} {Accessibility}},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	journal = {The first International Conference on Information and Communication Technology and Accessibility, Hammamet - Tunisia},
	author = {Khentout, Chabane and Djoudi, Mahieddine and Douidi, Lamri},
	year = {2007},
	keywords = {Web Navigation Assistance},
}

@inproceedings{mediani_application_2007,
	title = {Application de la méthodologie {MaSE} ({Multi} agent {System} {Engineering}) dans la conception d'un outil de mémorisation des traces d'interaction de l'apprenant.},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	booktitle = {{H2PTM}'07 : {Hypermedias} {Hypertexts}, {Products}, {Tools} and {Methods} {International} {Conference}, {Hammamet}, {Tunisie}},
	author = {Mediani, Chahrazed and Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {2007},
	keywords = {Learner Modeling},
}

@inproceedings{mechta_agent-based_2007,
	title = {An agent-based approach for designing and implementing a virtual laboratory},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	isbn = {978-1-4244-1841-1},
	doi = {10.1109/IIT.2007.4430405},
	abstract = {Virtual laboratories are necessary in e-learning environments, especially in technical and scientific disciplines. Our research objectives consist in proposing an environment to allow, on one hand, teachers to design virtual practical works, and on the other hand, learners to work together and perform laboratory experiments from remote locations through a web browser in distant Environment with virtual objects and appropriate pedagogical scenarios. In this article we describe the design and implementation of an agent based environment of a virtual laboratory for cooperative learning over the Web. ©2008 IEEE.},
	booktitle = {Innovations'07: 4th {International} {Conference} on {Innovations} in {Information} {Technology}, {IIT}},
	author = {Mechta, Djamila and Harous, Saad and Djoudi, Mahieddine and Douar, Amel},
	year = {2007},
	keywords = {Virtual Laboratory},
	pages = {496--500},
}

Virtual laboratories are necessary in e-learning environments, especially in technical and scientific disciplines. Our research objectives consist in proposing an environment to allow, on one hand, teachers to design virtual practical works, and on the other hand, learners to work together and perform laboratory experiments from remote locations through a web browser in distant Environment with virtual objects and appropriate pedagogical scenarios. In this article we describe the design and implementation of an agent based environment of a virtual laboratory for cooperative learning over the Web. ©2008 IEEE.

@inproceedings{douidi_formation_2007,
	title = {Formation par les {TIC} dans {AVUNET}},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	booktitle = {6e {Journées} d'études {INFORUM} : {Techniques} et {Technologies} de la formation dans l'entreprise, {Oran} ({Algérie})},
	author = {Douidi, Lamri and Djoudi, Mahieddine and Khentout, Chabane},
	year = {2007},
	keywords = {Elearning Authoring Tools},
}

@inproceedings{zidat_tic_2007,
	title = {Les {TIC} au service de la formation universitaire},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	booktitle = {Le premier séminaire international sur l’ingénierie pédagogique, {Batna} ({Algérie})},
	author = {Zidat, Samir and Djoudi, Mahieddine and Talhi, Said},
	year = {2007},
	keywords = {Digital Higher Education},
}

@inproceedings{douidi_learning_2007,
	title = {Learning content management and authoring system},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	booktitle = {International {Conference} on {Computer} {Integrated} {Manufacturing} {CIP}'2007},
	author = {Douidi, Lamri and Djoudi, Mahieddine and Khentout, Chabane},
	year = {2007},
	keywords = {Elearning Authoring Tools},
}

@inproceedings{behaz_creation_2007,
	title = {Création dynamique de documents hypermédias adaptatifs},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	booktitle = {10ème {Colloque} {International} sur le {Document} {Electronique}, {CIDE}'10, {Nancy} {France}.},
	author = {Behaz, Amel and Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {2007},
	keywords = {Adaptive Learning},
}

@inproceedings{talhi_tuteur_2007,
	title = {Un tuteur intelligent hypermédia pour le soutien en apprentissage à distance},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	url = {http://djoudi.online.fr/publications/files/},
	booktitle = {3e conférence en {Environnement} {Informatique} pour l'{Apprentissage} {Humain}, {EIAH} 2007, {Lausanne}, {Suisse}.},
	author = {Talhi, Said and Djoudi, Mahieddine and Ouadfel, Salima and Zidat, Samir},
	year = {2007},
	keywords = {Intelligent Tutoring Systems},
}

@inproceedings{talhi_canevas_2007,
	title = {Un {Canevas} de {Tuteur} {Intelligent} {Hypermédia} pour l'{Apprentissage} à {Distance} {Universitaire}},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	booktitle = {International {Conference} on {Computer} {Integrated} {Manufacturing} {CIP}'2007},
	author = {Talhi, Said and Djoudi, Mahieddine and Ouadfel, Salima and Zidat, Samir},
	year = {2007},
	keywords = {Intelligent Tutoring Systems},
}

@article{douidi_users_2007,
	title = {Users {Assistants} for {E}-{Learning} {Environment} {Over} the {Web}},
	volume = {3},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	doi = {10.3844/jcssp.2007.122.129},
	abstract = {In this study, we present users assistants for e-learning environment over the Web called AVUNET. It was made up of an educational server that allows access to the available courses on the site. The server was structured in pedagogical labs that respond to the user needs. It offers also a module for self-evaluation so that the user can evaluate his/her level. Trainers have created this facility very carefully to assure a detailed evaluation with very accurate solutions. Based on the model of “telephone ring”, the system proposes facilities for communication and collaboration in order to bring the trainers and the learners closer to each other. This forum of trainers and learners allow the users to exchange information and their experiences pedagogic. These experiences are acquired by the use of computer aided tools for virtual navigation through structured hypertext documents. The user actions during a learning or navigation session are analyzed.},
	number = {3},
	journal = {Journal of Computer Science},
	author = {Douidi, Lamri and Djoudi, Mahieddine and Khentout, Chabane},
	year = {2007},
	keywords = {Elearning Authoring Tools},
	pages = {122--129},
}

In this study, we present users assistants for e-learning environment over the Web called AVUNET. It was made up of an educational server that allows access to the available courses on the site. The server was structured in pedagogical labs that respond to the user needs. It offers also a module for self-evaluation so that the user can evaluate his/her level. Trainers have created this facility very carefully to assure a detailed evaluation with very accurate solutions. Based on the model of “telephone ring”, the system proposes facilities for communication and collaboration in order to bring the trainers and the learners closer to each other. This forum of trainers and learners allow the users to exchange information and their experiences pedagogic. These experiences are acquired by the use of computer aided tools for virtual navigation through structured hypertext documents. The user actions during a learning or navigation session are analyzed.

@inproceedings{harbouche_multimedia_2007,
	title = {Multimedia distance learning environment},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	isbn = {978-9973-879-14-1},
	abstract = {We present in this paper a multimedia distance-learning environment. The multimedia supports accessibility and the access to the knowledge for all. Our aim is to make the training system truly accessible by the disabled persons, according to three principles: knowledge availability, users' extensive and personalized assistance and system flexibility. The incorporation of computer science and telecommunications has profoundly changed the implementation problems of learning systems. A distance learning environment is an individual and customizable implement allowing every user to have access, in a simple way, and across networks, to the communication tools, services and digital means, which he needs for his activity.The implementation of such environment is becoming possible by the development of the Internet / Intranet and the appearance of Multi Agents Systems "MAS". In our model, human users and artificial agents carry out tasks in the disabled learners' service. We define the internal structure of our kernel supposed to work within Internet/Intranet settings. It is claimed that the agent-based technology is a suitable approach for two main reasons: agents are a natural metaphor of human acts, and the learning systems are usually complex.},
	booktitle = {New {Trends} in {ICT} and {Accessibility} - {Proceedings} of the 1st {International} {Conference} in {Information} and {Communication} {Technology} and {Accessibility}, {ICTA} 2007},
	author = {Harbouche, Khadidja and Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {2007},
	keywords = {Elearning Architecture},
	pages = {143--148},
}

We present in this paper a multimedia distance-learning environment. The multimedia supports accessibility and the access to the knowledge for all. Our aim is to make the training system truly accessible by the disabled persons, according to three principles: knowledge availability, users' extensive and personalized assistance and system flexibility. The incorporation of computer science and telecommunications has profoundly changed the implementation problems of learning systems. A distance learning environment is an individual and customizable implement allowing every user to have access, in a simple way, and across networks, to the communication tools, services and digital means, which he needs for his activity.The implementation of such environment is becoming possible by the development of the Internet / Intranet and the appearance of Multi Agents Systems "MAS". In our model, human users and artificial agents carry out tasks in the disabled learners' service. We define the internal structure of our kernel supposed to work within Internet/Intranet settings. It is claimed that the agent-based technology is a suitable approach for two main reasons: agents are a natural metaphor of human acts, and the learning systems are usually complex.

@article{harbouche_agent-based_2007,
	title = {Agent-{Based} {Design} for {E}-learning {Environment}},
	volume = {3},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	doi = {10.3844/jcssp.2007.383.389},
	abstract = {We presented an agent-based e-learning environment. Our aim was to allow many users to interact collectively and intelligently with the environment. In this cooperation model, human users and artificial agents carry out tasks in the learners’ service. We define the internal structure of our kernel supposed to work within Internet/Intranet settings. Design was structured in three parts: individual learning space, collaborative space, and cooperative space. We advocate the employment of an agent-based approach, a suitable for two main reasons: agents were a natural metaphor of human acts, and the learning systems are generally complex. Prometheus methodology used for the design and emphasis placed on the agent-based features.},
	number = {6},
	journal = {Journal of Computer Science},
	author = {Harbouche, Khadidja and Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {2007},
	keywords = {Elearning Architecture},
	pages = {383--389},
}

We presented an agent-based e-learning environment. Our aim was to allow many users to interact collectively and intelligently with the environment. In this cooperation model, human users and artificial agents carry out tasks in the learners’ service. We define the internal structure of our kernel supposed to work within Internet/Intranet settings. Design was structured in three parts: individual learning space, collaborative space, and cooperative space. We advocate the employment of an agent-based approach, a suitable for two main reasons: agents were a natural metaphor of human acts, and the learning systems are generally complex. Prometheus methodology used for the design and emphasis placed on the agent-based features.

@inproceedings{talhi_integration_2007,
	title = {Intégration des {TIC} en pédagogie universitaire : proposition d'un modèle de tutorat en ligne},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	booktitle = {Le premier séminaire international sur l’ingénierie pédagogique , {Batna} ({Algérie})},
	author = {Talhi, Said and Djoudi, Mahieddine and Zidat, Samir and Ouadfel, Salima},
	year = {2007},
	keywords = {Intelligent Tutoring Systems},
}

@inproceedings{harbouche_assistant_2007,
	title = {Assistant virtuel à base d'agents pour un enseignement à distance sur le web},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	booktitle = {{H2PTM}'07 : {Hypermedias} {Hypertexts}, {Products}, {Tools} and {Methods} {International} {Conference}, {Hammamet}, {Tunisie}},
	author = {Harbouche, Khadidja and Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {2007},
	keywords = {Elearning Architecture},
}

@inproceedings{talhi_authoring_2007,
	title = {Authoring intelligent tutoring systems for disabled learners},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	isbn = {978-9973-879-14-1},
	abstract = {The purpose of this paper is to present an authoring tool for the development of a distance learning hypermedia intelligent tutoring system (HITS). Designed to satisfy guidelines of accessibility of the W3C recommendation for authors and learners that present disabilities, the authoring tool allows several authors geographically dispersed to cooperate to produce such tutors together. It consists of a shared workspace gathering all tools necessary to the cooperative development task. After describing the structure of the generated ITS, the client-server architecture of the authoring tool and the mechanism needed to manage the notification and group awareness is outlined.},
	booktitle = {New {Trends} in {ICT} and {Accessibility} - {Proceedings} of the 1st {International} {Conference} in {Information} and {Communication} {Technology} and {Accessibility}, {ICTA} 2007},
	author = {Talhi, Said and Djoudi, Mahieddine and Ouadfel, Salima and Zidat, Samir},
	year = {2007},
	keywords = {Intelligent Tutoring Systems},
	pages = {137--142},
}

The purpose of this paper is to present an authoring tool for the development of a distance learning hypermedia intelligent tutoring system (HITS). Designed to satisfy guidelines of accessibility of the W3C recommendation for authors and learners that present disabilities, the authoring tool allows several authors geographically dispersed to cooperate to produce such tutors together. It consists of a shared workspace gathering all tools necessary to the cooperative development task. After describing the structure of the generated ITS, the client-server architecture of the authoring tool and the mechanism needed to manage the notification and group awareness is outlined.

@article{harbouche_agent-based_2007,
	title = {Agent-based virtual assistant in an interactive learning environment},
	volume = {6},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	doi = {10.3923/itj.2007.1199.1207},
	abstract = {The most commonly used models, for distance training environment, propose learning activities which are generally limited to online lessons consultation and submission of home works to be marked by Graders before they are sent back to the learner. The tutors, seldom, intervene at the time when the learner is in the process of performing his/her learning activities. We present in this paper the design of an agent based interactive environment to assist the learner. This environment offers to the learner self-training resources, tutor service and distance assistance. In this context, the assistant can play the role of a substitute teacher and companion to the learner. We propose the use of an agent-based approach, which is a suitable for two main reasons: agents are a natural metaphor of human and it is convenient for complex distributed systems. Therefore, our aim is to create a personalised artificial assistant agent who is able to communicate with learner and help him/her to perform the tasks. The MaSE (Multi-agent Systems Engineering) methodology is used to develop this system. © 2007 Asian Network for Scientific Information.},
	number = {8},
	journal = {Information Technology Journal},
	author = {Harbouche, Khadidja and Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {2007},
	keywords = {Elearning Architecture},
	pages = {1199--1207},
}

The most commonly used models, for distance training environment, propose learning activities which are generally limited to online lessons consultation and submission of home works to be marked by Graders before they are sent back to the learner. The tutors, seldom, intervene at the time when the learner is in the process of performing his/her learning activities. We present in this paper the design of an agent based interactive environment to assist the learner. This environment offers to the learner self-training resources, tutor service and distance assistance. In this context, the assistant can play the role of a substitute teacher and companion to the learner. We propose the use of an agent-based approach, which is a suitable for two main reasons: agents are a natural metaphor of human and it is convenient for complex distributed systems. Therefore, our aim is to create a personalised artificial assistant agent who is able to communicate with learner and help him/her to perform the tasks. The MaSE (Multi-agent Systems Engineering) methodology is used to develop this system. © 2007 Asian Network for Scientific Information.

@inproceedings{djoudi_langue_2006,
	title = {Langue arabe et {Elearning}},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	booktitle = {Journées d'étude sur les {TIC}, {JeTIC2006}, {Bechar} {Algérie}},
	author = {Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {2006},
	keywords = {Elearning},
}

@article{djoudi_listening_2006,
	title = {Listening {Comprehension} of {English} {Second} {Language} with {Mobile} {Devices}},
	volume = {2},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	number = {2},
	journal = {Journal of Mobile Multimedia (JMM), ISSN: 1550-4646},
	author = {Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {2006},
	keywords = {Language Comprehension},
	pages = {146--166},
}

@inproceedings{zidat_evaluation_2006,
	title = {Evaluation de la plate-forme d'enseignement à distance {Ibn} {Sina}},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	booktitle = {Journées d'étude sur les {TIC}, {JeTIC2006}, {Bechar}, {Algérie}},
	author = {Zidat, Samir and Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {2006},
	keywords = {ELearning Assessment \& Evaluation},
}

@article{talhi_cooperative_2006,
	title = {A {Cooperative} {Authoring} for {Intelligent} {Tutoring} {System}},
	volume = {5},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	number = {5},
	journal = {Asian Journal of Information Technology (AJIT), ISSN: 1682-3915},
	author = {Talhi, Said and Djoudi, Mahieddine and Batouche, Mohamed},
	year = {2006},
	keywords = {Intelligent Tutoring Systems},
	pages = {497--503},
}

@inproceedings{behaz_medyna_2006,
	title = {{MEDYNA} : {Un} environnement numérique de travail de type hypermédia adaptatif dynamique},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	booktitle = {Colloque {International} sur l'{Informatique} et ses {Applications}, {IA}-2006, {Ouajda}, {Maroc}},
	author = {Behaz, Amel and Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {2006},
	keywords = {Adaptive Learning},
}

@inproceedings{ghebghoub_ontologies_2006,
	title = {Ontologies et web sémantique en enseignement à distance},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	booktitle = {23éme {Congrès} de l'{Association} {Internationale} de {Pédagogie} {Universitaire} ({AIPU}) {Monastir} 2006},
	author = {Ghebghoub, Ouafia and Djoudi, Mahieddine and Benmohammed, Mohamed},
	year = {2006},
	keywords = {Ontologies \& Semantic Web},
}

@inproceedings{herrouz_web_2006,
	title = {Web sémantique et agents intelligents pour une adaptation è l'usager du web},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	booktitle = {Journées d'étude sur les {TIC}, {JeTIC2006}, {Bechar}, {Algérie}},
	author = {Herrouz, Abdelhakim and Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {2006},
	keywords = {Ontologies \& Semantic Web},
}

@article{khentout_supporting_2006,
	title = {Supporting {Tools} to {Simplify} the {Navigation} {Process} over the {Web}},
	volume = {2},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	number = {3},
	journal = {Journal of Computer Science, ISSN: 1549-3636},
	author = {Khentout, Chabane and Djoudi, Mahieddine and Douidi, Lamri},
	year = {2006},
	keywords = {Web Navigation Assistance},
	pages = {269--275},
}

@article{khentout_learning_2006,
	title = {Learning and {Navigation} {Assistance} in a {Hypermedia}},
	volume = {33},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	url = {http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&AuthType=cookie,ip,uid&db=eric&AN=EJ760699&site=ehost-live%5Cnhttp://www.adprima.com/ijim.htm},
	abstract = {Navigating through hypermedia the user faces problems of locating oneself with respect to space and time. That is why there is a need to develop tools that can help the user locate himself to see where he has been browsing through the net during a particular navigation session through hypermedia. It is needed to offer the user a map of the visited sites, allowing him to have an explicit representation of virtual space. We first introduce the concepts related to hypermedia navigation; we then present an overview of different computer aided navigation tools and techniques. We conclude by presenting a comparative table of these tools based on some pertinent criteria. (Contains 1 chart and 1 diagram.)},
	number = {3},
	journal = {International Journal of Instructional Media},
	author = {Khentout, Chabane and Harous, Saad and Douidi, Lamri and Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {2006},
	note = {Publisher: International Journal of Instructional Media},
	keywords = {Web Navigation Assistance},
	pages = {265--276},
}

Navigating through hypermedia the user faces problems of locating oneself with respect to space and time. That is why there is a need to develop tools that can help the user locate himself to see where he has been browsing through the net during a particular navigation session through hypermedia. It is needed to offer the user a map of the visited sites, allowing him to have an explicit representation of virtual space. We first introduce the concepts related to hypermedia navigation; we then present an overview of different computer aided navigation tools and techniques. We conclude by presenting a comparative table of these tools based on some pertinent criteria. (Contains 1 chart and 1 diagram.)

@inproceedings{harous_documentation_2006,
	title = {Documentation {Tool}: {An} {Object} oriented {Model} for {Electronic} {Library} {Management}},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	booktitle = {{EEE}'06- {The} 2006 {International} {Conference} on e-{Learning}, e-{Business}, {Enterprise} {Information} {Systems}, e-{Government}, and {Outsourcing}, {Las} {Vegas}, {Nevada}, {USA}},
	author = {Harous, Saad and Mechta, Djamila and Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {2006},
	keywords = {Elearning Architecture},
	pages = {202--208},
}

@inproceedings{mediani_architecture_2006,
	title = {Architecture à base d'agents pour la modélisation du comportement de l'apprenant en apprentissage à distance},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	booktitle = {Journées d'étude sur les {TIC}, {JeTIC2006}, {Bechar}, {Algérie}},
	author = {Mediani, Chahrazed and Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {2006},
	keywords = {Learner Modeling},
}

@inproceedings{harbouche_apprentissage_2006,
	title = {Apprentissage coopératif à base d'agents artificiels sur {Internet}},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	booktitle = {Journées d'étude sur les {TIC}, {JeTIC2006}, {Bechar}, {Algérie}},
	author = {Harbouche, Khadidja and Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {2006},
	keywords = {Elearning Architecture},
}

@inproceedings{djoudi_tendances_2006,
	title = {Tendances de recherche en {Elearning}},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	booktitle = {Conférence {Internationale} sur l'{Informatique} et ses {Applications}, {CIIA}'2006, {Saida} - {Algérie}},
	author = {Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {2006},
	keywords = {Elearning},
}

@inproceedings{mediani_outil_2006,
	title = {Un outil de mémorisation des traces de navigation de l'apprenant à base d'agents en apprentissage à distance},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	booktitle = {3ème {Colloque} {Euro}-{Méditerranéen} et {Africain} d'{Approfondissement} sur la {Formation} à {Distance}, {CEMAFORAD} 3 {Sousse}, 2006, {Tunisie}},
	author = {Mediani, Chahrazed and Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {2006},
	keywords = {Learner Modeling},
}

@inproceedings{harous_simulation_2006,
	title = {Simulation of a {Cell} {Proliferation} {Model}},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	booktitle = {{MSV}'06- {The} 2006 {International} {Conference} on {Modeling}, {Simulation} and {Visualization} {Methods}, {Las} {Vegas}, {Nevada}, {USA}},
	author = {Harous, Saad and Djoudi, Mahieddine and Boulanouar, Mohamed},
	year = {2006},
	keywords = {Modelisation},
	pages = {145--151},
}

@inproceedings{chebira_tic_2006,
	title = {Les {TIC} en {Algérie} : {Etat} et perspectives},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	booktitle = {Journées d'étude sur les {TIC}, {JeTIC2006}, {Bechar}, {Algérie}},
	author = {Chebira, Boualem and Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {2006},
	keywords = {Information \& Communication Technologies},
}

@inproceedings{mechta_laboratoire_2006,
	title = {Laboratoire virtuel de {TéléTP} sur {Internet}},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	booktitle = {Journées d'étude sur les {TIC}, {JeTIC2006}, {Bechar}, {Algérie}},
	author = {Mechta, Djamila and Djoudi, Mahieddine and Harous, Saad and Douar, Amel},
	year = {2006},
	keywords = {Virtual Laboratory},
}

@inproceedings{talhi_integration_2006,
	title = {Intégration des technologies d'intelligence en {EAD}},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	booktitle = {3ème {Colloque} {Euro}-{Méditerranéen} et {Africain} d'{Approfondissement} sur la {Formation} à {Distance}, {CEMAFORAD} 3 {Sousse}, 2006, {Tunisie}},
	author = {Talhi, Said and Djoudi, Mahieddine and Batouche, Mohamed},
	year = {2006},
	keywords = {Intelligent Tutoring Systems},
}

@article{talhi_authoring_2006,
	title = {Authoring groupware for intelligent tutoring systems},
	volume = {5},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	doi = {10.3923/itj.2006.860.867},
	abstract = {This study present an authoring groupware for the cooperative development of hypermedia intelligent tutoring systems (ITS). The authoring system allows several authors geographically dispersed to collaborate to produce such tutors. It consists of a shared workspace gathering all tools necessary to the cooperative development task. After describing the structure of the generated ITS, the client-server architecture of the authoring tool and the mechanism needed to manage the notification and group awareness is outlined. © 2006 Asian Network for Scientific Information.},
	number = {5},
	journal = {Information Technology Journal},
	author = {Talhi, Said and Djoudi, Mahieddine and Batouche, Mohamed},
	year = {2006},
	keywords = {Intelligent Tutoring Systems},
	pages = {860--867},
}

This study present an authoring groupware for the cooperative development of hypermedia intelligent tutoring systems (ITS). The authoring system allows several authors geographically dispersed to collaborate to produce such tutors. It consists of a shared workspace gathering all tools necessary to the cooperative development task. After describing the structure of the generated ITS, the client-server architecture of the authoring tool and the mechanism needed to manage the notification and group awareness is outlined. © 2006 Asian Network for Scientific Information.

@inproceedings{khentout_interface_2006,
	title = {Interface et assistance à l'apprenant dans {AVUNET}},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	booktitle = {Journées d'étude sur les {TIC}, {JeTIC2006}, {Bechar}, {Algérie}},
	author = {Khentout, Chabane and Djoudi, Mahieddine and Douidi, Lamri},
	year = {2006},
	keywords = {Learner Support},
}

@article{zidat_task_2006,
	title = {Task {Collaborative} {Resolution} {Tool} for {Elearning} {Environment}},
	volume = {5},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	number = {3},
	journal = {Asian Journal of Information Technology (AJIT), ISSN: 1682-3915},
	author = {Zidat, Samir and Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {2006},
	keywords = {ELearning Assessment \& Evaluation},
	pages = {290--297},
}

@inproceedings{douidi_conception_2006,
	title = {Conception de contenu pédagogique dans {AVUNET}},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	booktitle = {Journées d'étude sur les {TIC}, {JeTIC2006}, {Bechar}, {Algérie}},
	author = {Douidi, Lamri and Djoudi, Mahieddine and Khentout, Chabane},
	year = {2006},
	keywords = {Elearning Authoring Tools},
}

@inproceedings{douar_realite_2006,
	title = {La réalité virtuelle pour la conception des interfaces ergonomiques},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	booktitle = {Conférence {Internationale} sur l'{Informatique} et ses {Applications}, {CIIA}'2006, {Saida} - {Algérie}},
	author = {Douar, Amel and Harous, Saad and Djoudi, Mahieddine and Mechta, Djamila},
	year = {2006},
	keywords = {Virtual Laboratory},
}

@article{douidi_learner_2006,
	title = {Learner {Evaluation} {Tool} for {AVUNET} {Environment}},
	volume = {5},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	number = {3},
	journal = {Asian Journal of Information Technology (AJIT), ISSN: 1682-3915},
	author = {Douidi, Lamri and Djoudi, Mahieddine and Khentout, Chabane},
	year = {2006},
	keywords = {Elearning Authoring Tools},
	pages = {258--262},
}

@inproceedings{behaz_creation_2006,
	title = {Création et adaptation de documents pédagogiques hypermédias dans un environnement numérique de travail},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	booktitle = {Journèes d'étude sur les {TIC}, {JeTIC2006}, {Bechar}, {Algérie}},
	author = {Behaz, Amel and Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {2006},
	keywords = {Adaptive Learning},
}

@incollection{djoudi_portable_2006,
	title = {Portable {MP3} players for oral comprehension of a foreign language},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	isbn = {978-1-59140-866-6},
	abstract = {In this chapter, we present an approach for mobile learning that aims at equipping learners by portable MP3 players. As known, the primary use of this device is to listen to music in MP3 format, but it can be adopted to be a useful tool for the service of teaching/learning of languages. This method is based on an easy to use technology that makes it possible for learners to work, at their own pace/rhythm, the oral comprehension of a foreign language. It is a question of supporting the personalization (but not only) of what audio files (short, long) each user should listen to. These files are created by the teacher and uploaded on a Web based distance-learning platform. So, these audio resources are available permanently on the server and can be downloaded by learners at any time. The proposed method is designed for a diversified population and allows the development and the maintenance of knowledge throughout the life. © 2006, Idea Group Inc.},
	booktitle = {Handbook of {Research} on {Mobile} {Multimedia}},
	author = {Djoudi, Mahieddine and Harous, Saad},
	year = {2006},
	doi = {10.4018/978-1-59140-866-6.ch025},
	keywords = {Language Reading Comprehension},
	pages = {368--382},
}

In this chapter, we present an approach for mobile learning that aims at equipping learners by portable MP3 players. As known, the primary use of this device is to listen to music in MP3 format, but it can be adopted to be a useful tool for the service of teaching/learning of languages. This method is based on an easy to use technology that makes it possible for learners to work, at their own pace/rhythm, the oral comprehension of a foreign language. It is a question of supporting the personalization (but not only) of what audio files (short, long) each user should listen to. These files are created by the teacher and uploaded on a Web based distance-learning platform. So, these audio resources are available permanently on the server and can be downloaded by learners at any time. The proposed method is designed for a diversified population and allows the development and the maintenance of knowledge throughout the life. © 2006, Idea Group Inc.

@inproceedings{talhi_assistance_2006,
	title = {Assistance à l'apprenant à distance par tuteur intelligent hypermédia},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	booktitle = {Journées d'étude sur les {TIC}, {JeTIC2006}, {Bechar}, {Algérie}},
	author = {Talhi, Said and Djoudi, Mahieddine and Batouche, Mohamed},
	year = {2006},
	keywords = {Intelligent Tutoring Systems},
}

@inproceedings{harous_multi-agents_2006,
	title = {A {Multi}-{Agents} {System} to {Support} a {Virtual} {Laboratory}},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	booktitle = {{iiWAS}'2006 - {The} {Eighth} {International} {Conference} on {Information} {Integration} and {Web}-based {Applications} {Services}, {Yogyakarta}, {Indonesia}. {ISBN} 3-85403-214-5},
	author = {Harous, Saad and Mechta, Djamila and Djoudi, Mahieddine and Douar, Amel},
	year = {2006},
	keywords = {Virtual Laboratory},
	pages = {477--484},
}

@inproceedings{mechta_conception_2006,
	title = {Conception d'un système multi-agents pour le soutien des {Télé}-{TP} sur {Internet} dans un laboratoire virtuel},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	booktitle = {Conférence {Internationale} sur l'{Informatique} et ses {Applications}, {CIIA}'2006, {Saida} - {Algérie}},
	author = {Mechta, Djamila and Harous, Saad and Djoudi, Mahieddine and Douar, Amel},
	year = {2006},
	keywords = {Virtual Laboratory},
}

@article{khentout_evaluation_2006,
	title = {Evaluation {Tool} for {Distance} {Learning} {Platform}},
	volume = {5},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	number = {2},
	journal = {Asian Journal of Information Technology (AJIT), ISSN: 1682-3915},
	author = {Khentout, Chabane and Djoudi, Mahieddine and Douidi, Lamri},
	year = {2006},
	keywords = {ELearning Assessment \& Evaluation},
	pages = {225--231},
}

@article{zidat_online_2006,
	title = {Online {Evaluation} of {Ibn} {Sina} {Elearning} {Environment}},
	volume = {5},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	doi = {10.3923/itj.2006.409.415},
	number = {3},
	journal = {Information Technology Journal (ITJ), ISSN: 1812-5638},
	author = {Zidat, Samir and Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {2006},
	keywords = {ELearning Assessment \& Evaluation},
	pages = {409--415},
}

@inproceedings{mediani_conception_2006,
	title = {Conception et réalisation d'un outil de mémorisation des traces de l'apprenant à base d'agents intelligents dans un environnement numérique de travail},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	booktitle = {Conférence {Internationale} sur l'{Informatique} et ses {Applications}, {CIIA}'2006, {Saida} - {Algérie}},
	author = {Mediani, Chahrazed and Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {2006},
	keywords = {Learner Modeling},
}

@inproceedings{douar_realite_2006,
	title = {Réalité virtuelle au service de l'apprentissage sur le web},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	booktitle = {Journées d'étude sur les {TIC}, {JeTIC2006}, {Bechar}, {Algérie}},
	author = {Douar, Amel and Djoudi, Mahieddine and Harous, Saad and Mechta, Djamila},
	year = {2006},
	keywords = {Virtual Laboratory},
}

@inproceedings{mediani_architecture_2006,
	title = {Une architecture à base d'agents intelligents pour la modélisation du comportement de l'apprenant dans un environnement d'apprentissage coopératif à distance},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	booktitle = {23éme {Congrès} de l'{Association} {Internationale} de {Pédagogie} {Universitaire} ({AIPU}) {Monastir} 2006},
	author = {Mediani, Chahrazed and Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {2006},
	keywords = {Learner Modeling},
}

@inproceedings{merzougui_approche_2006,
	title = {Approche de production de documents pédagogiques multimédias},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	booktitle = {Journées d'étude sur les {TIC}, {JeTIC2006}, {Bechar}, {Algérie}},
	author = {Merzougui, Ghalia and Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {2006},
	keywords = {Elearning Authoring Tools},
}

@inproceedings{zidat_assessing_2006,
	title = {Assessing learner's involvement in a collaborative resolution of tasks},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	abstract = {In this article, we are interested in the tasks collaborative resolution in a distance collective learning context, and in the use of information technology to support this activity. A part of this article is devoted to the modeling of the activity of tasks collaborative resolution. Then, we suggest an approach for the automatic perception of the good quality of the users' contribution. This approach is mainly based on the design of an on-line tool of tasks resolution using the semi-structured resolution by acts of language. The results obtained during the experiment, seem to confirm our assumption of the possibility to automate the process of the involvement appreciation which is reason to carry further research.},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the {International} {Conference} on {Computer} {Science} and its {Applications}},
	author = {Zidat, Samir and Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {2006},
	keywords = {ELearning Assessment \& Evaluation},
}

In this article, we are interested in the tasks collaborative resolution in a distance collective learning context, and in the use of information technology to support this activity. A part of this article is devoted to the modeling of the activity of tasks collaborative resolution. Then, we suggest an approach for the automatic perception of the good quality of the users' contribution. This approach is mainly based on the design of an on-line tool of tasks resolution using the semi-structured resolution by acts of language. The results obtained during the experiment, seem to confirm our assumption of the possibility to automate the process of the involvement appreciation which is reason to carry further research.

@article{douidi_avunet_2006,
	title = {{AVUNET} {Author}: {An} {Authoring} {System} for {Distance} {Learning} {Platform}},
	volume = {2},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	abstract = {An authoring system was presented in this study, “AVUNET Author” which allows the creation of interactive learning object within a distance teaching platform on the Internet. For the conception of this system, we stated with the assumption that the content of distance teaching is not just to put online the content used for classroom teaching. In addition to the classical functions such as editing and formatting a text, the system is enriched with functions to cater for the needs of the instructor designing the course content. The users can thus generate automatically the table of contents, create questions for evaluation purpose and manage the bibliographical references. The graphical construction of the content allows an easy manipulation and a better course structure for a later adaptation to the learner’s profiles. We started experimenting with the system at the University of Sétif in collaboration with a group of computer science instructors.},
	number = {3},
	journal = {Journal of Computer Science},
	author = {Douidi, Lamri and Djoudi, Mahieddine and Khentout, Chabane},
	year = {2006},
	keywords = {Elearning Authoring Tools},
	pages = {249--256},
}

An authoring system was presented in this study, “AVUNET Author” which allows the creation of interactive learning object within a distance teaching platform on the Internet. For the conception of this system, we stated with the assumption that the content of distance teaching is not just to put online the content used for classroom teaching. In addition to the classical functions such as editing and formatting a text, the system is enriched with functions to cater for the needs of the instructor designing the course content. The users can thus generate automatically the table of contents, create questions for evaluation purpose and manage the bibliographical references. The graphical construction of the content allows an easy manipulation and a better course structure for a later adaptation to the learner’s profiles. We started experimenting with the system at the University of Sétif in collaboration with a group of computer science instructors.

@inproceedings{harbouche_environnement_2006,
	title = {Environnement numérique de travail à base d'agents},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	booktitle = {Conférence {Internationale} sur l'{Informatique} et ses {Applications}, {CIIA}'2006, {Saida} - {Algérie}},
	author = {Harbouche, Khadidja and Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {2006},
	keywords = {Elearning Architecture},
}

@inproceedings{harous_design_2006,
	title = {Design of {Ergonomic} {Interfaces}},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	booktitle = {The {International} {Workshop} on {Trustworthy} {Ubiquitous} {Computing} ({TwUC2006}) {Yogyakarta}, {Indonesia}},
	author = {Harous, Saad and Douar, Amel and Djoudi, Mahieddine and Mechta, Djamila},
	year = {2006},
	keywords = {Virtual Laboratory},
	pages = {413--419},
}

@inproceedings{douidi_outils_2005,
	title = {Outils de collaboration support à l'apprentissage dans {AVUNET}},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	booktitle = {Congrès {International} en {Informatique} {Appliquée}, {CIIA}'05, {Bordj} {Bou} {Arréridj}, {Algérie}.},
	author = {Douidi, Lamri and Djoudi, Mahieddine and Khentout, Chabane},
	year = {2005},
	keywords = {Elearning Authoring Tools},
}

@article{behaz_generation_2005,
	title = {Génération dynamique de documents hypermédias adaptatifs dans un environnement numérique de travail},
	volume = {3},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	journal = {Revue Africaine de la Recherche en Informatique et Mathématiques Appliquées (ARIMA), ISSN 1638-5713},
	author = {Behaz, Amel and Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {2005},
	keywords = {Adaptive Learning},
	pages = {pp 25--53},
}

@inproceedings{deshoullieres_ipinfo_2005,
	title = {{IPinfo}, un environnement informatisé pour les formations à la maîtrise de l'information : {Etude} d'usage},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	booktitle = {World {Library} and {Information} {Congress} : 71th {IFLA} {General} {Conference} and {Council}, {Oslo}, {Norway}},
	author = {Deshoullieres, Bruno and Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {2005},
	keywords = {Information Literacy},
}

@inproceedings{bilami_selection_2005,
	title = {Une sélection de paquets avec routage automatique pour un commutateur à tampons en entrées},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	booktitle = {Conférence {Internationale}: {Sciences} {Electroniques}, {Technologies} de l'{Information} et des {Télécommunications}, {IEEE} {SETIT} 2005, {Sousse}, {Tunisie}, {ISBN} 9973-41-902-2, actes sur {CDROM}},
	author = {Bilami, Azeddine and Lalam, Mohamed and Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {2005},
	keywords = {Modelisation},
}

@inproceedings{douidi_avunet_2005,
	title = {{AVUNET} {Author} : an {Authoring} {System} for {Distance} {Learning}},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	booktitle = {{IEEE} {International} {Computer} {Systems} \& {Information} {Technology} {Conference}, {ICSIT05}, {Algiers}, {Algeria}},
	author = {Douidi, Lamri and Khentout, Chabane and Djoudi, Mahieddine and Harous, Saad},
	year = {2005},
	keywords = {Elearning Authoring Tools},
}

@inproceedings{behaz_edition_2005,
	title = {Edition sémantique pour la production de différents formats de sortie {HTML}, {PDF} et {SMIL} à partir d'un même document de base},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	booktitle = {Congrès {International} en {Informatique} {Appliquée}, {CIIA}'05, {Bordj} {Bou} {Arréridj}, {Algérie}.},
	author = {Behaz, Amel and Merzougui, Ghalia and Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {2005},
	keywords = {Adaptive Learning},
}

@inproceedings{harous_graphical_2005,
	title = {A {Graphical} {Approach} to {Design} {Virtual} {Scenes} on the {Web}},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	booktitle = {7th {International} {Conference} on {Information} {Integration} and {Web}-based {Applications} \& {Services} {Kuala} {Lumpur}, {Malaysia}.},
	author = {Harous, Saad and Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {2005},
	keywords = {Virtual Laboratory},
}

@inproceedings{talhi_cooperative_2005,
	title = {A {Cooperative} {Design} of {Hymermedia} {Intelligent} {Tutoring} {Systems}},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	booktitle = {{IEEE} {International} {Computer} {Systems} \& {Information} {Technology} {Conference} , {ICSIT05}, {Algiers}, {Algeria}},
	author = {Talhi, Said and Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {2005},
	keywords = {Intelligent Tutoring Systems},
}

@inproceedings{khentout_avunet_2005,
	title = {{AVUNET} {Navigator} : un assistant à l'apprentissage sur le web},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	booktitle = {Congrès {International} en {Informatique} {Appliquée}, {CIIA}'05, {Bordj} {Bou} {Arréridj}, {Algérie}.},
	author = {Khentout, Chabane and Djoudi, Mahieddine and Douidi, Lamri},
	year = {2005},
	keywords = {Learner Support},
}

@inproceedings{talhi_formation_2005,
	title = {Formation à distance asynchrone sur le {Web} : {Un} {Système} {Tuteur} {Intelligent} basé sur l'{Hypermédia}},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	booktitle = {Conférence {Internationale}: {Sciences} {Electroniques}, {Technologies} de l'{Information} et des {Télécommunications}, {IEEE} {SETIT} 2005, {Sousse}, {Tunisie}, {ISBN} 9973-41-902-2, actes sur {CDROM}},
	author = {Talhi, Said and Djoudi, Mahieddine and Batouche, Mohamed and Ouadfel, Salima and Zidat, Samir and Zidani, Abdelmadjid},
	year = {2005},
	keywords = {Intelligent Tutoring Systems},
}

@inproceedings{zidat_demarche_2005,
	title = {Démarche pour l'évaluation de plate-formes d'enseignement à distance},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	booktitle = {Séminaire {Euro}-{Méditerranéen} pour l'{Approfondissement} de la {Formation} à {Distance}, {SEMAFORAD}, {Bejaia}, {Algérie}.},
	author = {Zidat, Samir and Djoudi, Mahieddine and Talhi, Said and Zidani, Abdelmadjid},
	year = {2005},
	keywords = {ELearning Assessment \& Evaluation},
}

@inproceedings{talhi_systeme_2005,
	title = {Un système tuteur intelligent hypermédia pour l'apprentissage à distance asynchrone},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	booktitle = {Congrès {International} en {Informatique} {Appliquée}, {CIIA}'05, {Bordj} {Bou} {Arréridj}, {Algérie}.},
	author = {Talhi, Said and Djoudi, Mahieddine and Zidat, Samir and Batouche, Mohamed},
	year = {2005},
	keywords = {Intelligent Tutoring Systems},
}

@inproceedings{zidat_resolution_2005,
	title = {Résolution collaborative d'exercices en situation d'apprentissage à distance},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	booktitle = {Conférence {Internationale}: {Sciences} {Electroniques}, {Technologies} de l'{Information} et des {Télécommunications}, {IEEE} {SETIT} 2005, {Sousse}, {TUNISIE}, {ISBN} 9973-41-902-2, actes sur {CDROM}},
	author = {Zidat, Samir and Djoudi, Mahieddine and Zidani, Abdelmadjid and Talhi, Said},
	year = {2005},
	keywords = {ELearning Assessment \& Evaluation},
}

@inproceedings{talhi_realisation_2005,
	title = {Réalisation coopérative de tuteurs intelligents hypermédias},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	booktitle = {Séminaire {Euro}-{Méditerranéen} pour l'{Approfondissement} de la {Formation} à {Distance}, {SEMAFORAD}, {Béjaia}, {Algérie}.},
	author = {Talhi, Said and Djoudi, Mahieddine and Batouche, Mohamed},
	year = {2005},
	keywords = {Intelligent Tutoring Systems},
}

@inproceedings{behaz_approche_2005,
	title = {Approche de production de documents pédagogiques multimédias multi-formats},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	booktitle = {Séminaire {Euro}-{Mditerranéen} pour l'{Approfondissement} de la {Formation} à {Distance}, {SEMAFORAD}, {Bejaia}, {Algérie}.},
	author = {Behaz, Amel and Merzougui, Ghalia and Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {2005},
	keywords = {Adaptive Learning},
}

@inproceedings{zidat_appreciation_2005,
	title = {Appréciation de la participation des apprenants en situation de résolution collaborative d'exercices},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	booktitle = {Congrès {International} en {Informatique} {Appliquée}, {CIIA}'05, {Bordj} {Bou} {Arréridj}, {Algérie}.},
	author = {Zidat, Samir and Djoudi, Mahieddine and Zidani, Abdelmadjid and Talhi, Said},
	year = {2005},
	keywords = {ELearning Assessment \& Evaluation},
}

@inproceedings{mediani_modelisation_2005,
	title = {Modélisation de l'apprenant dans un environnement d'apprentissage collaboratif},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	booktitle = {Congrès {International} en {Informatique} {Appliquée}, {CIIA}'05, {Bordj} {Bou} {Arréridj}, {Algérie}.},
	author = {Mediani, Chahrazed and Harbouche, Khadidja and Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {2005},
	keywords = {Learner Modeling},
}

@inproceedings{djoudi_system_2005,
	title = {System to {Simplify} the {Navigation} {Process} over the {Web}},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	booktitle = {{IEEE} {International} {Computer} {Systems} \& {Information} {Technology} {Conference}, {ICSIT05}, {Algiers}, {Algeria}},
	author = {Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {2005},
	keywords = {Web Navigation Assistance},
}

@inproceedings{djoudi_utilisation_2005,
	title = {Utilisation de la langue {Arabe} en {Elearning}},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	booktitle = {2ème {Congrès} {International} : {Ingénierie} de l'{Arabe} et {Ingénierie} de la langue {IAIL2005} {Alger} - {Algérie}},
	author = {Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {2005},
	keywords = {Elearning},
}

@inproceedings{harbouche_environnement_2005,
	title = {Environnement numérique d'apprentissage à distance a base d'agents},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	booktitle = {Congrès {International} en {Informatique} {Appliquée}, {CIIA}'05, {Bordj} {Bou} {Arréridj}, {Algérie}.},
	author = {Harbouche, Khadidja and Mediani, Chahrazed and Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {2005},
	keywords = {Elearning Architecture},
}

@inproceedings{douidi_integration_2005,
	title = {Integration d”un outil d'évaluation de l'apprenant dans un système auteur},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	booktitle = {Conférence {Internationale}: {Sciences} {Electroniques}, {Technologies} de l'{Information} et des {Télécommunications}, {IEEE} {SETIT} 2005, {Sousse}, {Tunisie}, {ISBN} 9973-41-902-2, actes sur {CDROM}},
	author = {Douidi, Lamri and Djoudi, Mahieddine and Khentout, Chabane},
	year = {2005},
	keywords = {Elearning Authoring Tools},
}

@inproceedings{khentout_evaluation_2004,
	title = {Evaluation en ligne de l'environnement {AVUNET}},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	booktitle = {{CISC}'04 {The} {International} {Conference} on {Complex} {Systems}, {Jijel}, {Algeria}., p 48, actes sur {CDROM}.},
	author = {Khentout, Chabane and Djoudi, Mahieddine and Douidi, Lamri},
	year = {2004},
	keywords = {ELearning Assessment \& Evaluation},
}

@inproceedings{douidi_place_2004,
	title = {Place de l'{Algérie} dans le monde des {TIC}},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	booktitle = {Séminaire {International} sur le {Commerce} {Electronique}, {Ouargla} - {Algérie}},
	author = {Douidi, Lamri and Khentout, Chabane and Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {2004},
	keywords = {Information \& Communication Technologies},
}

@inproceedings{behaz_approche_2004,
	title = {Approche de modélisation et d'adaptation des documents pédagogiques hypermédias},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	booktitle = {4eme {Séminaire} {National} sur l'{Informatique} de {Biskra} ({SNIB}'04), {Biskra} - {Algérie}},
	author = {Behaz, Amel and Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {2004},
	keywords = {Adaptive Learning},
}

@article{deshoullieres_ipinfo_2004,
	title = {{IPinfo}, un système d'information et de communication pour les formations à la maîtrise de l'information},
	volume = {11},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	journal = {Revue Sci. et Tech. Info. et Com. pour Edu. et Formation (STICEF), ISSN : 1764-7223.},
	author = {Deshoullieres, Bruno and Moreau, Stephanie and Djoudi, Mahieddine and Dinet, Jerome},
	year = {2004},
	keywords = {Information Literacy},
}

@inproceedings{djoudi_commerce_2004,
	title = {Le commerce electronique en {Algérie} à travers le projet {ELABWEB}},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	booktitle = {Séminaire {International} sur le {Commerce} {Electronique}, {Ouargla} - {Algérie}},
	author = {Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {2004},
	keywords = {Information \& Communication Technologies},
	pages = {15--16},
}

@inproceedings{harous_learner_2004,
	title = {Learner {Evaluation} {System} for {Distance} {Education}},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	booktitle = {Sixth {International} {Conference} on {Integration} and {Web}-{Based} {Application} \& {Services} ({iiWAS2004}), {Jakarta}, {Indonesia}},
	author = {Harous, Saad and Douidi, Lamri and Djoudi, Mahieddine and Khentout, Chabane},
	year = {2004},
	keywords = {ELearning Assessment \& Evaluation},
	pages = {579--586},
}

@inproceedings{merzougui_editeur_2004,
	title = {Editeur de cours médiatisés en {SMIL}},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	booktitle = {Conférence {Internationale}: {Sciences} {Electroniques}, {Technologies} de l'{Information} et des {Télécommunications}, {IEEE} {SETIT} 2004, {ISBN} 9973-41-902-2, {Sousse}, {Tunisie}},
	author = {Merzougui, Ghalia and Djoudi, Mahieddine and Zidani, Abdelmadjid},
	year = {2004},
	keywords = {Elearning Authoring Tools},
}

@inproceedings{ouchen_wen-vecole_2004,
	title = {{WEN}-{VECOLE} : navigateur web avec pour l'apprentissage à distance},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	booktitle = {Journées d'{Etudes} {Nationales} sur l'{Internet} et la {Didactique} des {Sciences}, {ENSET} d'{Oran}},
	author = {Ouchen, Nawel and Boumaraf, Karima and Talhi, Said and Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {2004},
	keywords = {Web Navigation Assistance},
}

@inproceedings{djoudi_initiatives_2004,
	title = {Initiatives de recherche dans le domaine de la nouvelle économie fondée sur le savoir},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	booktitle = {Séminaire international sur les métiers de l'économie fondée sur le savoir, {Alger}},
	author = {Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {2004},
	keywords = {Information \& Communication Technologies},
}

@inproceedings{harous_evaluation_2004,
	title = {Evaluation {System} for {AVUNET} {Environment}},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	booktitle = {Sixth {International} {Conference} on {Integration} and {Web}-{Based} {Application} \& {Services} ({iiWAS2004}), {Jakarta}, {Indonesia}},
	author = {Harous, Saad and Khentout, Chabane and Djoudi, Mahieddine and Douidi, Lamri},
	year = {2004},
	keywords = {ELearning Assessment \& Evaluation},
	pages = {613--620},
}

@inproceedings{harous_authoring_2004,
	title = {An {Authoring} {System} for {Distance} {Education}},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	booktitle = {{IADIS} {International} e-{Society} 2004 {Conference}, {Avila}, {Spain}, {ISBN}: 972-98947-5-2},
	author = {Harous, Saad and Douidi, Lamri and Djoudi, Mahieddine and Khentout, Chabane},
	year = {2004},
	keywords = {Elearning Authoring Tools},
	pages = {387--394},
}

@inproceedings{douidi_systeme_2004,
	title = {Un système auteur pour l'enseignement à distance},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	booktitle = {Conférence {Internationale}: {Sciences} {Electroniques}, {Technologies} de l'{Information} et des {Télécommunications}, {IEEE} {SETIT} 2004, {Sousse}, {Tunisie}, {ISBN} 9973-41-902-2, actes sur {CDROM}},
	author = {Douidi, Lamri and Djoudi, Mahieddine and Khentout, Chabane},
	year = {2004},
	keywords = {Elearning Authoring Tools},
}

@inproceedings{merzougui_editor_2004,
	title = {Editor of {Courses} {Mediatized} on {SMIL}},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	booktitle = {2004 {International} {Arab} {Conference} on {Information} {Technology} ({ACIT}'2004) {Constantine}, {Algeria}, {ISSN}: 1812-0857},
	author = {Merzougui, Ghalia and Djoudi, Mahieddine and Zidani, Abdelmadjid},
	year = {2004},
	keywords = {Elearning Authoring Tools},
}

@inproceedings{zidat_collaborative_2004,
	title = {Collaborative {Resolution} of {Exercises} in {Situation} of {Distance} {Learning}},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	booktitle = {2004 {International} {Arab} {Conference} on {Information} {Technology} ({ACIT}'2004) {Constantine}, {Algeria}, {ISSN}: 1812-0857},
	author = {Zidat, Samir and Djoudi, Mahieddine and Zidani, Abdelmadjid and Talhi, Said},
	year = {2004},
	keywords = {ELearning Assessment \& Evaluation},
}

@inproceedings{ouchen_navigateur_2003,
	title = {Navigateur {Web} pour l'enseigment à distance},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	booktitle = {Congrès {International} {Annuel} sur l'arabisation des sciences, {Le} {Caire}, {Egypte}},
	author = {Ouchen, Nawel and Boumaraf, Karima and Talhi, Said and Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {2003},
	keywords = {Web Navigation Assistance},
}

@inproceedings{behaz_approche_2003,
	title = {Approche de modélisation et d'adaptation des documents pédagogiques hypermédias en enseignement à distance},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	booktitle = {6e {Colloque} {International} sur le {Document} {Electronique}, {CIDE}'6, {ISBN} 2-909285-24-3, {Caen}, {France},},
	author = {Behaz, Amel and Djoudi, Mahieddine and Zidani, Abdelmadjid},
	year = {2003},
	keywords = {Adaptive Learning},
	pages = {61--76.},
}

@inproceedings{harous_cooperative_2003,
	title = {A cooperative authoring system for intelligent tutoring systems},
	volume = {2},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	abstract = {In this paper, we present a system for the co-operative design of intelligent tutoring systems. Built based on a client-server architecture, the system allows several authors geographically scattered to collaborate to produce such tutors together. We consider, within this framework, the creation of a shared workspace gathering all the tools necessary to the co-operative development of an intelligent tutor. We define in this context the mechanism needed to manage the notification and feedback of the group and, as for any distributed system, we define the supporting tools to ensure the integrity of data dispersed through the various concerned sites.},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the {International} {Conference} on {Internet} {Computing}},
	author = {Harous, Saad and Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {2003},
	keywords = {Intelligent Tutoring Systems},
	pages = {723--729},
}

In this paper, we present a system for the co-operative design of intelligent tutoring systems. Built based on a client-server architecture, the system allows several authors geographically scattered to collaborate to produce such tutors together. We consider, within this framework, the creation of a shared workspace gathering all the tools necessary to the co-operative development of an intelligent tutor. We define in this context the mechanism needed to manage the notification and feedback of the group and, as for any distributed system, we define the supporting tools to ensure the integrity of data dispersed through the various concerned sites.

@inproceedings{boussouf_wit-vecole_2003,
	title = {{WIT}-{VECOLE} : un système intelligent pour l'enseigment à distance},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	booktitle = {Congrès {International} {Annuel} sur l'arabisation des sciences, {Le} {Caire}, {Egypte}},
	author = {Boussouf, Samia and Belkout, Louiza and Talhi, Said and Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {2003},
	keywords = {Intelligent Tutoring Systems},
}

@techreport{djoudi_conception_2003,
	address = {Poitiers},
	title = {Conception d'assistants à la navigation pour faciliter la recherche d'information sur le web},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	author = {Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {2003},
	note = {Publication Title: Equipe IRMA, University of Poitiers},
	keywords = {Web Navigation Assistance},
}

@inproceedings{djoudi_simulation_2003,
	title = {Simulation de la dynamique de populations cellulaires basée sur le modèle de {Rotenberg}},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	booktitle = {Première {Conférence} {Internationale} sur les {Modèles} et {Méthodes} {Mathématiques} et {Informatiques} en {Dynamique} de {Population}, {CIMMIDP1}, {Tlemcen}, {Algérie}},
	author = {Djoudi, Mahieddine and Boulanouar, Mohamed},
	year = {2003},
	keywords = {Modelisation},
}

@inproceedings{khadraoui_experience_2002,
	address = {Batna, Algérie},
	title = {Une expérience de télé-experimentation en physique via {Internet}},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	url = {http://djoudi.online.fr/publications/files/2002_10_2830_CNPA02_Batna_Khadraoui.pdf},
	abstract = {Le travail décrit dans cet article s’inscrit dans le contexte des environnements d’apprentissage à distance dont l’objet est de mettre en ligne des cours interactifs et des programmes complets de formation accessibles via le réseau Internet. Bien que ces environnements de formation favorisent l’atteinte de plusieurs objectifs pédagogiques, la réalisation effective des expériences de laboratoire à travers le réseau n’est pas encore très répandue. Pourtant, dans très nombreux domaines, notamment en sciences expérimentales, les expériences de laboratoire jouent un rôle essentiel dans le processus d’apprentissage et amènent une dimension importante à tout enseignement théorique. Notre travail consiste à concevoir et à réaliser un prototype d’un système logiciel pour la télé-expérimentation en physique via Internet (laboratoire virtuel). A partir d’une étude assez détaillée des laboratoires conventionnels, en particulier leurs structures et leurs objectifs pédagogiques, nous avons établi une structure propre aux laboratoires virtuels tout en détectant leurs avantages mais aussi leurs risques sur le plan éducatif. Pour mettre en place un tel outil de laboratoire virtuel, nous proposons un logiciel qui simule la célèbre expérience en physique dont l’objet est de déterminer, par la méthode statique, la raideur d’un ressort.},
	booktitle = {Colloque {National} sur la physique et apllications ({CNPA02}) {Batna} ({Algérie})},
	author = {Khadraoui, Fairouz and Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {2002},
	keywords = {Virtual Laboratory},
}

Le travail décrit dans cet article s’inscrit dans le contexte des environnements d’apprentissage à distance dont l’objet est de mettre en ligne des cours interactifs et des programmes complets de formation accessibles via le réseau Internet. Bien que ces environnements de formation favorisent l’atteinte de plusieurs objectifs pédagogiques, la réalisation effective des expériences de laboratoire à travers le réseau n’est pas encore très répandue. Pourtant, dans très nombreux domaines, notamment en sciences expérimentales, les expériences de laboratoire jouent un rôle essentiel dans le processus d’apprentissage et amènent une dimension importante à tout enseignement théorique. Notre travail consiste à concevoir et à réaliser un prototype d’un système logiciel pour la télé-expérimentation en physique via Internet (laboratoire virtuel). A partir d’une étude assez détaillée des laboratoires conventionnels, en particulier leurs structures et leurs objectifs pédagogiques, nous avons établi une structure propre aux laboratoires virtuels tout en détectant leurs avantages mais aussi leurs risques sur le plan éducatif. Pour mettre en place un tel outil de laboratoire virtuel, nous proposons un logiciel qui simule la célèbre expérience en physique dont l’objet est de déterminer, par la méthode statique, la raideur d’un ressort.

@inproceedings{djoudi_edition_2002,
	title = {Edition coopérative de cours structurés dans l'environnement {CHELIA}},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	url = {http://djoudi.online.fr/publications/files/2002_01_09_EditCoop_SemInter_Alger.pdf},
	abstract = {Le travail décrit dans cet article s’inscrit dans le contexte des environnements coopératifs d’apprentissage à distance, dont l’objet est de favoriser la construction des connaissances de manière collective à travers des moyens informatiques. Il s’agit plus particulièrement de la conception et l’intégration d’un éditeur coopératif dans un environnement distribué appelé CHELIA supportant l’apprentissage coopératif sur l’Internet.},
	booktitle = {Séminaire international : {Méthodologie} de conception du cours {Ecrit} en {EAD}},
	author = {Djoudi, Mahieddine and Zidani, Abdelmadjid and Zidat, Samir and Talhi, Said},
	year = {2002},
	keywords = {Collaborative Work},
}

Le travail décrit dans cet article s’inscrit dans le contexte des environnements coopératifs d’apprentissage à distance, dont l’objet est de favoriser la construction des connaissances de manière collective à travers des moyens informatiques. Il s’agit plus particulièrement de la conception et l’intégration d’un éditeur coopératif dans un environnement distribué appelé CHELIA supportant l’apprentissage coopératif sur l’Internet.

@inproceedings{herrouz_conception_2002,
	title = {Conception d'un {Système} d'{Assistance} à la {Navigation} et à l'{Apprentissage} sur {Internet} : {SANA}},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	url = {http://djoudi.online.fr/publications/files/2002_05_06_MCSEAI_Annaba_Herrouz.pdf},
	booktitle = {Seventh {Maghrebian} {Conference} on {Computer} {Sciences} (7th {MCSEAI}), {Annaba}, {Tome} 1, pp 59-76.},
	author = {Herrouz, Abdelhakim and Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {2002},
	keywords = {Web Navigation Assistance},
}

@inproceedings{zidat_chelia_2002,
	title = {{CHELIA} : {Une} {Plate}-{Forme} {Coopérative} pour l'{Apprentissage} sur {Internet}},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	url = {http://djoudi.online.fr/publications/files/2002_05_15_UFC_Zidat_CHELIA.pdf},
	abstract = {. L'objectif de cet article est la présentation de CHELIA, un environnement d'apprentissage coopératif à distance intégrant les concepts de base de l’interaction de groupe, de communication et d’assistance à l’apprentissage. Nous partons d’une plate-forme d'enseignement à distance constituée d'un serveur éducatif pour greffer progressivement ensuite un module de communication synchrone, un éditeur partagé, un outil d’auto-évaluation et un outil d’aide à la navigation à travers la structure hyper textuelle du serveur éducatif. Notre démarche conceptuelle repose sur une architecture ouverte pour l’environnement intégré CHELIA afin de lui permettre d’accueillir plusieurs applications fournissant l’assistance requise par les activités d’apprentissage coopératif à distance. Dans cet article, nous exposons les différents choix que nous avons adoptés afin de faciliter l’utilisation de l’environnement par les apprenants et de répondre au problème de l’isolement en formation à distance ainsi que l’individualisme qui en découle},
	booktitle = {2eme {Colloque} international sur l'université virtuelle, {Alger}},
	author = {Zidat, Samir and Zidani, Abdelmadjid and Djoudi, Mahieddine and Talhi, Said},
	year = {2002},
	keywords = {Collaborative Learning},
}

. L'objectif de cet article est la présentation de CHELIA, un environnement d'apprentissage coopératif à distance intégrant les concepts de base de l’interaction de groupe, de communication et d’assistance à l’apprentissage. Nous partons d’une plate-forme d'enseignement à distance constituée d'un serveur éducatif pour greffer progressivement ensuite un module de communication synchrone, un éditeur partagé, un outil d’auto-évaluation et un outil d’aide à la navigation à travers la structure hyper textuelle du serveur éducatif. Notre démarche conceptuelle repose sur une architecture ouverte pour l’environnement intégré CHELIA afin de lui permettre d’accueillir plusieurs applications fournissant l’assistance requise par les activités d’apprentissage coopératif à distance. Dans cet article, nous exposons les différents choix que nous avons adoptés afin de faciliter l’utilisation de l’environnement par les apprenants et de répondre au problème de l’isolement en formation à distance ainsi que l’individualisme qui en découle

@inproceedings{djoudi_environment_2002,
	title = {An {Environment} for co-operative learning over the {Internet}},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	url = {http://djoudi.online.fr/publications/files/2002_06_24_ICAI_Harous_Coop_Author.pdf},
	abstract = {In this paper, we present a cooperative learning platform on the Internet. This platform is an environment and a distance learning system. It is made up of an educational server that allows access to the available courses on the site. The server is structured in pedagogical labs that respond to the user needs. It offers also a module for self-evaluation so that the user can evaluate his/her level. Trainers have created this facility very carefully to assure a detailed evaluation with very accurate solutions. Based on the model of “telephone ring”, the system proposes facilities for communication and collaboration in order to bring the trainers and the learners closer to each other. This forum of trainers and learners allow the users to exchange information and their experiences pedagogic. These experiences are acquired by the use of computer aided tools for virtual navigation through structured hypertext documents. The user actions during a learning or navigation session are analyzed},
	booktitle = {International {Conference} on {Internet} {Computing} ({IC}'2002), {Las} {Vegas}, {Nevada}, {USA}},
	author = {Djoudi, Mahieddine and Harous, Saad},
	year = {2002},
	keywords = {Collaborative Learning},
	pages = {1060--1066},
}

In this paper, we present a cooperative learning platform on the Internet. This platform is an environment and a distance learning system. It is made up of an educational server that allows access to the available courses on the site. The server is structured in pedagogical labs that respond to the user needs. It offers also a module for self-evaluation so that the user can evaluate his/her level. Trainers have created this facility very carefully to assure a detailed evaluation with very accurate solutions. Based on the model of “telephone ring”, the system proposes facilities for communication and collaboration in order to bring the trainers and the learners closer to each other. This forum of trainers and learners allow the users to exchange information and their experiences pedagogic. These experiences are acquired by the use of computer aided tools for virtual navigation through structured hypertext documents. The user actions during a learning or navigation session are analyzed

@inproceedings{touari_saweb_2002,
	address = {Batna},
	title = {{SAWEB} : système d'évaluation en ligne des enseignements},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	url = {http://djoudi.online.fr/publications/files/2002_10_2830_CNPA02_Batna_Saweb.pdf},
	abstract = {L’évaluation des enseignements est devenue depuis quelques années une pratique très courante dans les milieux universitaires, elle consiste en l’appréciation faite par les étudiants sur les différents paramètres pédagogiques des cours. Sa raison d’être est l’amélioration et la valorisation de l’enseignement. Le système SAWEB est une solution informatique en ligne de l’évaluation, elle compte deux catégories d’utilisateurs : les enseignants et les étudiants. Le système permet d’une manière interactive aux enseignants de créer les questionnaires et de consulter les résultats, et aux étudiants d’évaluer les enseignements dans lesquels ils sont inscrits. Les résultats selon la nature des questions peuvent revêtire plusieurs formes (histogrammes, secteurs, tableaux récapitulatifs et texte pour les commentaires).},
	booktitle = {Colloque {National} sur la physique et applications ({CNPA02}) {Batna} ({Algérie})},
	author = {Touari, Walid and Djabir, Mahmoud and Djoudi, Mahieddine and Zidat, Samir},
	year = {2002},
	keywords = {ELearning Assessment \& Evaluation},
}

L’évaluation des enseignements est devenue depuis quelques années une pratique très courante dans les milieux universitaires, elle consiste en l’appréciation faite par les étudiants sur les différents paramètres pédagogiques des cours. Sa raison d’être est l’amélioration et la valorisation de l’enseignement. Le système SAWEB est une solution informatique en ligne de l’évaluation, elle compte deux catégories d’utilisateurs : les enseignants et les étudiants. Le système permet d’une manière interactive aux enseignants de créer les questionnaires et de consulter les résultats, et aux étudiants d’évaluer les enseignements dans lesquels ils sont inscrits. Les résultats selon la nature des questions peuvent revêtire plusieurs formes (histogrammes, secteurs, tableaux récapitulatifs et texte pour les commentaires).

@inproceedings{ouchen_wen-vecole_2002,
	title = {{WEN}-{VECOLE} : {Navigateur} web avec annotations et marquage pour l'apprentissage à distance},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	url = {http://djoudi.online.fr/publications/files/2002_12_2829_WenVecole_Arabe_Alger.pdf},
	abstract = {Cet article décrit un navigateur web réalisé dans le cadre d’un projet de mise en œuvre d’un environnement d’enseignement à distance à l’université de Batna (l’environnement VECOLE : Virtual Environment for Collaborative Open LEarning). Le navigateur appelé WEN-VECOLE (WEb Navigator for VECOLE) est un composant parmi d’autres qui sont en cours de réalisation. Il s’agit d’un navigateur doté d’une interface bilingue arabe/français mettant à la disposition des usagers (les apprenants et les enseignants en particulier), outre les fonctionnalités essentielles qu’ils ont l’habitude de trouver dans tout autre navigateur, des outils permettant l’appropriation du contenu des documents en marquant les passages jugés importants, avec la possibilité de leurs associer des commentaires (annotations)},
	booktitle = {Conférence {Internationale} sur la langue arabe et les technologies de l'information, {Alger}},
	author = {Ouchen, Nawel and Boumaraf, Karima and Talhi, Said and Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {2002},
	keywords = {Web Navigation Assistance},
	pages = {68--75},
}

Cet article décrit un navigateur web réalisé dans le cadre d’un projet de mise en œuvre d’un environnement d’enseignement à distance à l’université de Batna (l’environnement VECOLE : Virtual Environment for Collaborative Open LEarning). Le navigateur appelé WEN-VECOLE (WEb Navigator for VECOLE) est un composant parmi d’autres qui sont en cours de réalisation. Il s’agit d’un navigateur doté d’une interface bilingue arabe/français mettant à la disposition des usagers (les apprenants et les enseignants en particulier), outre les fonctionnalités essentielles qu’ils ont l’habitude de trouver dans tout autre navigateur, des outils permettant l’appropriation du contenu des documents en marquant les passages jugés importants, avec la possibilité de leurs associer des commentaires (annotations)

@inproceedings{khentout_conception_2002,
	title = {Conception d'assistants pour l'enseignant et l'apprenant en enseignement sur le web,},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	url = {http://djoudi.online.fr/publications/files/2002_05_15_UFC_Khentout_Douidi.pdf},
	abstract = {Dans cet article, nous présentons une démarche de conception d’assistants à l’enseignant et à l’apprenant en situation d’apprentissage à distance au sein de l’université virtuelle algérienne sur Internet (AVUNET). Il s’agit de fournir à l’enseignant des outils pour la construction du contenu pédagogique et à l’apprenant des assistants graphique et cognitifs qui soient adaptatifs, flexibles et surtout facile à utiliser pour lui permettre de mieux assimiler les cours et qui le guide au mieux lors du processus d’apprentissage et de mémorisation},
	booktitle = {2eme {Colloque} international sur l'université virtuelle, {Alger}},
	author = {Khentout, Chabane and Douidi, Lamri and Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {2002},
	keywords = {Learner Support},
}

Dans cet article, nous présentons une démarche de conception d’assistants à l’enseignant et à l’apprenant en situation d’apprentissage à distance au sein de l’université virtuelle algérienne sur Internet (AVUNET). Il s’agit de fournir à l’enseignant des outils pour la construction du contenu pédagogique et à l’apprenant des assistants graphique et cognitifs qui soient adaptatifs, flexibles et surtout facile à utiliser pour lui permettre de mieux assimiler les cours et qui le guide au mieux lors du processus d’apprentissage et de mémorisation

@inproceedings{zidani_chelia_2002,
	title = {{CHELIA} : {Un} environnement coopératif pour le l'apprentissage sur {Internet}},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	url = {http://djoudi.online.fr/publications/files/2002_10_14_CARI_ Zidani_CHELIA.pdf},
	abstract = {L'objectif de cet article est la présentation de CHELIA, un environnement d'apprentissage coopératif à distance intégrant les concepts de base de l’interaction de groupe, de communication et d’assistance à l’apprentissage. Nous partons d’une plate-forme d'enseignement à distance constituée d'un serveur éducatif pour greffer progressivement ensuite un module de communication synchrone, un éditeur partagé et un outil d’aide à la navigation à travers la structure hyper textuelle du serveur éducatif. Notre démarche conceptuelle repose sur une architecture ouverte pour l’environnement intégré CHELIA afin de lui permettre d’accueillir plusieurs applications fournissant l’assistance requise par les activités d’apprentissage coopératif à distance. Dans cet article, nous exposons les différents choix que nous avons adoptés afin de faciliter l’utilisation de l’environnement par les apprenants et de répondre au problème de l’isolement en formation à distance ainsi que l’individualisme qui en découle.},
	booktitle = {6eme {Colloque} {CARI}'2002 de l'{INRIA}, {ISBN} : 2-7261-1214-5, {Yaoundé}, {Cameroun}},
	author = {Zidani, Abdelmadjid and Djoudi, Mahieddine and Zidat, Samir},
	year = {2002},
	keywords = {Collaborative Learning},
	pages = {339--346},
}

L'objectif de cet article est la présentation de CHELIA, un environnement d'apprentissage coopératif à distance intégrant les concepts de base de l’interaction de groupe, de communication et d’assistance à l’apprentissage. Nous partons d’une plate-forme d'enseignement à distance constituée d'un serveur éducatif pour greffer progressivement ensuite un module de communication synchrone, un éditeur partagé et un outil d’aide à la navigation à travers la structure hyper textuelle du serveur éducatif. Notre démarche conceptuelle repose sur une architecture ouverte pour l’environnement intégré CHELIA afin de lui permettre d’accueillir plusieurs applications fournissant l’assistance requise par les activités d’apprentissage coopératif à distance. Dans cet article, nous exposons les différents choix que nous avons adoptés afin de faciliter l’utilisation de l’environnement par les apprenants et de répondre au problème de l’isolement en formation à distance ainsi que l’individualisme qui en découle.

@inproceedings{talhi_camits_2002,
	title = {{CAMITS} : {Système} {Auteur} {Coopératif} de {Tuteurs} {Intelligents}},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	url = {http://djoudi.online.fr/publications/files/2002_10_20_CIDE_Tunisie_Talhi.pdf},
	abstract = {Dans cet article, nous présentons le système CAMITS pour la conception coopérative de systèmes tuteurs intelligents. Bâti sur une architecture client-serveur, le système permet à plusieurs auteurs géographiquement dispersés de collaborer pour produire ensemble de tels tuteurs. Nous envisageons, dans le cadre de ce travail, de leur créer un espace de travail partagé rassemblant tous les outils nécessaires à l’élaboration coopérative d’un tuteur intelligent. Nous définissons dans ce sens des mécanismes permettant de gérer la notification et rétroaction de groupe et, comme pour tout système distribué, nous définissons un support pour assurer l'intégrité des données dispersées à travers les différents sites impliqués},
	booktitle = {5e {Colloque} {International} sur le {Document} {Electronique} ({CIDE} 2002), {ISBN} : 2-7261-1223-4, {Hammamet}, {Tunisie}},
	author = {Talhi, Said and Djoudi, Mahieddine and Zidani, Abdelmadjid},
	year = {2002},
	keywords = {Intelligent Tutoring Systems},
	pages = {107--121},
}

Dans cet article, nous présentons le système CAMITS pour la conception coopérative de systèmes tuteurs intelligents. Bâti sur une architecture client-serveur, le système permet à plusieurs auteurs géographiquement dispersés de collaborer pour produire ensemble de tels tuteurs. Nous envisageons, dans le cadre de ce travail, de leur créer un espace de travail partagé rassemblant tous les outils nécessaires à l’élaboration coopérative d’un tuteur intelligent. Nous définissons dans ce sens des mécanismes permettant de gérer la notification et rétroaction de groupe et, comme pour tout système distribué, nous définissons un support pour assurer l'intégrité des données dispersées à travers les différents sites impliqués

@inproceedings{douidi_langue_2002,
	title = {Langue arabe en enseignement à distance dans {AVUNET}},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	url = {http://djoudi.online.fr/publications/files/2002_12_2829_Avunet_Arabe_Alger.pdf},
	abstract = {L’université virtuelle algérienne AVUNET (Algerian Virtual University on the NET) se veut un environnement trilingue (arabe, français et anglais) pour l’enseignement et l’apprentissage à distance exploitant les technologies de l’information et de la communication et particulièrement l’Internet et l’hypermédia. Dans AVUNET, nous cherchons à élargir le modèle d’usage de l’Internet pour mieux l’adapter à l’enseignement et à l’apprentissage à distance en Algérie en y intégrant les solutions aux problèmes soulevés par la conception de contenus, son accès par des apprenants utilisateurs et la prise en compte de la particularité linguistique, sociale, éducative et économique algérienne pour la conception de dispositifs d’accompagnement adaptés.},
	booktitle = {Conférence {Internationale} sur la langue arabe et les technologies de l'information {Alger},},
	author = {Douidi, Lamri and Khentout, Chabane and Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {2002},
	keywords = {Elearning Authoring Tools},
	pages = {76--85},
}

L’université virtuelle algérienne AVUNET (Algerian Virtual University on the NET) se veut un environnement trilingue (arabe, français et anglais) pour l’enseignement et l’apprentissage à distance exploitant les technologies de l’information et de la communication et particulièrement l’Internet et l’hypermédia. Dans AVUNET, nous cherchons à élargir le modèle d’usage de l’Internet pour mieux l’adapter à l’enseignement et à l’apprentissage à distance en Algérie en y intégrant les solutions aux problèmes soulevés par la conception de contenus, son accès par des apprenants utilisateurs et la prise en compte de la particularité linguistique, sociale, éducative et économique algérienne pour la conception de dispositifs d’accompagnement adaptés.

@incollection{djoudi_conception_2001,
	address = {Paris},
	edition = {Éditions R},
	title = {Conception d'assistants à la navigation sur {Internet}},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	isbn = {2-7288-0268-8},
	url = {http://djoudi.online.fr/publications/files/2001_06_01_Navir_Livre_ENS.pdf},
	abstract = {La navigation virtuelle à travers le Web pose des problèmes de positionnement et de repères spatio-temporels. D’où la nécessité de concevoir des assistants logiciels à dimension cognitive pour aider l’usager à se repérer dans l’espace et dans le temps lors d’une session de navigation. Il s’agit de proposer à l’usager une carte des sites visités, lui permettant ainsi d’avoir une représentation explicite de l’espace virtuel. Différents niveaux de visualisation sont mis en place afin de rendre la carte plus visible et moins surchargée. Une balise temporelle affichée en permanence permet à l’usager de se surveiller et ainsi optimiser son temps de navigation.},
	booktitle = {Comprendre les usages de l'{Internet}},
	publisher = {Editions rue d'Ulm, ENS},
	author = {Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	editor = {GUICHARD, Éric},
	year = {2001},
	keywords = {Web Navigation Assistance},
	pages = {pp 165--173},
}

La navigation virtuelle à travers le Web pose des problèmes de positionnement et de repères spatio-temporels. D’où la nécessité de concevoir des assistants logiciels à dimension cognitive pour aider l’usager à se repérer dans l’espace et dans le temps lors d’une session de navigation. Il s’agit de proposer à l’usager une carte des sites visités, lui permettant ainsi d’avoir une représentation explicite de l’espace virtuel. Différents niveaux de visualisation sont mis en place afin de rendre la carte plus visible et moins surchargée. Une balise temporelle affichée en permanence permet à l’usager de se surveiller et ainsi optimiser son temps de navigation.

@inproceedings{djoudi_design_2001,
	title = {Design of {Supporting} {Tools} to {Simplify} the {Learning} {Process} over {Internet}},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	url = {http://djoudi.online.fr/publications/files/2001_07_22_SCI_Harous_Navir.pdf},
	abstract = {Virtual navigation through the Web has problems of positioning and space-temporal reference marks. Therefore, it’s necessary to design some computer-aided tools to help the user to position himself in space and time during a navigation session. The user is provided with a map of visited sites, thus giving an explicit representation of virtual space. Various levels of visualization are set up to make the map more visible and less overloaded. A permanently displayed time indicator enables users to keep an eye on themselves and thus to optimize navigation time. To help users surmount the other difficulties faced during the use of the system, we developed a distance learning educational server.},
	booktitle = {5th {World} {Multiconference} on {Systemics}, {Cybernetics} and informatics ({SCI} , {Orlando} {USA}, {ISBN} 980-07-7541-2.},
	author = {Djoudi, Mahieddine and Harous, Saad},
	year = {2001},
	keywords = {Web Navigation Assistance},
}

Virtual navigation through the Web has problems of positioning and space-temporal reference marks. Therefore, it’s necessary to design some computer-aided tools to help the user to position himself in space and time during a navigation session. The user is provided with a map of visited sites, thus giving an explicit representation of virtual space. Various levels of visualization are set up to make the map more visible and less overloaded. A permanently displayed time indicator enables users to keep an eye on themselves and thus to optimize navigation time. To help users surmount the other difficulties faced during the use of the system, we developed a distance learning educational server.

@article{djoudi_simplifying_2001,
	title = {Simplifying the {Learning} {Process} {Over} the {Internet}},
	volume = {29},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	url = {http://djoudi.online.fr/publications/files/2001_11_01_THE_Harous.pdf},
	abstract = {Information and communication technologies, on which new training and learning media are based, have improved the transmission and access of data. But they have not facilitated enough interaction between the user and the information. This interaction is very important for someone trying to learn. Until now, new Internet technologies were taught to improve the speed of access and the quantity of information accessed. There is a need to develop tools to help the user interact with the large amount of information available on the Internet. In this context, we propose a set of computer-aided tools to ease the process of interaction and understanding of the user who is absorbed by the Web.},
	number = {4},
	journal = {Technological Horizons in Education Journal (THE)},
	author = {Djoudi, Mahieddine and Harous, Saad},
	year = {2001},
	keywords = {Web Navigation Assistance},
	pages = {50--54},
}

Information and communication technologies, on which new training and learning media are based, have improved the transmission and access of data. But they have not facilitated enough interaction between the user and the information. This interaction is very important for someone trying to learn. Until now, new Internet technologies were taught to improve the speed of access and the quantity of information accessed. There is a need to develop tools to help the user interact with the large amount of information available on the Internet. In this context, we propose a set of computer-aided tools to ease the process of interaction and understanding of the user who is absorbed by the Web.

@inproceedings{djoudi_experience_2001,
	title = {Une expérience d'integration de l'enseignement à distance en milieu universitaire},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	url = {http://djoudi.online.fr/publications/files/2001_03_UV_UFC_Alger.pdf},
	abstract = {Les systèmes bimodaux mêlant la formation présentielle sur campus et l'enseignement à distance, semblent se généraliser comme une conséquence de l'ouverture des universités présentielles à la formation à distance. Dans ce contexte, nous avons conçu et expérimenté une plate-forme de formation ou d'auto-formation flexible et à distance aux Nouvelles Technologies de l'Information et la Communication (NTIC). Le système utilisé dispose d'un serveur éducatif qui donne accès aux cours disponibles sur le site. Le serveur est structuré en ateliers pédagogiques qui répondent aux besoins en formation et au rythme d'apprentissage des étudiants. Le système propose aussi un module d'auto-évaluation qui permet à l'étudiant d'apprécier sa capacité de formation. Les enseignants complètent ce dispositif en assurant une évaluation détaillée avec des solutions affinées. Le système propose des services de communication et de collaboration afin de rapprocher les enseignants et étudiants dans une logique d'échange et de dialogue. Le forum permet aux étudiants et enseignants d'échanger des informations est des expériences pédagogiques},
	booktitle = {Colloque international sur l'université virtuelle : défi du troisi?me millénaire, {Alger}},
	author = {Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {2001},
	keywords = {Elearning},
}

Les systèmes bimodaux mêlant la formation présentielle sur campus et l'enseignement à distance, semblent se généraliser comme une conséquence de l'ouverture des universités présentielles à la formation à distance. Dans ce contexte, nous avons conçu et expérimenté une plate-forme de formation ou d'auto-formation flexible et à distance aux Nouvelles Technologies de l'Information et la Communication (NTIC). Le système utilisé dispose d'un serveur éducatif qui donne accès aux cours disponibles sur le site. Le serveur est structuré en ateliers pédagogiques qui répondent aux besoins en formation et au rythme d'apprentissage des étudiants. Le système propose aussi un module d'auto-évaluation qui permet à l'étudiant d'apprécier sa capacité de formation. Les enseignants complètent ce dispositif en assurant une évaluation détaillée avec des solutions affinées. Le système propose des services de communication et de collaboration afin de rapprocher les enseignants et étudiants dans une logique d'échange et de dialogue. Le forum permet aux étudiants et enseignants d'échanger des informations est des expériences pédagogiques

@inproceedings{djoudi_siced_2001,
	title = {{SIC}'{ED}: {A} {Collaborative} {Intelligent} {System} for {Distance} {Learning}},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	url = {http://djoudi.online.fr/publications/files/2001_03_31_CHI2001_SICED.pdf},
	abstract = {This paper presents the collaborative distance learning system SIC’ED embedding concepts that are essential for collaborative learning and group interaction over the web. We are developing tools particularly tailored to address the needs of students. SIC’ED is intended to be a flexible education or auto-education plat-form and defines an educative server to which several tools are being progressively integrated such as, a shared editor, navigation and intelligent authoring assistance. To effectively draw nearer students and teachers, we defined a collaborative communication service based on a new metaphor called "Telephone-Ring". In this paper we passed the system's software architecture with it's integrated tools in review and discuss its main features.},
	booktitle = {{CHI2001} {Workshop}},
	author = {Djoudi, Mahieddine and Zidani, Abdelmadjid and Talhi, Said},
	year = {2001},
	keywords = {Collaborative Learning},
}

This paper presents the collaborative distance learning system SIC’ED embedding concepts that are essential for collaborative learning and group interaction over the web. We are developing tools particularly tailored to address the needs of students. SIC’ED is intended to be a flexible education or auto-education plat-form and defines an educative server to which several tools are being progressively integrated such as, a shared editor, navigation and intelligent authoring assistance. To effectively draw nearer students and teachers, we defined a collaborative communication service based on a new metaphor called "Telephone-Ring". In this paper we passed the system's software architecture with it's integrated tools in review and discuss its main features.

@article{talhi_systeme_2001,
	title = {Un système auteur de tuteurs intelligents : {Evolution} du mono-usager vers la coopération},
	volume = {8},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	url = {http://djoudi.online.fr/publications/files/2001_04_25_STE_EIAO_Paris_Talhi.pdf},
	doi = {10.3406/stice.2001.1531},
	abstract = {Cet article traite de la coopération dans la production de Systèmes Tuteurs Intelligents (STI). Nous partons d’un système auteur de STI initialement mono-usager (Moalim) et le reconsidérons dans un contexte de collecticiel (ou groupware). Nous proposons une approche d’intégration de la dimension coopérative au sein de ce système afin de permettre à plusieurs auteurs géographiquement dispersés de collaborer pour produire ensemble un STI. Nous envisageons, dans le cadre de ce travail, de leur créer un espace de travail partagé rassemblant tous les outils nécessaires à l’élaboration coopérative d’un STI. Nous définissons dans ce sens des mécanismes permettant de gérer la notification et rétroaction de groupe et, comme pour tout système distribué, nous définissons un support pour assurer l'intégrité des données dispersées à travers les différents sites impliqués},
	number = {1-2},
	journal = {Revue Sciences et Techniques Educatives STE, ISSN : 1265-1338},
	author = {Talhi, Said and Djoudi, Mahieddine and Zidani, Abdelmadjid},
	year = {2001},
	keywords = {Intelligent Tutoring Systems},
	pages = {127--138.},
}

Cet article traite de la coopération dans la production de Systèmes Tuteurs Intelligents (STI). Nous partons d’un système auteur de STI initialement mono-usager (Moalim) et le reconsidérons dans un contexte de collecticiel (ou groupware). Nous proposons une approche d’intégration de la dimension coopérative au sein de ce système afin de permettre à plusieurs auteurs géographiquement dispersés de collaborer pour produire ensemble un STI. Nous envisageons, dans le cadre de ce travail, de leur créer un espace de travail partagé rassemblant tous les outils nécessaires à l’élaboration coopérative d’un STI. Nous définissons dans ce sens des mécanismes permettant de gérer la notification et rétroaction de groupe et, comme pour tout système distribué, nous définissons un support pour assurer l'intégrité des données dispersées à travers les différents sites impliqués

@inproceedings{djoudi_conception_2001,
	title = {Conception d'aides à la navigation pour faciliter l'apprentissage sur le web},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	url = {http://djoudi.online.fr/publications/files/2001_03_UV_UFC_Alger2.pdf},
	abstract = {LA navigation virtuelle à travers le Web pose des problèmes de positionnement et de repères spatio-temporels. D’où la nécessité de concevoir des assistants logiciels à dimension cognitive pour aider l’usager apprenant à se repérer dans l’espace et dans le temps lors d’une session de navigation à travers le Web. Il s’agit de proposer à l’usager une carte des sites visités, lui permettant ainsi d’avoir une représentation explicite de l’espace virtuel. Différents niveaux de visualisation sont mis en place afin de rendre la carte plus visible et moins surchargée. Une balise temporelle affichée en permanence permet à l’usager de se surveiller et ainsi optimiser son temps de navigation.},
	booktitle = {Colloque international sur l'université virtuelle : défi du troisième millénaire, {Alger}},
	author = {Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {2001},
	keywords = {Web Navigation Assistance},
}

LA navigation virtuelle à travers le Web pose des problèmes de positionnement et de repères spatio-temporels. D’où la nécessité de concevoir des assistants logiciels à dimension cognitive pour aider l’usager apprenant à se repérer dans l’espace et dans le temps lors d’une session de navigation à travers le Web. Il s’agit de proposer à l’usager une carte des sites visités, lui permettant ainsi d’avoir une représentation explicite de l’espace virtuel. Différents niveaux de visualisation sont mis en place afin de rendre la carte plus visible et moins surchargée. Une balise temporelle affichée en permanence permet à l’usager de se surveiller et ainsi optimiser son temps de navigation.

@article{zidani_jamedit_2000,
	title = {{JamEdit} : un outil interactif et coopératif pour l'édition de documents},
	volume = {19},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	url = {http://djoudi.online.fr/publications/files/2000_07_01_TSI_JamEdit.pdf},
	abstract = {L'objectif de cet article est la présentation de JamEdit, un système d'édition coopérative de documents intégrant les concepts de base de l'édition et de l'interaction de groupe. Il repose sur une architecture en couches qui implique plusieurs objets, prenant en considération la gestion des ressources, l'interaction, la communication et la collaboration entre les utilisateurs. Pour assurer la transparence, nous exploitons la structure du document à l'aide d'un mécanisme de notification d'événements, représentant les actions des participants au sein de l'espace de travail partagé. Dans cet article, nous passons d'abord en revue les principaux travaux dans ce domaine. Nous présentons ensuite les concepts de base et les fonctionnalités du système},
	number = {7},
	journal = {Revue Technique et Science Informatiques (TSI), ISSN 0752-4072},
	author = {Zidani, Abdelmadjid and Boufaida, Mahmoud and Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {2000},
	keywords = {Collaborative Work},
	pages = {919--941},
}

L'objectif de cet article est la présentation de JamEdit, un système d'édition coopérative de documents intégrant les concepts de base de l'édition et de l'interaction de groupe. Il repose sur une architecture en couches qui implique plusieurs objets, prenant en considération la gestion des ressources, l'interaction, la communication et la collaboration entre les utilisateurs. Pour assurer la transparence, nous exploitons la structure du document à l'aide d'un mécanisme de notification d'événements, représentant les actions des participants au sein de l'espace de travail partagé. Dans cet article, nous passons d'abord en revue les principaux travaux dans ce domaine. Nous présentons ensuite les concepts de base et les fonctionnalités du système

@inproceedings{belattar_integration_2000,
	address = {Antananarivo, Madagascar},
	title = {Integration of animation and explanation in a modeling and simulation environment},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	url = {http://djoudi.online.fr/publications/files/2000_10_16_CARI_Bellatar.pdf},
	abstract = {In this paper, we present a framework of a modeling and simulation environment (MOSE) based on artificial intelligence (A.I.) techniques and graphical interfaces. This environment is centered around a system called SYSAMSE in charge of animating discrete event simulation models and a knowledge based system (KBS) in charge of automating simulation models construction. Its main features are to help users in building simulation models and to understand and learn about them through animating and explaining their dynamic behavior during experimentation. First, we show that traditional techniques like simulation trace, graphic animation or interactive debugging are insufficient to understand dynamic behavior of simulation models. We show that explanation capability is completely neglected in existing MOSE. The way of integrating explanation and animation in our environment is discussed and implementation requirements are pointed out.},
	booktitle = {5eme {Colloque} {CARI}'2000 de l'{INRIA}, {Antananarivo}, {Madagascar}, {ISBN} : 2-7261-1167-{X}, pp 455-462.},
	author = {Belattar, Brahim and Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {2000},
	keywords = {Modelisation},
}

In this paper, we present a framework of a modeling and simulation environment (MOSE) based on artificial intelligence (A.I.) techniques and graphical interfaces. This environment is centered around a system called SYSAMSE in charge of animating discrete event simulation models and a knowledge based system (KBS) in charge of automating simulation models construction. Its main features are to help users in building simulation models and to understand and learn about them through animating and explaining their dynamic behavior during experimentation. First, we show that traditional techniques like simulation trace, graphic animation or interactive debugging are insufficient to understand dynamic behavior of simulation models. We show that explanation capability is completely neglected in existing MOSE. The way of integrating explanation and animation in our environment is discussed and implementation requirements are pointed out.

@inproceedings{talhi_moalim-co_2000,
	title = {{MOALIM}-{CO} : {Un} système auteur coopératif pour le développement de systèmes tuteurs intelligents},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	url = {http://djoudi.online.fr/publications/files/2000_10_16_CARI_Talhi.pdf},
	abstract = {Nous proposons une intégration de la dimension coopérative au sein d’un système auteur de STI initialement mono-usager (Moalim). Ceci permettra à plusieurs auteurs géographiquement dispersés de collaborer pour produire un STI. Nous envisageons alors, de leur créer un espace de travail commun et nous définissons des mécanismes permettant de gérer la rétroaction de groupe au sein de cet espace ainsi qu’un support pour assurer l'intégrité des données dispersées à travers les différents sites impliqués.},
	booktitle = {5eme {Colloque} {CARI}'2000 de l'{INRIA}, {Antananarivo}, {Madagascar}, {ISBN} : 2-7261-1167-{X}, pp 281-288.},
	author = {Talhi, Said and Djoudi, Mahieddine and Zidani, Abdelmadjid},
	year = {2000},
	keywords = {Intelligent Tutoring Systems},
}

Nous proposons une intégration de la dimension coopérative au sein d’un système auteur de STI initialement mono-usager (Moalim). Ceci permettra à plusieurs auteurs géographiquement dispersés de collaborer pour produire un STI. Nous envisageons alors, de leur créer un espace de travail commun et nous définissons des mécanismes permettant de gérer la rétroaction de groupe au sein de cet espace ainsi qu’un support pour assurer l'intégrité des données dispersées à travers les différents sites impliqués.

@inproceedings{djoudi_saida_2000,
	title = {{SAIDA} : {Système} d'{Apprentissage} {Interactif} à {Distance} de l'{Arabe}},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	url = {http://djoudi.online.fr/publications/files/2000_03_08_Maroc_SAIDA.pdf},
	abstract = {Dans le domaine des Nouvelles Technologies de l’Information et de la Communication (NTIC), l’apprentissage interactif et à distance tient une place importante. Actuellement les thématiques de recherche se concentrent sur trois axes : conception et réalisation de dispositifs multimédia pour l'enseignement à distance ; conception, réalisation et évaluation de nouveaux outils pour l'apprentissage coopératifs et conception d'espaces d'informations partagés spécialisés. Dans ce cadre, nous présentons notre projet de conception du système SAIDA pour l'apprentissage interactif et à distance de la langue arabe.},
	booktitle = {Symposium {Traduction} et {Mondialisation} {Tanger}, {Maroc}},
	author = {Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	editor = {Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {2000},
	keywords = {Elearning},
}

Dans le domaine des Nouvelles Technologies de l’Information et de la Communication (NTIC), l’apprentissage interactif et à distance tient une place importante. Actuellement les thématiques de recherche se concentrent sur trois axes : conception et réalisation de dispositifs multimédia pour l'enseignement à distance ; conception, réalisation et évaluation de nouveaux outils pour l'apprentissage coopératifs et conception d'espaces d'informations partagés spécialisés. Dans ce cadre, nous présentons notre projet de conception du système SAIDA pour l'apprentissage interactif et à distance de la langue arabe.

@inproceedings{djoudi_navir_1999,
	address = {Futuroscope},
	title = {Navir, un système d'aide à la navigation virtuelle sur le {Web}},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	url = {http://djoudi.online.fr/publications/files/1999_12_01_2Entretiens_Internat_CNED.pdf},
	abstract = {L'objectif du système NaVir est de permettre à l'usager de se repérer dans le temps et dans l'espace lors d'une séance de navigation à travers le Web. Il s'agit de proposer à l'usager une carte des sites visités, lui permettant ainsi d'avoir une représentation explicite de l'espace virtuel. Différents niveaux de visualisation sont mis en place afin de rendre la carte plus visible et moins surchargée. Une balise temporelle affichée en permanence permet à l'usager de se surveiller et ainsi optimiser son temps de navigation. Le système NaVir est développé dans le cadre du projet CNRS n° TL 97111 : « La construction d’une opinion circonstanciée dans le grand public à propos de l’usage des NTIC. Etude de cas dans deux maisons du savoir », du laboratoire de recherche sur l’industrie de la connaissance (LARIC) du CNED. Il fonctionne actuellement sur PC (plate-forme Windows 9x ou NT). L'écran principal de NaVir est divisé en plusieurs fenêtres. Il s'utilise avec n'importe quel navigateur (Netscape Communicator, Internet Explorer ou autre). Son noyau fonctionnel comporte deux modules importants : le module de récupération des adresses URL et le module de construction et d'interaction avec la carte de navigation ainsi que la gestion du temps de navigation. L'usager possède aussi la possibilité d'accès à une aide et à un glossaire regroupant les termes fréquemment rencontrés sur Internet et susceptibles d'être incompris par le "surfer" novice.},
	booktitle = {Deuxièmes {Entretiens} {Internationaux} du {CNED}, {Poitiers}.},
	publisher = {CNED},
	author = {Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {1999},
	keywords = {Web Navigation Assistance},
}

L'objectif du système NaVir est de permettre à l'usager de se repérer dans le temps et dans l'espace lors d'une séance de navigation à travers le Web. Il s'agit de proposer à l'usager une carte des sites visités, lui permettant ainsi d'avoir une représentation explicite de l'espace virtuel. Différents niveaux de visualisation sont mis en place afin de rendre la carte plus visible et moins surchargée. Une balise temporelle affichée en permanence permet à l'usager de se surveiller et ainsi optimiser son temps de navigation. Le système NaVir est développé dans le cadre du projet CNRS n° TL 97111 : « La construction d’une opinion circonstanciée dans le grand public à propos de l’usage des NTIC. Etude de cas dans deux maisons du savoir », du laboratoire de recherche sur l’industrie de la connaissance (LARIC) du CNED. Il fonctionne actuellement sur PC (plate-forme Windows 9x ou NT). L'écran principal de NaVir est divisé en plusieurs fenêtres. Il s'utilise avec n'importe quel navigateur (Netscape Communicator, Internet Explorer ou autre). Son noyau fonctionnel comporte deux modules importants : le module de récupération des adresses URL et le module de construction et d'interaction avec la carte de navigation ainsi que la gestion du temps de navigation. L'usager possède aussi la possibilité d'accès à une aide et à un glossaire regroupant les termes fréquemment rencontrés sur Internet et susceptibles d'être incompris par le "surfer" novice.

@inproceedings{djoudi_navir_1999,
	title = {Navir, un outil graphique pour faciliter l'usage de l'{Internet}},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	url = {http://djoudi.online.fr/publications/files/1999_12_03_Colloque_ENS.pdf},
	abstract = {Les difficultés rencontrées lors de la navigation sur Internet sont diverses et variées mais elles peuvent être ramenées à deux grands types : la désorientation et la surcharge cognitive. La désorientation provient de l’absence de repères des usagers lorsqu’ils parcourent les réseaux. La surcharge cognitive est liée aux nombreuses décisions que doit faire l’usager lorsqu’il parcourt un hypermédia. Dans le cadre d'un projet CNRS du CNED-LARIC sur « La construction d’une opinion circonstanciée dans le grand public à propos de l’usage des NTIC.», nous avons réalisé un outil graphique "NAVIR" pour faciliter l'usage de l'Internet. L'objectif de Navir est de permettre à l'usager de se repérer dans le temps et dans l'espace lors d'une séance de navigation à travers le Web. Il s'agit de proposer à l'usager une carte des sites visités, lui permettant ainsi d'avoir une représentation explicite de l'espace virtuel. Différents niveaux de visualisation sont mis en place afin de rendre la carte plus visible et moins surchargée. Une balise temporelle affichée en permanence permet à l'usager de se surveiller et ainsi optimiser son temps de navigation. NaVir développé en Java, fonctionne actuellement sur PC (plate-forme Windows 9x ou NT). L'écran principal de NaVir est divisé en plusieurs fenêtres. Il s'utilise avec n'importe quel navigateur (Netscape Communicator, Internet Explorer ou autre). Son noyau fonctionnel comporte deux modules importants : le module de récupération des adresses et le module de construction et d'interaction avec la carte de navigation ainsi que la gestion du temps. L'usager possède aussi la possibilité d'accès à une aide et à un glossaire regroupant les termes fréquemment rencontrés sur Internet et susceptibles d'être incompris par le "surfer" novice.},
	booktitle = {Colloque {Comprendre} les usages d'{Internet}, {Ecole} {Normale} {Supérieure} de {Paris}.},
	author = {Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {1999},
	keywords = {Web Navigation Assistance},
}

Les difficultés rencontrées lors de la navigation sur Internet sont diverses et variées mais elles peuvent être ramenées à deux grands types : la désorientation et la surcharge cognitive. La désorientation provient de l’absence de repères des usagers lorsqu’ils parcourent les réseaux. La surcharge cognitive est liée aux nombreuses décisions que doit faire l’usager lorsqu’il parcourt un hypermédia. Dans le cadre d'un projet CNRS du CNED-LARIC sur « La construction d’une opinion circonstanciée dans le grand public à propos de l’usage des NTIC.», nous avons réalisé un outil graphique "NAVIR" pour faciliter l'usage de l'Internet. L'objectif de Navir est de permettre à l'usager de se repérer dans le temps et dans l'espace lors d'une séance de navigation à travers le Web. Il s'agit de proposer à l'usager une carte des sites visités, lui permettant ainsi d'avoir une représentation explicite de l'espace virtuel. Différents niveaux de visualisation sont mis en place afin de rendre la carte plus visible et moins surchargée. Une balise temporelle affichée en permanence permet à l'usager de se surveiller et ainsi optimiser son temps de navigation. NaVir développé en Java, fonctionne actuellement sur PC (plate-forme Windows 9x ou NT). L'écran principal de NaVir est divisé en plusieurs fenêtres. Il s'utilise avec n'importe quel navigateur (Netscape Communicator, Internet Explorer ou autre). Son noyau fonctionnel comporte deux modules importants : le module de récupération des adresses et le module de construction et d'interaction avec la carte de navigation ainsi que la gestion du temps. L'usager possède aussi la possibilité d'accès à une aide et à un glossaire regroupant les termes fréquemment rencontrés sur Internet et susceptibles d'être incompris par le "surfer" novice.

@techreport{perriault_construction_1999,
	address = {Paris},
	title = {La construction d'une opinion circonstanciée dans le grand public à propos de l'usage des {NTIC}. {Etude} de cas dans deux maisons du savoir},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	url = {http://djoudi.online.fr/publications/files/1999_03_30_Rapport_Interne_LARIC.pdf},
	author = {Perriault, Jacques and Despin, Laurent and Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {1999},
	note = {Publication Title: Rapport intermédiaire du projet CNRS},
	keywords = {Web Navigation Assistance},
}

@techreport{djoudi_aide_1999,
	address = {Paris},
	title = {Aide à la navigation virtuelle et formation aux {NTIC}. {Projet} {CNRS} no {TL97111} du {CNED}-{LARIC}. {La} construction d'une opinion circonstanciée dans le grand public à propos de l'usage des {NTIC}. {Etude} de cas dans deux maisons du savoir},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	url = {http://djoudi.online.fr/publications/files/1999_11_04_Rapport_Bilan_CNRS.pdf},
	author = {Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {1999},
	note = {Publication Title: Colloque Bilan du CNRS},
	keywords = {Web Navigation Assistance},
}

@inproceedings{zidani_modearchitectural_1998,
	title = {Un modèle architectural pour l'édition coopérative de documents},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	url = {http://djoudi.online.fr/publications/files/1998_10_12_CARI98_Zidani.pdf},
	abstract = {The recent field of Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW ) is characterized by the fundamental aspect of knowledge and cleverness sharing. Collaborative editing is a major research topic within CSCW applications. While preserving some kind of consistency and transparency, it allows different users at different locations to edit a shared document at the same time. This paper presents a synchronous shared editor design, embedding email facilities and concepts that are essential for collaborative editing and group interaction. We firstly passed ongoing research in review and then presented basic concepts for a cooperative editor design with an oriented-layer replicated architecture},
	booktitle = {4eme {Colloque} {CARI}'98 de l'{INRIA}, {Dakar}, {Sénégal}, {ISBN} : 2-7261-1133-5, pp 875.},
	author = {Zidani, Abdelmadjid and Boufaida, Mahmoud and Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	editor = {{INRIA}},
	year = {1998},
	keywords = {Collaborative Work},
}

The recent field of Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW ) is characterized by the fundamental aspect of knowledge and cleverness sharing. Collaborative editing is a major research topic within CSCW applications. While preserving some kind of consistency and transparency, it allows different users at different locations to edit a shared document at the same time. This paper presents a synchronous shared editor design, embedding email facilities and concepts that are essential for collaborative editing and group interaction. We firstly passed ongoing research in review and then presented basic concepts for a cooperative editor design with an oriented-layer replicated architecture

@inproceedings{belattar_vers_1997,
	title = {Vers un environnement de {Simulation} {Coopératif}},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	url = {http://djoudi.online.fr/publications/files/1997_06_05_MOSIM97_SimCoop_Bellatar.pdf},
	abstract = {L’objectif de notre article est d’analyser les possibilités d’intégration des concepts du Travail Coopératif (T.C.A.O.) dans le domaine de la simulation. Un bilan des recherches qui prédominent ces dernières années dans le domaine de la simulation est fait en premier. Ceci nous permet de mettre en évidence l’originalité de notre travail. Les concepts de base du travail coopératif sont introduits. Nous montrons l’adéquation de ces concepts avec la méthode de conduite d’un projet de simulation. Nous proposons des idées directrices pour la conception d’un environnement de simulation basé sur la coopération (ESC) en mettant en évidence les niveaux où la coopération peut intervenir. Les intérêts pratiques d’un tel environnement seront mis en évidence sur un exemple.},
	booktitle = {Actes de la conférence francophone de modélisation et de simulation {MOSIM}'97, {Rouen} {France}, {Editions} {HERMES}, {ISBN} 2-86601-623-8, pp. 483-499.},
	author = {Belattar, Brahim and Zidani, Abdelmadjid and Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {1997},
	keywords = {Modelisation},
}

L’objectif de notre article est d’analyser les possibilités d’intégration des concepts du Travail Coopératif (T.C.A.O.) dans le domaine de la simulation. Un bilan des recherches qui prédominent ces dernières années dans le domaine de la simulation est fait en premier. Ceci nous permet de mettre en évidence l’originalité de notre travail. Les concepts de base du travail coopératif sont introduits. Nous montrons l’adéquation de ces concepts avec la méthode de conduite d’un projet de simulation. Nous proposons des idées directrices pour la conception d’un environnement de simulation basé sur la coopération (ESC) en mettant en évidence les niveaux où la coopération peut intervenir. Les intérêts pratiques d’un tel environnement seront mis en évidence sur un exemple.

@inproceedings{zidani_architecture_1997,
	title = {Une {Architecture} en {Couches} pour un {Editeur} {Partagé} de {Documents}},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	url = {http://djoudi.online.fr/publications/files/1997_12_07_IEEA97_Batna2.pdf},
	booktitle = {International {Annual} {Conference} {IEEA}'97 of the {University} of {Batna}, {Algeria}. vol 2, pp 34-38.},
	author = {Zidani, Abdelmadjid and Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {1997},
	keywords = {Collaborative Work},
}

@inproceedings{djoudi_modelisation_1997,
	title = {Modélisation {Graphique} et {Sémantique} d'un {Environnement} {Coopératif} de {Conception}},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	url = {http://djoudi.online.fr/publications/files/1997_12_07_IEEA97_Batna1.pdf},
	abstract = {Nous proposons dans cet article, une approche basée sur la modélisation des connaissances d’un environnement de conception, une démarche s'appuyant sur une représentation objet et réseaux sémantiques qui devrait constituer un apport méthodologique important pour les concepteurs. Cette démarche repose sur trois étapes, la modélisation de l’environnement à l'aide d'outils graphiques, la traduction du modèle dans un environnement objet et la description des primitives d’interaction s'appliquant sur les connaissances du système. La méthode proposée a pour but de permettre à un utilisateur de décrire son environnement le plus naturellement possible, par des commandes de haut niveau d'abstraction. Le travail constitue un premier pas vers le développement d’un système coopératif qui permet à plusieurs utilisateurs de construire et d’interagir avec l’environnement},
	booktitle = {International {Annual} {Conference} {IEEA}'97 of the {University} of {Batna}, {Algeria}.},
	author = {Djoudi, Mahieddine and Zidani, Abdelmadjid},
	year = {1997},
	keywords = {Modelisation},
}

Nous proposons dans cet article, une approche basée sur la modélisation des connaissances d’un environnement de conception, une démarche s'appuyant sur une représentation objet et réseaux sémantiques qui devrait constituer un apport méthodologique important pour les concepteurs. Cette démarche repose sur trois étapes, la modélisation de l’environnement à l'aide d'outils graphiques, la traduction du modèle dans un environnement objet et la description des primitives d’interaction s'appliquant sur les connaissances du système. La méthode proposée a pour but de permettre à un utilisateur de décrire son environnement le plus naturellement possible, par des commandes de haut niveau d'abstraction. Le travail constitue un premier pas vers le développement d’un système coopératif qui permet à plusieurs utilisateurs de construire et d’interagir avec l’environnement

@inproceedings{benkoula_raisonnement_1996,
	address = {Algiers, Algeria},
	title = {Raisonnement temporel dans un graphe de {C}-intervalles},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	url = {http://djoudi.online.fr/publications/files/1996_04_14_MCSEAI_Alger_Benkoula.pdf},
	booktitle = {Fourth {Maghrebian} {Conference} on {Software} {Engineering} and {Artificial} {Intelligence}, {Algiers}, {Algeria}},
	publisher = {INI},
	author = {Benkoula, Khalil and Djoudi, Mahieddine and Benbernou, Salima},
	year = {1996},
	keywords = {Artificial intelligence},
	pages = {115--122},
}

@inproceedings{benkoula_reasoning_1996,
	title = {Reasoning about {Event} {Granularity}},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	url = {http://djoudi.online.fr/publications/files/1996_07_05_ITHURS_Leon_Spain_Benkoula.pdf},
	booktitle = {International {Conference} on {Intelligent} {Technologies} in {Human} {Related} {Science}, {ITHURS}'96, {Leon}, {Spain},, {SBN}: 84-7719-560-9.},
	author = {Benkoula, Khalil and Benbernou, Salima and Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {1996},
	keywords = {Artificial intelligence},
}

@inproceedings{benkoula_representation_1995,
	title = {Une représentation granulaire des évenements},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	url = {http://djoudi.online.fr/publications/files/1995_10_24_SNIB_Biskra_Benkoula.pdf},
	abstract = {James Allen a introduit la logique temporelle basée sur les intervalles et leurs treize relations possibles. L'entité principale de sa théorie est l'intervalle qui peut correspondre à un événement. Cependant, il est souvent nécessaire de représenter les événements sous différents niveaux de détail ou granularités. Une solution au problème de représentation et de raisonnement sur ce type d'assertions temporelles est proposée en définissant une nouvelle classe d'intervalle nommée c-intervalle. Pour se faire, un ensemble de macro relations, qui permettent aussi d'exprimer des relations incomplètes, est introduit. Un formalisme graphique est utilisé pour représenter les assertions temporelles. Dans cet article, on démontre comment déterminer la consistance de ces assertions temporelles, qui peuvent être incomplètes, dans un graphe incomplet. Cette tâche est effectuée en recherchant dans le graphe des circuits ayant deux noeuds connectés par une des deux relations de précédence. D'où un gain en temps et en espace considérable. Par contre la déduction des assertions temporelles implicites nécessite l'introduction de deux opérations : l'intersection et la composition sur l'ensemble des relations possibles.},
	booktitle = {Premier {Séminaire} {National} d'{Infromatique} {SNIB}'01},
	author = {Benkoula, Khalil and Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {1995},
	keywords = {Artificial intelligence},
}

James Allen a introduit la logique temporelle basée sur les intervalles et leurs treize relations possibles. L'entité principale de sa théorie est l'intervalle qui peut correspondre à un événement. Cependant, il est souvent nécessaire de représenter les événements sous différents niveaux de détail ou granularités. Une solution au problème de représentation et de raisonnement sur ce type d'assertions temporelles est proposée en définissant une nouvelle classe d'intervalle nommée c-intervalle. Pour se faire, un ensemble de macro relations, qui permettent aussi d'exprimer des relations incomplètes, est introduit. Un formalisme graphique est utilisé pour représenter les assertions temporelles. Dans cet article, on démontre comment déterminer la consistance de ces assertions temporelles, qui peuvent être incomplètes, dans un graphe incomplet. Cette tâche est effectuée en recherchant dans le graphe des circuits ayant deux noeuds connectés par une des deux relations de précédence. D'où un gain en temps et en espace considérable. Par contre la déduction des assertions temporelles implicites nécessite l'introduction de deux opérations : l'intersection et la composition sur l'ensemble des relations possibles.

@inproceedings{djoudi_analyse_1994,
	address = {Jijel, Algeria},
	title = {Analyse acoustique pour la reconnaissance des phonèmes de l'{Arabe} moderne standard},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	url = {http://djoudi.online.fr/publications/files/1994_09_24_Jijel_Analyse.pdf},
	abstract = {Nous proposons dans cet article une étude phonétique pour la reconnaissance automatique des phonèmes de l’Arabe. La langue de référence est celle utilisée dans l’enseignement, la littérature, l’administration et les médias de l’ensemble du monde arabe. Elle est dite moderne par opposition à l’Arabe classique littéraire, Elle est qualifiée de standard par opposition aux différents dialectes régionaux. Notre étude est purment acoustique, elle est basée essentiellement sur des visions spectrographiques et nécessite un corpus représentatif. Elle consiste en l’extration des indices acoustiques qui caractérisent un phonème ou une classe phonétique.},
	booktitle = {International {Symposium} on the {Arabic} {Script} and the age of {Information} {Technology}, {Jijel} {Algeria}},
	author = {Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {1994},
	keywords = {Speech Recognition},
}

Nous proposons dans cet article une étude phonétique pour la reconnaissance automatique des phonèmes de l’Arabe. La langue de référence est celle utilisée dans l’enseignement, la littérature, l’administration et les médias de l’ensemble du monde arabe. Elle est dite moderne par opposition à l’Arabe classique littéraire, Elle est qualifiée de standard par opposition aux différents dialectes régionaux. Notre étude est purment acoustique, elle est basée essentiellement sur des visions spectrographiques et nécessite un corpus représentatif. Elle consiste en l’extration des indices acoustiques qui caractérisent un phonème ou une classe phonétique.

@inproceedings{djoudi_etude_1994,
	address = {Algiers, Algeria},
	title = {Etude phonétique et identification des consonnes pharyngales et glottales de l'{Arabe}},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	url = {http://djoudi.online.fr/publications/files/1994_09_24_ICSS_Debyeche.pdf},
	abstract = {Nous proposons dans cet article une étude phonétique des consonnes pharyngales / /, / / et glottales /?/, /h/ de l’Arabe moderne standard. Cette étude nous a permis d’élaborer une base de connaissances phonétiques destinée à la reconnaissance automatique de ces consonnes en parole continue et dans un contexte multilocuteur. A partir d’un corpus de mots dans lequel toutes les variantes contextuelles de ces consonnes apparaîssent et à l’examen d’un nombre très important de spectrogrammes, nous avons relevé les caractéristiques acoustiques spécifiques à chaque consonne ainsi que les variations en fonction de l’environnement phonétique. Les connaissances acquises sont destinées au système expert SAPHA, développé pour le décodage acoustico-phonétique de l’Arabe. Le formalisme adopté pour la représentation des connaissances est celui des règles de production. Les performances du système sur les consonnes pharyngales et glottales ont été calculées sur un corpus de phrases pour trois locuteurs masculins.},
	booktitle = {International {Conference} on {Signals} ans {Systems}, {Algiers}, {Algeria}, {September} 24-26},
	author = {Djoudi, Mahieddine and Debyeche, Mohamed},
	year = {1994},
	keywords = {Speech Recognition},
}

Nous proposons dans cet article une étude phonétique des consonnes pharyngales / /, / / et glottales /?/, /h/ de l’Arabe moderne standard. Cette étude nous a permis d’élaborer une base de connaissances phonétiques destinée à la reconnaissance automatique de ces consonnes en parole continue et dans un contexte multilocuteur. A partir d’un corpus de mots dans lequel toutes les variantes contextuelles de ces consonnes apparaîssent et à l’examen d’un nombre très important de spectrogrammes, nous avons relevé les caractéristiques acoustiques spécifiques à chaque consonne ainsi que les variations en fonction de l’environnement phonétique. Les connaissances acquises sont destinées au système expert SAPHA, développé pour le décodage acoustico-phonétique de l’Arabe. Le formalisme adopté pour la représentation des connaissances est celui des règles de production. Les performances du système sur les consonnes pharyngales et glottales ont été calculées sur un corpus de phrases pour trois locuteurs masculins.

@inproceedings{djoudi_sapha_1993,
	title = {{SAPHA} : un système pour l'analyse acoustique et le décodage phonétique de l'{Arabe} standard moderne},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	url = {http://djoudi.online.fr/publications/files/1993_11_22_Alger_SAPHA.pdf},
	abstract = {Nous présentons dans cet article le système SAPHA (Système Acoustico-PHonétique de l'Arabe) que nous avons développé pour l'analyse acoustique et le décodage phonétique de l'Arabe standard moderne. Le système reoit en entrée le signal de parole préalablement digitalisé et renvoie en résultat un treillis phonétique. Autour des modules de reconnaissance, nous avons développé des procédures pour le calcul et l'affichage graphique des paramètres acoustico-phonétiques du signal ainsi que des modules d'évaluation des performances du système de reconnaissance. L'évaluation nécessite un corpus de phrases étiquetées manuellement.Introduction Le système SAPHA permet de faire la reconnaissance analytique des phonèmes de l'Arabe standard en parole continue et dans un contexte multilocuteur. Ce système peut être considéré comme unétage d'un système de reconnaissance de l'Arabe qui intègre des informations linguistiques ou bien comme un module d'une machine àdicter vocale. Le système de décodage proprement dit est un système expert à base de règles de production. L'acquisition des connaissances a nécessité le développement d'outils d'analyse et d'affichage graphique. L'évaluation des performances du système a été faite en utilisant le corpus DJOUMA (DJOUmal MAqrou'a, qui veut dire en Arabe phrases lues) constituées de 50 phrases phonétiquement équilibrées prononcées par 11 locuteurs (7 hommes et 4 femmes)},
	booktitle = {4eme {Colloque} {Maghrébin} sur les modèles numérique de l'{Ingénieur}, {Alger}, {Algérie}},
	author = {Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {1993},
	keywords = {Speech Recognition},
}

Nous présentons dans cet article le système SAPHA (Système Acoustico-PHonétique de l'Arabe) que nous avons développé pour l'analyse acoustique et le décodage phonétique de l'Arabe standard moderne. Le système reoit en entrée le signal de parole préalablement digitalisé et renvoie en résultat un treillis phonétique. Autour des modules de reconnaissance, nous avons développé des procédures pour le calcul et l'affichage graphique des paramètres acoustico-phonétiques du signal ainsi que des modules d'évaluation des performances du système de reconnaissance. L'évaluation nécessite un corpus de phrases étiquetées manuellement.Introduction Le système SAPHA permet de faire la reconnaissance analytique des phonèmes de l'Arabe standard en parole continue et dans un contexte multilocuteur. Ce système peut être considéré comme unétage d'un système de reconnaissance de l'Arabe qui intègre des informations linguistiques ou bien comme un module d'une machine àdicter vocale. Le système de décodage proprement dit est un système expert à base de règles de production. L'acquisition des connaissances a nécessité le développement d'outils d'analyse et d'affichage graphique. L'évaluation des performances du système a été faite en utilisant le corpus DJOUMA (DJOUmal MAqrou'a, qui veut dire en Arabe phrases lues) constituées de 50 phrases phonétiquement équilibrées prononcées par 11 locuteurs (7 hommes et 4 femmes)

@inproceedings{djoudi_reconnaissance_1993,
	title = {Reconnaissance de la parole en arabe moderne : le système {MARS}},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	url = {http://djoudi.online.fr/publications/files/1993_12_08_LATIA_Casablanca_MARS.pdf},
	abstract = {Nous présentons dans cet article le système MARS (Modern Arabic Recognition System) de reconnaissance automatique de la parole en Arabe moderne. Le système a pour but la compréhension de phrases dans un contexte multilocuteur. Sa mise en oeuvre tient compte des particularités de la langue aux niveaux phonétique et linguistique. Nous décrirons, dans un premier temps le système de décodage acoustico-phonétique , ensuite, nous aborderons le traitement linguistique en évoquant les aspects de la morphologie de la langue, et de la structure syntaxico-sémantique des phrases. Nous parlerons, enfin, de l'importance de la prosodie dans un système de compréhension de l'Arabe parlé.},
	booktitle = {Actes du 2eme congrès "{Langue} arabe et technologies informatiques avancées". {Casablanca}, {Maroc}},
	author = {Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {1993},
	keywords = {Speech Recognition},
}

Nous présentons dans cet article le système MARS (Modern Arabic Recognition System) de reconnaissance automatique de la parole en Arabe moderne. Le système a pour but la compréhension de phrases dans un contexte multilocuteur. Sa mise en oeuvre tient compte des particularités de la langue aux niveaux phonétique et linguistique. Nous décrirons, dans un premier temps le système de décodage acoustico-phonétique , ensuite, nous aborderons le traitement linguistique en évoquant les aspects de la morphologie de la langue, et de la structure syntaxico-sémantique des phrases. Nous parlerons, enfin, de l'importance de la prosodie dans un système de compréhension de l'Arabe parlé.

@article{djoudi_axes_1993,
	title = {Les axes de recherche en {Inteligence} {Artificielle}},
	volume = {3},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	url = {http://djoudi.online.fr/publications/files/1993_07_01_AS_V3N3_AxRechIA.pdf},
	number = {3},
	journal = {Algerian Scientist Journal},
	author = {Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {1993},
	keywords = {Artificial intelligence},
}

@article{djoudi_reconnaissance_1993,
	title = {Reconnaissance de la parole},
	volume = {3},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	url = {http://djoudi.online.fr/publications/files/1993_07_02_AS_V3N3_RAP.pdf},
	number = {3},
	journal = {Algerian Scientist Journal},
	author = {Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {1993},
	keywords = {Speech Recognition},
}

@inproceedings{djoudi_assessment_1992,
	title = {Assessment of {Standard} {Arabic} {Acoustic} {Phonetic} {Decoder}},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	url = {http://djoudi.online.fr/publications/files/1992_11_28_13NCC_Riyadh_Assessment.pdf},
	abstract = {Within the framework of the automatic recognition of continuous speech, we have developed SAPHA system : an acoustic phonetic decoder of standard Arabic. In This article, we present a first assessment of the system. SAPHA makes possible the analytic recognition of phonemes in continuous speech for multispeakers. Combining other linguistic information (lexicon, syntax, semantic and pragmatic), the system can be considered as an important step towards a system for oral dialog between man and machine. It also acts as a module of a dictation machine. The recognition module is realized as form of an expert system based on production rules. Knowledge is acquired after a phonetic study of Arabic carried out on DJOUMA corpus, which is composed of 50 sentences pronounced by 11 speakers (7 males and 4 Females) . This study also allows us to adopt a strategy for signal segmentation into large phonetic classes and determine the distinctive values of parameters used during recognition. In the same way, the manual labelling of the corpus sentences allows us to test the performances of the system},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the 13th {National} {Computer} {Conference}. {Riyadh}, {Kingdom} of {Saudi} {Arabia}},
	author = {Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {1992},
	keywords = {Speech Recognition},
}

Within the framework of the automatic recognition of continuous speech, we have developed SAPHA system : an acoustic phonetic decoder of standard Arabic. In This article, we present a first assessment of the system. SAPHA makes possible the analytic recognition of phonemes in continuous speech for multispeakers. Combining other linguistic information (lexicon, syntax, semantic and pragmatic), the system can be considered as an important step towards a system for oral dialog between man and machine. It also acts as a module of a dictation machine. The recognition module is realized as form of an expert system based on production rules. Knowledge is acquired after a phonetic study of Arabic carried out on DJOUMA corpus, which is composed of 50 sentences pronounced by 11 speakers (7 males and 4 Females) . This study also allows us to adopt a strategy for signal segmentation into large phonetic classes and determine the distinctive values of parameters used during recognition. In the same way, the manual labelling of the corpus sentences allows us to test the performances of the system

@inproceedings{djoudi_phonetic_1992,
	address = {Riyadh},
	title = {Phonetic {Study} and {Recognition} of {Standard} {Emphatic} {Consonants}},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	url = {http://djoudi.online.fr/publications/files/1992_05_10_uALIT_Riyadh_Emphatic.pdf},
	abstract = {In this paper we propose a phonetic study of emphatic consonants in standard Arabic, which is essentially based on the spectrographic examination of these consonants in various production contexts. This study allowed us to determine the pertinent parameters to the recognition of emphatic consonants in continu-ous speech. The recognition stage uses the SAPHA system, developed for the acoustic-phonetic decoding of standard Arabic and deals with the following points : • segmentation of the speech signal into large phonetic classes ; • extraction of parameters necessary for the recognition of emphatic consonants ; • phonetic identification of these consonants by using an expert system based on production rules. The results of the segmentation and of the recognition for three male speakers are given commented.},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of {Symposium} on using {Arabic} {Language} in {Information} {Technology}, {Riyadh}, {Kingdom} of {Saudi} {Arabia}},
	author = {Djoudi, Mahieddine and Aouizerat, Hadj},
	year = {1992},
	keywords = {Speech Recognition},
}

In this paper we propose a phonetic study of emphatic consonants in standard Arabic, which is essentially based on the spectrographic examination of these consonants in various production contexts. This study allowed us to determine the pertinent parameters to the recognition of emphatic consonants in continu-ous speech. The recognition stage uses the SAPHA system, developed for the acoustic-phonetic decoding of standard Arabic and deals with the following points : • segmentation of the speech signal into large phonetic classes ; • extraction of parameters necessary for the recognition of emphatic consonants ; • phonetic identification of these consonants by using an expert system based on production rules. The results of the segmentation and of the recognition for three male speakers are given commented.

@inproceedings{djoudi_utilisation_1991,
	address = {Algiers},
	title = {Utilisation des techniques d'intelligence artificielle pour le décodage acoustico-phonétique de l'{Arabe} {Standard}},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	url = {http://djoudi.online.fr/publications/files/1991_10_21_MSPS_Alger_IADAPAS.pdf},
	abstract = {Nous présentons dans cet article une technique d’intelligence artificielle utilisée en reconnaissance automatique de la parole. Elle consiste en la représentation et le traite¬ment des connaissances dans le système expert SAPHA que nous avons développé pour le décodage acoustico-phonétique de l’Arabe standard [6]. Le système SAPHA permet la reconnaissance analytique des phonèmes en parole continue et dans un contexte multilocuteur. Il peut être considéré à la fois comme une étape importante d’un système de dialogue oral homme-machine intégrant d’autres informations linguistiques (lexicales, syntaxiques, sémantiques et pragmatiques) ou bien comme un module d’une machine à dicter [4]. Le système reçoit en entrée le signal de parole préalablement digitalisé et renvoie en résultat un treillis de phonèmes. Le module de reconnaissance proprement dit est réalisé sous forme d’un système expert à base de règles de production. En l’absence d’un expert phonéticien, la connaissance est acquise après une étude phonétique de l’Arabe standard faite sur le corpus DJOUMA constitué de 50 phrases prononcées par 11 locuteurs (7 hommes et 4 femmes). Cette étude nous a permis en outre d’adopter une stratégie de segmentation du signal en grandes classes phonétiques et de déterminer les valeurs caractéristiques des paramètres utilisés en reconnaissance [5]. De même, l’étiquetage manuel des phrases du corpus nous a permis de tester les performances du système.},
	booktitle = {First {Maghrebin} {Symposium} on {Programming} and {Systems}. {Algiers} ({Algeria})},
	author = {Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {1991},
	keywords = {Speech Recognition},
}

Nous présentons dans cet article une technique d’intelligence artificielle utilisée en reconnaissance automatique de la parole. Elle consiste en la représentation et le traite¬ment des connaissances dans le système expert SAPHA que nous avons développé pour le décodage acoustico-phonétique de l’Arabe standard [6]. Le système SAPHA permet la reconnaissance analytique des phonèmes en parole continue et dans un contexte multilocuteur. Il peut être considéré à la fois comme une étape importante d’un système de dialogue oral homme-machine intégrant d’autres informations linguistiques (lexicales, syntaxiques, sémantiques et pragmatiques) ou bien comme un module d’une machine à dicter [4]. Le système reçoit en entrée le signal de parole préalablement digitalisé et renvoie en résultat un treillis de phonèmes. Le module de reconnaissance proprement dit est réalisé sous forme d’un système expert à base de règles de production. En l’absence d’un expert phonéticien, la connaissance est acquise après une étude phonétique de l’Arabe standard faite sur le corpus DJOUMA constitué de 50 phrases prononcées par 11 locuteurs (7 hommes et 4 femmes). Cette étude nous a permis en outre d’adopter une stratégie de segmentation du signal en grandes classes phonétiques et de déterminer les valeurs caractéristiques des paramètres utilisés en reconnaissance [5]. De même, l’étiquetage manuel des phrases du corpus nous a permis de tester les performances du système.

@article{djoudi_reconnaissance_1991,
	title = {Reconnaissance automatique de la parole en {Arabe} standard},
	volume = {2},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	url = {http://djoudi.online.fr/publications/files/1991_05_01_AS_RAPAS.pdf},
	abstract = {L’Arabe moderne, dite aussi littéraire ou standard a fait l’objet de plusieurs travaux anciens ou récents, ayant trait soit à l’aspect phonétique soit à la composante linguistique de la langue. Toutefois, le problème de reconnaissance automatique n’a été que très peu abordé jusqu’à présent. Le système que nous proposons a pour but la compréhension de phrases en Arabe moderne dans un contexte multilocuteur. Sa mise en œuvre tient compte bien sûr des particularités de la langue. Au niveau phonétique, l’Arabe est caractérisée par la présence des consonnes emphatiques, pharyngales et glottales et l’existence d’une opposition brève-longue des voyelles. Au plan morphologique, la langue possède un système régulier basé sur la notion de racine qui constitue le pilier du dictionnaire arabe. Il devient clair que la conception d’un système de reconnaissance fait apparaître deux grands sous-systèmes : un système de décodage acoustico-phonétique et un système de traitement des informations linguistiques.},
	number = {3},
	journal = {Algerian Scientist Journal},
	author = {Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {1991},
	keywords = {Speech Recognition},
}

L’Arabe moderne, dite aussi littéraire ou standard a fait l’objet de plusieurs travaux anciens ou récents, ayant trait soit à l’aspect phonétique soit à la composante linguistique de la langue. Toutefois, le problème de reconnaissance automatique n’a été que très peu abordé jusqu’à présent. Le système que nous proposons a pour but la compréhension de phrases en Arabe moderne dans un contexte multilocuteur. Sa mise en œuvre tient compte bien sûr des particularités de la langue. Au niveau phonétique, l’Arabe est caractérisée par la présence des consonnes emphatiques, pharyngales et glottales et l’existence d’une opposition brève-longue des voyelles. Au plan morphologique, la langue possède un système régulier basé sur la notion de racine qui constitue le pilier du dictionnaire arabe. Il devient clair que la conception d’un système de reconnaissance fait apparaître deux grands sous-systèmes : un système de décodage acoustico-phonétique et un système de traitement des informations linguistiques.

@phdthesis{djoudi_contribution_1991,
	address = {France},
	title = {Contribution à l'étude et à la reconnaissance automatique de la parole en {Arabe} standard},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	url = {http://djoudi.online.fr/publications/files/1991_11_12_These_Djoudi.pdf},
	abstract = {La reconnaissance automatique de la parole continue pose un certain nombre de problèmes. Les caractéristiques phonétiques et linguistiques de la langue sont largement impliquées dans le processus. Ce travail consiste à présenter une contribution à la reconnaissance automatique de l'arabe standard. Nous avons d'abord effectué une étude phonétique de la langue basée essentiellement sur l'examen de spectrogrammes de mots et de phrases en tenant compte des différents contextes de production des phénomènes. Cette étude nous a permis de définir les caractéristiques acoustiques des phénomènes nécessaires au système de reconnaissance. Ensuite, nous avons réalisé un système de décodage acoustico-phonétique, baptise sapha (systeme acoustico-phonétique de l'arabe) qui reçoit en entrée le signal de parole d'une phrase et retourne comme résultat un treillis de phonèmes. Les principales étapes du système sont: la segmentation du signal de parole en grandes classes phonétiques (voyelles, plosives, fricatives et sonnantes); l'extraction des indices phonétiques utilisés en reconnaissance; l'étiquetage des segments utilisant un systeme à base de règles de production. Les méthodes utilisées ont été adaptées du système aphodex développé dans notre équipe pour le décodage phonétique du français. L'évaluation des performances du systeme a été effectuée à partir de l'étiquetage manuel des phrases phonétiquement équilibrées du corps djouma que nous avons constitué. Enfin, nous avons développé quelques idées pour la conception d'un systeme de reconnaissance de phrases en arabe (mars) intégrant le décodeur phonétique et nous avons soulevé les problèmes d'ordre morphologique, phonologique, syntaxique et prosodique qu'il faut résoudre.},
	author = {Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {1991},
	note = {Pages: 150},
	keywords = {Speech Recognition},
}

La reconnaissance automatique de la parole continue pose un certain nombre de problèmes. Les caractéristiques phonétiques et linguistiques de la langue sont largement impliquées dans le processus. Ce travail consiste à présenter une contribution à la reconnaissance automatique de l'arabe standard. Nous avons d'abord effectué une étude phonétique de la langue basée essentiellement sur l'examen de spectrogrammes de mots et de phrases en tenant compte des différents contextes de production des phénomènes. Cette étude nous a permis de définir les caractéristiques acoustiques des phénomènes nécessaires au système de reconnaissance. Ensuite, nous avons réalisé un système de décodage acoustico-phonétique, baptise sapha (systeme acoustico-phonétique de l'arabe) qui reçoit en entrée le signal de parole d'une phrase et retourne comme résultat un treillis de phonèmes. Les principales étapes du système sont: la segmentation du signal de parole en grandes classes phonétiques (voyelles, plosives, fricatives et sonnantes); l'extraction des indices phonétiques utilisés en reconnaissance; l'étiquetage des segments utilisant un systeme à base de règles de production. Les méthodes utilisées ont été adaptées du système aphodex développé dans notre équipe pour le décodage phonétique du français. L'évaluation des performances du systeme a été effectuée à partir de l'étiquetage manuel des phrases phonétiquement équilibrées du corps djouma que nous avons constitué. Enfin, nous avons développé quelques idées pour la conception d'un systeme de reconnaissance de phrases en arabe (mars) intégrant le décodeur phonétique et nous avons soulevé les problèmes d'ordre morphologique, phonologique, syntaxique et prosodique qu'il faut résoudre.

@inproceedings{djoudi_mars_1990,
	address = {Montréal},
	title = {{MARS}: un système de reconnaissance de l'{Arabe} {Moderne}},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	url = {http://djoudi.online.fr/publications/files/1990_05_28_JEP_Montreal_Mars.pdf},
	abstract = {Nous proposons dans cet article une architecture d'un système de reconnaissance automatique de l'Arabe moderne. Le système a pour but la compréhension de phrases dans un contexte multilocuteur. Sa mise en œuvre tient compte bien sur des particularités de la langue. Nous allons décrire dans ce qui suit le module de décodage phonétique qui n'est autre que le système SAPHA développé pour le décodage acoustico-phonétique de l'Arabe. Ensuite, nous aborderons le décodeur linguistique en évoquant les aspects de la morphologie de la langue, de la transcription phonétique-orthographique et de la structure syntaxico-sémantique des phrases. Enfin, nous parlerons de l'importance de la prosodie dans un système de compréhension de l'Arabe parlé et les points qu'il faut résoudre.},
	booktitle = {Actes des 18èmes journées d’étude sur la parole, {Montréal}},
	author = {Djoudi, Mahieddine and Fohr, Dominique and Haton, Jean-Paul},
	year = {1990},
	keywords = {Speech Recognition},
	pages = {217--220},
}

Nous proposons dans cet article une architecture d'un système de reconnaissance automatique de l'Arabe moderne. Le système a pour but la compréhension de phrases dans un contexte multilocuteur. Sa mise en œuvre tient compte bien sur des particularités de la langue. Nous allons décrire dans ce qui suit le module de décodage phonétique qui n'est autre que le système SAPHA développé pour le décodage acoustico-phonétique de l'Arabe. Ensuite, nous aborderons le décodeur linguistique en évoquant les aspects de la morphologie de la langue, de la transcription phonétique-orthographique et de la structure syntaxico-sémantique des phrases. Enfin, nous parlerons de l'importance de la prosodie dans un système de compréhension de l'Arabe parlé et les points qu'il faut résoudre.

@inproceedings{djoudi_sapha_1990,
	address = {Kobe},
	title = {The {SAPHA} {Acoustic} {Phonetic} {Decoder} {System} for {Standard} {Arabic}},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	url = {https://www.isca-speech.org/archive/archive_papers/icslp_1990/i90_0281.pdf},
	abstract = {We present in this paper the SAPHA system developed for the purpose of the acoustic-phonetic decoding of standard Arabic. First of all, we give a description of the general architecture of the system and the various modules which compose it. Afterwards, we develop the principal stages of the Arabic decoder, namely : segmentation of the speech signal into large phonetic classes. automatic extraction of the parameters that are pertinent to phonetic recognition of standard Arabic. multispeaker identification of phonemes in continuous speech by using an expert system based on production rules. The results obtained in broad phonetic classification and phoneme labelling for three male speakers are also presented and discussed.},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of {International} {Conference} on {Spoken} {Language} {Processing}, {Kobe}, {Japon}},
	author = {Djoudi, Mahieddine and Haton, Jean-Paul},
	year = {1990},
	keywords = {Speech Recognition},
}

We present in this paper the SAPHA system developed for the purpose of the acoustic-phonetic decoding of standard Arabic. First of all, we give a description of the general architecture of the system and the various modules which compose it. Afterwards, we develop the principal stages of the Arabic decoder, namely : segmentation of the speech signal into large phonetic classes. automatic extraction of the parameters that are pertinent to phonetic recognition of standard Arabic. multispeaker identification of phonemes in continuous speech by using an expert system based on production rules. The results obtained in broad phonetic classification and phoneme labelling for three male speakers are also presented and discussed.

@inproceedings{djoudi_phonetic_1990,
	address = {Kobe},
	title = {Phonetic {Study} and {Recognition} of {Standard} {Emphatic} {Consonants}},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	url = {https://www.isca-speech.org/archive/archive_papers/icslp_1990/i90_0957.pdf},
	abstract = {In this paper we propose a phonetic study of emphatic consonants in standard Arabic, which is essentially based on the spectrographic examination of these consonants in various production contexts. This study allowed us to determine the pertinent parameters to the recognition of emphatic consonants in continuous speech. The recognition stage uses the SAPHA system, developed for the acoustic-phonetic decoding of standard Arabic and deals with the following points: segmentation of the speech signal into large phonetic classes; extraction of parameters necessary for the recognition of emphatic consonants; phonetic identification of these consonants by using an expert system based on production rules.The results of the segmentation and of the recognition for three male speakers are given commented},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of {International} {Conference} on {Spoken} {Language} {Processing}, {Kobe}, {Japon}},
	author = {Djoudi, Mahieddine and Aouizerat, Hadj and Haton, Jean-Paul},
	year = {1990},
	keywords = {Speech Recognition},
}

In this paper we propose a phonetic study of emphatic consonants in standard Arabic, which is essentially based on the spectrographic examination of these consonants in various production contexts. This study allowed us to determine the pertinent parameters to the recognition of emphatic consonants in continuous speech. The recognition stage uses the SAPHA system, developed for the acoustic-phonetic decoding of standard Arabic and deals with the following points: segmentation of the speech signal into large phonetic classes; extraction of parameters necessary for the recognition of emphatic consonants; phonetic identification of these consonants by using an expert system based on production rules.The results of the segmentation and of the recognition for three male speakers are given commented

@techreport{djoudi_etude_1989,
	address = {Nancy},
	title = {Etude phonétique de l'{Arabe} standard},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	url = {http://djoudi.online.fr/publications/files/1989_04_20_Rapport_Interne.pdf},
	abstract = {Dans le cadre de la mise en œuvre du système SAPHA, de décodage acoustico-phonétique de l’Arabe, nous présentons dans ce rapport une étude phonétique de l’Arabe standard basée sur des visions de spectrogrammes de 50 phrases phonétiquement équilibrées prononcées par 4 locuteurs. L’étude comporte une analyse acoustique contextuelle des voyelles et des consonnes et un examen de quelques aspects phonologiques de l’Arabe standard. Cette étude nous a permet, en particulier d’acquérir une grande base de connaissance nécessaire pour la réalisation du système SAPHA.},
	author = {Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {1989},
	note = {Issue: 89-R-057
Publication Title: Centre de Recherche en Informatique de Nancy: CRIN},
	keywords = {Speech Recognition},
}

Dans le cadre de la mise en œuvre du système SAPHA, de décodage acoustico-phonétique de l’Arabe, nous présentons dans ce rapport une étude phonétique de l’Arabe standard basée sur des visions de spectrogrammes de 50 phrases phonétiquement équilibrées prononcées par 4 locuteurs. L’étude comporte une analyse acoustique contextuelle des voyelles et des consonnes et un examen de quelques aspects phonologiques de l’Arabe standard. Cette étude nous a permet, en particulier d’acquérir une grande base de connaissance nécessaire pour la réalisation du système SAPHA.

@inproceedings{djoudi_phonetic_1989,
	title = {Phonetic {Study} for {Automatic} {Recognition} of {Arabic}},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	url = {http://djoudi.online.fr/publications/files/1989_09_27_Eurospeech_Paris.pdf},
	abstract = {We propose in this paper a phonetic study of standard Arabic based essentially on the spectrographic visions of 50 sentences of the DJOUMA corpus we have constituted. This study allowed us to determine the pertinent parameters of continuous speech recognition. For the recognition part, we present the algorithms developed and the results obtained for three important questions : The segmentation of speech into gross phonetic classes. This process is based on methods adapted from the APHODEX expert system developed in our group [Foh 86], [CHF+86]. The recognition of vowels in continuous speech for multispeakers. The detection of parameters necessary for identification of plosives and fricatives},
	booktitle = {Proceddings of {European} {Conference} on {Speech} and {Technology}, {Paris}},
	author = {Djoudi, Mahieddine and Fohr, Dominique and Haton, Jean-Paul},
	year = {1989},
	keywords = {Speech Recognition},
	pages = {268--271},
}

We propose in this paper a phonetic study of standard Arabic based essentially on the spectrographic visions of 50 sentences of the DJOUMA corpus we have constituted. This study allowed us to determine the pertinent parameters of continuous speech recognition. For the recognition part, we present the algorithms developed and the results obtained for three important questions : The segmentation of speech into gross phonetic classes. This process is based on methods adapted from the APHODEX expert system developed in our group [Foh 86], [CHF+86]. The recognition of vowels in continuous speech for multispeakers. The detection of parameters necessary for identification of plosives and fricatives

@inproceedings{djoudi_sapha_1989,
	address = {Constantine},
	title = {{SAPHA}, un système expert pour le décodage acoustico-phonétique de l'{Arabe} {Standard}},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	url = {http://djoudi.online.fr/publications/files/1989_09_24_MCAISE_Constantine.pdf},
	abstract = {Nous présentons dans cet article le système expert SAPHA que nous avons développé pour le décodage acoustico-phonétique de l’Arabe standard. Nous décrivons tout d’abord l’architecture générale du système et les différents modules qui le composent, ensuite nous développons les principaux problèmes à résoudre, à savoir : La segmentation du signal de parole en grandes classes phonétiques en utilisant des méthodes adaptées du système APHODEX développé dans notre équipe pour le décodage phonétique du français. L’extraction automatique des indices pertinents à la reconnaissance phonétique. L’identification des phonèmes en utilisant un système expert à base de règles de production. Les résultats obtenus pour 3 locuteurs seront présentés et discutés.},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the first maghrebin conferebce on artificial intelligence and software engineering, {Constantine}, {Algeria}},
	author = {Djoudi, Mahieddine and Fohr, Dominique and Haton, Jean-Paul},
	year = {1989},
	keywords = {Speech Recognition},
}

Nous présentons dans cet article le système expert SAPHA que nous avons développé pour le décodage acoustico-phonétique de l’Arabe standard. Nous décrivons tout d’abord l’architecture générale du système et les différents modules qui le composent, ensuite nous développons les principaux problèmes à résoudre, à savoir : La segmentation du signal de parole en grandes classes phonétiques en utilisant des méthodes adaptées du système APHODEX développé dans notre équipe pour le décodage phonétique du français. L’extraction automatique des indices pertinents à la reconnaissance phonétique. L’identification des phonèmes en utilisant un système expert à base de règles de production. Les résultats obtenus pour 3 locuteurs seront présentés et discutés.

@phdthesis{djoudi_detection_1986,
	address = {Nancy},
	title = {Détection et localisation de la barre d'explosion en parole continue et dans un contexte multilocuteur},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	url = {http://djoudi.online.fr/publications/files/1986_09_09_DEA.pdf},
	abstract = {Pour améliorer le décodage acoustico-phonétique de la parole continue dans un contexte multilocuteur, le système expert APHODEX comme d’ailleurs plusieurs autres systèmes experts a été utilisé, simulant ainsi l’expertise d’un phonéticien en lecture de spectrogrammes, mais la structure d’un système expert n’est pas la forme définitive pour un décodeur acoustico-phonétique, il a été utilisé uniquement comme moyen de formalisation des connaissances acquises de l’expert. Pour avoir un décodeur qui puisse fonctionner en temps réel, on doit passer d’un système déclaratif à un système procédural. Pour se faire, une procédure doit être activée automatiquement à la rencontre d’un indice inconnu dans la partie prémisse de la règle. Parmi ces indices le burst ou l’explosion d’énergie qui suit un silence caractérise une classe phonétique : les plosives. Le programme réalisé consiste à dire s’il y a présence ou non du burst et à déterminer sa position dans le cas affirmatif. Il utilise pour ce fait les sorties des procédures de traitement de signal et des modules de prétraitement déjà existants, il fournit comme résultat un booléen indiquant la présence du burst et par la suite il fournira d’autres paramètres le caractérisant et le tout sera intégré dans la base de faits du système expert APHODEX},
	author = {Djoudi, Mahieddine},
	year = {1986},
	note = {Publication Title: Centre de Recherche en Informatique de Nancy: CRIN},
	keywords = {Speech Recognition},
}

Pour améliorer le décodage acoustico-phonétique de la parole continue dans un contexte multilocuteur, le système expert APHODEX comme d’ailleurs plusieurs autres systèmes experts a été utilisé, simulant ainsi l’expertise d’un phonéticien en lecture de spectrogrammes, mais la structure d’un système expert n’est pas la forme définitive pour un décodeur acoustico-phonétique, il a été utilisé uniquement comme moyen de formalisation des connaissances acquises de l’expert. Pour avoir un décodeur qui puisse fonctionner en temps réel, on doit passer d’un système déclaratif à un système procédural. Pour se faire, une procédure doit être activée automatiquement à la rencontre d’un indice inconnu dans la partie prémisse de la règle. Parmi ces indices le burst ou l’explosion d’énergie qui suit un silence caractérise une classe phonétique : les plosives. Le programme réalisé consiste à dire s’il y a présence ou non du burst et à déterminer sa position dans le cas affirmatif. Il utilise pour ce fait les sorties des procédures de traitement de signal et des modules de prétraitement déjà existants, il fournit comme résultat un booléen indiquant la présence du burst et par la suite il fournira d’autres paramètres le caractérisant et le tout sera intégré dans la base de faits du système expert APHODEX